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Perlakuan Priming Benih untuk Mempertahankan Vigor Benih Kacang Panjang (Vigna Unguiculata) Selama Penyimpanan Esty Putri Utami; Maryati Sari; Eny Widajati
Buletin Agrohorti Vol. 1 No. 4 (2013): Oktober 2013
Publisher : Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari pengaruh priming dalam mempertahankan vigor benih kacang panjang selama dalam penyimpanan. Perlakuan priming yang dilakukan adalah perendaman benih dalam air, KNO3, CaCl2, asam askorbat, dan pelembapan diantara kertas selama dua jam. Perlakuan priming menyebabkan peningkatan kadar air benih hingga sekitar 9%, sedangkan perlakuan pelembapan diantara kertas hanya meningkatkan kadar air 1-2 % dibanding kontrol. Setelah selesai perlakuan, benih dikeringkan kembali hingga kadar air 12-13% lalu disimpan di ruang kamar(26-30.8 °C; RH 68-77 %) dan AC (±20 °C; RH ±50%) menggunakan plastic polipropilen (tebal 0.08 mm). Perlakuan priming mampu mempertahankan indeks vigor dan kecepatan tumbuh sampai dengan 15 minggu penyimpanan baik pada penyimpanan ruang AC ataupun kamar. Perlakuan perendaman dalam air dapat menjadi pilihan terbaik sebagai perlakuan benih sebelum simpan karena murah dan mudah dilakukan serta memberikan hasil yang baik.

Pengaruh Pemupukan N, P, dan K pada Dua Varietas Benih Kedelai (Glycine Max (L) Merr.) terhadap Kandungan Antosianin dan Hubungannya dengan Vigor Benih Sophia Fitriesa; Maryati Sari; M. R. Suhartanto
Buletin Agrohorti Vol. 5 No. 1 (2017): Buletin Agrohorti
Publisher : Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari pengaruh pemupukan N, P, dan K pada kandungan antosianin dan vigor benih pada dua varietas kedelai untuk mencari korelasi antara mereka. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan Kebun Percobaan Leuwikopo IPB dan Laboratorium Teknologi Benih AGH, IPB pada Februari sampai Juli 2011. Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Split Plot. Faktor pertama adalah varietas kedelai (Anjasmoro dan Detam 1). Faktor kedua adalah pemupukan NPK (tanpa pupuk, NPK, NP, NK, dan PK). Pengamatan meliputi pengamatan vegetatif dan produksi benih, kandungan antosianin benih, viabilitas benih, vigor kekuatan tumbuh dan vigor daya simpan benih. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa varietas berpengaruh pada kandungan antosianin benih. Varietas Detam 1 menunjukkan kandungan antosianin lebih tinggi dari varietas Anjasmoro. Aplikasi pupuk berpengaruh pada vigor daya simpan dari biji kedelai melalui pengusangan terkontrol. Aplikasi NPK dan pupuk NK memberikan nilai tertinggi untuk vigor daya simpan dari biji (83,33% dan 80,00%) lebih tinggi dari vigor daya simpan terendah yang dihasilkan oleh perlakuan tanpa pemupukan (61,33%). Elektrokonduktivitas tidak terpengaruh oleh pemberian pupuk dan varietas tetapi dipengaruhi oleh interaksi dari keduanya. Korelasi tidak ditemukan antara kandungan antosianin dan vigor benih.

