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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 63 Documents
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Search results for , issue "vol. 22 no. 12 (2021)" : 63 Documents clear
Biochemical identification and molecular characterization of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from street foods and drinks in Yogyakarta, Indonesia using 16S rRNA gene: - Tri Yahya Budiarso; Charis Amarantini; Suhendra Pakpahan
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 12 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221228

Abstract

Abstract. Budiarso TY, Amarantini C, Pakpahan S. 2021. Biochemical identification and molecular characterization of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from street foods and drinks in Yogyakarta, Indonesia using 16S rRNA gene. Biodiversitas 22: 5452-5458. Yogyakarta is best known as a student city in Indonesia. However, the fact that students spend almost full day in the school gave rise to the sale of a great variety of foods and drinks in its surrounding streets. Unfortunately, most street vendors do not pay attention to food hygiene. This study aims to identify the biochemical and molecular isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from street foods and drinks in Yogyakarta using 16S rRNA gene. Data were collected from 120 samples of street foods and drinks sold at schools and several public places. The samples were enumerated using CCA medium to isolate suspected Klebsiella spp. colonies, then physiologically screened and identified using the API-20E kit. Positive isolates were isolated and amplified using the 16S rRNA gene marker for sequencing, which was then compared with the GenBank database to establish molecular identity. The results of biochemical identification obtained 11 isolates confirmed as K. pneumoniae and 1 isolate as K. oxytoca. The phylogenetic analysis showed that only 10 isolates were determined as K. pneumoniae with the reference sequences of K. pneumoniae from infected patients' respiratory and urinary tract. Furthermore, 2 isolates identified as Citrobacter sp. and Micrococcus sp., which are contaminated with Klebsiella spp. were highly found in street foods and drinks. Therefore, hygiene and sanitation need to be implemented when processing and serving these foods.
Comparing ethnobotanical knowledge of medicinal plants between community health workers and local experts in the “Mata da Paraíba” zone, northeastern Brazil ANNE CAROLINE PAIVA MAIA; EZEQUIEL DA COSTA FERREIRA; CAMILLA MARQUES DE LUCENA; ANDRÉ DOS SANTOS SOUZA; DENISE DIAS DA CRUZ; REINALDO FARIAS PAIVA DE LUCENA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 12 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221257

Abstract

Abstract. Paiva Maia AC, da Costa Ferreira E, Marques de Lucena C, dos Santos Souza A, Dias da Cruz D, Paiva de Lucena RF. 2021. Comparing ethnobotanical knowledge of medicinal plants between community health workers and local experts in the “Mata da Paraíba” zone, northeastern Brazil. Biodiversitas 22: 5606-5616. The use of medicinal plants is an old practice in a society that has been transmitted to this day, with local experts recognized in many communities and being encouraged through public policies. In Brazil, Community Health Agents (CHWs) can be important for the dissemination of this practice, due to their work with the Health System and the community. This study aimed to compare the knowledge of medicinal plants between CHWs and local experts in the community of Timbó, the municipality of Jacaraú (Paraíba, northeastern Brazil). Semi-structured interviews were conducted addressing local names of plants, their indications, parts used, and preparation methods. The data on the species local importance were analyzed through the use value (UV) and relative importance (RI) methods. Local experts cited more species than CHWs. There was great local importance of some species both among local specialists and among CHWs. However, some species were highlighted exclusively among local specialists. Decoction and infusion stood out among the preparation methods and leaf, flower, and seed were the most prominent parts used. The diseases treated with plants are mainly related to the respiratory and digestive systems. Our findings show a correspondence between the CHWs’ knowledge and local experts’ knowledge, which leads us to believe that experts and CHWs may be sharing the same local knowledge in the study community.
Arthropods discovered in lower and upper pitchers of Nepenthes at Rampa-Sitahuis Hill, North Sumatra, Indonesia MHD. RAFI’I MA’ARIF TARIGAN; ALOYSIUS DURAN COREBIMA; SITI ZUBAIDAH; FATCHUR ROHMAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 12 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221217

