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Journal of Aquaculture Management and Technology
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
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Core Subject : Science, Education,
Journal of Aquaculture Management and Technology diterbitkan oleh Program studi Budidaya Perairan, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Undip. JAMTech menerima artikel-artikel yang berhubungan dengan akuakultur, nutrisi pakan ikan, parasit dan penyakit ikan, produksi budidaya, dll.
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Articles 305 Documents
Pengaruh Ekstrak Daun Sirsak (Annona muricata) Terhadap Profil Darah Dan Kelulushidupan Ikan Mas (Cyprinus carpio) Yang Diinfeksi Bakteri Aeromonas hydrophila Nurjannah, R. Dewi Dharina; Prayitno, Slamet Budi; Sarjito, Sarjito; Lusiastuti, Angela Mariana
Journal of Aquaculture Management and Technology Vol 2, No 4 (2013) : Journal of Aquaculture Management and Technology
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Abstract

Carp is a freshwater species that is easily cultivated. One of the constraints in cultivating carps (C. carpio) is diseases that ultimately caused mass mortality. The disease that generally affects carp is Motile Aeromonas Septicemia (MAS) caused by Aeromonas hydrophila. Soursop leaves is one of the herbs that can be used as an ingredient to control fish diseases because it contains chemicals that acts bacteriocide. The purpose of this research was to determine the influence and the best dose of soursop leaf extract in feed to the blood profile and survival of carp infected by A. hydrophila. The treatments of this research were addition of soursop leaf extract on feed with 4 different dosages and 3 replicates. The treatments were A (0 g/kg diet), B (5 g/kg diet), C (10 g/kg diet) and D (15 g/kg diet). The result showed that soursop leaf extract in feed of treatment B (5 g/kg diet) significantly different (P0.05) on total erythrocyte (0.83×106 cells/mm3), differential leukocyte include the percentage of monocytes (7.67%), neutrophils (8.67%), lymphocytes (83.67%), phagocytic activity (37%) and survival rate (50%). It can be conclude that soursop leaf extract at dosage 5g/kg was able to stimulate immune response of carp, it was characterized by an increased total leukocytes of carp infected by A. hydrophila.
PENGARUH LAMA WAKTU PERENDAMAN RECOMBINANT GROWTH HORMONE (rGH) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN KELULUSHIDUPAN LARVA NILA SALIN (Oreochromis niloticus) Perwito, Bambang; Hastuti, Sri; Yuniarti, Tristiana
Journal of Aquaculture Management and Technology Volume 4, Nomor 4, Tahun 2015
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Abstract

Ikan nila merupakan salah satu jenis ikan bernilai ekonomis tinggi dan banyak dikonsumsi masyarakat. Sehubungan dengan hal tersebut, perlu dilakukan rekayasa budidaya untuk memenuhi kebutuhan dan permintaan masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh lama waktu perendaman rGH dan mengetahui lama waktu perendaman rGH yang optimal digunakan untuk memacu pertumbuhan dan kelulushidupan larva nila salin. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Balai Besar Pengembangan dan Budidaya Air Payau Jepara, Jawa Tengah, pada bulan Oktober – Desember 2014. Ikan uji yang digunakan adalah larva ikan nila salin yang telah habis kuning telur. Pemeliharaan dilakukan selama 35 hari. Penelitian ini menggunakan 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan yaitu A direndam rGH 2,5 mg/L selama 0 menit (kontrol), B direndam rGH 2,5 mg/L selama 30 menit, C direndam rGH 2,5 mg/L selama 60 menit, D direndam rGH 2,5 mg/L selama 90 menit. Variabel yang diukur meliputi laju pertumbuhan spesifik, pertumbuhan panjang mutlak, total konsumsi pakan, kelulushidupan, dan kualitas air. Nilai laju pertumbuhan spesifik adalah A 11,45±0,19%/hari; B 14,09±0,49%/hari; C 13,36±0,20%/hari; dan D 12,51±0,23%/hari. Nilai pertumbuhan panjang mutlak adalah A 3,37±0,14cm; B 4,02±0,13cm; C 3,75±0,22cm; dan D 3,72±0,28cm. Nilai total konsumsi pakan adalah A 13,88±1,60g; B 17,83±4,79g; C 17,27±1,66g; dan D 16,96±2,39g. Nilai kelulushidupan adalah A 67,78±1,92%; B 83,33±3,33%; C 77,78±1,92%; dan D 72,22±1,92%. Dengan demikian, lama waktu perendaman rGH berpengaruh nyata terhadap laju pertumbuhan spesifik, pertumbuhan panjang mutlak dan kelulushidupan larva nila salin namun tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap total konsumsi pakan larva nila salin. Lama waktu perendaman optimum untuk meninngkatkan pertumbuhan dan kelulushidupan larva nila salin adalah berkisar antara 46,5 – 55,3 menit. Tilapia is one of fish species with high economic value, and consumed by many people. Based on that statement, should the holding of manipulation culture to fulfill nedds and society request. This study aimed to determine the effect of time immersion RGH and