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Jurnal Akademika Biologi
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : -     EISSN : 26219824     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Jurnal Akademika Biologi diterbitkan oleh Departemen Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Universitas Diponegoro Semarang. Jurnal ini sebagai media publikasi hasil karya ilmiah lulusan S1 Departemen Biologi. Jurnal Akademika Biologi menerima artikel-artikel yang berhubungan dengan bidang ilmu biologi.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 234 Documents
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EKPLORASI BAKTERI SELULOLITIK DARI CAIRAN RUMEN SAPI PERANAKAN FRIES HOLLAND (PFH) DAN LIMOUSINE PERANAKAN ONGOLE (LIMPO) Sekar Ayu Yogyaswari; MG. Isworo Rukmi; Budi Raharjo
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 5 No. 4 Oktober 2016
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Cellulose is the largest component of plant materials which is the most abundant organic compound in nature. The degradation of cellulose carried out by cellulase enzymes which is consisting of three components, i.e. , endoglucanase, exoglucanase, and β-glucosidase with glucose as the end product. Cellulase is very useful in industry and agriculture, such as paper, beer and brewing industries, for improving the quality of forages, organic material decomposer, and play an important role in the bioconversion of cellulose into various chemical commodities. The aims of this study was to get cellulolytic bacteria from cow’s rumen fluid which has high cellulolytic activity. Isolation of cellulolytic bacteria from cow’s rumen fluid were done by direct plating on CMC media. The cellulolytic activity values of the bacterial isolates were examined by determining cellulolytic index. The determination of cellulase activity were carried out by DNS method while the total protein contents by Lowry method. Identification of the bacteria isolates were done by observation of colony morphology, microscopic observation, and biochemical tests. Six potential cellulolytic bacterias were obtained in this study and all isolates identified as Bacillus. The highest cellulase specific activity shown by Fh-9 and Lo-8 isolates in 8 hours incubation.Keywords: cellulolytic bacteria, cellulose, cellulase.
Pengaruh Pemberian Ensim Amilase terhadap Kadar Bioetanol dari Limbah Sagu Padat Muhammad Lukman Hakim; Endah Dwi Hastuti; Sarjana Parman
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 4 No. 2 April 2015
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Sago starch processing industry in the village Plajan leaving solid waste that pollute the environment. Solid sago waste still contains carbohydrates ± 84.7%, which can be used as a base  material  for  bioethanol  production.  Giving  amylase  enzyme  in  this  study  aims  to optimize the starch hydrolysis process into glucose so as to increase the levels of bioethanol. The purpose of this  study was to determine the effect of amylase enzyme with different volumes on levels of bioethanol. The research methods include hydrolysis, fermentation and distillation.  The  study design  used  was  completely randomized  design  (CRD)  with  four treatments. Such treatment is A = 0 ml of α-amylase and glucoamylase 0 ml (control), B = 2 ml α-amylase and 2 ml of glucoamylase, C = 4 ml of α-amylase and glucoamylase 4 ml, D =6  ml  of α-amylase  and  6  ml  glucoamylase  three  replications.  Parameters  observed  that glucose levels,  levels of ethanol, and the volume  of bioethanol. Analysis  of the data by Analysist  Variance (ANOVA),  followed by Duncan's Multiple Test Test (DMRT). These results indicate that  administration of amylase enzyme is able to increase levels of ethanol until a certain volume. The most effective enzyme volume to produce the highest levels of bioethanol is the range of volume 2  ml α-amylase and 2 ml glucoamylase to 4 ml of α- amylase and 4 ml glucoamylase of ethanol  grading 63.33% to 69.00% with a distillation process the distillation temperature between 70-90oC.Keywords: Amylase, bioethanol, sago solid waste.
