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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
 115   116   117   118   119 
Phenotypic variation and genetic alteration of Spathoglottis plicata resulted from in vitro cultured seed irradiated with X-Ray SUYITNO ALOYSIUS; AZIZ PURWANTORO; KUMALA DEWI; ENDANG SEMIARTI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 19 No. 5 (2018)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d190507

Abstract

Aloysius S, Purwantoro A, Dewi K, Semiarti E.. 2018. Phenotypic variation and genetic alteration of Spathoglottis plicata resulted from in vitro cultured seed irradiated with X-Ray. Biodiversitas 19: 1642-1648. A terrestrial orchid species among genus Spathoglottis as widely cultivated is S. plicata. Variability development of the species through mutation induction has been carried out, but its morphological variations and genetic changes have not been investigated. The purpose of this study is to identify the phenotypic variation and genetic alteration of S. plicata resulted from in vitro cultured seed irradiated with X-ray. Radiation was given at the doses of 0; 6; 12; 18 and 24 rad. The samples were surviving plants resulted from irradiated seeds. Phenotypic variations observed were the number, length and width of the leaf, number of tiller, and flower characteristics. Genetic alteration was detected from DNA homologous POH1, a key gene determining of shoot morphogenesis. Results show that there are variations of leaf color, length and width of the leaf, and the number of the tiller. Plants start to flower at the age of 30 months. The plants flowering reach 64.7% (WT), 50.0% (6 rad), 33.3% (12 rad), 33.3% (18 rad), and 40% (24 rad). Flower color is ranged from white, white slightly purple, purplish white, light purple, reddish purple and purple, found both in mutants and wild-type groups. The alignment result of POH1 homologous DNA obtained from PCR cDNA shows the nucleotide differences at some points between mutants and wild-type that indicate the occurrence of DNA alteration. X-ray induces the changes of POH1 homologous DNA, but it has no obvious relationship to the flower variation.
Biodiversity and distribution of termite nests in West Papua, Indonesia NIKEN SUBEKTI; ISMA NURVAIZAH; JAN HENDRIEK NUNAKI; HENGKY LUKAS WAMBRAU
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 19 No. 5 (2018)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d190509

Abstract

Subekti N, Nurvaizah I, Nunaki JN, Wambrau HK, Mar’ah R. 2018. Biodiversity and distribution of termite nests in West Papua, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 1659-1664. Termites play an important role in plant nutritive cycles by contributing to the disintegration and decomposition of organic matter. However, termites also cause damage to wood in nature as well as in buildings. Therefore, termites are potential pests and need to be controlled. Effective control of termites requires knowledge about their species prevalence and distribution. The current study aimed to identify the termite species and nest distributions in West Papua. A survey to determine the distribution of termite nests used the transect line method with intervals of 50 m in width and length. The results showed that there were 35 termite nests on 10 host trees species, namely Calophyllum inophyllum (Bintanggur), Mastixiodendron pachyclados (Lancat), Intsia bijuga (Kayu besi), Inocarpus fagifer (Gayang), Canarium hirsutum (Kenari), Horsfieldia parviflora (Pala hutan), Diospyros papuana (Black wood), Aleurites moluccana (Kemiri), Pometia coreacea (Matoa), and Vatica rassak (Resak). These nests harbored three termite genera, including Microcerotermes, Longipeditermes, and Bulbitermes. Microcerotermes were the most commonly found and had a wide distribution across almost all points of observation.
The grouping system and local distribution pattern analysis of Javan green peafowl (Pavo muticus muticus, Linnaeus 1758) population in Baluran and Alas Purwo National Parks, East Java, Indonesia JARWADI BUDI HERNOWO; HADI SUKADI ALIKODRA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 19 No. 5 (2018)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d190514

Abstract

Hernowo JB, Alikodra HS. 2018. The grouping system and local distribution pattern analysis of Javan green peafowl (Pavo muticus muticus, Linnaeus 1758) population in Baluran and Alas Purwo National Parks, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 1690-1695. The Javan green peafowl population lives in a group system. The population applies a small size group system. The distribution of the birds in Java Island is randomly fragmented and isolated in several types of habitat and each has a small number of individuals in every group. Baluran and Alas Purwo National Parks, East Java, Indonesia as part of Javan green peafowl (Pavo muticus muticus, Linnaeus 1758) distributions have been selected for the study on the grouping system and the analysis of local distribution. The research was aimed at obtaining data and information on the grouping system and local distribution of Javan green peafowl population in Baluran and Alas Purwo National Park. The number of individuals and groups was counted by applying a transect method and a concentration method on every type of habitat where peafowls are present. The distribution pattern data were analyzed by using a formula (Ludwig and Reynolds 1988). The results indicate that Javan green peafowl population is living in small groups (2-4 birds). There are 5 types of Javan green peafowl groups in Baluran National Park (BNP) and Alas Purwo National Park (APNP). The dominant group is adult female group consisting 3 individual members. The leader of the group is a female bird. Adult males live in solitary. The group system among Javan green peafowl populations is a strategy of the birds. Local distribution of Javan green peafowl populations in Baluran and Alas Purwo National Parks is mostly in the form of clumped dispersion.
Morphological characteristics and isozyme banding patterns of Cucurbita moschata at different altitudes NUR RAHMAH HIDAYATI; SURANTO SURANTO; SAJIDAN SAJIDAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 19 No. 5 (2018)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d190513