determine the optimal length of time immersion to stimulate the growth and survival of larvae saline tilapia. This research was conducted at the Center for Development and Brackish Water Aquaculture Jepara, Central Java, in October-December 2014. The test fish used is saline tilapia larvae that have depleted egg yolk. Maintenance is carried out for 35 days. This study uses 4 treatments and 3 replications namely A immersion RGH 2.5 mg / L for 0 minutes (control), B immersion RGH 2.5 mg / L for 30 minutes, C immersion RGH 2.5 mg / L for 60 minutes, D immersion RGH 2.5 mg / L for 90 minutes. Variables measured include the specific growth rate, the growth of absolute length, total feed consumption, survival, and water quality. The value of the specific growth rate is A 11.45 ± 0.19%/day; B 14.09 ± 0.49%/day; C 13.36 ± 0.20%/day; and D 12.51 ± 0.23%/day. Value growth in the absolute length is A 3.37 ± 0.14cm; B 4.02 ± 0.13cm; C 3.75 ± 0.22cm; and D 3.72 ± 0.28cm. The total value of feed consumption is A 13.88 ± 1.60g; B 17.83 ± 4.79g; C 17.27 ± 1.66g; and D 16.96 ± 2.39g. Value survival is A 67.78 ± 1.92%; B 83.33 ± 3.33%; C 77.78 ± 1.92%; and D 72.22 ± 1.92%. Thus, time immersion RGH significantly affect the specific growth rate, the growth and survival of larvae absolute length indigo copy but did not significantly affect total feed intake of saline tilapia larvae. Optimum time immersion at enhancing the growth and survival of larvae saline tilapia is ranged from 46.5 to 55.3 minutes.
PENGARUH PADAT TEBAR BERBEDA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN KELULUSHIDUPAN BENIH LELE (Clarias gariepinus) DALAM MEDIA BIOFLOK Hermawan, Teguh Eko Suryo Agil; Sudaryono, Agung; Prayitno, Slamet Budi
Journal of Aquaculture Management and Technology Volume 3, Nomor 3, Tahun 2014
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Abstract

Intensifikasi budidaya membawa dampak yang kurang baik terhadap kelestarian dan kesehatan lingkungan yang berupa penurunan kualitas lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh padat tebar berbeda terhadap produktifitas, pertumbuhan, rasio konversi pakan (FCR) dan kelulushidupan benih lele (C. gariepinus) dalam media bioflok. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 3 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan yang diujikan adalah padat tebar berbeda dalam media bioflok A (1500/m3), B (1000/m3), dan C (500/m3). Hewan uji menggunakan benih lele  (Clarias gariepinus) dengan bobot rata-rata individu sebesar 1,24±0,1 g. Benih lele dipelihara dalam kolam terpal berdiameter 100 cm dengan volume air ±800 L selama 42 hari dan pemberian pakan 4% dari berat biomassa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa padat tebar berbeda dalam media bioflok berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap pertumbuhan, produktifitas dan efisiensi pakan namun tidak berbeda nyata terhadap kelulushidupan benih lele. Laju pertumbuhan spesifik yang dicapai pada perlakuan A, B, dan C berturut-turut adalah 3.508±0.011; 3.554±0.031; dan 3.868±0.014%/hari. Produktifitas lele pada perlakuan A, B dan C berturut-turut adalah 6405.967±39.4; 4380.389±72.4; dan 2588.656±19.2 (g/m2). Rasio konversi pakan yang dicapai berturut-turut adalah 0.939±0.011; 0.926±0.014; dan 0.841±0.008. Nilai kelulushidupan lele berkisar antara 91.389-91.833%. Perbedaan padat penebaran tidak memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap kelulushidupan, namun memberi pengaruh nyata terhadap produktifitas, laju pertumbuhan spesifik dan rasio konversi pakan. The intensification of farming has unfavorable impact on the sustainability and environmental health in the form of environmental quality degradation. This study aims to determine the effect of different stocking densities on growth, productivity, Food Conversion Ratio (FCR) and survival rate of catfish seeds (C. gariepinus) in bioflok technology. This study used a completely random design with 3 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments tested were different stocking densities in bioflok technology which are A (1500/m3), B (1000/m3), and C (500/m3). Animal trials using catfish seed (C. gariepinus) with an average individual weight of 1.24±0.1 g. Catfish seeds reared in ponds diameter of 100 cm with a volume of 800 L of water for 42 days and feeding 4% of the weight of biomass. The result of the study showed that different stocking densities in biofloc technology have a significant effect (P<0.05) on productivity, growth and Food Conversion Ratio but did not significantly affect the survival rate of catfish seed. Specific growth rate achieved in treatment A, B, and C, were, 3,508±0.011; 3,554±0.031, and 3,868±0.014 %/day. Productivity catfish on treatment A, B and C, respectively, 6405.967±39.4; 4380,389±72.4, and 2588,656±19.2 (g/m2), respectively food conversion ratio of treatment A, B, and C were 0.939±0.011; 0.926±0.014, and 0.841±0.008. Catfish survival values ranged between 91.389-91.833%. The different densities had no significant effect on survival rate, but had a significant effects on productivity, specific growth rate, and food conversion ratio.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN RECOMBINANT GROWTH HORMONE (rGH) DENGAN DOSIS BERBEDA PADA PAKAN KOMERSIAL TERHADAP EFISIENSI PEMANFAATAN PAKAN, PERTUMBUHAN DAN KELULUSHIDUPAN BENIH IKAN PATIN (P. pangasius) Fissabela, Fika Ainallaudia; Suminto, -; Nugroho, Ristiawan Agung
