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INDONESIA
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI adalah jurnal yang diterbitkan oleh Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro untuk mempublikasikan karya ilmiah - karya ilmiah mahasiswa Program S1 Teknik Kimia Undip.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 178 Documents
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PEMBUATAN SERBUK DAUN CINCAU HIJAU RAMBAT “CYCLEA BARBATA L.MIERS”MENGGUNAKAN PROSES MASERASI DAN FOAM MAT DRYING Rista Rahayu; Etna Mayasari Taslim; Sumarno Sumarno
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 4, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

Cincau including native plant from indonesia.and has another name, such as Camcao. camcao types used in this study are get fromCyclea L. barbata Miers. Green cincau is rich in carbohydrates, polyphenols,saponins,and fat.and calcium, phosphorus, vitamin A an B. The main components of axtracts of green cincau gel forming polysaccharide pectin is a low metoksi. Pectin is a gelling hydrocolloid group that has the potential tobe used as gelatin or agar-agar. To produce the green cincau into powder should be developed technologyMeserasi and Foam Mat Drying.maceration is a simple screening process in chemical compounds by soaking the leaves green cincau at room temperature using a solvent distilled water. So that the material becomes soft and soluble. Leaves greeen cincau marinated with distilled water was filtered with filter paper to get maserate. Maserate release of solvent by evaporation of the foam dryin. The drying of materials previously used gel foam prior to adding foam agent.foam ha a requirement for feasibility to be astablished. It must be added surfactans or foam agent or stabilizers in continue phase. Foam stabilizere serves to maintain the consistency foam so that the foam drying process will be quick and materials are not damaged by heating. The purpous of this study was to determine the amount of pectin contented in the green cincau. As you well, pectin is one component that serves food to adhesive can foam gel.it possible to make cincau to be agar-agar powder. And the benefits of this method is to obtained green cincau powder that can be used so that the people is can use more efficient and easier. The experimens where conducted by mixing green cincau and solven (aquqdes) with mass ratio 10, 15, 20 so change become gelling. After that drying with temperature 40, and 50 0C used emulsi fier (10,15,20 %w). The result showd that the ratio of mass is the most in fluential variable. Optimum conditions optained by ratio of mass 15, emulsi fier 20, and temperature 40 0C.
PEMBUATAN BAHAN BAKAR CAIR DARI TREMBOSO (SISA SADAPAN LATEKS) MENGGUNAKAN KATALIS ZEOLIT MODERNITE Dian Cahyaningrum; Nerfiana Fradevi; Didi Dwi Anggoro
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 1, Nomor 1, Tahun 2012
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

Modernite very well used as an acid catalyst for the cracking process, to get a good acid levels can be modified catalyst by dealumination process. Dealumination will provide a ratio of Si / Al higher which can provide the catalyst selectivity and activity of catalysts are higher and more stable than modernite the ratio of Si / Al 20. In this study, using raw materials such as used cooking oil and zeolite catalysts modernite types. In an influential study variable, didapaatkan equations for liquid products is Y = -120.858 + 4.869 + 1.473 X1 + X2 + X3 59.183 0.043 X1X2 - X1X3 0.733 - 0.320 X2X3 - X1 0.324 2 to 0.008 X22 - X32 6.075. As for the product gas mathematical equation is Y = 122.3022 + 1.5447 X1 - 0.8713 X2 + X3 + 55.8804 0.0357 X1X2 - 0.8281 X1X3 - X2X3 0.0547 - 0.0643 X12 + 0, 10.7038 + 0076 X22 X32, the Y is the yield resulting product, X1 is a dealumination, X2 is the operating temperature, and X3 is the concentration. Optimal conditions maximizing the type contained in the concentration versus time relationship, with a time of 8 hours and a concentration dealumination 3 N for liquid products, while for the product gas at 8 hours with an operating temperature of 50 ° C.
MODIFIKASI PATI TAPIOKA MENGGUNAKAN KOMPONEN AKTIF MINYAK JAHE Aditya Indra; Galih adi Wibowo; Diah Susetyo Retnowati
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 2, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