Manipulasi Agronomi Bunga Iles-iles (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) untuk Meningkatkan Produksi Biji Edi Santosa; Ani Kurniawati; Maryati Sari; Adolf Pieter Lontoh
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 21 No. 2 (2016): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

Corm of iles-iles (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) is extracted for glucomannan production, a material that is widely used in medicinal, food, and beverage industries. Increasing demand on glucomannan promotes fast expansion of planting area in Indonesia, however, seed availability is limited. The objective of the experiment was to study corm age, planting distance, and planting depth in order to enhance seed production in A. muelleri. Two experiments were conducted under paranet of 65% in Leuwikopo Experimental Farm, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB) from June-November 2015. First experiment used 0- (bulbils), 1-, 2-, 3-, and 4-year-old corms. Second experiment used flowering 3-year-old corms, arranged by factorial of planting distance (0 × 0 cm and 50 × 50 cm) and planting depth (0 and 5 cm in depth). Results showed that flowering of A. muelleri was dependent on corm age, 96% of 3-year-old corms produced flower but none of the 1- and 4-years-old corms produced flower, whereas 8% of 2-year-old corms produced flower. Planting distance did not affect flower growth, while planting at a depth of 5 cm enhanced seed production. Present experiments imply that application of large 3-year-old corms, planting in dense population and at depth of 5 cm could enhance seed production of A. muelleri. It needs further investigation on seed quality from flowering of present treatments.

Kualitas Benih dan Pertumbuhan Bibit Tanaman Iles-Iles (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) Asal Media Tumbuh Berbeda Maryati Sari; Edi Santosa; Adolf Pieter Lontoh; Ani Kurniawati
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 24 No. 2 (2019): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

Most of Amorphophallus muelleri seeds for corm production derives from natural production in the forest. The objective of research was to evaluate seed quality and seedling growth from natural and gibberellin (GA3)-induced flowering, and different growing media in order to develop seed production technology. The experiments were conducted at Leuwikopo Experimental Farm of Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia from August 2016-April 2017. A. muelleri seeds from six culture practices were compared, i.e., mother corms with natural flowering were planted in soil media, soil+rice husk charcoal, and soil+cow manure, and mother corms induced flowering using GA3 (1.000, 1.500, and 2000 ppm) were planted in soil media. Results indicated that berry size, color, seed color and size and seed germination rate were independent of seed production method, i.e., non-induction, GA3 induction, and growing media. Germination rate was >90%, and no abnormal sprouting was found. The highest seedling establishment, represented by full-expand of first leaf, was obtained from seeds of soil+rice husk charcoal media. Seedling from seeds of soil+rice husk charcoal and soil+cow manure media had larger leaves than the other treatments. Present study implies that application of rice husk charcoal or manure in the seed production of A. muelleri is important to obtain high quality seedling.

Pendugaan Vigor Daya Simpan Benih Kubis (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata) Menggunakan Metode Pengusangan Cepat dengan Etanol Amalia Rosida; Maryati Sari; Abdul Qadir
Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 3 (2015): Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Horticulture / Department of Agronomy and Horticulture

ABSTRACTA method that can predict vigor of seed correlated to seed longevity is necessary for cabbage seed production. The objective of this study was to obtain effective soaking time in the chemically accelerated aging method with liquid ethanol 20%, that can estimate vigor correlated to seed longevity of cabbage. Cabbage seed consisted of 6 commercial seed lots with different initial vigor, i.e. G1, MG, GC, GT, B3, and KC. In the first experiment, the seeds were stored for 6 months in aluminum foil at open storage with temperature of 23.3-29.9 0C and 61-85% relative humidity. In the second experiment, rapid aging was done by soaking seeds in liquid ethanol 20% for 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes. The results showed that vigor index of ethanol soaking for 30 minutes in ethanol 20% had close correlation with germination of seed after storage for 6 months with a coefficient correlation r=0.92. Therefore, it could be used to predict vigor correlated to storability. Cabbage seed vigor after 6 months could be predicted by the equation y=3.338+1.054x, where x was variable vigor index after soaking seeds in ethanol 20% for 30 minutes, and a coefficient of determination R2=0.84.Keywords: deterioration, rapid aging, seed longevity, seed storage, viabilityABSTRAKMetode yang dapat menduga vigor daya simpan benih kubis sangat diperlukan untuk mendukung penyediaan benih kubis yang bermutu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan waktu perendaman yang efektif pada metode pengusangan cepat kimia dengan etanol 20%, yang dapat menduga vigor daya simpan benih kubis. Benih kubis yang digunakan terdiri atas 6 lot benih komersial, yaitu G1, MG, GC, GT, B3, dan KC dengan vigor awal yang berbeda. Percobaan pertama adalah penyimpanan benih dalam kemasan aluminium foil selama 1 sampai 6 bulan pada ruang simpan terbuka (suhu 23.3-29.9 0C dan RH 61-85%). Percobaan kedua adalah pengusangan dengan merendam benih dalam larutan etanol 20% selama 30, 60, 90, dan 120 menit. Hasil menunjukkan indeks vigor setelah perendaman dalam etanol selama 30 menit memiliki korelasi yang erat dengan daya berkecambah benih setelah disimpan selama enam bulan dengan koefisien korelasi sebesar 0.92, sehingga dapat digunakan untuk menduga vigor daya simpan. Vigor daya simpan benih kubis setelah penyimpanan selama enam bulan dapat diduga dengan persamaan y= 3.338 + 1.054x, dengan x peubah indeks vigor setelah perendaman etanol 20% selama 30 menit, dan koefisien determinasi (R2) sebesar 0.84.Kata kunci: kemunduran benih, pengusangan cepat, daya simpan benih, penyimpanan benih, viabilitas