Journal of Aquaculture Management and Technology Volume 5, Nomor 3, Tahun 2016
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Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh penambahan recombinant Growth Hormone (rGH) pada pakan komersial dengan dosis berbeda terhadap efisiensi pemanfaatan pakan, pertumbuhan dan kelulushidupan dan mengetahui perlakuan pemberian recombinant Growth Hormone (rGH) pada pakan komersial yang memberikan efisiensi pemanfaatan pakan, pertumbuhan dan kelulushidupan ikan patin (P. pangasius) yang terbaik. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Budidaya Perairan Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Jawa Tengah Tengah pada 14 November – 15 Januari 2016. Ikan uji yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah ikan patin (P. Pangasius), dengan benih 0,9 - 1,4 g. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode eksperimental menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 3 kali ulangan. Perlakuan dalam penelitian ini yakni, perlakuan A (pakan + 0 mg/kg), B (pakan + 1 mg/kg), C (pakan + 2 mg/kg), dan D (pakan + 3 mg/kg). Pembuatan larutan rGH untuk 1 kg pakan adalah pencampuran rGH sesuai dosis ditambah kuning telur 20 ml + larutan Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS) 100 ml, dicampur & disemprotkan secara merata ke pakan dan diberikan secara at satiation sehari 2 kali. Data yang diamati meliputi TKP, EPP, PER, SGR, SR dan kualitas air. Data dianalisa menggunakan ANOVA untuk melihat perbedaannya, kemudian jika terdapat perbedaan maka dilakukan uji wilayah Duncan untuk melihat perlakuan terbaik. Pendederan benih berlangsung selama 63 hari. Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi rGH dan pakan komersial, menunjukkan pengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap TKP, EPP, PER, SGR, panjang mutlak dan SR. Perlakun terbaik terhadap TKP, EPP, PER, SGR, dan SR adalah perlakuan C dengan nilai TKP sebesar 670,36±26,11 gram, EPP sebesar 58,49±0,92%, PER sebesar 1,13±0,02%, SGR sebesar 4,60±0,02%, dan kelulushidupan sebesar 73,33±2,89%. Sehingga perlakuan penambahan rGH dengan dosis 2 mg/kg menghasilkan efisiensi pemanfaatan pakan, pertumbuhan dan kelulushidupan terbaik untuk ikan patin (P. pangasius). This research was aimed to assess the effect of giving recombinant Growth Hormone (rGH) in commercial feed with different dosage for food utilization efficiency (FCE), growth and survival rate (SR); and determine the exact dosage of recombinant Growth Hormone (rGH) that provides the best result on food conversion efficiency, growth and survival rate of pangasius fish (P. pangasius). This research was conducted at the Aquaculture Laboratory, University of Diponegoro, Semarang, Central Java on November 14 to January 15, 2016. The trial fish used in this research was Fry Pangasius (P. pangasius) with average weight of seed about 0,9 to 1,4 g. The experimental design used was completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 3 replicates. Which were treatment A (feed + 0 mg / kg); B (feed + 1 mg/kg); C (feed + 2 mg/kg); and D (feed + 3 mg/kg). of rGH for 1 kg of feed is the appropriate dose of rGH mixed with 20 ml egg yolk + solution Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS) 100 ml, mixed and sprayed evenly to feed. The methode been used was at satiation (2 times/day). The data observed were involving Food Consumption Rate, Food Utilization Efficiency, Protein Efficiency Ratio (PER), Spesific Growth Rate (SGR), absolute length, SR and water quality. Data were analyzed by  using ANOVA to see the difference, then if there is a difference then tested with  Duncan area to see the best treatment. Trial fish was reared for 63 days. The conclusions shown that the combination of rGH and commercial feed were giving affect significantly (p<0,05) for Food Consumption Rate, Food Utilization Efficiency, PER, SGR, absolute length and SR. Best treatment that affected the value of Food Consumption Rate, Food Utilization Efficiency, PER, SGR, absolute length and SR is treatment C with value of Food Consumption Rate 670,36±26,11 grams, Food Utilization Efficiency 58,49±0,92%, PER 1,13±0,02%, SGR 4,60±0,02%, the absolute length 9,78±0,015 cm and SR 73,33±2,89%. The addition of rGH with dosage of 2 mg/kg was the best treatment for food utilization efficiency, growth and survival rate of Pangasius (P. pangasius).