Starch atau pati merupakan polisakarida hasil sintesis dari tanaman hijau melalui proses fotosintesis. Pati digunakan sebagai pengental dan penstabil dalam makanan. Pati alami memiliki swelling power, kelarutan dan derajat cross-link yang rendah. Modifikasi kimia dengan menggunakan minyak jahe yang mengandung gingerol, senyawa phenolik, akan memperbaiki sifat-sifat fisik pati dengan terbentuknya cross-linked. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh rasio berat pati terhadap volume air dan volume minyak jahe terhadap nilai swelling power dan kelarutan. Pati dengan berat 300 gr dimasukan ke dalam larutan air-minyak jahe dengan rasio berat/volume tertentu kemudian diaduk dengan magnetic stirer selama 30 menit. Kemudian, dikeringkan pada temperatur 50oC selama 24 jam, digiling untuk memperoleh serbuk pati yang halus. Pati hasil penggilingan ini disebut pati termodifikasi. Pati termodifikasi yang dihasilkan mempunyai swelling power (6,1-19,6) dan kelarutan (6.06-10,55%) lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan pati alami yang swelling power dan kelarutan masing-masing 8,7 dan 3,4%.
PEMBUATAN BIODIESEL DARI MINYAK BIJI KAPOK DENGAN PROSES ESTERIFIKASI TRANSESTERIFIKASI Nixon Poltak Frederic; H. Diyono Ikhsan
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 2, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

The application of kapok seed oil, directly for diesel fuel is still facing a problem. The problem is mainlydue to the kapok seed oil has very high viscosity compared with petroleum diesel. To solve that problem weneed to convert the kapok seed oil into methyl ester by esterification transesterification reaction withcatalyst. Steps being taken to obtain the methyl esters by reaction of kapok seed oil and methanol catalyzedby KOH with the addition of methanol variation of 70 ml, 80 ml, 90 ml, 100 ml, 110 ml in the first reaction(esterification) and the second reaction (transesterification) of 50 ml, 40 ml, 30 ml, 20 ml, 10 ml. Then itsvariable temperature of 40 0C, 50 0C, 50 0C, 60 0C, 70 0C, 80 0C in the first reaction (esterification), and thetemperature of the room on the second reaction (transesterification). And in its time variable 30 minutes, 45minutes, 60 minutes, 60 minutes, 75 minutes, 90 minutes in the second reaction. From the results of ourcalculations, the highest biodiesel conversion in the esterification reaction (Trans I) reached 93.95% at areaction time of 90 minutes, the amount of 110ml methanol and the reaction temperature of 80 0C. Thenproceed with the process of transesterification (Trans II) at a temperature of 30 0C, obtained the highestconversion of 97.22%, the reaction time of 90 minutes and the amount of 50ml methanol. And already meetsthe biodiesel specification according to ISO-04-7182-2006 conversion of the resulting biodiesel is aminimum of 96.5%. From this study it can be concluded, esterification process kapok kapok seed oiltransesterification able to produce biodiesel, the greater the reaction temperature the conversion of theresulting ester is greater.
SINTESA KATALIS SUPER ASAM SO42-/ ZnO UNTUK PRODUKSI BIODIESEL DARI MINYAK KELAPA SAWIT Inshani Utami; Roikhatus Solikhah; I. Istadi
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 1, Nomor 1, Tahun 2012
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