DETEKSI GEN tlh DAN tdh PADA Bakteri Vibrio parahaemolyticus DARI AIR TAMBAK UDANG VANNAME (Litopenaeus vannamei) DI KABUPATEN REMBANG Adila Nawan Hasrimi; Anto Budiharjo; Siti Nur Jannah
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 6 No. 3 Juli 2017
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is hallophilic gram-negative bacteria that live as natural inhabitant in aquatic environment. All Vibrio parahaemolyticus strain known to have thermolabile hemolysin encoded by tlh gene as species marker. Thermostable direct hemolysin encoded by tdh gene is responsible for regulating one of the virulence factors in Vibrio parhaemolyticus. The aim of this research is to detect tlh gene and tdh gene from water of vanname shrimp’s aquaculture in Rembang regency. Colonies of green-blueish bacteria grew from the isolation of  vanname shrimp’s aquaculture water in CD-VP media which is identified as Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The isolated bacteria is specifically identified as Vibrio parahaemolyticus bacteria by the detection of tlh gene. Molecular analysis shows tdh negative result that indicates tdh gene is not present in the isolated bacteria. Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolate were cultured in Wagatsuma agar for the tdh gene confirmation test that showed Kanagawa negative result, in which indicated that V. parahaemolyticus did not produce thermostable direct hemolysin. Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolate did not show any virulence factors to initiate host colonization in the aquatic environment. Keywords: Vibrio parahaemolyticus, tdh gene, tlh gene
ISOLASI, KARAKTERISASI BAKTERI ASAM LAKTAT, DAN ANALISIS PROKSIMAT DARI PANGAN FERMENTASI “TEMPOYAK” Arina Aisyah; Endang Kusdiyantini; Agung Suprihadi
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 3 No. 2 April 2014
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Tempoyak is a food made from fermented durian flesh with the addition of salt and brooded for seven days. Tempoyak quality is strongly influenced by the presence of microbes involved during the process of fermentation. This study aimed to isolate and characterize lactic acid bacteria (LAB) that play a role in the tempoyak fermentation process, and to perform proximate analysis of the durian and tempoyak. Isolation was done on 0, 3rd, 5th, and 7th day fermentation with streak methods. The isolates then underwent morphology and motility observation, biochemical tests, and proximate analysis.  The isolation of tempoyak resulted seven isolates of bacteria that had different colony and cell morphology. Gram staining of the bacterial cell produced a purple color with the rod and spherical shape. Motility test resulted non motile bacteria. Catalase test of bacteria isolates produced negative catalase. Isolates showed positive results in test for acid production and carbohydrate fermentation. pH decrease from 6.88 to 5.74 on the last day of brooding. Seven isolates obtained had characteristics that were similar with the characteristic of LAB, which was Gram positive, rod shaped or spherical, non motile, negative catalase, and produce acid. Tempoyak nutrient contained, ie 15.12% moisture content, 27.03% ash content, 2.69% fat content, 6.37% protein content, and 48.79% carbohydrate content. Keywords: tempoyak, LAB, morphology, biochemistry, proximate
Peningkatan Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Panen Kentang Oleh Aplikasi Biofungisida Tricho Powder Produk Lokal Temanggung Susiana Purwantisari; Sarjana Parman; Harum Sitepu
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 7 No. 4 Oktober 2018
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Penyakit hawar daun oleh jamur patogen Phytophthora infestans merupakan penyakit utamapada tanaman kentang yang dapat menurunkan produksi hingga 100%. Penggunaan agensia hayati Trichoderma spp. sebagai penginduksi ketahanan tanaman budidaya terhadap serangan patogen penyebab penyakit tanaman telah lama terbukti sebagai metode yang sangat efektif dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi penggunaan biofungisida Tricho powder berbahan aktif jamur antagonis Trichoderma harzianum produk petani lokal untuk menginduksi ketahanan tanaman kentang sehingga mampu meningkatkan hasil panennya. Metode penelitian menggunakan penelitian eksperimental dengan pola penelitian rancangan acak lengkap dengan 5 perlakuan. Penelitian dilakukan di lahan demplot pertanaman tanaman kentang di Desa Kledung Temanggung dengan ketinggian 1350 meter di atas permukaan laut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi biofungisida Tricho powder dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil panen tanaman kentang.
