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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Short Communication: Genetic diversity of Indonesian’s sugarcane varieties (Saccharum officinarum) based on RAPD molecular markers RINA SRI KASIAMDARI; Ganies Riza Aristya; HERI PRABOWO; MUHAMMAD FAUZI ARIF; Christy Ariesta
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 10 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d201032

Abstract

Abstract. Kasiamdari RS, Aristya GR, Prabowo H, Ariesta C, Arif MF. 2019. Genetic diversity of Indonesian’s sugarcane varieties (Saccharum officinarum) based on RAPD molecular markers. Biodiversitas 20: 3005-3010. Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) belongs to the Poaceae family which are widely used for sweeteners production. In Indonesia, the need for sugarcane continues to increase along with its increased use in the production of bioethanol from molasses, a by-product of sugar production. However, the supply for sugar is still far from enough. Improvement of sugarcane productivity can be done by selecting superior varieties to form a new superior hybrid. Maintaining high genetic diversity in a population is essential. Selection of varieties is important because it can increase productivity without increasing the cost of crop production. Even the selected pest-resistant varieties can reduce the cost of crop production. Indonesia had produced many superior sugarcane plant varieties, but studies on their characters and genetic relationship are still lacking. Several molecular markers have been used to elucidate the genetic diversity among sugarcane varieties. Random Amplified Polymorphism DNA (RAPD) is one of the molecular markers that have been proven to describe genetic diversity among sugarcane plants. This study aimed to determine the genetic diversity among 22 superior sugarcane varieties in Indonesia based on eight RAPD molecular markers. The superior sugarcane varieties in Indonesia in this study were obtained from Indonesian Sweetener and Fiber Crops Research Institute (ISFRI), Malang and Madukismo Sugar Factory, Yogyakarta. DNA products were visualized by using gel electrophoresis and resolved bands were scored as binary data as presence (1) and absence (0). Linkage distance was done based on Jaccard’s similarity coefficient, and clustering analysis was performed based on the unweighted pair- group average (UPGMA) method. Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) analysis showed a high degree of polymorphism ranging from 0.76 to 0.92. Cluster analysis showed that 22 sugarcane varieties were divided into two main clusters and four sub-clusters based on their origin.     
The potential of Rhizophora mucronata and Sonneratia caseolaris for phytoremediation of lead pollution in Muara Angke, North Jakarta, Indonesia Maman Rumanta
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 8 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200808

Abstract

Abstract. Rumanta M. 2019. The potential of Rhizophora mucronata and Sonneratia caseolaris for phytoremediation of lead pollution in Muara Angke, North Jakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 2151-2158. Environmental pollution by heavy metals has become a serious problem in Jakarta Bay. Mobilization of heavy metals as a result of anthropogenic activities has caused the release of heavy metals into the environment, one of which is Pb. Several methods have already been used to clean up the environment from these kinds of contaminants, but most of them are costly and difficult to get optimum results. Recently, phytoremediation is an effective and affordable technological solution used to extract or remove inactive metals and metal pollutants from contaminated soil and water. This technology is environmentally friendly and potentially cost-effective. These study objectives are (i) to find the accumulating capability of Pb in each plant tissues (roots, stems, and leaves) of R. mucronata and S. caseolaris; (ii) to find stomatal morphological characters of R. mucronata and S. caseolaris. All samples (roots, stems, and leaves) were collected from Muara Angke mangrove forest in North Jakarta. The accumulation of Pb is higher in S. caseolaris leaves than in roots, and stems, and than those in R. mucronata. The concentrations of Pb in roots, stems, and leaves of S. caseolaris were respectively 4.83 ?g/g, 3.37 ?g/g and 15.57 ?g/g and in R. mucronata were 10.50 ?g/g, 5.13 ?g/g and 13.33 ?g/g. Generally, the stomata of mangrove species that live in polluted ecosystems are longer and wider than the stomata of the same mangrove species that live in a non-polluted ecosystem. This is strongly suspected of being related to the physiological adaptation of heavy metal accumulation. This study showed that S. caseolaris is the most suitable species as a phytoremediation agent in the Muara Angke mangrove ecosystem.
Bioactive compound profile of melon leaf extract (Cucumis melo L. ‘Hikapel’) infected by downy mildew Ozie Akbar Pratama; WORO ANINDITO SRI TUNJUNG; SUTIKNO SUTIKNO; BUDI SETIADI DARYONO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 11 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d201143

