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Jurnal Akademika Biologi
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : -     EISSN : 26219824     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Jurnal Akademika Biologi diterbitkan oleh Departemen Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Universitas Diponegoro Semarang. Jurnal ini sebagai media publikasi hasil karya ilmiah lulusan S1 Departemen Biologi. Jurnal Akademika Biologi menerima artikel-artikel yang berhubungan dengan bidang ilmu biologi.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 234 Documents
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HEPATOSOMATIC INDEX (HSI) DAN DIAMETER HEPATOSIT MENCIT (Mus musculus L.) SETELAH PAPARAN EKSTRAK AIR BIJI PEPAYA (Carica papaya L.) Perwitasari Wahyuningtyas; Agung Janika Sitasiwi; Siti Muflichatun Mardiati
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 7 No. 1 Januari 2018
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Papaya seeds were one part of the papaya plants that can be used as a traditional medicine. The purpose of this study was to test the effect of papaya seed extract (Carica papaya L.) to Hepatosomatic Index (HSI) and hepatocytes diameter of mice (Mus musculus L.). This study was an experimental study use Completely Randomized Design (CRD) that divided into 5 treatment groups with 3 replications. P0 test material in the form of aquadest, P1, P2, P3 in the form of papaya seeds extract test with dose respectively 1.4; 3.5; And 7 mg / mL. Treatment were administered orally for 21 consecutive days. The Body weights of mice were measured every 7 days. After treatment were terminated, the body weights of mice were measured and then sacrificed by dislocation of the neck and the liver were taken by surgery. Furthermore, the liver weights were measured and made histological preparations with HE staining. The determination of HSI were obtained from liver weights and body weights. The measurement of hepatocytes diameter were done by using photomicrograph at each incision 3 field of view. Data were analyzed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at 95% confidence level. The analysis result of HSI in the treatment group showed that there were no significant difference (p>0,05). The analisys of hepatocytes diameter of the treatment group showed significant difference (p<0.05). It could be concluded that exposure of papaya seeds extract for 21 days was a reversible effects so that the hepatocytes diameter size of mice increases but didn’t changed the HSI.Keywords: Carica papaya, HSI, hepatocytes diameter
EKSTRAKSI DAN UJI STABILITAS ZAT WARNA DAUN JAMBU BIJI (Psidium guajava L.) Lasria Pardede; Endang Kusdiyantini; Anto Budiharjo
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 3 No. 4 Oktober 2014
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Guava leaves is known as a traditional medicine to treat various diseases, such as diarrhea, dengue fever, etc. Along with the development of technology, guava leafs is now used as a color contributor on  textiles. This study aims to extract on the solvent distilled water and ethanol and to test the stability of guava leaf color pigment against the influence of storage temperature, time span of the addition of an oxidant and  pH. Leaves extracted by soaked for 24 hours in distilled water solvent that has been preheated to 30°C, 50ºC, 70º C and 90ºC and ethanol with a concentration of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 96%. Absorbance measurements of guava leaf extract is using spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 525 nm. The results  showed that guava leaf extract has the optimum absorbance value on distilled water solvent at 90ºC and 20%ethanol. Stability test is done by storage temperature effect, oxidizing agents adding, and pH treatment. Stability test of guava leaf extract showed that extracted guava leaf color pigment is stable on 9°C storage temperature, short time oxidant adding (3 hours), and resistant to alkaline pH conditions (pH 9).Keywords: Psidium guajava L., ethanol, distilled water, spectrophotometry
PENURUNAN KADAR AMONIA FESES AYAM PEDAGING MENGGUNAKAN PREBIOTIK BUNGKIL INTI SAWIT DENGAN INOKULUM BAKTERI Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, DAN Bacillus cereus Ridho Mathori Ikhwan; MG. Isworo Rukmi; Sri pujiyanto
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 5 No. 3 Juli 2016
