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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
 168   169   170   171   172 
Volatile compound profiles and cytotoxicity in essential oils from rhizome of Curcuma aeruginosa and Curcuma zanthorrhiza RIZKI FITRIA; DJAROT SASONGKO HAMI SENO; BAMBANG PONTJO PRIOSOERYANTO; HARTANTI; Waras Nurcholis
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 10 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d201024

Abstract

Abstract. Fitria R, Seno DSH, Priosoeryanto BP, Hartanti, Nurcholis W. 2019. Volatile compound profiles and cytotoxicity in essential oils from rhizome of Curcuma aeruginosa and Curcuma zanthorrhiza. Biodiversitas 20: 2943-2948. Cancer becomes one of the uncontagious diseases that occupy the top position in the cause of human death under 70 years in the world. Breast cancer is the most widely experienced cancer by women. The aim of this study was to obtain cytotoxic activity essential oil of Curcuma aeruginosa and Curcuma zanthorrhiza as antiproliferative substance of cancer cells and to analyze volatile profile of C. aeruginosa and C. zanthorrhiza essential oils. The essential oils were obtained from rhizomes of C. aeruginosa and C. zanthorrhiza by using hydrodistillation method. Volatile compositions of essential oils were analyzed using gas chromatography and mass spectrophotometry (GC/MS). The cytotoxic activities of the essential oil samples were evaluated using brine shrimp lethality test and against MCF-7 (Michigan Cancer Foundation-7) and Vero cells. The essential oils of C. aeruginosa, and C. zanthorrhiza showed cytotoxic activities to brine shrimp and MCF-7. Cytotoxic activity presented in essential oil from C. aeruginosa and C. zanthorrhiza showed lower activity compared with Doxorubicin. The major compounds of C. aeruginosa were tropolone (18.1%), eucalyptol (17.9%), and curcumol (5.7%), whereas C. zanthorrhiza were xanthorrhizol (26.8%), b-curcumene (17.0%), ar-curcumene (15.0%), and germacrone (5.4%).
Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of essential oils of Thymelaea hirsuta from Algeria Souheila Bounab; Takia Lograda; Messaoud Ramdani; Pierre Chalard; Gilles figueredo
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 10 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d201012

Abstract

Abstract. Souhila B, Takia L, Messaoud R, Pierre C, Gilles F. 2019. Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of essential oils of Thymelaea hirsuta from Algeria. Biodiversitas 20: 2868-2876. The objectives of this study were to determine the chemical composition and to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Thymelaea hirsuta (L.) Endl., essential oils from seven sampling locations in M'sila region (Algeria). Extraction of essential oils was carried out by the hydro-distillation; the analysis of chemical composition of essential oil was carried out by GC-MS. Antimicrobial activity was performed by disc diffusion method at the essential oil concentration of non-diluted and diluted (1:2, 1:4 and 1:8 v:v of DMSO) against eight species of bacteria. The results showed that the average yields of essential oils were 0.3 ± 0.12%. A total of 45 components were identified, averaging 98.2 ± 1.85% of the total oils. The main components were nonanal-n (10.39 ± 3.21%), hexadecanoic acid (9.77 ± 2.81%), nonanoic acid (9.13 ± 6.49%), triacontane (7.2 ± 3.34%), isopropyl tetradecanoate (6.16 ± 1.99%) and tridecane (4.87 ± 3.1%). Based on the UPGMA cluster analysis, there were two clades of T. hirsuta. T. hirusta has a chemical polymorphism with different chemotypes marked in nature. There were four chemotypes identified in the essential oil of T. hirsuta in the region of M'sila. The essential oil of T. hirsuta has antibacterial activity against eight tested bacteria on the concentration-dependentt manner.
Cellulolytic enzyme-producing thermophilic Actinobacteria isolated from the soil of Cisolok Geysers, West Java, Indonesia PUTRI PRATIWI SETYANINGSIH; FITRIA NINGSIH; MAZYTHA KINANTI RACHMANIA; WINDA AYU SYAFITRI; DHIAN CHITRA AYU FITRIA SARI; SHUHEI YABE; AKIRA YOKOTA; ARIYANTI OETARI; Wellyzar Sjamsuridzal
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 11 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d201105

