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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Short Communication: Variation in chemical constituent of Styrax sumatrana wood growing at different cultivation site in North Sumatra, Indonesia APRI HERI ISWANTO; YENNI SUHAIDA SIREGAR; ARIDA SUSILOWATI; ATMAWI DARWIS; RUDI HARTONO; BASUKI WIRJOSENTONO; HENTI HENDALASTUTI RACHMAT; ASEP HIDAYAT; WIDYA FATRIASARI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 2 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200221

Abstract

Iswanto AH, Siregar YS, Susilowati A, Darwis A, Hartono R, Wirjosentono B, Rachmat HH, Hidayat A, Fatriasari W. 2019. Variation in chemical constituent of Styrax sumatrana wood growing at different cultivation site in North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 448-452. Kemenyan Toba (Styrax sumatrana) is known as endemic resin-producing trees that naturally grow in North Sumatra and distributed throughout five districts within the province. Different growing site may constitute to different characteristics of the species, e.g. morphological differences, chemical constituent, bioactive substances, etc. Different characteristics of wood chemical constituent are an important factor determining further utilization and potential use of wood in wider spectrums. Information about wood chemical constituent of Styrax sumatrana growing from different site has not been determined yet. Therefore, the objective of this research was to analyze the characteristics of chemical constituent of Styrax sumatrana wood originated from North Tapanuli and Pakpak Bharat according to axial direction of stem (bottom, middle, and top). Chemical properties such as hollocelulose, ?-cellulose, hemicellulose, Acid Soluble Lignin (ASL), acid insoluble lignin (AIL), and non-structural component (extractive content in ethanol benzene 1: 2 and ash content) were observed. Results showed that different growth location would yield in different wood chemical constituent. The wood chemical constituent from North Tapanuli and Pakpak Bharat were 52.72 and 69.80% (hollocelulose), 25.94 and 39.87% (?-cellulose), 26.78 and 29.92% (hemicellulose), 5.49 and 4.33% (Acid Soluble Lignin), 4.37 and 20.43% (Acid-Insoluble Lignin), 10.95 and 2.42% (extractive content), 1.37 and 0.8% for ash content.
Species diversity and community composition of mosquitoes in a filariasis endemic area in Banyuasin District, South Sumatra, Indonesia RINI PRATIWI; CHAIRIL ANWAR; SALNI SALNI; HERMANSYAH HERMANSYAH; NOVRIKASARI NOVRIKASARI; AHMAD GHIFFARI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 2 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200222

Abstract

Abstract. Pratiwi R, Anwar C, Salni, Hermansyah, Novrikasari, Ghiffari A, Putra R, Huda A. 2019. Species diversity and community composition of mosquitoes in a filariasis endemic area in Banyuasin District, South Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 453-462. Mosquitoes are well known as the most medically important arthropod vectors which should be monitored and evaluated because of their potential to transmit diseases. One step in monitoring and evaluation could be conducted by assessing the presence of prevalent mosquito’s vectors including their species diversity and composition. The present study has successfully recorded the diversity and community composition of mosquitoes in two villages in Banyuasin District, South Sumatra Province, Indonesia. The research was conducted for four months from December 2016 to March 2017 by collecting mosquitoes using Indoor and Outdoor Human Landing Collection method (HLC). The result shows that there were 8239 mosquitoes collected consisting of 12 genera and 38 species. Mansonia is found as the most dominant genus in Sedang Village, while in Muara Sugih Village, Culex is the most dominant. Assessment on species diversity showed that Sedang Village haes higher diversity compared to Muara Sugih Village. Further analysis indicates that environmental characteristics and presence of water plant play important role in the diversity, abundance, and dominance of mosquitoes. Waterlogged area covered with Pistia stratiotes in Sedang Village likely facilitate the breeding of Mansonia spp while extensive rice field in Muara Sugih Village may enable the high numbers of Culex spp. Anopheles spp. and Aedes spp. mosquitoes. The findings of this study suggest the rationale for the high cases of filariasis in Banyuasin District. Future research should be directed to reveal mosquitoes’ dispersal pattern and its potential as disease vector, the risk of transmitted disease, and further prevention to reduce the number of filariasis cases.
Ecological aspects and genetic diversity of Shorea balangeran in two forest types of Muara Kendawangan Nature Reserve, West Kalimantan, Indonesia FITRI INDRIANI; ULFAH J SIREGAR; DEDEN D MATRA; ISKANDAR Z SIREGAR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 2 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200226