Abstract

Abstract. Pratama OA, Tunjung WAS, Sutikno, Daryono BS. 2019. Bioactive compound profile of melon leaf extract (Cucumis melo L. ‘Hikapel’) infected by downy mildew. Biodiversitas 20: 3448-3453. Plants express specific secondary metabolites (phytoalexin) in response to infection. Downy Mildew which infects melon plants (Cucumis melo L. ‘Hikapel’) caused by Pseudoperonospora cubensis Rostovtsev. Hikapel is one of superior melon cultivar produced from research in the Laboratory of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Bioactive content of Hikapel melon leaf under normal condition and infected by Downy Mildew yet to be researched. This research aims to screen bioactive profile of Hikapel leaf extract that has potential as phytomedicine. Leaf extract is compared between healthy plants and infected by Downy Mildew. Dried melon leaf was powdered using mortar and pestle. Leaf powder was extracted using hexane solvent. Extract was analyzed using a Shimadzu GCMS-QP2010S. Analysis found useful compounds like phytol, methyl ricinoleate, methyl linoleate, methyl stearate, and 1-hexacosanol. with therapeutic activity such as antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, antiinflammatory, antidiuretic, antidiarrheal, lowering blood LDL-C level, insulin level booster, antiproliferative, and anticancer. Some bioactive compounds are only synthesized in Hikapel melon leaf under stress conditions.
The first report of ants (Formicidae: Hymenoptera) in salt marshes and salt pans in central parts of Iran MOHAMMAD REZA MOHSENI; SHAHROKH PASHAEI RAD
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 9 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200915

Abstract

The present study was conducted in Salt marshes and Salt pans in central parts of Iran. 121 specimens of ants were collected by trapping and hand during spring, summer and autumn 2017 to 2019. Nine species belong to two subfamilies of Myrmicinae and Formicinae were identified. The vegetation, physical and chemical parameters of soil such as salinity, Ph, and other factors were investigated. Darband Shoor Mountain station with five species had the highest diversity and vegetation density and the lowest salinity of soil (72.14 ds/m) whereas Salt Lake station had only one species, with no vegetation and the highest salinity of soil (153.15 ds/m). Cataglyphis lividus (André, 1881) was the dominant species in all the stations except in Darband Shoor Mountain station. All the species were reported for the first time from salt marshes and salt pans in the central parts of Iran and were approved by Prof. Brian Taylor, in Royal Entomological Society of London, England.
Species richness of trees in disturbed habitats within a protected area and its implications for conservation: The case of Mt. Apo Natural Park, Mindanao Island, Philippines BENEDICT R. ZAPANTA; MARION JOHN MICHAEL M. ACHONDO; AARON FROILAN M. RAGANAS; FRITZIE A.; AILEEN GRACE D. DELIMA; JUNALDO A. MANTIQUILLA; ROBERTO P., JR. PUENTESPINA; FLORENCE ROY P. Salvaña
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 7 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200740

Abstract

Abstract. Zapanta BR, Achondo MJMM, Raganas AFM, Camino FA, Delima, AGD, Mantiquilla JA, Puentespina, RP, Salvaña FRP. 2019. Species richness of trees in disturbed habitats within a protected area and its implications for conservation: The case of Mt. Apo Natural Park, Mindanao Island, Philippines. Biodiversitas 20: 2081-2091. In order to improve forest management, it is fundamental to develop baseline information on species distribution i.e., richness and presence of endemic and threatened species in varying conditions of environmental degradation. In the Philippines, there is a growing number of studies which provided important information on pristine habitats (e.g. primary forest), however, there is a scarcity of studies on disturbed habitats. Here, we present baseline information on the tree species diversity in disturbed habitats like those portions converted to agricultural lands planted with fruit trees and other commercial crops within Mt. Apo National Park. A total of 139 tree species including a single gymnosperm was identified within the study sites. Of the species identified, the dominant families included Moraceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, Meliaceae, Lauraceae, Myrtaceae, Arecaceae, Dipterocarpaceae, and Verbenaceae. Nineteen species were considered endemic including the Mindanao endemic, Lindera apoensis. Within this number, 47% are considered threatened on their range and four species viz. Parashorea malaanonan, Shorea contorta, and Shorea negrosensis are Critically Endangered with decreasing population records. The results of this current study suggest that disturbed habitats in Mt. Apo Natural Park still harbor endemic and threatened species, which are ecologically and economically important. Establishing a list of tree species in the area provides important information needed for the restoration of some disturbed areas which are abandoned by locals. The presence of endemic and threatened species also indicates that conservation, protection, and forest management efforts should be extended and allocated towards disturbed areas in the national park.
Allometric equations to estimate the above-ground biomass of trees in the tropical secondary forests of different ages Karyati Karyati; ISA B. IPOR; ISMAIL JUSOH; MOHD. EFFENDI WASLI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 9 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200901