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Ammonia emissions at the farm that was from the broiler faecal waste inflict restlessness and become the source of respiratory diseases to the local people because the farm is located adjacent to residential areas. Bacterial isolates were characterized as acid producer with BIS prebiotic mixture may be a bioremediation agent to reduce ammonia emissions in broiler feces. The purpose of this research is to create a biotechnology product which is ready to apply for reducing the ammonia at the poultry farm.  As the treatment used three isolates of bacteria such as L. acidophilus, L. bulgaricus and B. cereus were each used to ferment the BIS for 48 hours at a temperature of 38 ° C. Results of subsequent fermentation inoculated into the stool with a concentration of 8% (w / w), and incubated for 48 hours. Observations ammonia, pH and microflora in the stool, were done at 24 and 48 h of incubation. The results showed a decrease in the levels of ammonia and pH were significantly different between the control and all treatments, but there is no real difference between each treatment of bacterial isolates. Decreased levels of ammonia at 24 h incubation by L. acidophilus, L. bulgaricus and B. cereus, respectively for 92.89%, 98.78%, 98.56%, while the 48-hour incubation, respectively for 90.67 %, 89.60% and 96.80%.Keywords; Ammonia, Acid Producing Bacteria, Prebiotics, BIS, Broiler
KUALITAS MADU LOKAL DARI LIMA WILAYAH DI KABUPATEN WONOSOBO Rofiqotul Khasanah; Sarjana Parman; Sri Widodo Agung Suedy
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 6 No. 1 Januari 2017
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Honey is sweet natural substance produced by honey bees (Apis sp.) from the nectar or other parts of plant. The nutritional content influences its quality. The contents are sugar, then water, and also some of organic acids. The purpose of this research is to analyse the honey quality from its water content, acidity, and sugar content in local honey from Wonosobo Regency. The samples were taken in the five locations, i.e Topengan village (TP), Pringapus (PA), Kalikuning (KK), Krinjing (KJ), and Mutisari (MS). The data analysis with ANOVA test (α = 5%). The Standardisation's reference of honey quality based on Indonesia National Standardisation (SNI) 2013 and EC Directive in 2001 year. The Results were water content was 22.17 - 23.67%, acidity was 34.08 - 39.37 ml NaOH/ kg, and sugar content was 74.83% - 76.17%. All samples were in low quality, except PA that was in standard with water content was 22,17%, acidity was 34,08 ml NaOH/kg, and sugar content was 76,17oBx. Keywords: honey quality, water content, acidity, and sugar content
Ekstraksi Protein dari Escherichia coli BL21 Rekombinan Gen Mycobacterium tuberculosis dengan Variasi Waktu Inkubasi Induksi Isoprophyl-β-D-Thiogalactosidase (IPTG) dan Metode Lisis Sel Nabila Swarna Puspa Hermana; Endang Kusdiyantini; Agung Suprihadi; Neny Nuraini
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 4 No. 2 April 2015
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Bacillus Calmete-Guerin vaccine is no more effective in preventing tuberculosis. The vaccine developed now is vaccine recombinant using Mycobacterium tuberculosis gen cloned in Escherchia coli to produce protein which is used as antigen compound in vaccine. The protein produced an intercellular protein which is needed cell lysis process so that the protein could be extracted. The aim of this research was to investigate the incubation time, and the optimum cell lysis method in protein recombinant extraction. Recombinant E. coli BL21 was incubated for 4, 8, 12, and 16 hours, and followed by, freeze thaw, sonication, and beads vortex lysis method. SDS PAGE quantification showed that the sample with 12 hour incubation with freeze thawing lysis method had the highest protein recombinant concentration by 4.327.870,4 pixel. Keywords: E. coli BL21 recombinant, protein extraction, enzymatic, freeze thaw, sonication, beads vortex
KERAGAMAN SECARA MOLEKULER BAKTERI ASAM LAKTAT PADA ILEUM DAN SEKUM AYAM BROILER YANG DIBERI PERLAKUAN PAKAN HASIL FERMENTASI Chrysonilia crassa Husnul Khotimah; Siti Nur Jannah; Rejeki Siti Ferniah
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 6 No. 4 Oktober 2017