Abstract

Hidayati NR, Suranto, Sajidan. 2018. Morphological characteristics and isozyme banding patterns of Cucurbita moschata at different altitudes. Biodiversitas 19: 1683-1689. Aims of this research were to investigate the morphological character and isozyme banding patterns of Cucurbita moschata plants grown at three different altitudes. Samples in this study consisted of leaf, stem, and flowers. The morphological characters were conducted by direct observation in the field and analyzed descriptively as well as statically by one way ANOVA. The isozyme bands appearance of esterase and peroxidase of leaf samples were conducted using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). Qualitative approach was used to analyze the presence and the absence of isozyme bands, while Retardation factor (Rf) was used to analyze quantitatively. The results showed that most plants grown at middle altitude (351-750 m asl.) were well-developed in terms of length of leaves, stems and flowers. Accordingly, the isozyme banding pattern of peroxidase was also found varied in plants grown at middle altitudes from which the presence of very unique bands was detected. Conversely, the band detected in plants grown at the lower and the highest altitudes was similar in term of band's number but it was different in the quality of the bands. Meanwhile, esterase isozyme banding pattern of plants grown at the lower and higher altitude had more bands than the middle altitude. Based on this result it is obvious that the isozyme data could be used to support in understanding the diversity morphological characters of plants grown in three different altitudes. This early result suggests that altitudes as a crucial factor in contributing the expression of isozyme appearance, which is useful for further pumpkin characterizations.
Short Communication: Macropropagation – An important tool for conservation of North Sumatran endangered tree species, Dryobalanops aromatica ARIDA SUSILOWATI; CUT RIZLANI KHOLIBRINA; HENTI HENDALASTUTI RACHMAT; DENI ELFIATI; ASWANDI .; ILLA MASYITAH RAENI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 19 No. 5 (2018)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d190511

Abstract

Susilowati A, Kholibrina CR, Rachmat HH, Elfiati D, Aswandi, Raeni IM. 2018. Short Communication: Macropropagation -An important tool for conservation of North Sumatran endangered tree species, Dryobalanops aromatica. Biodiversitas 19: 1672-1675.Dryobalanops aromatica or locally known as kapur is a tree producing borneol used for pharmaceutical purposes. Due to illegalharvesting for wood and borneol, depauperate population with low and rare reproductive mother trees and land conversion to oil palmplantation, its population decreases every year. Ex situ and in situ conservation efforts are needed to prevent this species from extinction.One of the ex situ conservation efforts that can be done is propagating this species vegetatively with shoot cuttings. Shoot cutting istechnically simple and inexpensive method to produce new planting stock for further purposes such as production and conservation.This method has also been successfully used for the propagation of endangered and highly economically valuable species. Despite manyapplications of shoot cutting for clonal forestry, there was still lack of information about the successfulness of this method forDryobalanops aromatica. Therefore the objective of this research was to get data about the successfulness of kapur cuttings usingdifferent media and growth regulator treatment. A factorial experiment using a Completely Randomized Design with two factors wasconducted for this research. The first factor was cutting media, consisting of three types, namely (i) sand, (ii) combination of sand andsoil, and 3) combination of sand, soil and rice husk. The second factor was plant growth regulator (PGR), consisting of two levels,namely (i) without PGR addition and (ii) with PGR addition. The parameters observed were survival percentage, rooting percentage,number of primary and secondary roots, length of primary and secondary roots and adventitious root formation. Results showed thatrooting percentage of cutting using this technique varied from 30 to 60% and thus this technique was prospective to be developed as atool for propagating kapur trees. Adventitious roots originated from the wounded area near the cambium which was later followed bythe formation of callus and root primordia.
Association between XRCC1 exon 10 (Arg399Gln) gene polymorphism and micronucleus as a predictor of DNA damage among radiation workers HARRY NUGROHO EKO SURNIYANTORO; YANTI LUSIYANTI; TUR RAHARDJO; SITI NURHAYATI; DEVITA TETRIANA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 19 No. 5 (2018)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d190512