Abstract

Abstract. Tarigan MRM, Corebima AD, Zubaidah S, Rohman F. 2021. Arthropods discovered in lower and upper pitchers of Nepenthes at Rampa-Sitahuis Hill, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 5358-5366. This research aimed to identify the families of arthropods trapped in the upper and lower pitchers of Nepenthes in Rampa Sitahuis Hill Area, North Sumatra, Indonesia. This descriptive qualitative research used an experimental method of data analysis. The arthropods were obtained from the upper and lower pitchers of N. rafflesiana, N. gracilis, N. eustachya, N. ampullaria, and N. sumatrana. Consequently, ten families of arthropods, namely Culicidae, Formicidae, Araneidae, Calliphoridae, Rhyparochromidae, Salticidae, Curculionidae, Blattellidae, Coccinellidae, and Tridactylidae were identified. Culicidae and Formicidae were the most abundant arthropods trapped in Nepenthes’ lower and upper pitchers because Nepenthes functioned as a microhabitat and breeding ground for Culicidae (adult mosquitoes) and Formicidae (ant larvae). Thus, these species established a mutualistic symbiosis in which ants used the tendrils of Nepenthes to lay their eggs and collected nectar generated by the honey glands, while the egg-laying process aids in the pitcher’s breakdown process.
Morphological diversity of culturable cyanobacteria from habitats in Segara Anakan, Central Java, Indonesia SITI GIA SYAUQIYAH FITRI; SUTARNO SUTARNO; HERU SASONGKO; HASBIYAN ROSYADI; MEI RATNASARI; SAFIRA CHAIRUNISA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 12 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221258

Abstract

Abstract. Fitri SGS, Sutarno, Sasongko H, Rosyadi H, Ratnasari M, Chairunisa S. . 2021. Morphological diversity of culturable cyanobacteria from habitats in Segara Anakan, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 5617-5626. Cyanobacteria are Gram-negative bacteria that can undertake oxygenic photosynthesis. This ancient group of microorganisms is ubiquitous, occurs in freshwater, marine, cold, hot, and terrestrial habitats. Can survive on a minimum requirement of light, carbon dioxide (CO2), and water, and able to fix the atmospheric N2 are among of their unique characteristics. These have collectively offered these bio-agents as the precious bio-resource for sustainable development. A variety of cyanobacterial strains promise further advances in biotechnology, including as an alternative source of energy. Before its final use, cyanobacteria undergo several necessary bioprocesses, including strain isolation and selection. This study aims to isolate and identify culturable-cyanobacteria from several habitats in Segara Anakan, Cilacap, Indonesia. The current study is an outset step to obtain potential and suitable agents for biofuel production. Morphological identification using light microscopy showed that cyanobacteria found in samples from different habitats varied. There are 39 cyanobacterial isolates obtained from freshwater, brackish water, and rhizosphere-mangrove soil habitats. Some cyanobacteria are unicellular (Order Chroococcales, Synechococcales, Pleurocapcales), the others are filamentous cyanobacteria (Order Oscillatoriales). These cyanobacteria grow well on BG-11 media. Numerous re-streakings on fresh medium and treatments of ampicillin and nystatin as antibiotic and antifungal, respectively, were carried out to obtain pure cultures. The classification of cultured cyanobacteria has been problematic and complicated. The polyphasic approach was applied to justify the taxonomic classification of the isolates. It is a combination of different methods based on modern molecular, cytomorphological, and ecological methods.
Effect of legume varieties and fermentation time of tempe using usar inoculum on the inhibitory activity of angiotensin I-converting enzyme Retno Indrati; Marta T. Handayani; Novia Aristi Rahayu; Suci Apsari Pebrianti
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 12 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221204

Abstract

Abstract. Indrati R, Handayani MT, Rahayu NA, Pebrianti SA. 2021. Effect of legume varieties and fermentation time of tempe using usar inoculum on the inhibitory activity of angiotensin I-converting enzyme. Biodiversitas 22: 5262-5267. The effect of three varieties of legumes, namely, velvet bean (Mucuna prurient), lima bean (Phasaelus lunatus L.), and pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan), on the activity of angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors was studied during tempe fermentation. Fermentation is one way to produce bioactive peptides. Furthermore, the effect of inoculum usar on tempe fermentation was studied. Hydrophobic amino acids are essential in binding firmly to the active site of ACE, and the research showed that pigeon pea had higher levels of hydrophobic amino acids compared with soybeans. The legumes affected the protease activity, peptide content, degree of hydrolysis, and production of ACE inhibitory (ACEI) activity during tempe fermentation. High protein levels and peptide content did not guarantee a high ACE inhibitor level. The mixed culture of usar caused no effect on the production of ACE inhibitors compared with a single culture of Raprima. Legume beans that reached optimal fermentation fast produced high levels of ACE inhibitors. Of the three types of legumes tested in the study, lima beans had the highest ACEI activity during fermentation.
Growth prediction of sago palm (Metroxylon sagu) in Thailand using the Linear Mixed-effect model Malimas Jariyapong; Saowalak Roongtawanreongsri; Arisara Romyen; Buncha Somboonsuke
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 12 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221209