Abstract

Abstract. Setyaningsih PP, Ningsih F, Rachmania MK, Syafitri WA, Sari DCAF, Yabe S, Yokota A, Oetari A, Sjamsuridzal W. 2019. Cellulolytic enzyme-producing thermophilic Actinobacteria isolated from the soil of Cisolok Geysers, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 3134-3141. This study investigated 17 thermophilic Actinobacteria isolated from the soil of geysers in the Cisolok geothermal area, West Java, as potential producers of cellulase. Screening for cellulase was performed on minimal (Mm) agar medium with and without the addition of 1% (w/v) carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), then incubated at 45, 50, 55 and 60°C for up to 7 days. Formation of clear zones around colonies indicated cellulose hydrolysis. The results showed that 15, 14, 4, and 3 isolates showed cellulolytic activity on CMC agar medium at 45, 50, 55, and 60°C, respectively, after 7 days of incubation. Three potential isolates showed cellulolytic activity on MCC agar medium after being incubated for 7 days at 45°C. Molecular identification based on the 16S rRNA gene was performed for three isolates with positive cellulolytic activity at 60°C. The results showed that the three isolates are closely related to Actinomadura keratinilytica WCC-2265T with 99.93-100% sequence similarities. A phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences confirmed that the three isolates were clustered together with Actinomadura keratinilytica WCC-2265T with 100% bootstrap value. The tree also showed that cellulase producers and non-cellulase producers in Thermomonosporaceae are grouped into different clades.
A novel subspecies-specific primer targeting the gyrase B gene for the detection of Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. brasiliense Tri Joko; ALAN SOFFAN; MUHAMMAD SAIFUR ROHMAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 10 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d201037

Abstract

Abstract. Joko T, Soffan A, Muhammad Saifur Rohman MS. 2019. A novel subspecies-specific primer targeting the gyrase B gene for the detection of Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. brasiliense. Biodiversitas 20: 3042-3048. Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. brasiliense is one of the major causative bacterial pathogens of the soft rot disease in various crops. It has a high virulence and a wide range of hosts in the tropics and the subtropics. Most often, conventional methods are not able to accurately distinguish P. carotovorum subsp. brasiliense from other subspecies. Thus, this study aimed to design a specific gyrase B gene (gyrB) -based primers for the detection and identification of soft rot pathogen. The specific primers design was based on the alignment using gyrB gene sequence data from P. carotovorum subsp. brasiliense and other data from the GenBank. The primers comprised of F-gyr-Pcb (5’-CAC AGG CAC CGC TGG CTG TT-3’) and R-gyr-Pcb (5’-CGT CGT TCC ACT GCA ATG CCA-3’) with an amplicon of 336 base pairs. The specificity of the primers pair was verified both in silico and in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays, where the primers could only detect P. carotovorum subsp. brasiliense. Primers’ sensitivity was determined by qualitative PCR with a detection limit of less than 0.5 ng/µL of genomic DNA. Hence, the proposed detection tool can be beneficial to advance further studies on the ecology and epidemiology of soft rot diseases.
Isolation and characterization of cDNA clones encoding a novel subfamily sporamin B in sweet potato Jollanda Effendy; Don R. LaBonte; Darda Efendi
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 10 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d201036

Abstract

Abstract. Effendy J, Labonte DR, Efendi D. 2019. Isolation and characterization of cDNA clones encoding a novel subfamily sporamin B in sweet potato. Biodiversitas 20: 3033-3041. Three cDNAs (IbH23, IbH41, and IbH74) encoding sporamin of sweet potato, were isolated from a skinning injury cDNA library. The open reading frame consisted of 288 nucleotides and the deduced polypeptide sequences consist of 96 amino acids with missing 127 amino acid residues at 5?. The sequences shared identity [42-62% (IbH23 and IbH41) and 40-61% (IbH74)] to sporamins A and B previously identified in other sweet potato species. The IbSpors contained three of four signature cysteine residues of sporamin family (Cys135, Cys198, Cys209). In addition to similarity to sporamins, these cDNA clones also showed similarities to miraculin (29-35%); Kunitz trypsin inhibitor (29-36%); factor Xa inhibitor (32-38%); subtilisin inhibitor (26-37%); seed protein (32%); tumor-related protein (36% in IbH23 and IbH41); and [wound-responsive protein (30%), sexual organ responsive protein (29%), and proteinase inhibitor (26%) can only be found in IbH74]. The three partial mRNA transcripts showed induced and transient expression in response to skinning injury. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that they belonged to a new member of sporamin gene subfamily B and may play key roles in plant defense and wound repair in response to skinning injury in storage roots of sweet potato.
Phenotypic and morphometric characteristics of Bangkaew dog in Phitsanulok Province, Thailand Suphawadee Yaemkong; PRAPASIRI JAIPONG; PATTHANUN KOTHAM; TUAN NGUYEN NGOC
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 10 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d201013