Metode Pengusangan Cepat dengan Larutan Etanol untuk Pengujian Vigor Daya Simpan Benih Caisin (Brassica rapa L. cv. grup Caisin) Aisa Amanah; Maryati Sari; Abdul Qadir
Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia Vol. 7 No. 3 (2016): Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Horticulture / Department of Agronomy and Horticulture

ABSTRACTThe objective of this study was to obtain effective duration in accelerated aging method with soaking the seed in 20% liquid ethanol which could estimate vigor related to storability of caisin seed during 3 and 6 months storage. There were five commercial caisin seed lots used in this study. The lots have different initial vigor. This research was conducted in two separate experiments. The first experiment was conducted to study deterioration of caisin seeds stored in aluminum foil pouches for 3 and 6 months at ambient room. The second experiment was conducted to study the effect of chemical aging duration, i.e 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes moistened (12 hours imbibed) seed soaking in liquid ethanol 20%. Both of experiments were arranged in completely nested design. Germination of seeds after soaking in 20% liquid ethanol for 90 minutes was positively correlated with germination of seeds after storage for 3 and 6 months with coefficient of corellation = 0.87 and 0.88. Both coefficient of corellations were close to 1 which showed that the germination of seeds after accelerated ageing with soaking in 20% liquid ethanol could estimate seed vigor related to storability. Vigor related to storability of caisin seed after 3 months could be predicted by the equation y = 56.04+0.36x with the coefficient of determination 77.00%. While after 6 months it can be predicted by the equation y = 62.72+0.38x with the coefficient of determination 74.90%. Y variable indicates germination of caisin seed after storage while the x variable indicates germination of caisin seed after soaking in 20% liquid ethanol for 90 minutes.Key words: deterioration, devigoration, longevity, seed storage, viabilityABSTRAKPenelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendapatkan waktu perendaman ke dalam etanol 20% yang tepat pada metode pengusangan cepat kimia yang dapat menduga vigor daya simpan benih caisin setelah penyimpanan 3 dan 6 bulan. Benih yang digunakan berasal dari lima lot benih komersial dengan vigor awal yang berbeda. Penelitian terdiri atas 2 percobaan terpisah. Percobaan 1 adalah penyimpanan benih caisin dalam kemasan aluminium foil selama 3 dan 6 bulan pada ruang suhu kamar. Percobaan 2 yaitu pengusangan cepat kimia dengan merendam benih caisin yang telah dilembabkan selama 12 jam ke dalam larutan etanol 20% selama 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, dan 180 menit. Kedua percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap tersarang. Daya berkecambah benih setelah pengusangan melalui perendaman etanol 20% selama 90 menit berkorelasi positif dengan daya berkecambah benih setelah penyimpanan selama 3 dan 6 bulan. Nilai koefisien korelasi pada 3 dan 6 bulan setelah simpan adalah 0.87 dan 0.88. Kedua koefisien korelasi tersebut mendekati 1 yang menunjukkan bahwa daya berkecambah benih setelah pengusangan cepat dengan etanol 20% dapat menduga vigor daya simpan. Vigor daya simpan benih caisin setelah 3 bulan simpan dapat diduga dengan persamaan y = 62.72+0.38x dengan nilai koefisien determinasi sebesar 77.00%, sementara setelah 6 bulan dapat diduga dengan persamaan y = 56.04+0.36x dengan nilai koefisien determinasi sebesar 74.90%. Peubah y menunjukkan daya berkecambah setelah penyimpanan sedangkan x menunjukkan daya berkecambah setelah pengusangan melalui perendaman etanol 20% selama 90 menit.Kata kunci: daya simpan, deteriorasi, devigorasi, penyimpanan benih, viabilitas