Abstract

Abstract. Indriani F, Siregar U, Matra DD, Siregar IZ. 2019. Ecological aspects and genetic diversity of Shorea balangeran in two forest types of Muara Kendawang Nature Reserve, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 482-488. Shorea balangeran (balangeran) belongs to the Dipterocarpaceae family that is distributed naturally in Indonesia with a wide range of ecological conditions including peat swamp and heath forests. Good adaptability of S. balangeran remains unknown concerning molecular (genetic) responses that are important to provide scientific knowledge for supporting forest restoration, especially for peatland restoration efforts. The main objective of this research was to analyze the ecological aspects and genetic diversity of S. balangeran in two types of forests, namely: peat forests (wetland) and heath forests (dry land). Field research was conducted in Muara Kendawangan Nature Reserve, West Kalimantan following standard vegetation analysis by establishing purposively sample plots (50 m x 50 m). Genetic diversity was assessed by RAPD analysis using ten random polymorphic primers. Results showed that both in heath and peat forests, S. balangeran was dominant, but only at pole and tree stages indicating that poor regeneration capacity of S. balangeran. This finding also confirmed the critically endangered status of S. balangeran as listed in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Genetic analysis using RAPD did not show a clustering of S. balangeran between peat forest and heath forest populations, indicating that S. balangeran has good adaptability to grow in both forest types.
Lichen diversity as indicators for monitoring ecosystem health in Rawa Danau Nature Reserve, Banten, Indonesia RIDA OKTORIDA KHASTINI; INDAH JUWITA SARI; YOLA HERYSCA; SITI SULASANAH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 2 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200227

Abstract

Abstract. Khastini RO, Sari IJ, Herysca Y, Sulasanah S. 2018. Lichen diversity as indicators for monitoring ecosystem health in Rawa Danau Nature Reserve, Banten, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 489-496. Study on environmental changes is very important in present circumstances throughout the world. Lichen biodiversity may provide an excellent measure in bio-monitoring on the ecosystem health of nature reserve areas such as Rawa Danau in Banten Province, Indonesia. At present, this area is highly disturbed due to ecological factors and human activities such as land use for agricultural land and residential area. The objective of this research is to provide the information needed for assessing ecosystem health which will be revealed by the diversity of lichens in the study area. The study was conducted using transect-based plot in three landscapes: residential area, primary forest and secondary forest, while exploration technique was carried out in freshwater swamp area. The cover for lichen species in the substrates and the number of species present were recorded. Shannon-Wiener diversity index was also calculated. A total of 86 specimens were collected from these four areas which resulted in the occurrence of 25 species of lichens belonging to 20 genera and 14 families. Shannon-Winner’s diversity index are ranging from 1.7197 at residential area to 2.6678 at swamp area. The variation in species composition is likely associated with the abiotic and biotic factors of each landscape with the differences in lichen diversity across landscapes suggest an altered environmental condition of in Rawa Danau. The results of this study can be used as baseline information of ecosystem health of Rawa Danau Nature Reserve in the face of future environmental changes.
Importance of the Congonhas River for the conservation of the fish fauna of the Upper Paraná basin, Brazil DIEGO AZEVEDO ZOCCAL GARCIA; ANA PAULA VIDOTTO-MAGNONI; ALEXANDRO DERLY AUGUSTO COSTA; ARMANDO CÉSAR RODRIGUES CASIMIRO; LUCAS RIBEIRO JARDULI; JOÃO DANIEL FERRAZ; FERNANDA SIMÕES DE ALMEIDA; MÁRIO LUÍS ORSI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 2 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200225

Abstract

Abstract. Garcia DAZ, Vidotto-Magnoni AP, Costa ADA, Casimiro ACR, Jarduli LR, Ferraz JD, De Almeida FS, Orsi ML. 2019. Importance of the Congonhas River for the conservation of the fish fauna of the Upper Paraná basin, Brazil. Biodiversitas 20: 474-481. The Upper Paraná River basin is among the most fragmented watersheds in the world. The Congonhas River belongs to this drainage system, which has its mouth in the Capivara Reservoir and can be considered the largest tributary free-from-dam, becoming important for the maintenance of fish species richness. In order to know more about the species present in this tributary, we aimed to provide an inventory of fish fauna of the Congonhas River and reproductive strategies to determine whether the river is used by migratory species and whether there is a longitudinal variation in the fish assembly. These findings will provide subsidies to contribute to the implementation of policies to protect biodiversity. Samplings occurred in the upper, middle and lower stretches of the Congonhas River during four periods between 1991 and 2011. Fishes were captured using gill nets from 2 to 14 cm mesh sizes between opposite knots and cast nets, identified and categorized according to their reproductive strategies. A total of 4,640 individuals belonging to 63 species, of which 79.4% consisted of Characiformes and Siluriformes were captured. Furthermore, 14% of fish were long-distance migratory species (e.g., Piaractus mesopotamicus, Megaleporinus obtusidens, Prochilodus lineatus, Salminus brasiliensis, Pinirampus pirinampu, and Pseudoplatystoma corruscans). In addition, there was an increase in the fish species richness from upstream to downstream. Management actions such as prohibition of fishing, rehabilitation of riparian vegetation, and protection of the basin against dam construction will reduce anthropogenic impacts on the ecosystem. The Congonhas River highlights the importance of preserving lotic environmental for the conservation of migratory and non-migratory Neotropical fish diversity into a heavily modified watershed.
Diversity and distribution of medicinal plants in the Universitas Sumatera Utara Arboretum of Deli Serdang, North Sumatra, Indonesia RAHMAWATY RAHMAWATY; J.B. SAMOSIR; R. BATUBARA; A. RAUF
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 5 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200539