Abstract

Abstract. Yaemkong S, Jaipong P, Kotham P, Ngoc TN. 2019. Phenotypic and morphometric characteristics of Bangkaew dog in Phitsanulok Province, Thailand. Biodiversitas 20: 2877-2882. A research study was conducted to analyze phenotypic and morphometric characteristics of Bangkaew dogs in Mueang, Phromphirum, and Bangrakam districts, Phitsanulok Province, Thailand. In total, 54 Bangkaew dogs were randomly sampled by purposive sampling from 20 farmers between November 2018 and March 2019. The data consisted of nine phenotypic characteristics that were recorded visually and five morphometric characteristics that were obtained by using descriptive statistics and analysis of ANOVA to compare difference among means and correlation coefficients. Majority of the standard identities of Bangkaew dogs were according to the breed such as the guard coat around the face (100.00%), the guard coat around the neck or the chest coat (100.00%), the coat of belly (100.00%), the guard coat behind ears (100.00%), the lion’s leg shape (100.00%), the long coat from hip to the upper thigh (100.00%), and the plume tail (100.00%), except for the guard coat from the ruff around the shoulder (98.15%). Moreover, the coat of hair of Bangkaew dogs in this study was white-brown color (55.31%), followed by white-gray color (23.92%), white-black color (10.78%), brown color (6.44%), gray color (2.11%), and black color (1.44%), respectively. Least square means of males morphometric characteristics was significantly (p<0.05) greater than female body weight (21.44 ± 3.33 kg vs. 19.04 ± 3.01 kg), body height (49.52 ± 4.09 cm vs. 46.21 ± 5.30 cm) and leg length (38.64 ± 8.88 cm vs. 34.31 ± 5.75 cm), except for body width (19.48 ± 5.82 cm vs. 17.76 ± 4.24 cm; p>0.05), and for body length of females (55.76 ± 9.37 cm vs. 55.00 ± 7.18 cm; p>0.05) was superior to males of Bangkaew dogs. The correlations among morphometric characteristics such as body width vs. leg length, body length vs. body height, body weight vs. body height, body weight vs. body length, and body height vs. leg length, were 0.64, 0.56, 0.52, 0.34, and 0.33, respectively. These results implied that in order to conserve standard identities and improve morphometric characteristics, their typical characteristics such as structure, coat of hair and body size required by raisers should be considered in the breeding selection and mating system.
Unexpected patterns of genetic connectivity in Lobophyllia corymbosa (Forskål, 1775) around Sulawesi, Indonesia Widyastuti Umar; ASMI CITRA MALINA A.R. TASSAKKA; Paul Henry Barber; Jamaluddin Jompa
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 9 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200940

Abstract

Abstract. Umar W, Tassakka ACMAR, Barber PH, Jompa J. 2019. Unexpected patterns of genetic connectivity in Lobophyllia corymbosa (Forskål, 1775) around Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 2744-2749. Sulawesi is a strategic area for the biological networks of marine organisms, especially for Scleractinian corals. Sulawesi is located centrally in Indonesia and influenced by Pacific and Indian Ocean currents and shown in unique biodiversity patterns. However, research in this region is very limited. The wide distribution and lack of information on dispersal and connectivity make Lobophyllia corymbosa an exciting candidate in this study for genetic connectivity at the heart of the Indonesian Coral Triangle Area (ICTA), using Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) genome. Sampling sites (Palu, Mamuju, Sinjai, and Luwuk Banggai) with different coral fragments were collected from each site, DNA extracted, and mitochondrial COI gene was amplified. The results of the analysis were unexpected, and we hypothesise that the observed pattern was due to the evolution of different lineages within this region. The distance index and genetic diversity showed a close relationship between Mamuju and Luwuk Banggai, while Sinjai and Palu had a different genetic pattern. The global current patterns, complicated geography, and habitat condition could lead to such an outcome. Hard coral larvae arriving in an area might bypass a number of possible "stepping stones", resulting in unique patterns and leading to unexpected genetic connections within and between areas.
Detection of Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) DNA in the polychaetes from shrimp ponds suffering white feces syndrome outbreaks Desrina Desrina; Slamet Budi Prayitno; Alfabetian Harjuno Condro Haditomo; Rusthesa Latritiani; Sarjito Sarjito
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210144