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN SUMBER KARBON ORGANIK BERBEDA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN RASIO KONVERSI PAKAN BENIH LELE “(Clarias sp.)” DALAM MEDIA BIOFLOK Aji, Sigit Bayu; Sudaryono, Agung; Harwanto, Dicky
Journal of Aquaculture Management and Technology Volume 3, Nomor 4, Tahun 2014
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Abstract

Intensifikasi budidaya lele dapat memberikan dampak negatif bagi kesehatan lingkungan. Teknologi bioflok merupakan salah satu pemecah masalah lingkungan dan dapat meningkatkan produksi budidaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan sumber karbon berbeda terhadap pertumbuhan dan rasio konversi pakan lele. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 3 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan yang diujikan adalah penambahan sumber karbon berbeda dalam media bioflok A (molase), B (tapioka), dan C (gandum). Hewan uji menggunakan benih lele dengan bobot rata-rata individu sebesar 7,16±0,36 g. Lele dipelihara pada ember berdiameter 60 cm dengan volume 10 liter selama 42 hari dan pemberian pakan 4% dari berat biomassa. Hasil penelitian  menunjukan bahwa  penambahan sumber karbon organik dalam media bioflok tidak berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap pertumbuhan mutlak, laju pertumbuhan spesifik, kelulushidupan, rasio konversi pakan dan total konsumsi pakan  lele. Nilai pertumbuhan mutlak yang dicapai pada perlakuan A, B, dan C berturut-turut adalah 10,09±0,06 g; 10,85±0,76 g dan 10,31±0,19 g.  Nilai laju pertumbuhan spesifik yang dicapai adalah (A) 2,21±0,02 %/hari; (B) 2,31±0,16 %/hari; dan (C) 2,23±0,16 %/hari. Nilai kelulushidupan lele (A) 96,67±5,77 %; (B) 96,67±5,77 % dan (C) 86,67±5,77 %. Nilai FCR (A) 1,16±0,03; (B) 1,07±0,10; dan (C) 1,12±0,05 g. Dan total konsumsi pakan sebesar (A) 11,72±0,24 g; (B) 11,57±0,50 g dan (C)  11,51±0,24 g. Penelitian ini membuktikan Penambahan sumber karbon organik berbeda tidak memberikan pengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap laju pertumbuhan spesifik harian, kelulushidupan, rasio konversi pakan dan tingkat konsumsi pakan dalam media bioflok. Ketiga sumber karbon organik yang berbeda (molase, tapioka dan gandum) semua memberikan hasil yang sama. Intensification of catfish farming can adversely affect the health of the environment. Bioflok technology is one environmental problem solvers and can improve aquaculture production. This study aims to determine the effect of different carbon sources on catfish feed efficiency and growth.This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 treatments and 3 replications. The treatment being tested is the addition of different carbon sources in the media bioflok A (molasses), B (tapioca), and C (wheat). Animal trials using seed catfish with an average individual weight of 7.16 ± 0.36 g. Catfish maintained at 60 cm diameter bucket with a volume of 10 liters for 42 days and feeding 4% of the weight of the biomass. The results showed that the addition of an organic carbon source in the medium bioflok no significant effect (P < 0.05) to the absolute growth , specific growth rate , survival rate , feed conversion ratio and total feed consumption of catfish . Absolute value of the growth achieved in treatment A , B , and C , respectively, 10.09 ± 0.06 g ; 10.85 ± 0.76 g and 10.31 ± 0.19 g . Value of the specific growth rate achieved was ( A ) 2.21 ± 0.02 % / day ; ( B ) 2.31 ± 0.16 % / day ; and ( C ) 2.23 ± 0.16 % / day . Catfish survival value ( A ) 96.67 ± 5.77 % ; (B) 96.67 ± 5.77 % , and (C) 86.67 ± 5.77 %  Food Conversion Ratio Value (A) 1,16±0,03; (B) 1,07±0,10; dan (C) 1,12±0,05 g. And total feed consumption of (A) 11.72 ± 0.24 g; ( B ) 11.57 ± 0.50 g and ( C ) 11.51 ± 0.24 g . This study proves The addition of organic carbon sources did not differ significant effect ( P > 0.05) on daily specific growth rate , survival rate , feed conversion ratio and feed intake level in bioflok media . These three different sources of organic carbon (molasses ,tapioca and wheat) all gave similar results.