Abstract

Surniyantoro HNE, Lusiyanti Y, Rahardjo T, Nurhayati S, Tetriana D. 2018. Association between XRCC1 exon 10 (Arg399Gln) gene polymorphism and micronucleus as a predictor of DNA damage among radiation workers. Biodiversitas 19: 1676-1682. This study was aimed to examine the association between XRCC1 exon 10 gene polymorphism and micronucleus frequencies in radiation workers and their relation to the confounding factors. This study involved 37 radiation workers and 37 controls from several hospitals in Indonesia. Genotyping of X-ray cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1) exon 10 gene polymorphism and micronucleus assay were performed using Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and Cytokinesis-Block Micronucleus assay (CBMN assay), respectively. The results indicated that MN frequencies were not significantly higher in the exposed workers than in controls (20.46±6.42 versus 16.89 ±9.72; P=0.07). The micronucleus frequencies of radiation workers with mutant genotype showed not significantly higher than controls in the same genotypes (22±6.64 versus 11.75 ± 8.13; P=0.11). The confounding factors, like age, years of employment and equivalent doses were significantly associated with micronucleus frequencies (P<0.05). The equivalent dose has a significantly positive correlation with micronucleus frequencies among radiation workers, increasing the MN frequencies by 16.3 per 1 mSv of equivalent dose (P=0.001). The genetic polymorphism of XRCC1 gene exon 10 demonstrated no association with the extent of DNA damage in the hospital radiation workers. The MN frequencies were strongly associated with age, equivalent dose and years of employment.
Insect diversity in post-mining areas: Investigating their potential role as bioindicator of reclamation success DAMAYANTI BUCHORI; AKHMAD RIZALI; GILANG ADITYA RAHAYU; IRDIKA MANSUR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 19 No. 5 (2018)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d190515

Abstract

Buchori D, Rizali A, Rahayu GA, Mansur I. 2018. Insect diversity in post-mining areas: Investigating their potential role as bioindicator of reclamation success. Biodiversitas 19: 1696-1702. Reclamation can be a pivotal process to return an ecosystem to its condition prior to human disturbance, by recreating a landscape so that its structure and function closely resemble a natural community. Unfortunately, there is a lack of empirical data as to whether reclamation efforts successfully establish sustainable of the ecosystem or not. The objective of this research was to study insect diversity in post-mining areas and investigate their potential role as bioindicators of reclamation success. An ecological research was conducted in post-mining reclamation areas managed by PT. Berau Coal in Binungan, East Kalimantan. We selected sub-areas that had been subject to reclamation efforts for varying periods, ranging from 2 to 10 years, for observation. We also used an area of undisturbed natural forest as a comparison. Inside each of these subareas of different reclamation age, insects were sampled using pitfall traps and malaise traps along a 100-meter transect. Our results showed that insect diversity differed in areas of different reclamation age. Based on CCA revealed that environmental factors i.e. pioneer tree age, vegetation diversity and soil chemistry (N total) affected the diversity of insects in the reclamation area. In particular, NMDS analysis showed different species composition in ant communities found in subareas of varying reclamation age. We conclude that ants are the most useful potential bioindicator to assess reclamation success in post-mining areas.
Karst vegetation in the natural habitat of sandalwood (Santalum album) at various altitude places in Timor Island, Indonesia FRANSISCA XAVERIANA SERAFINA LIO; MARIA PAULIN SARI DEWI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 19 No. 5 (2018)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d190516