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) are microflora in the digestive tract that has positive roles in poultry’s health. The amount and diversity of LAB in the gastrointestinal tract are influenced by several factors, one of them is by the feeding factor. The study aims to analyze the LAB diversity in ileum and cecum after feeding of fermented Chrysonilia crassa molecularly. Analysis of LAB spesies diversity is needed to provide a baseline profile of microbial community database on the illeum and cecum digestive tract of broiler chicken between control (commercial feed) and treatment (feed by Chrysonilia crassa fermentation) by the method of Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (T-RFLP). The calculated values are the number of phyilotypes, relative abundance, Shannon-Wiener (H') diversity index, evenness (E), and similarity. Group of LAB detected in the control were Lactobacillus delbrueckii (180 bp), Lactobacillus sp. (187 bp), Lactobacillus plantarum (572 bp), uncultured bacterium (87 bp) and unidentified (50 bp, 582 bp). The result of this study showed that by giving the fermented feed by Chrysonilia crassa had resulted in the decreasing of LAB diversity in ileum (0.66), cecum (0.48) compared with commercial feed (control) in ileum (0.84), cecum (1.05). Keywords: broiler chicken, cecum, ileum, LAB, T-RFLP
KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS DAN PEMANFAATAN BAMBU DI DESA LOPAIT KABUPATEN SEMARANG JAWA TENGAH ( SPECIES DIVERSITY AND UTILITY OF BAMBOO AT LOPAIT VILLAGE SEMARANG REGENCY CENTRAL OF JAVA) Dian Setyo Putro; J Jumari; M Murningsih
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 3 No. 2 April 2014
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Lopait Semarang’s regency society own a strong interaction with bamboo. This research aims to identification species of bamboo in Lopait village, and to share information related to the ussage of the bamboo. Data collection is using explorative survey to investigate species of bamboo in Lopait village. The information related to the ussage of bamboo collected by interview. The collected data was tabulled and described. Result data of interview made in tabulation, categorized on benefits, description of benefit’s and managerial. Based on the investigation, there are 6 species of bamboos, i.e.,  apus bamboo (Gigantochloa apus), betung bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper), black bamboo (Gigantochloa atroviolacea), ampel bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris), ori bamboo (Bambusa arundinaceae), dan atter bamboo (Gigantochloa atter). Bamboo’s usage in Lopait village were categorized into 7, they were handicraft (19 speciess of handicraft), building material (3 speciess of building material), food material (1 species of food material), chemical substance (1 species of chemical substance), food wrap (1 species), firewood, and erotion resistance. Lopait’s society own good knowledge on bamboo cultivation and have ability to manage it traditionally, or create it become valuable handicrafts. Keywords : Diversity of bamboo, bamboo utility and management, etnobotany, Lopait village
Struktur dan Komposisi Vegetasi Pohon pada Habitat Uwi-Uwian (Dioscorea spp.) di Kelurahan Jabungan dan Hutan Kampus Undip Tembalang, Semarang Dhita Gustiani; Jumari Jumari; Murningsih Murningsih
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 8 No. 1 Januari 2019
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Dioscorea merupakan salah satu jenis umbi-umbian yang prospektif untuk dijadikan sebagai sumber bahan pangan lokal. Beberapa wilayah yang masih ditemukan Dioscorea diantaranya di Kelurahan Jabungan Banyumanik dan Hutan Kampus Undip Tembalang, Semarang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan struktur dan komunitas vegetasi pohon serta faktor lingkungan pada kedua lokasi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam sampling vegetasi pohon adalah metode systematic sampling. Jumlah jenis, jumlah individu, serta diameter batang setinggi dada atau diameter of breast high (DBH) pohon diukur untuk mengetahui Indeks Nilai Penting (INP) setiap jenis. Indeks keanekaragaman dan indeks kesamaan komunitas juga dihitung untuk mengetahui tingkat keanekaragaman jenis pohon pada setiap lokasi. Faktor lingkungan meliputi suhu, kelembaban, intensitas cahaya, kemiringan, dan pH tanah diukur sebanyak 3 kali lalu dirata-ratakan. Hasil yang diperoleh, pada lokasi 1 (Kelurahan Jabungan) terdapat 8 jenis pohon dengan total individu 105. Pada lokasi 2 (Hutan Kampus Unip) terdapat 11 jenis pohon dengan total individu 104. Jenis dengan INP tertinggi pada lokasi 1 adalah jati, dan pada lokasi 2 adalah pisang. Indeks keanekaragaman pada stasiun 1 adalah 0,87 dan pada lokasi 2 adalah 1,54 yang mengindikasikan bahwa tingkat keanekaragaman pada kedua lokasi adalah rendah. Indeks kesamaan sebesar 0,3158 atau 31,58% yang mengindikasikan tingkat kesamaan jenis pada kedua lokasi berbeda nyata. Faktor geografis yakni titik koordinat pada 7o LS – 110o BT, ketinggian 142 – 197 mdpl, dan kemiringan 25 – 39o serta faktor lingkungan meliputi suhu sebesar 36oC, kelembaban 56%, intensitas cahaya 9200 - >20.000 lux, dan kondisi tanah mendukung untuk pertumbuhan Dioscorea.