ANALISIS EFISIENSI PEMASARAN IKAN ARWANA (OSTEOGLOSSUM BICIRRHOSUM) DI PROVINSI JAWA TENGAH TENGAH (Magelang, Ungaran, Semarang) Pambudi, Kukuh Seto; Elfitasari, Tita; Basuki, Fajar
Journal of Aquaculture Management and Technology Volume 6, Nomor 3, Tahun 2017
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Abstract

Ikan arwana merupakan ikan hias yang memiliki nilai ekonomis tinggi tetapi dalam pemasarannya memiliki kendala. Kendala seperti informasi pasar, margin pemasaran yang terlalu tinggi  dan cara pemasaran yang menyebabkan saluran pemasaran tidak efisien. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis efisiensi saluran pemasaran ikan arwana dan juga margin pemasaran yang terjadi di Jawa Tengah dengan membandingkan hasil antara saluran satu dengan yang lain. Perumusan masalah berapa pendapatan yang diterima oleh pembudidaya, bagaimana sistem pemasaran yang ada, bagaimana efisiensi pemasaran Ikan arwana berdasarkan marjin pemasaran, bagian harga yang diterima produsen. Penelitian menggunakan metode wawancara. Pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan quesioner yang diberikan kepada para pembudidaya, pedagang pengumpul, pedagang pengecer. Beberapa tahapan untuk  pengolahan data dengan menghitung keuntungan dari pembudidaya, tengkulak, pengecer, dan membandingkannya sehingga diketahui saluran mana yang paling efisien. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa saluran pemasaran bagian yang diterima pembudidaya (farmer’s share) terbesar terdapat pada saluran pemasaran 4 yaitu sebesar 70% dikarenakan dari pembudidaya menjual langsung ke pengecer selanjutnya dijual kepada konsumen dan bisa dikatakan bahwa merupakan yang paling efisien. Rasio keuntungan terbesar berada pada saluran pemasaran 1 sebesar 724% dimana setiap Rp100 biaya yang dikeluarkan menghasilkan keuntungan sebesar Rp724. Margin pemasaran total pada saluran 4 mempunyai nilai paling kecil yaitu Rp30.000. Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil, saluran pemasaran yang dianggap efisien apabila harga dari produsen sampai kepada konsumen tidak terlalu tinggi atau wajar dan hal tersebut terjadi pada saluran pemasaran ke 4 dengan total margin pemasaran Rp70.000. Penelitian ini memiliki 4 saluran pemasaran yang kesemuanya memiliki rasio keuntungan terhadap biaya lebih tinggi daripada biaya margin terbesar diperoleh pada saluran pemasaran 3. Faktor yang mempengaruhi besar kecilnya farmer’s share  pada saluran pemasaran 4 adalah margin yang  rendah dan juga pendeknya saluran pemasaran. Arwana fish is an ornamental fish with an expensive price in a market but have a marketing problem. The problem  are marketing information, marketing margin, marketing ways  which cause problem in marketing efficiency. The purpose of this research is to analyze marketing  efficiency of Arwana fish and the marketing margin that occurs in the central java, with comparing outcome between one with other channels. Problem formulations are some opinions accepted by cultivators, how existing marketing system, how marketing efficiency of Arwana fish based on the marketing margin, price sections which are received by producers. This research use qualitative metod.  Collecting data used quesioners which have been distributed to fish farmers, merchants, collectors, retailers. Some stages are used to processing data with counting profit of cultivators, collectors, retailers and comparing it to analyze know the most efficient channel. Research outcome shows that the biggest precentage recieved by farmer from marketing channel (farmer’s share) is 70% on the 4th marketing channel, because cultivators directly sell it to retailers, then to consumer and it can be stated as the most efficient marketing channel. The biggest profit ratio is 724% on the 1st marketing channel where each cost IDR 100,- incurred produces profit IDR 724,-. Total marketing margin on the 4th channel has lowest value of IDR 30.000,-. The conclusion is that  marketing channel is efficient if price from producer to consumer is not too high or standard and this is on the 4th marketing channel with total marketing margin IDR 70.000,-. This research has 4 marketing channels which all of them have a profit ratio to higher cost than the biggest margin cost obtained on the 3rd marketing channel. Factors effecting high or low farmer’s share on 4th marketing channel are a low margin and short marketing channel.