Abstract

Lio FXS, Dewi MPS. 2018. Karst vegetation in the natural habitat of sandalwood (Santalum album) at various altitude places in Timor Island, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 1703-1713. Sandalwood (Santalum album L.) was the superior commodity In South Central Timor District, but it tends to decrease in number at present. South Central Timor has been highly regarded for the quality and former abundance of its sandalwood stocks and it has been one of the most productive sources for sandalwood on Timor Island. It grows in the karst ecosystem at altitude of 450-1044 m asl. This study aims to assess karst vegetation in the natural habitat of sandalwood at three elevation sites in South Central Timor. A total of 4 plots were placed in the middle land zone (307-382 m asl.), 7 plots in the upland zone (784-1031 m asl.), and 4 plots in the highland zone (1665-1782 m asl.). Data were sampled using a square plot measuring 20 x 20m for tree, and the sub-plot of 1 x 1m for the ground vegetation category. Ecological data were measured together with the sampling of vegetation data, while the soil quality was assessed in the laboratory of Nusa Cendana University. The results showed that the higher a place from the sea surface, the less number of species was found. The highest number of species was found in the upland zone, but it tended to decrease in the highland zone. Dominant species placed at each zone were also different, which in the middeland zone the dominant species were Acacia mangium, Tectona grandis, and Eleusine indica; in the upland zone, they were Lantana camara, Gmelina arborea, Senna siamea and Cyperus rotundus, whereas in highland zone was dominated by Senna occidentalis, Portulaca oleracea, Eucalyptus urophylla, and C. rotundus. The results of multiple regression analysis also showed that environmental factors did not affect the species number in research sites. Ecological condition and soil quality in research sites indicated that those conditions are suitable for sandalwood's growth.
Genotype determination of megalocytivirus from Indonesian Marine Fishes MURWANTOKO MURWANTOKO; DINI WAHYU KARTIKA SARI; CHRISTINA RETNO HANDAYANI; RICHARD J. WHITTINGTON
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 19 No. 5 (2018)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d190519

Abstract

Murwantoko, Sari DWK, Handayani CR, Whittington RJ. 2018. Genotype determination of megalocytivirus from Indonesian Marine Fishes. Biodiversitas 19: 1730-1736. Megalocytivirus is the newest genus within the family of Iridoviridae which can be divided into groups represented by red sea bream iridovirus (RSIV), infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV) and turbot reddish body iridovirus (TRBIV), threespine stickleback iridovirus (TSIV). This virus caused serious systemic disease in cultured marine fishes for consumption and ornamental freshwater fishes with significant mortality. The objective of this study was to determine the genotype of megalocytivirus which infected marine fishes from Lampung, Karimun Jawa, Situbondo and Batam based on major capsid protein (MCP), ATPase, DNA polymerase, CY15 and IRB6. The liver, spleen and kidney tissues of humpback grouper (Cromileptes altivelis), tiger grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus), baramundi (Lates calcarifer) were fixed in 10% phosphate-buffered formalin for histological and fixed in 70% ethanol for molecular analysis. Molecular analysis was performed by amplification of MCP, ATPase, DNA polymerase, CY15 and IRB6 genes and followed by sequencing. Genotype was determined by alignment of the sequences with various genotypes of megalocytivirus from Genbank. Histological examination showed that hypertrophy, inclusion body forming bearing cells were found in liver, spleen and kidney tissues. Polymerase chain reaction with MCP primer produced specific DNA bands. Those results confirmed the infection of megalocytivirus on marine cultured fish samples. The analysis from 10 isolates on five genes revealed that two genotypes of megalocytivirus as infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV) and red sea bream iridovirus (RSIV) genotypes were existed in Indonesia. The ISKNV genotype was confirmed in fish samples from Lampung, Jepara, Bali; while RSIV genotype was found in fishes from Batam, and Situbondo. Interestingly, both ISKNV and RSIV genotypes were confirmed in fish samples from Karimun Jawa. This paper is the first report on the present of ISKNV and RSIV genotypes in Indonesia based on MCP, ATPase, DNA polymerase, CY15 and IRB6 genes.
Recognizing indigenous knowledge of the Karangwangi Rural Landscape in South Cianjur, Indonesia for sustainable land management FATIYA AMELIA; JOHAN ISKANDAR; RUHYAT PARTASASMITA; NICHOLAS MALONE
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 19 No. 5 (2018)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d190518

Abstract

Amelia F, Iskandar J, Partasasmita R, Malone N. 2018. Recognizing indigenous knowledge of the Karangwangi Rural Landscape in South Cianjur, Indonesia for sustainable land management. Biodiversitas 19: 1722-1729. Karangwangi is a rural community on the south coast of West Java, Indonesia. The people of Karangwangi possess traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) of local landscapes through cultural inheritance and personal experiences of interacting with their environment. The people of Karangwani Village recognize various natural-cultural landscape types, including leuweung (forest); swidden field (huma); wet rice fields (sawah); home garden (pekarangan); garden (kebun); mixed-garden (kebun campuran); river (sungai); and sea (laut). These various landscapes have continuously changed over time due to people’s socio-economic and cultural activities. The aim of this study was to develop an ethnoecological approach to elucidate historical changes to the Karangwangi landscapes. Toward this aim, we conducted mixed-method, qualitative and quantitative research. In addition to recognizing the various types of cultural and natural landscapes, the local people of Karangwangi are able to describe the history of landscape changes between 1950 to 2017. As identified by informants, these changes have been caused by various factors, including increases in population density, implementation of government policies and village development.

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