The issue of energy is a global issue that must be discussed by all countries in the world. Rising oil prices and a dwindling supply push every country to develop new renewable energy alternatives. One of this alternative energy is biodiesel. The biodiesel production can be done by using vegetable oil as the raw material over supported homogeneous catalyst, heterogeneous catalyst and enzymatic catalyst. In this study the use of palm oil as the main material to be reacted with methanol and the catalyst used as heterogeneous catalysts SO42-/ZnO by changing variables used are long reaction times (1, 2.5 and 4 hours) and the weight ratio of catalyst / oil (4 , 6, and 8).The studybeganwith thepreparation of catalyst SO42-/ZnO followed by aransesterification reaction between palm oil with methanol. The resultsofthis studyshowed that the super acid catalyst SO42-/ZnOcan be usedin making biodiesel.Optimum operatingcondition for this catalytic reaction is the weight ratio of catalyst/oil 3,8 during 2,5 hours with 78%  yield of the resulting ester metal.Longer time ofthe transesterificationreaction, the higher the % yield ofthe resulting ester metal, while adding more catalyst produced the lower theyield.
OPTIMASI PROSES PEMBUATAN BIODIESEL BERBANTUKAN GELOMBANG ULTRASONIK DARI BLENDING MINYAK KELAPA SAWIT (CRUDE PALM OIL) DAN MINYAK JARAK (JATROPHA CURCAS OIL) Aji Baharsyah; S Supriyandi; Hantoro Satriadi; W Widayat
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 3, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

Limitations of diesel which is a non-renewable energy sources, requires alternative fuels to renewable and environmentally friendly, for example is biodiesel. The main reaction is the production of biodiesel esterification and transesterification, but these conventional reactions are slow, requires a lot of alcohol and a catalyst, the reaction has not been perfect, and the products do not meet SNI and ASTM standards. In this research, mixing castor oil and palm oil as biodiesel feedstock, but it aims to obtain the optimum conditions for the blending ratio variable mass castor and palm oil, the amount of catalyst to oil, and the mole ratio of methanol-oil with helped by ultrasonic waves. The resulting biodiesel product is expected to meet SNI and ASTM standards. The main tool used is the ultrasonic cleaner. Variable that is the ratio of the mass of castor oil and palm 1:1, 2:1, and 3:1, the amount of catalyst KOH 1%, 1.5%, and 2% by mass of oil, and methanol-oil mole ratio 3:1, 6 : 1, and 9:1. The results obtained highest conversion achieved in the mass ratio 2:1 castor oil and palm oil, catalyst 1.5% by mass of oil, and the mole ratio of 6:1 with a mixture of methanol-conversion 95.341% where diesel fuel product meets SNI and ASTM standards.
PENGARUH SUHU DAN LAJU ALIR UDARA PENGERING PADA PENGERINGAN KARAGINAN MENGGUNAKAN TEKNOLOGI SPRAY DRYER Ruben Tinosa Dwika; Trisna Ceningsih; Setia Budi Sasongko
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 1, Nomor 1, Tahun 2012
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

Carrageenan, as one of the treatment of seaweed, is very important role in food and beverage industry, pharmaceuticals, and others. The low quality of carrageenan in the state due to the less accurate drying system which is used as the final materials handling unit (finishing product). The method of spray dryer is drying the liquid by contacting the liquid droplets in the opposite direction or the direction of hot air. Humidity can be reduced by passing the air in the adsorbent column that will absorb moisture in it before entering the furnace room. Carrageenan with a spray drying process using zeolite as an absorbent of moisture is an alternative option to achieve an effective hot air. Variable used in this research was the temperature change of air for drying (70°C, 80oC, 90oC, 100oC) and a flow rate of air dryers (11 m / sec, 12 m / sec, 13 m / sec, 14 m / sec). The results showed that water content carrageenan products affected by temperature and air velocity dryer into the column. Carrageenan results with the lowest water content of 11.19% is achieved on the process conditions with a temperature of 100oC column with drying air velocity 14 m / sec. In addition, the heat transfer process (based on temperature) is more affected than the mass transfer processes of momentum transfer (based on drying air flow rate). As well, the efficiency of the drying process the product increases with increasing drying temperature and air velocity. The efficiency of the drying process the product for 83.33% carrageenan obtained at 100oC temperature conditions and the drying air velocity 14 m/sec.
TEKNOLOGI ULTRAFILTRASI UNTUK PENGOLAHAN AIR TERPRODUKSI (PRODUCED WATER) Henny Ikka Safitri; Fella Ryanitha A.; Nita Aryanti
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 4, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