Inventarisasi Bakteri yang Berpotensi sebagai Probiotik dari Usus Ikan Bandeng (Chanos chanos) Wardani, Briliani Ayu; Sari, Rohita; -, Sarjito
Journal of Aquaculture Management and Technology Vol 2, No 1 (2013) : Journal of Aquaculture Management and Technology
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Abstract

Abstrak Ikan bandeng tahan penyakit karena didalam tubuhnya terdapat bakteri yang berasosiasi membantu pencernaan untuk peningkatan kesehatan dan mencegah penyakit pada ikan bandeng. Mekanisme pertahanan terhadap penyakit diduga mampu menghambat bakteri pathogen. Kasus penyakit pada ikan bandeng selama ini jarang ditemukan, oleh karena itu ikan bandeng diduga mempunyai kemampuan immune system yang tinggi. Untuk mencari bakteri kandidat probiotik yaitu dengan cara skrining bakteri yang terdapat pada usus ikan bandeng untuk mendapatkan jenis-jenis bakteri yang dapat dikembangkan sebagai pembentukan konsorsium probiotik. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk menginventarisasi bakteri pada usus ikan bandeng yang berpotensi sebagai bakteri kandidat probiotik pada usus ikan bandeng (Chanos chanos). Metode yang digunakan adalah eksplorasi. Prosedur penelitian yaitu skrining bakteri yang berpotensi sebagai kandidat probiotik meliputi isolasi bakteri, pemurnian isolat, uji sensitivitas, isolat terpilih, uji morfologi dan biokimia. Uji morfologi yang dilakukan adalah pengamatan bentuk sel, warna koloni, dan bentuk koloni. Selanjutnya dilakukan uji biokimia yaitu uji gram, uji oksidatif-fermentatif, uji motilitas, uji aerob-anaerob, uji katalase, uji oksidase, dan uji gula. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari enam belas isolat bakteri, diperoleh empat isolat bakteri (JA1, JA3, JA4, dan JA7) berpotensi sebagai kandidat probiotik untuk dapat dikembangkan sebagai pembentukan konsorsium probiotik. Berdasarkan karakterisasi secara morfologi dan biokimia menunjukkan bahwa isolat JA1 memiliki kekerabatan terdekat dengan Lactobacillus fermentum (86%), isolat JA3 dengan Lactobacillus gasseri (91%), isolat JA4 dengan Lactobacillus delbrueckii (86%) dan isolat JA 7 dengan Micrococcus lylae (93%). Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa bakteri kandidat probiotik yang terdapat pada saluran pencernaan ikan bandeng (Chanos chanos) adalah Lactobacillus fermentum, Lactobacillus gasseri, Lactobacillus delbrueckii, dan Micrococcus lylae. Abstract Milkfish includes disease resistant fish this is due to gut microflora that maintain health and prevent milkfish from disease infection. Defense mechanism against disease is suspected to prevent pathogenic bacteria. The cases of the disease in milkfish have been rarely found, therefore milkfish thought to have high immune system ability shown by the presence of bacteria that potentially probiotic bacteria. To search the candidate probiotics that is by screening of bacteria found in the intestine of milkfish to obtain the types of bacteria that can be developed as the formation of probiotics consortium. The purpose of this research was to inventory the bacteria in the intestine of milkfish (Chanos chanos) that is potential as probiotic bacteria. The method used is exploration. Procedure of the research, includes the isolation of bacterial purification, test sensitivity, candidate probiotic isolate, morphological and biochemical tests. Tests were conducted morphological observation, ic, cell shape, colony color, and form colonies. Further biochemical tests are gram test, oxidative-fermentative test, motility test, aerobic-anaerobic test, catalase test, oxidase test, and test of sugar. The results showed that four (JA1, JA3, JA4, and JA7) of the sixteen isolates as probiotic candidate. The four isolates was potentially to develop the formation of probiotics consortium. Based on morphological and biochemical characterization showed that JA1, JA3, JA4, and JA7 isolates were closely related to Lactobacillus fermentum (86%), Lactobacillus gasseri (91%), Lactobacillus delbrueckii (86%) and Micrococcus lylae (93%) respectively. From this research it could be concluded that the candidate probiotic bacteria found in the intestine of milkfish (Chanos chanos) was Lactobacillus fermentum, Lactobacillus gasseri, Lactobacillus delbrueckii, and Micrococcus lylae.