Abstract

Abstract. Jariyapong M, Roongtawanreongsri S, Romyen A. Somboonsuke B, 2021. Growth prediction of sago palm (Metroxilon sagu) in Thailand using the Linear Mixed-effect model. Biodiversitas 22: 5293-5301. A living sago palm is a potential resource for carbon sequestration in peat swamp. It can provide benefits for agriculturists and environmental sustainability. This study’s aim is to create a growth prediction of sago palm size at individual ages using a linear mixed-effect model. The sample palms were selected from 43 sago palm parents which have been re-measured and recorded at intervals of 2-20 years. The experimental plot was on deep peat soil (with peat depth at over 2.5 m) at Phru Todaeng Swamp Forest, Southern Thailand. To find the best model for growth prediction, we used a traditional linear model (Model 1 and 4) and linear mixed-effect models (Model 2, 3, 5 and 6) to generate the relationship between age, diameter, and height. The best model was selected based on considering the smallest Akaike’s Information Criteria (AIC), the Bayes Information Criteria (BIC), and the absolute mean error (AME). The results showed the smallest values of AIC, BIC, and AME in Model 3 which produced the best model for predicting the total overall growth in sago palm. The age and diameter under the independent variable were statistically significant (? = 0.01); these two factors influenced the sago palm height rate. Hence, this model can be used to predict the overall growth of sago palms, which is useful for biomass estimation and calculating the carbon sequestration of planted sago palms. The carbon sequestration in living sago palm can be compared with other commercial crops for future benefit. This approach can lead to a future solution for wetland management and land-use changes.
Population of white shrimp (Penaeus merguiensis) in a mangrove ecosystem, Belawan, North Sumatra, Indonesia Indah Widiani; Ternala Alexander Barus; Hesti Wahyuningsih
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 12 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221218

Abstract

Abstract. Widiani I, Barus TA, Wahyuningsih H. 2021. Population of white shrimp (Penaeus merguiensis) in a mangrove ecosystem, Belawan, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 5367-5374. White shrimp (Penaeus merguiensis De Man) is an essential fishery commodity with high economic and ecological value in the coastal area of North Sumatra. The main objective of this study was to determine the density of white shrimp in each harvesting area and to evaluate the current physicochemical factors in the Belawan mangrove ecosystem, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Four sampling sites were chosen as study areas. White shrimps were caught using ambai nets with a dimension of 4.5×4.5 m in width and 17 m in length placed from 4:00 - 7:00 PM. Measurement of physicochemical characteristics of sampling sites was conducted in situ and in the laboratory. Based on our study, the highest shrimp density was documented in the fishpond area (station 1) (89 ind/m2), while the lowest density was from the mangrove ecosystem area (station 2) (28 ind/m2). Based on the length class, the population of white shrimps was dominated by 16-18 mm shrimps. The gonad maturity level of the white shrimp population was classified into level 1 (The absence of thin-to-thick threads along the dorsal lining indicated the lowest gonad maturity level). White shrimps exhibited negative allometry in growth with a clumped pattern in population dispersion within the study area. The physicochemical parameters in four sampling sites, such as phosphorus content (P), and nitrate (NO3), exceeded the standard national quality set by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry.
A seed morphometry study of selected species of Bulbophyllum and Dendrobium (Orchidaceae) in relation to their dispersals POPI APRILIANTI; ELIZABETH HANDINI; DWI MURTI PUSPITANINGTYAS
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 12 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221241