PERTUMBUHAN SEMAI Rhizophora mucronata lamk. PADA KOMPOSISI JENIS MANGROVE DAN LEBAR SALURAN OUTLET YANG BERBEDA DI TAMBAK WANAMINA KELURAHAN MANGUNHARJO, SEMARANG. Nuzula Muharrahmi; Rini Budi Hastuti; Endah Dwi Hastuti
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 5 No. 1 Januari 2016
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Mangrove or commonly referred to as mangrove coastal areas generally live in tropical and sub-tropical. The mangrove forest is an important area for maintaining environmental quality. The existence of mangrove forests in Indonesia is increasingly alarming due to the conversion of mangrove vegetation. One of the mangrove vegetation has undergone over the function in Indonesia is in the Village of Mangunharjo, Tugu subdistrict, Semarang. This area has a lot of experience over the land which was originally a mangrove forest vegetation community is then used as aquaculture area, residential and industrial areas. This study aims to assess the level of seedling growth of  R. mucronata  Lamk. in  mangrove type composition and the width of outlet channel which is different in silvofishery. This research used experimental method with Randomized Design (RBD). Seedlings planted in pond (silvofishery) on a single mangrove species composition and mix as well as the width of outlet channel which is different. Data obtained in the form of average height and diameter growth of seedlings R. mucronata Lamk. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results showed that mangrove type composition and the width of outlet channel which is different on seedling growth of R. mucronata Lamk. were not significantly different.Keywords: mangrove, silvofishery, vegetation, outlet
ISOLASI DAN KARAKTERISASI MORFOLOGI KOLONI BAKTERI ASOSIASI ALGA MERAH (RHODOPHYTA) DARI PERAIRAN KUTUH BALI Aninditia Sabdaningsih; Anto Budiharjo; Endang Kusdiyantini
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 2 No. 2 April 2013
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Kutuh Beach in Bali is an area established as the Minapolitan algae with a high diversity. Microorganisms associated with marine organisms, usually have secondary metabolites that can be used as a source of drugs, antibiotics, enzymes, and cosmetics. The aimed of this research was to isolate and characterize colony morphology of bacteria associated with red algae based on colony morphology. Seven bacteria were isolated from three samples of red algae that were Kappapycus alvarezii, Gelidiella acerosa and Eucheuma spinosum. The isolates had pigmentation of beige, white and orange. Based on Gram's staining, seven isolates were Gram positive with bacilli and cocci in shape. Keywords : associated bacteria, morphological colony, pigmentation, red algae
Pengaruh Pemupukan Organik Takakura dengan Penambahan EM4 terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tanaman Kacang Hijau (Phaseolus radiatus L.) Z Zuhrufah; Munifatul Izzati; Sri Haryanti
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 4 No. 1 Januari 2015
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Takakura is the research result of scientist Mr. Koji Takakura from Japan. Takakura composting is one of many composting methods not only household composting scale, but also regional scale. This method does not require large tracts of land and its capacity matches with the volume of domestic waste that is disposed by households daily. Household organic waste can be managed easily with this composting method, odorless, does not take a lot of time in the processing and the results are directly utilized. The aim of this research was to know the effect of anorganic (NPK) fertilization and takakura organic fertilization with EM4 addition on growth and production of mung bean. The research was done at Jerukgulung Village, Dempet Area, Demak Regency and Laboratory of Biology and Structure and Function of Plant Faculty of Science and Mathematics Diponegoro University. The design that was used for this research was completely randomized design with single factor, it was the kinds of fertilizer that were used. The data was then analyzed using Analisis of Variance (ANOVA) then continued with Duncan Multiple Test (DMRT) at significant rate 95% to find the real difference. The parameters used were the plant height, number of leaves, number of flower, number of fruit, number of seed, plant fresh weight, fruit fresh weight, seed fresh weight, plant dry weight, fruit dry weight and seed dry weight. The result shows that takakura organic fertilization with EM4 addition influences the plant height, number of leaves, number of flower, number of fruit, plant fresh weight, fruit fresh weight, seed fresh weight and plant dry weight, but doesn’t has any influence to number of seed, fruit dry weight and seed dry weight. Keywords: takakura, anorganic, mung bean (Phaseolus radiatus L.), growth, production.