Abstract

Abstract. Karyati, Ipor IB, Jusoh I, Wasli ME. 2019. Allometric equations to estimate the above-ground biomass of trees in the tropical secondary forests of different ages. Biodiversitas 20: 2427-2436. The allometric equations for trees of secondary forests of different ages in abandoned lands after shifting cultivation are still rarely available. The objective of this study was to develop allometric equations to estimate the above-ground biomass (AGB) of trees (DBH of > 5 cm) in the tropical secondary forest of different ages, namely 5, 10, and 20 years after abandonment. The selected trees in this study represented the dominant and rare species and DBH classes in each study site. The trunk dry biomass and AGB showed strong correlations (adjusted R2= 0.59-0.95) with diameter at breast height (DBH) and height. The leaf and branch dry biomass had weak correlations with height (adjusted R2=0.36-0.50). The developed allometric equations were suitable for trees of secondary forests of different ages, because the selected samples used in the destructive method were based on a field inventory data of forest structure and floristic composition.
The use of multiplex-PCR method in identification of Candida species from vaginal candidiasis patients SUSILAWATI; KEMAS YA’KUB RAHADIYANTO; MUHAIMIN RAMDJA; THEODORUS; Hermansyah Hermansyah
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 10 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d201040

Abstract

Abstract. Susilawati, Rahadiyanto KY, Ramdja, Theodorus, Hermansyah. 2019. The use of multiplex-PCR method in identification of Candida species from vaginal candidiasis patients. Biodiversitas 20: 3063-3069. Vaginal Candidiasis is an infection caused by a yeast called Candida which may be resulted in different virulences, thus leading to a varied drug of choice for therapy. The objective of this study was to determine the sensitivity and specificity of multiplex-PCR test in detecting Candida species in women with clinical diagnosis of vaginal candidiasis. There were 79 vaginal swab samples which fulfill inclusion criteria. Samples were cultured at ASD media for isolation of Candida spp. Identification of Candida spp. was conducted using both biochemical fermentation and multiplex-PCR methods. Primers pairs used in multiplex-PCR were universal primer ITS1 and ITS2, and specific primer CA3 and CA4. The identification test of multiplex-PCR resulted in Candida krusei: sensitivity: 100%, specificity:61,1%, Positive Prediction Value (PPV):63.2%, Negative Prediction Value (NPV): 100%; C. glabrata: sensitivity:0%, specificity: 100% PPV: 0% NPV: 76.7%; C. tropicalis: sensitivity:100%, spesificity:100%, PPV: 100% NPV: 100%; C. albicans: sensitivity: 33.3%, specificity: 100%, PPV: 100%, NPV: 93.1% and C. stellatoidea: sensitivity:: 100%, specificity:92.6%, PPV: 60%, NPV: 100%. These results suggested that multiplex-PCR method becomes a rapid alternative in identifying species of Candida due to its high sensitivity and high specificity.
Short Communication: The color fastness of cotton cloth dyed with dye extracted from skin of shallot (Allium ascalonicum) sarwono sarwono; SIGIT SANTOSA; NADIA SIGI PRAMESWARI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 9 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200907