Abstract

Abstract. Desrina, Prayitno S B, Haditomo A H C, Latritiani R, Sarjito S. 2020. Detection of Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) DNA in the polychaetes from shrimp ponds suffering white feces syndrome outbreaks. Biodiversitas 21: 369-374. Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) is the newly emerging pathogen of farmed shrimp in Asia. EHP was associated with white feces syndrome (WFS) in shrimp because the spores existed in the feces of shrimp with WFS. Polychaetes are benthic invertebrates and potential to contribute to EHP outbreaks in a pond by acquiring the pathogen and transfer it to shrimp upon feeding. The objective of this study was to determine (1) the occurrence of EHP in polychaetes with Giemsa staining of the coelomic fluid, 1-step PCR and histopathology and (2) to determine pathological changes of EHP infected tissues. Polychaetes were obtained from 20 shrimp ponds located in 9 districts along the North Coast of Java Island, Indonesia. There were no EHP spores detected in the stained coelomic fluid. The 1-step PCR analysis was able to detect the EHP DNA (prevalence was 10%). The Alignment of EHP DNA sequence found in polychaetes showed 100% identity with a published sequence. Histopathological examination showed hypertrophy cells and nuclei, however, no EHP mature spores were found in the epithelial cells on the mucosal layer of the stomach and intestines. Although methods used did not give the convergence results, however, a result of PCR and sequence analysis showed that EHP occurred in the polychaetes in the WFS infected ponds at low point prevalence.
Short Communication: Determination of the age of the Paddy Field Frog, Fejervarya cancrivora (Anura: Dicroglossidae) by using skeletochronology Ni Luh Putu Rischa Phadmacanty; Hellen Kurniati
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 9 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200939

Abstract

Abstract. Phadmacanty NLPR, Kurniati H. 2019. Short Communication: Determination of the age of the Paddy Field Frog, Fejervarya cancrivora (Anura: Dicroglossidae) by using skeletochronology. Biodiversitas 20: 2739-2743. The age of 102 individuals of paddy field frog (Fejervarya cancrivora) from Karawang District, West Java, Indonesia was skeletochronological determined. Hematoxylinophilic lines interpreted as lines of arrested growth (LAG) were observed clearly in the femur bone suggesting that this technique can be used to estimate the age of the frog, although the level of accuracy is likely to be strongly influenced by external and internal factor. In general, age estimates look close to accuracy at mature age levels; which one LAG equals the age of the frog that has passed one year old. The age structure of F. cancrivora from a paddy field in Karawang District has the maximum age of five years in females and four years in males. In general, adult females were not significantly larger than adult males.
Pitcher morphology and pitcher coloring of Nepenthes mirabilis Druce. from East Kalimantan, Indonesia TRI HANDAYANI; JULISASI TRI HADIAH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 10 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d201007

Abstract

Abstract. Handayani T, Hadiah JT. 2019. Pitcher morphology and pitcher coloring of Nepenthes mirabilis Druce. from East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 2824-2832. The shape and color of Nepenthes pitchers play an important role in attracting preys. The terrestrial and aerial pitchers have different shapes in accordance with different preys they trap. This species has high potential as an ornamental plant due to the pitcher’s varied sizes, shapes and colors, which information of the wild species is inadequate. This study aimed to identify the morphological characters, size, and colors of pitcher and its parts (tendril, pitcher body, lid, peristome, wing) of N. mirabilis growing in the wild in East Kalimantan. Samples for morphological observation comprised 90 terrestrial pitchers and 90 aerial pitchers, and samples for pitcher coloring observation comprised 650 terrestrial pitchers and 650 aerial pitchers. The results showed that the shape of terrestrial pitchers were narrowly ovoid in the lower part and cylindrical toward the top. The aerial pitchers were infundibular in the lower part, narrowly ovoid in the middle then cylindrical toward the top. The highest percentage of terrestrial pitcher tendril’s color was green and the aerial pitcher tendril’s was reddish green. Most pitcher body’s color was green in the lower part and green with purple stripes in the upper part on both terrestrial and aerial pitchers (21.07% and 16.15%, respectively). The wing color of both pitchers was mostly purplish dark red which possessed the highest percentages (30.31% and 40.64%, respectively). The dominant peristome color of terrestrial pitcher was brownish dark red (26.15%), whereas that of the aerial pitcher was purplish dark red (44.19%). The lid color of both terrestrial and aerial pitchers was mostly purplish dark red (38.92% and 31.39% respectively). Bright color was mostly found on the peristome and lid. It was found on 85.38% of terrestrial pitcher’s peristome, 95.22% of terrestrial pitcher’s lid, 81.43% of aerial pitcher’s peristome, and 98.77% of aerial pitcher’s lid. The presence of green color on tendril, pitcher and its parts indicates its function in photosynthesis, whereas the presence of bright color shows its role in capturing preys.

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