Produced water generated from crude oil exploitation contains compounds such as BTEX, ammonia, phenol, and mercury that are dangerous for human health and environment. Some technologies have been applied for produced water treatment such as biological wastewater treatment with microorganism, coagulation and flocculation. In this research, produced water was treated using ultrafiltration membrane. Specifically this research is aimed to obtain characteristic of produced water and ultrafiltration membrane (functional groups in membrane), to determine the membrane performance (flux and rejection) and the effect of ultrafiltration on the final characteristic of produced water. Characterization of produced water showed that the COD, TOC, toluene, and xylene content exceed the minimum values of wastewater quality standards for oil, gas, and geothermal activities. Membrane analysis using SEM showed the polyethersulfone membrane having an asymetric membrane structure. FTIR analysis showed there were aromatic components of SO2, PVP, and OH stretching group in the membrane. In variation of pressure, the permeate flux of PES decrease 2,5% for 1 bar, and 59% for 2 bar. In addition, PES can reject 96,8% COD, 99,9% TOC, 83% toluene, and 94,6% xylene. This research demonstrated that ultrafiltration was capable for produced water treatment since the effluent can meet the government quality standards of water disposal for COD and TOC contents
PENGARUH JENIS AGEN PENGENDAP ALAMI TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK TAHU Amelia Maharani; Dessy Kurniawati; Nita Aryanti
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 1, Nomor 1, Tahun 2012
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

Tofu is a popular soy processed food in Indonesia. The tofu made processing has done by the making ofusing sintetic coagulants. But general coagulant has some lacts which can influence the quality of tofu.Meanwhile the selection of natiral components as natural coagulant of tofu in Indonesia production itselfhave not been used. That is way in this research, the making of tofu will be done by using averrhoabilumbi, citrus acid, and chitosan as natural coagulants. It surrounds some steps that is coagulantspreparation, measurement of acidity of coagulants, preparation of soymilk, until preparation of tofu. Theproximate analysis of tofu is yield of tofu analysis, crude protein analysis and moisture content analysis.This research show that the use of comersiil coagulants (CaSO4) results lower yield than naturalcoagulants. The effects of additon of natural coagulants in making process of tofu, which naturalcoagulants each other has positive effects and negative effects itself, but generally the use of naturalcoagulants has positive effects than comersiil coagulants CaSO4. In next research it will be better to doanalysis of parameter of tofu texture besides hardness, they are cohessiveness, springiness, andchewiness to get more complete discussion. It need too add the other variable in knowing the effects ofthe quality of tofu like pH, temperature, mixing speed, coagulation time and many more.
STUDI KINETIKA PENGERINGAN BUNGA ROSELLA (Hibiscus Sabdariffa) MENGGUNAKAN PENGERING RAK UDARA RESIRKULASI Rustam Santiko Nugroho; S Suherman
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 2, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

This study was performed to determine the most appropriate thin layer drying model and the effective moisture diffusivity of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) using recirculated tray dryer. Rosella dried using recirculated tray dryer at temperatures of 40, 50 and 60ºC. The drying data were fitted to eleven thin layer models and a thin layer model for the roselle calyx was developed by regressing the coefficients of the best fit model. The newton model was most adequate model for describing the thin layer drying kinetics of the roselle calyx. The drying constant was found to vary linearly with temperature. Also, effective diffusivity was evaluated by using Fick’s second law, which varied from 1.405 x 10-10 to 2.283 x 10-10 m2/s. The dependence of moisture diffusivity on temperature was described by Arrhenius type equation. The activation energy for moisture diffusion during drying was 21.02 kJ/gmol.

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