Abstract

Abstract. Rahmawaty, Samosir JB, Batubara R, Rauf A. 2019. Diversity and distribution of medicinal plants in the Universitas Sumatera Utara Arboretum of Deli Serdang, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1457-1465. The plants found in Universitas Sumatera Utara (USU) Arboretum has the potential to be utilized by the local community to meet their food and medicinal needs. The objectives of this study were to calculate the species diversity, to find out the various parts of plants utilized for medicinal purposes and to map the distribution of medicinal plants in the arboretum. Survey and interview methods were used to collect data. The species diversity was determined using Shannon-Wiener index. Geographic Information System (GIS) was used to map the distribution of medicinal plants. The results showed that there were 17 species of medicinal herbs, 21 species of trees and 12 species of poles in the arboretum. The diversity was classified as moderate based on the calculated value. The most predominant part of plants utilized for medicinal purposes were leaves. The distribution of medicinal plants was mostly clustered and uneven. The condition indicates still there is scope for additional planting of medicinal species to increase the diversity of species, especially in the western and the northern part of the arboretum.
Short Communication: Effect of different feed combination on the growth development of spotted cuscus (Spilocuscus maculatus) in captivity MARTHA KAYADOE; ANA ROCHANA; UJANG HIDAYAT TANUWIRIA; SAULAND SINAGA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 2 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200231

Abstract

Abstract. Kayadoe M, Rochana A, Tanuwiria AH, Sinaga S. 2019. Short Communication: Effect of different feed combination on the growth development of spotted cuscus (Spilocuscus maculatus) in captivity. Biodiversitas 20: 526-531. One of the problems in maintaining cuscus in captivity was feed factor. Farmers had given various combinations of feed for cuscus, and several studies had been conducted on cuscus feed. For cuscus feed, it mostly used more than two types of feed, and the most dominant was banana. Inefficiency occurred fresh feed was prepared with more than two types. It can be costly, time-consuming and has more digestibility problem. Therefore, it was necessary to conduct an assessment by limiting the number of feed in two types to see the benefits of the ration (70% carbohydrate feed sources Musa paradisiaca var. mas and 30% from Pometia pinnata leaves, Pongamia pinnata leaves, Ipomoea aquatica, Brassica rapa var. parachinensis and Gryllus spp. The research was conducted for 36 days consisting of 2 periods, namely the adaptation period (5 days) and the data collection period (7 days), 3 times replications. The amount of feeding was limited based on 90% of adequacy of dry matter (preliminary research). The weighting of the initial body weight of cuscus and the final weight was carried out at the beginning and end of the period of data collection. Faecal was collected every day during the period of data collection. Each type of feed and fecal was analyzed for the dry matter. The results showed no significant effect (P>0.01) on dry matter consumption, but significantly affected the digestibility coefficients of dry matter. The preferred ration was 100% M. paradisiaca var. mas, which 49.99g/day, then a combination of M. paradisiaca var. mas with I. aquatica 48.187 g/day and M. paradisiaca var. mas combination with Averrhoa carambola (48.06 g/day), while the less preferred combination was M. paradisiaca var. mas with leaves from forest plants and combination of M. paradisiaca var. mas and animal protein feed sources i.e. Gryllus spp. However, the highest digestibility coefficient was achieved in 100% M. paradisiaca var. mas and M. paradisiaca var. mas combine with Gryllus spp. Furthermore, the relationship between digestibility coefficient and body weight gain showed that the combination of M. paradisiaca var. mas and Gryllus spp. had higher body weight gain compared to 100% Musa paradisiacal var. mas. Based on this study it was concluded that cuscus required a combination of carbohydrate feed sources and animal protein feed sources obtained from M. paradisiaca var. mas and Glyllus spp.
Adaptation of Morus alba and Morus cathayana plants in a different climate and environment conditions in Indonesia NANANG SASMITA; JHON HARDY PURBA; I GUSTI AYU DIYAH YUNITI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 2 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200234