PEMANFAATAN TEPUNG TELUR AYAM AFKIR DALAM PAKAN BUATAN YANG BERPROBIOTIK TERHADAP EFISIENSI PEMANFAATAN PAKAN, PERTUMBUHAN DAN KELULUSHIDUPAN LELE DUMBO (Clarias gariepinus) Nurmaslakhah, Azis; Suminto, - -; Rachmawati, Diana
Journal of Aquaculture Management and Technology Volume 6, Nomor 4, Tahun 2017
Publisher : Journal of Aquaculture Management and Technology

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Abstract

Ikan lele dumbo (Clarias gariepinus) merupakan ikan konsumsi air tawar yang banyak digemari oleh masyarakat. Tingginya harga pakan merupakan salah satu kendala dalam pengembangan budidaya ikan lele dumbo. Efisiensi pemanfaatan pakan masih rendah mengakibatkan biaya produksi pada pakan mencapai 60-70%. Hal ini dapat diatasi dengan penggunaan tepung telur ayam afkir yang mengandung nutrisi cukup tinggi dan mudah diperoleh dengan harga yang murah. Tepung telur ayam afkir mengandung protein kasar sebesar 54.14%, lemak kasar sebesar 22,44%, serat kasar sebesar 5,85%, abu sebesar 10,67% serta bahan ekstrak tanpa nitrogen (BETN) sebesar 6,90%. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh penambahan tepung telur ayam afkir sebagai pakan terhadap efisiensi pemanfaatan pakan, pertumbuhan dan kelulushidupan ikan lele dumbo (C. gariepinus). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 3 kali ulangan. Ikan uji yang digunakan berupa benih ikan lele dumbo (C. gariepinus) (bobot rerata 2.04±0.05 g) dengan kepadatan 1 ekor/L yang dipelihara selama 42 hari. Perlakuan yang digunakan yaitu Perlakuan A (0% tepung telur ayam afkir), perlakuan B (15% tepung telur ayam afkir), perlakuan C (30% tepung telur ayam afkir), perlakuan D (45% tepung telur ayam afkir). Variabel data yang diukur meliputi TKP, EPP, FCR, RGR, SR dan kualitas air. Hasil penelitian penambahan tepung telur ayam afkir pada pakan buatan berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap TKP, EPP, FCR, PER, RGR dan tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap SR. Perlakuan C memberikan nilai tertinggi pada TKP sebesar 156,84 gram, EPP sebesar 83,13%, FCR 1,16, PER sebesar 2,45% dan RGR sebesar 7,65%/hari. Kualitas air pada media pemeliharaan terdapat pada kisaran yang layak untuk pemeliharaan ikan uji. Dumbo catfish (Clarias gariepinus) is the consumption of freshwater fish are much favored by many people. The high price of feed is one of the constraints in the development of fish farming clarias gariepinus. The efficiency of feed utilization is still low result in production costs on feed reach 60-70%. This can be overcome by the use of chicken eggs rejects flour containing high nutrients and easily obtained at low prices. Chicken eggs rejects flour protein rough of 54.14%, 22.44% of rough fat, coarse fiber of 5.85%, ashes of 10.67% and extract without nitrogen (BETN) of 6.90%. The purpose of this research is to know the influence of the addition of chicken eggs rejects flour as fodder against the efficiency of feed utilization, growth and survival rate the dumbo catfish (C. gariepinus). This research was used experimental methods using a completed randomized design (RAL) with 4 treatments and three replicates. The fish test is used in the form of the seed fish of dumbo catfish (C. gariepinus) (weighted average 2.04 ± 0.05 g) with a density of 1 head/L observed during 42 days. The treatments used, namely Treatment A (0% chicken eggs rejects flour), treatment B (15% chicken eggs rejects flour), treatment C (30% chicken eggs rejects flour), treatment (45% chicken eggs rejects flour). The variables include scene,TFC, FUE, FCR, PER, RGR, SR, and water quality. The results showed that the addition of chicken eggs reject flour in artificial feed gave significant effect (P < 0.05) on TFC, FUE, FCR, PER and RGR and had no effect (P > 0.05) on SR. C Treatment gave the highest value on the TFC of 156,84 grams ,FUE of 83.13%, FCR of 1,16, PER of 2,45%, and RGR of 7,65%/day. Water quality of media contained in a decent range for maintenance of the Dumbo catfish culture
Analisa Ketahanan Tubuh Benih Hibrida Nila Larasati (Oreochromis niloticus) Generasi 5 (F5) Yang Di Infeksi Bakteri Streptococcus agalactiae Dengan Konsentrasi Berbeda Santoso, Beny Budi; Basuki, Fajar; Hastuti, Sri
Journal of Aquaculture Management and Technology Vol 2, No 3 (2013) : Journal of Aquaculture Management and Technology
Publisher : Journal of Aquaculture Management and Technology

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Abstract

Seed quality can be increased by fish genetic amelioration. Good quality seed is characterized by its immunity from diseases. Nila Larasaty (O. niloticus) Hybrid F5 is ameliorated genetic product of cross breeding between Nila Gift F5 female and Nila Singapore F5 male. This research aims to know Nila Larasati F5 Hybrid’s immunity system infected by S. agalactiae. Completely randomized design (RAL) is applicated on the research with 3 treatments and 3 repetitions, which treatments are: A (105 CFU/ml bacteria); B (107 CFU/ml bacteria) and C (109 CFU/ml bacteria). This research done in 35 days started from September until October 2012 at 2nd Class of BKIPM, Semarang Examined variabels are erythrocyte, leucocyte, hemoglobin, trombocyte, hematocrite, blood glucose, and survival rate. The result shows that erythrocyte highest on treatment C (1,87±0,19x106 sel/mm3); leucocyte highest on B (126,53±13,36 x103sel/mm3); hemoglobin on C (8,43±0,40 g/dl); trombocyte on B (50,33±45,72x103sel/mm3); hematocrite on C (9,20±1,71%); blood glucose on A (57,07±23,10 mg/dl); and survival rate highest on A (97,22±4,81%). Water quality parameters checked i.e DO (Dissolved Oxigen) 0,8 – 1,4 mg/l; pH 7,7 – 7,9; tempeature 28 – 28,3°C and ammonia 0,173 – 0,215 mg/l. Also the result shows that infection by S. agalactiae with different concentration has no significant effect (P>0,05) on seed of Nila Larasati F5 hybrid’s immunity system.