PENGARUH JARAK TANAM PADA METODE LONGLINE TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN RENDEMEN AGAR Gracilaria verrucosa (Hudson) PAPENFUSS Ayu Sofiana Desy; Munifatul Izzati; Erma Prihastanti
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 5 No. 2 April 2016
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Gracilaria verrucosa is seaweed that is highly potential to be developed. One Factor that can affect on growth G.verrucosa  is farming method. The aim of this research is to study the effect distance in longline methods on growth and agar rendement. This research was designed by completely randomized design, which consists of 3 treatments. Each treatment was repeated six times. The treatment were P1 (Planting in distance of 15 cm), P2 (Planting in distance of 25 cm) and P3 (Planting in distance of 35 cm). Parameters measured were biomass, dry weight, absolute and spesfic growth rate and also agar rendement. Resulted data was analysized by analysis of variance with significance level is 5% (P = 0.05). Results showed, that in distance of 15 cm the biomass was 168,73 g, dry weight was 11,89 g, absolute growth rate was 9,81%, spesific growth rate is was 2,3 % and agar rendement was 11.06%. In distance of  25 cm the biomass was 179,91 g, dry weight was 14,85 g, absolute growth rate was 11,43%, specific growth rate was 2,6% and agar rendemen was 11,06%, while in distance of 35 cm the biomass was 167,83 g, dry weight was 13,34 g, absolute growth rate was 9,69%, specific growth rate was 2,21% and agar rendemen was 11%.  It can be concluded that in distance of 25 cm resulted in better productivity of Gracilaria verrucosa.  Keywords:    Gracilaria verrucosa, planting distance, longline, growth,  agar rendemen
PELACAKAN FRAGMEN GEN PENYANDI ENZIM ß-KETOASIL-ACP SINTASE II (KAS II) DARI MESOKARP KELAPA SAWIT (ELAEIS GUINEENSIS JACQ. L.) Yohanes Chandrawijaya; Teuku Tajuddin; Hermin Pancasakti Kusumaningrum; Anto Budiharjo
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 2 No. 2 April 2013
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

        The standard of quality is one of the determining values of crude palm oil as an international trade commodity. Better standard of quality for crude palm oil is a constant demand of the market. Quality improvement can be made by increasing the contents of oleic acid in the mesocarp of  E. guinensis. Among the uses of oleic acid are as follows: anti-carcinogenic agent, anti-oxidant, source of pro-vitamin A, and source of Vitamin E. Oleic acid is a form of non-saturated fatty acid encoded by KAS II genes. The expression profiling of KAS II is achieved through isolation of total RNA by Trizol reagent, RNA purification, using DNAse RNAse free, synthesis of cDNA using Reverse Transcriptation PCR approach, and amplification of KAS II genes with Nested PCR approach. The amplification process of KAS II genes is carried out using both internal and external primers. The first step of the external primer PCR is F-KAS-1 and R-KAS-1. Internal primer of PCR in the second step is F-KAS-2 and R-KAS-2. The results of this research are fragments of KAS II genes between 1500–2000 bp. These amplicons are suitable with primers designed at the approximation of 1796 bp. Selection of three amplicons at the annealing temperatures of 54oC, 55.9oC, and 58oC shows good DNA band visualizations. Annealing at 58oC shows the best result with high intensity DNA band and no smear. Further research is needed to determine the accuracy of the amplicons through sequencing step.  Keywords: KAS II, Elaeis guineensis, annealing, Nested PCR, RT-PCR

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