IDENTIFIKASI SENYAWA BIOAKTIF PADA ISOLAT BAKTERI BUAH BELIMBING WULUH (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) SEBAGAI AGENSIA HAYATI Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae Aniza Rachmawati; Agung Suprihadi; Endang Kusdiyantini
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 6 No. 3 Juli 2017
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Bilimbi (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) is one of original fruit plants from Indonesia. Bilimbi fruits contain flavonoid, saponin, triterpenoid and tanin that have ability as anti-microbial. Bacteria was isolated from bilimbi fruits expected to be able produce bioactive compounds which can kill pathogenic bacteria such as Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae which caused Bacterial Leaf Blight (BLB). Bacterial Leaf Blight in Indonesia caused harvest losses of 18 – 36 %. Infection was caused by X. oryzae caused the leaf symptoms to turn pale yellow, white, withered, and finally die. The purpose of this research are get bacteria isolate from bilimbi fruits (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) and testing bioactive compounds on bacteria isolate from bilimbi fruits which can inhibit Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) growth. This research use methods, that are isolation of bacteria from bilimbi fruits and isolation of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, characterization biochemically, inhibition test, and Thin Layer Chromatography. Obtained two bacteria isolate from bilimbi fruits. They are IBW1 dan IBW2, inhibition zona of IBW1 is 0,15 mm and IBW2 0,35 mm. Both of them have potential in antibacteria of X. oryzae bacteria eventhough in weak catagory. Metabolite secondary compound which play a role in antibacteria of X. oryzae is flavonoid compound. Kata kunci: antibacteria, bilimbi, Thin Layer Chromatography, X. oryzae
BOBOT OVARIUM DAN HIRARKI FOLIKEL OVARIUM PUYUH JEPANG (COTURNIX COTURNIX JAPONICA) SETELAH PENCAHAYAAN DENGAN CAHAYA MONOKROMATIK Lukman Hakim; Koen Praseno; Tyas Rini Saraswati
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 3 No. 1 Januari 2014
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Light has an important role in the avian life. Illumination can control any physiological process including reproduction and egg production because hormonal system  is regulated by the light.  One of the ways to optimize egg production is by optimizing management of lighting system including monochromatic lighting. The present study was designed to know potension of monochromatic light green, red, and blue with intensities of 5 lux for 12 hours daily  to increase weight of ovary and  number of ovary follicles in the quail. Quails divided to 4 groups and 5 repititions. The treatments were controls treatment used incandescent bulb with 5 W, second treatment used red lights with 5 W, third treatment used green lights with 5 W, fourth treatment used blue lights with 5 W. The red, green, and blue lights were provided by light emitting diodes (LED).  Parameters measured were weight of ovary, number of ovary follicles, weight of body, food consumption, and water consumption. Data was analysed with Analysis of Varian (ANOVA)  and Duncan Analysis in 95% significant.  The result showed that there are significant different in weight of ovary, weight of body, and food consumption. Monochromatic light is more effective to increase weight of ovary, weight of body, decrease food consumption than fluorescant lamp.  The Summary is monochromatic light can be used in management of lighting alternative in quail cultivation to optimyze quail production. Keywords  : Weight Of Ovary, Monochromatic Light, Number Of Ovary Follicles, Quail.

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