PERFORMA PRODUKSI IKAN LELE (Clarias gariepinus) YANG DIPELIHARA DALAM SISTEM BUDIDAYA BERBEDA Primaningtyas, Aisya Widya; Hastuti, Sri; Subandiyono, -
Journal of Aquaculture Management and Technology Volume 4, Nomor 4, Tahun 2015
Publisher : Journal of Aquaculture Management and Technology

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Abstract

Optimalisasi kualitas media budidaya ikan lele (Clarias gariepinus) perlu dipertahankan melalui penerapan berbagai sistem budidaya agar performa produksinya meningkat.  Penerapan sistem budidaya tersebut, selain dengan penggantian air dapat diwujudkan dengan penerapan sistem sirkulasi dan resirkulasi.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji berbagai sistem budidaya pada proses produksi ikan lele (C. gariepinus).  Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 3 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan.  Perlakuan tersebut adalah: perlakuan A, B, C, yaitu ikan lele yang masing-masing dipelihara dalam wadah dengan menerapkan sistem penggantian air, sirkulasi, dan resirkulasi.  Ikan uji dengan bobot awal 1,79±1,19 g  dipelihara dalam akuarium berkapasitas 50 l dengan kepadatan 1 ekor/liter selama 70 hari.  Ikan diberi pakan dua kali sehari, yaitu pada pagi dan sore hari, dengan menerapkan metode at satiation.  Pengukuran kualitas media pemeliharaan yang meliputi kandungan oksigen terlarut (DO), suhu, pH, dan turbidity dilakukan setiap sore hari sebelum ikan diberi pakan.  Total Amonia Nitrogen (TAN) diukur dua kali, pada pertengahan dan akhir penelitian.  Berdasarkan pada uji ANOVA menunjukkan adanya pengaruh yang nyata (p<0,05) dari perlakuan terhadap nilai, tingkat konsumsi pakan (TKP), efisiensi pemanfaatan pakan (EPP), protein efficiency ratio (PER), laju pertumbuhan relatif (RGR), dan produksi biomassa, namun tidak berpengaruh nyata (p>0,05) terhadap nilai kelulushidupan (SR).  Perlakuan C memiliki nilai EPP, PER, RGR dan produksi biomassa tertinggi (p<0,05), yaitu masing-masing sebesar 173,31±39,15%; 5,42±1,22; 78,22±16,03%/hari; dan 2.560,71±364,50 g.  Secara umum, kandungan DO, suhu, pH, turbidity, dan NH3 selama pemeliharaan berada pada kisaran kadar layak untuk kehidupan ikan lele.  Berdasarkan pada nilai performa biologis serta kualitas media pemeliharaan, disimpulkan bahwa dengan menerapkan sistem resirkulasi dapat meningkatkan performa produksi ikan lele (C. gariepinus).   Optimization of media qualities in catfish culture (Clarias gariepinus) required to be maintained through the application of various aquaculture systems, so that the production performance could be optimized.  Besided by water exchange, the implementation of aquaculture systems could be applied either through the circulation or recirculation managements.  This study aimed to assess various aquaculture systems on the production process of catfish (C. gariepinus).  The experimental design used was a completely randomized design with 3 treatments and 3 replicates.  Those treatments were treatment A, B, and C, that were trial fishes rared in a container with water exchange, circulation, and recirculation aquaculture systems, respectively.  Trial fish with the initial body weights of 1,79±1,19 g was reared for 70 days in 50 l-aquaria with the density of 1 fish/l.  The fish was fed twice a day in the morning and afternoon by applying at satiation method.  Dissolved oxygen (DO), temperature, pH, and turbidity were measured in every afternoon before feeding.  Ammonia (NH3) was measured twice in the middle and in the end of the experiment.  Based on the ANOVA analyzed, it showed that the treatments affected significantly (p<0,05) on the value of Food Consumption (FC), Food Conversion Efficiency (FCE), Protein Efficiency Ratio (PER), Relative Growth Rate (RGR), and the biomass production, but didn’t affected significantly (p>0,05) on the value of SR.  Treatment C resulted on the highest value (p<0,05) of FCE, PER, RGR, and biomass production.  In general, the values of DO, temperature, pH, turbidity, and ammonia during the experiment were suitable for the catfish’s life.  Based on the values of biological performances and rearing media waterqualities, those could be concluded that application of aquaculture recirculation system was enable to improve the production performance of the catfish (C. gariepinus).

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