Abstract

Abstract. Sarwono, Santosa S, Prameswari NS. 2019. Short Communication: The color fastness of cotton cloth dyed with dye extracted from skin of shallot (Allium ascalonicum). Biodiversitas 20: 2475-2479. Inventing new sources of materials in textile coloration industry in Indonesia, especially batik industry, is necessary for the preservation of Indonesia’s textile heritage. Focusing on the exploitation of Allium ascalonicum L., this present study aimed at discovering whether shallot skin can be used as a natural dye for textile through the fixation of alum, chalk, and tunjung. It also tried to shed light on the method of applying dye from the skin of shallot to cotton cloth for batik and measured the color fastness. The test of color fastness was done using Staining Scale and Grey Scale. Data were gathered through observation and analyzed descriptively. The results of color fastness test showed that the color fastness of cotton cloth dyed with extract of shallot skin using alum fixation was fairly good based on color change and sufficient based on staining scale. The test results using chalk fixation showed that the color fastness was poor based on color change, but sufficient based on staining scale. Other results with tunjung fixation showed that the color fastness was sufficient. 
Growth performance and wood quality of white jabon (Neolamarckia cadamba) progeny testing at Parung Panjang, Bogor, Indonesia Nurul Chaerani; DEDE J SUDRAJAT; ISKANDAR Z SIREGAR; ULFAH J SIREGAR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 8 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200826

Abstract

Abstract. Chaerani N, Sudrajat DJ, Siregar IZ, Siregar UJ. 2019. Growth performance and wood quality of white jabon (Neolamarckia cadamba) progeny testing at Parung Panjang, Bogor, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 2295-2301. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic parameters of growth and wood quality in white jabon progeny test at 54 months old in Parung Panjang, Bogor. The 105 half-sib families obtained from 12 provenances were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with five replications. Wood quality was assessed both in a non-destructive way using a pilodyn and by destructive method using wood sample taker. Results indicated that the mean value ranged from 5.10 to 10.15 m for height, 6.67 to 15.30 cm for diameter, 2.30 to 3.62 cm for pilodyn penetration, 0.66 to 0.82 g/cm3 for wood density, 0.33 to 0.50 for specific gravity, and 66 to 111 % for moisture content, respectively. There were significant differences among 105 families for all traits except moisture content. The high heritability estimate was found for height (0.4-0.69) and basic density (0.27-0.59). Applying 80% selection intensity on diameter and leaving 84 best families in each block will produce a high total genetic gain. Pilodyn penetration had negative correlation with diameter, wood density, and specific gravity.
Genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship among Anabantoidei fish (Anabantiformes) in South Kalimantan, Indonesia based on SDS-PAGE analysis Rani Sasmita; Mabrur Mabrur; UMMY SHALIHA AULIA RAHMY; Badruzsaufari Badruzsaufari
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 9 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200913

Abstract

Abstract. Sasmita R, Mabrur, Rahmy USA, Badruzsaufari. 2019. Genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship among Anabantoidei fish (Anabantiformes) in South Kalimantan, Indonesia based on SDS-PAGE analysis. Biodiversitas 20: 2519-2527. Protein profile is a molecular marker for diversity and phylogenetic analysis of germplasm, including Anabantoidei fish which is abundant in freshwater ecosystem of South Kalimantan. The aim of this research was to analyze genetic diversity and construct phylogenetic relationship among Anabantoidei fish based on SDS PAGE analysis. Protein was extracted from muscle tissue of six species of Anabantoidei fish and precipitated using Ammonium sulfate salt. Soluble protein content was determined using Bradford assay and then separated based on SDS-PAGE method. Genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship were constructed using PAST software based on UPGMA method. The results showed that the soluble protein of fish muscle can be precipitated optimally in different ammonium sulfate concentration. Based on SDS-PAGE analysis, 59 different protein bands have been separated from gels with molecular weight ranging from 28.15 to 181.61 kDa. On the protein level, the Anabantoidei fish showed high genetic polymorphism (greater than 90%) with 3, 2 and 5 monomorphic bands on non-precipitated, AS-precipitated and combination between non- and AS-precipitated proteins, respectively. The phylogenetic reconstruction also exhibited that the Anabantoidei fish has the unique phylogenetic trees, especially for the combined protein datasets. This information would be useful for freshwater fish conservation and breeding programs.

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