Peranan Methylobacterium spp. dalam Meningkatkan dan Mempertahankan Vigor Benih Kedelai Ratri Tri Hapsari; Selly Salma; Eni Widajati; Maryati Sari
Iptek Tanaman Pangan Vol 11, No 1 (2016): Juni 2016
Publisher : Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Soybean is considered as a functional food, due to its status as source of protein in Indonesia dietary. The soybean seeds determine the quality of soybean products through a better crop in the farm. Factor limiting the supply of soybean seeds in the tropics is the rapid deterioration of seed germination during storage, thereby reduces the availability of high quality of seed. Seed vigor is divided into two categories, namely the seed growth strength vigor and longevity seed vigor. Seed growth strength vigor indicates the growing strength in a suboptimum condition, while seed longevity vigor is the ability of seed lot to be stored in a suboptimum condition. Seed treatment uses beneficial microbes can protect plants in the nursery stage, and during the plant life cycle. Methylobacterium spp can live in a single-carbon compounds of the plant, such as metanol (CH3OH) or methylamine (CH3NH2) as a carbon source. Methylobacterium spp can produce IAA, GA3 and transzeatin. Methylobacterium spp can produce PQQ and tocopherol, one of the antioxidants that limit the nonenzimatic lipid oxidation during seed storage, germination and early seedling development. Methylobacterium spp can be used to improve the germination of soybean seed through seed inoculation, while maintaining soybean seed longevity can be obtained by coating the seed with Methylobacterium spp.

Perlakuan Hidrasi-Dehidrasi terhadap Vigor Dua Lot Benih Kacang Bambara (Vigna subterranean L. Verdc.) Tiarlinda Situmorang; Abdul Qadir; Maryati Sari
Buletin Agrohorti Vol. 11 No. 1 (2023): Buletin Agrohorti
Publisher : Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/agrob.v11i1.46578

Ketersediaan benih yang berkualitas merupakan hal yang penting dalam peningkatan produktivitas kacang Bambara, namun terdapat kendala dalam proses penyediannya salah satunya yaitu deteriorasi (kemunduran) pada benih yang telah mengalami penyimpanan. Hidrasi-dehidrasi merupakan salah satu metode yang diharapkan dapat meningkatkan vigor dan viabilitas benih. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh hidrasi-dehidrasi sebagai perlakuan invigorasi terhadap vigor dan viabilitas dua lot benih kacang bambara. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni hingga Agustus 2019 di Laboratorium Ilmu dan Teknologi Benih, Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikutura, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor. Percobaan dirancang menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) yang terdir atas 2 faktor. Faktor pertama yaitu benih bambara lanras Tasikmalaya yang terdiri atas 2 taraf. Taraf pertama yaitu lot 1 dipanen Maret 2019, lot 2 dipanen Oktober 2017. Faktor kedua yaitu hidrasi-dehidrasi terdiri atas 5 taraf, yaitu kontrol, perendaman dalam air selama 12 jam lalu dikeringkan 4 jam pada suhu 28-30 oC, perendaman dalam air selama 12 jam lalu dikeringkan 4 jam pada suhu 38-40 oC, perendaman dalam air selama 12 jam+aerator lalu dikeringkan 4 jam pada suhu 28–30 oC, perendaman dalam air selama 12 jam+aerator lalu dikeringkan 4 jam pada suhu 38-40 oC. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan hidrasi-dehidrasi mampu memperbaiki vigor benih secara nyata yang ditunjukkan oleh indeks vigor yang meningkat dari 2% menjadi 27% dan kecepatan tumbuh meningkat dari 9% KN etmal-1 menjadi 11% KN etmal-1pada taraf perlakuan perendaman dalam air selama 12 jam lalu dikeringkan 4 jam dengan suhu 38-40 oC. Kata kunci: kemunduran, perendaman, bermutu, deteriorasi benih, aerator