Abstract

Abstract. Aprilianti P, Handini E, Puspitaningtyas DM. 2021. A seed morphometry study of selected species of Bulbophyllum and Dendrobium (Orchidaceae) in relation to their dispersals. Biodiversitas 22: 5564-5571. Bulbophyllum and Dendrobium are the two largest genera of Orchidaceae. The seed morphometry studies of Bulbophyllum and Dendrobium, mainly from Southeast Asia are still poorly reported. The research aimed to characterize seeds micromorphometry of selected species of Bulbophyllum and Dendrobium, namely Bulbophyllum graveolens, B. macranthum, B. phalaenopsis, Dendrobium bicaudatum, and D. bifalce in relation to their dispersal mechanisms. Twenty seeds of each species were studied using light and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Qualitative characters, such as seed shape, testa cell shape, wall structure, and its orientation and quantitative data, such as seed and embryo were analyzed. The results showed that the shape of the seeds of all the species was fusiform. The testa cell walls were smooth and covered by waxes. The anticlinal walls were raised and thickened. Bulbophyllum and Dendrobium can be differentiated in the orientation of testa cells, which is spirally oriented in Bulbophyllum and parallel to the long axis in the Dendrobium. There are no large variations in seed and embryo volume as well as seed air space (SAS) in different taxa. The SAS value can be used to predict the dispersal mechanism and distribution area of the orchid species. Unfortunately, the SAS values are not always positively correlated with the distribution area and other factors inhibit the spread of the species.
Pre-harvest sprouting on high-level seed dormancy of bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea) landraces MARYATI SARI; SATRIYAS ILYAS; MOHAMAD RAHMAD SUHARTANTO; ABDUL QADIR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 12 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221247

Abstract

Abstract. Sari M, Ilyas S, Suhartanto MR, Qadir A. 2021. Pre-harvest sprouting on high-level seed dormancy of bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea) landraces. Biodiversitas 22: 5617-5623. Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.) is an underutilized crop. Therefore, its seed quality is not guaranteed. Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) on bambara groundnut seeds can be found either due to the unpredictable rainfall or the late harvesting and plants are still in the field when rainfall. Conversely, seed dormancy causes a problem for planting. The objective of this research was to identify seed dormancy and PHS of four bambara groundnut landraces and other related seed characters. Four landraces (Madura, Sukabumi, Brown Sumedang and Tasikmalaya) were planted at the end of May 2017. Seeds were harvested at physiological maturity (130 days after planting) during the beginning of the wet season (early October 2017). The result showed that there were variations of PHS among landraces from 1% to 12%, and variations of seed dormancy rates from 62% to 82%. There were differences in seed color, seed size, tannin content, seed hardness, and imbibition rate. However, these characters could not clearly explain the diversities in PHS and seed dormancy. There was a high genetic diversity within Tasikmalaya landrace because this landrace had the highest PHS (12%) and the highest dormancy rate (82%) as well, although both characters are contradictory. This diversity needs further research, mainly to avoid the disadvantages due to PHS.
Selection of wheat (Triticum aestivum) lines for the high altitude of Indonesia based on single- and multi-character adaptation YUDIWANTI WAHYU; ELIS NURAENI; TRIKOESOEMANINGTYAS TRIKOESOEMANINGTYAS
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 12 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221236

Abstract

Abstract. Nuraeni E, Wahyu Y, Trikoesoemaningtyas. 2021. Selection of wheat (Triticum aestivum) lines for the high altitude of Indonesia based on single- and multi-character adaptation. Biodiversitas 22: 5530-5535. The high demand for wheat in Indonesia encourages the assembly of wheat varieties adaptive to the tropical environment. The increase in wheat diversity has been carried out through the crossing process, and it is necessary to evaluate the adaptability of the genotypes resulting from the cross. This study aims to obtain information on the adaptation classes of the F5 population and the differential of agronomic character selection in single and multi-character selection. The study was conducted at the BB Biogen Experimental Garden, Ciwalen (925 masl), in August-December 2020. The F5 of HP1744/Selayar population was used as genetic material with two comparison varieties, namely Guri 1 and Guri 3. The adaptation class for a single character was determined based on seed weight per plant, while for multi-character based on the characters with a wedge between the high category heritability value and the correlation coefficient ?0.5. The result showed that the number of florets, seed weight per plant, number of tillers, number of productive tillers, and weight of seeds in the main panicle were selected as a reference for multi-character selection. The t-test showed that the adaptive and highly adaptive classes genotypes had higher yields than the comparison varieties. The selection differential shows an increase in the mean value for all reference characters. The adaptation class based on a single character resulted in a higher average value of seed weight in all classes compared to selection based on multi-character.

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