Abstract

Abstract. Sasmita N, Purba JH, Yuniti IGAD. 2019. Adaptation of Morus alba and Morus cathayana plants in a different climate and environment conditions in Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 544-554. Mulberry (Morus alba L. and Morus cathayana Hemsl.) cultivation business as silkworm feed in Indonesia is increasing, considering the benefits of mulberry economically, ecologically and pharmaceutically. This study aimed to determine the mulberry plants adaptation to the ability of life and growth of mulberry cuttings. The research was conducted at three different places i.e.  BPTH Bali, Cianjur Alam Sutra Nursery (West Java) and East Kutai Farming Farm, using Randomized Block Design consisted of mulberry treatments (M. alba and M. cathayana) and three treatments i.e. using Rootone F, Using Organic solution and Control (no added. The results show different growth rates from various regions in Indonesia. Mulberry growth in West Java was the best compared to mulberry which growth in Bali and Kalimantan. The highest live percentage was observed in West Java for M. alba (95%) and M. cathayana (90%), followed by Bali M. alba (85%) and M. cathayana (80%), Kalimantan M. alba (80%) and M. cathayana (75%). The best high parameter of mulberry plant in West Java for M. alba (80cm) and M. cathayana (76 cm), in Bali for M. alba (67 cm) and M. cathayana (76cm), in Kalimantan for M. alba (58 cm) and M. cathayana (50cm). The best mulberry species based on the whole parameter is M. alba in West Java. This means that West Java climate and environmental conditions are good for mulberry cultivation.
Bird fauna encountered at the main campus of the Islamic University of Gaza, Gaza City, Palestine ABDEL FATTAH N. ABD RABOU
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 2 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200242

Abstract

Abstract. Abd Rabou AN. 2019. Bird fauna encountered at the main campus of the Islamic University of Gaza, Gaza City, Palestine. Biodiversitas 20: 604-614. Birds are the most prominent and widespread wildlife species of both natural and urban environments worldwide. The strategic geographic position of Palestine at the meeting point of the three continents; Asia, Africa and Europe, is very crucial for the country's bird diversity. The Gaza Strip has never been studied for bird fauna in its urban environments. Thus, the current study comes to survey the bird fauna at the main campus (82,000 m2) of the Islamic University of Gaza (MC-IUG) as an urban environment. Birds were monitored using direct observations and binoculars for the lasted five years. Bird guidebooks and professional cameras were used throughout the succeeding stages of the study. A total number of 56 bird species, belonging to 26 families and 11 orders were encountered throughout the study at MC-IUG. Passeriformes was the largest order and comprised 35 (62.5%) of the recorded bird species, while the non-passerines constitute the remaining 21 species (37.5%). Muscicapidae was the largest among the recorded families, which was represented by 9 species (16.1%), followed by 8 species of Fringillidae (14.3%) and 5 species of Laniidae (8.9%). Finally, the greening strategy of the Gaza Strip should be adopted by Gazans and the local authorities due to the crucial role of vegetation cover in attracting more biodiversity components; especially bird fauna.
Riparian tree and bird diversity in Cisadane River, South Tangerang City, Indonesia URFI IZZATI; HAYATI SARI HASIBUAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 2 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200241

Abstract

Abstract. Izzati U, Hasibuan HS. 2019. Riparian tree and bird diversity in Cisadane River, South Tangerang City, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 595-603. Riparian is a riverbank area that has unique characteristics. It is a combination of terrestrial with aquatic habitats so that riparian ecosystems have high biodiversity values. Riparian is included in a protected area that is naturally designated for vegetation, but in reality, riparian areas, especially in urban areas, have a lot of conversion of land functions by humans so that it can disrupt diversity of tree and bird species. This study aims to identify the diversity of tree and bird species and the correlation between the two. Riparian length of Cisadane River, South Tangerang City is 20.15 km. The method used was plot line with size of 20 m x 20 m for tree data and line transect for bird data by systematic sampling with a random start then analyzed using Shannon Wiener index. The results obtained were found 22 tree species included in 11 families with species diversity index (H') of 2.707 and 40 bird species belonging to 25 families with species diversity index (H') of 2.794. The diversity of tree and bird species is classified as medium. The results of the analysis using the Pearson correlation between the diversity of tree with bird species obtained that there was no relationship between the two. Based on these results, riparian zones in urban areas need to be maintained and improved in quality so that the diversity of tree and bird species increases so as to create a stable ecosystem.

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