SEED TREATMENT BETWEEN STORAGE PERIOD FOR INCREASING THE STORABILITY OF CHILI (Capsicum annuum L.) SEED Sari, Maryati; Permatasari, Arinda Ayu; Permatasari, Okti Syah Isyani
JURNAL BIOINDUSTRI (JOURNAL OF BIOINDUSTRY) Jurnal Bioindustri: Volume 7 Nomor 1 `
Publisher : Universitas Trilogi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31326/jbio.v7i1.1962

Chilli seed is rather expensive, so it should be saved in controlled storage. In marketing, seeds may be exposed in the ambient room that is optimum for fungi activities. Between storage periods seed treatment is expected can increase chilli seed vigor and seed storability in ambient storage. This research aimed to obtain the proper between-storage period seed treatment that can increase chili seed vigor and seed storability. The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Seed Quality Testing and Storage, and Seed Health Laboratory, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture IPB, from February to August 2023. Bogor. The study used a completely randomized split-plot design. Seed lots were the main plot, consisting of two levels, namely (1) lot 2017 and (2) lot 2021. The between-storage period seed treatment was as subplots consisting of five levels, namely (1) control, (2) rinsing, (3) sun-drying, (4) oven, and (5) fungicide. The results showed that chili seeds without between storage periods seed treatments were still able to maintain viability until the end of storage (germination rate of 80% in a 0-month storage period to 73.3% in a 6-month storage after treatments). Washing, sun-drying, and oven treatments have the potential to maintain chili seed vigor better than controls based on the radicle emergence (RE).

SEED TREATMENT BETWEEN STORAGE PERIOD FOR INCREASING THE STORABILITY OF CHILI (Capsicum annuum L.) SEED Sari, Maryati; Permatasari, Arinda Ayu; Permatasari, Okti Syah Isyani
JURNAL BIOINDUSTRI (JOURNAL OF BIOINDUSTRY) Jurnal Bioindustri: Volume 7 Nomor 1 `
Publisher : Universitas Trilogi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31326/jbio.v7i1.1962

Chilli seed is rather expensive, so it should be saved in controlled storage. In marketing, seeds may be exposed in the ambient room that is optimum for fungi activities. Between storage periods seed treatment is expected can increase chilli seed vigor and seed storability in ambient storage. This research aimed to obtain the proper between-storage period seed treatment that can increase chili seed vigor and seed storability. The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Seed Quality Testing and Storage, and Seed Health Laboratory, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture IPB, from February to August 2023. Bogor. The study used a completely randomized split-plot design. Seed lots were the main plot, consisting of two levels, namely (1) lot 2017 and (2) lot 2021. The between-storage period seed treatment was as subplots consisting of five levels, namely (1) control, (2) rinsing, (3) sun-drying, (4) oven, and (5) fungicide. The results showed that chili seeds without between storage periods seed treatments were still able to maintain viability until the end of storage (germination rate of 80% in a 0-month storage period to 73.3% in a 6-month storage after treatments). Washing, sun-drying, and oven treatments have the potential to maintain chili seed vigor better than controls based on the radicle emergence (RE).

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