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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Population census and age category character of Stump-tailed macaque, Macaca arctoides, in Northern Peninsular Malaysia SYAMIL ABD RAHMAN; MOHD-RIDWAN ABD RAHMAN; AMSAH MOHD ARIF; MUHAMMAD ABDUL-LATIFF ABU BAKAR; BADRUL MUNIR MD ZAIN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 9 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200903

Abstract

Abstract. Syamil AR, Mohd-Ridwan AR, Amsah MA, Abdul-Latiff MAB, Md-Zain BM. 2019. Population census and age category character of Stump-tailed macaque, Macaca arctoides, in Northern Peninsular Malaysia. Biodiversitas 20: 2446-2452. Macaca arctoides is reported to be distributed only in the northern part of Malay Peninsula. Intensive scientific observations have never been carried out before on this neglected macaque in the northern range. Thus, in this article, an estimation of population data on the Malaysian stump-tailed macaques that were found in Wang Kelian forest areas in Perlis State Park, Malaysia is presented. Intensive field observations were conducted from Sept 2018 to January 2019 with scanning sampling. The study revealed a total of 171-176 stump-tailed macaques, consisting of 44 (25%) adult males, 28 (16%) adult females, 19-22 (11%) sub-adult males, 16-19 (10%) sub-adult females, 43 (25%) juveniles, and 21-23 (13%) infants. Two main groups were observed, which were the Nomad and the Batat groups. Their ranging areas appear to sometimes overlap each other, while some Nomad members were observed in the Batat group. The age structure can be differentiated through body size and pelage coloration. The stump-tailed macaque populations in Wang Kelian are sensitive to human presence, while their habitat area is threatened by human illegal poaching activities. More conservation efforts are needed to conserve this neglected macaque from local extinction.
Lectin histochemical study of the quill sebaceous gland in the dorsal skin of the Sunda porcupine (Hystrix javanica) Andhika Yudha Prawira; SAVITRI NOVELINA; HUDA SALAHUDIN DARUSMAN; SRIHADI AGUNGPRIYONO; WARTIKA ROSA FARIDA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 9 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200932

Abstract

Abstract. Prawira AY, Novelina S, Farida WR, Darusman HS, Agungpriyono S. 2019. Lectin histochemical study of the quill sebaceous gland in the dorsal skin of the Sunda porcupine (Hystrix javanica). Biodiversitas 20: 2677-2684. In the Sunda Porcupine skin, the sebaceous glands of the quill follicles are multi-lobed alveolar and better developed than those of hair follicles. Using lectin histochemistry, we have studied the distribution of sugar-binding in the sebaceous glands of quills in comparison with those of hairs in six adult Sunda Porcupines. The skin samples from the thoracodorsal and lumbosacral regions were collected by biopsy procedure and processed for histology, histochemistry, and lectin histochemistry. The results showed that the lectin binding patterns are similar in secretory acinar parts of both types of sebaceous glands. The acini and excretory duct contained neutral carbohydrate and sugar residues. The acini also contained alpha D-mannose sugar residue, while the non-secretory excretory duct and debris in the lumen contained alpha-D-mannose, alpha-L-fucose, and ?>?-N-acetylgalactosamine, and complex type N-glycan (oligosaccharide) sugar residues, as well. The present findings allowed us to suggest, that in Sunda Porcupine functions of the sebaceous glands of quills are more complex and active compared to those of the hairs.
First record of the seagrass-boring shipworm Zachsia sp. (Bivalve: Teredinidae) in natural and transplanted Enhalus acoroides (Hydrocharitaceae) rhizomes in tropical Southwest Pacific Nenni Asriani; Rohani Ambo-Rappe; Mahatma Lanuru
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 11 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d201110

Abstract

Seagrass ecosystems are under threat worldwide. Seagrass transplantation is one restoration approach which is has been tried with uneven success. While transplantation methods and oceanographic parameters have been investigated in attempts to understand the factors affecting transplant survival rate and seagrass transplantation success, little attention has been paid to the possible impact of pests. We observed borer molluscs in a seagrass Enhalus acoroides both from natural bed and transplant area. This is thought to be the first record from Indonesian waters of these bivalve molluscs of the genus Zachsia, family Teredinidae, the only mollusc genus known to bore into seagrass rhizomes. In a further eleven E. acoroides shoots (average length 10.5cm) we found between one and four calcareous burrows 2mm to 5mm in diameter inside the rhizome. Further research is required to determine the species present and its distribution in Indonesian waters as well as the true ecological impact of Zachsia sp. on seagrasses.
The growth and rooting dimensions of the Local and Solomon Albizia in the agroforestry system NIKMATUL AZIZAH; NURHENI WIJAYANTO; DESTA WIRNAS
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 10 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d201034

Abstract

Abstract. Azizah N, Wijayanto N, Wirnas D. 2019. The growth and rooting dimensions of the Local and Solomon Albizia in the agroforestry system. Biodiversitas 20: 3018-3023. Albizia (Falcataria moluccana (Miq.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes) is one of the leguminous plants that has a fast-growing character and profitable wood. Some types of albizia such as local albizia and Solomon albizia are cultivated by the community. Albizia planting can be integrated with crops such as upland paddy in agroforestry systems. Research on albizia planted in the agroforestry system was conducted to analyze the growth and root dimensions. This research was conducted for six months at the Cikabayan Field, Faculty of Forestry, IPB University, Bogor, West Java. This study was composed of two activities, those : (i) analyzing the effect of the albizia provenance on the growth of diameter, height, and canopy area, (ii) analyzing the root dimensions in agroforestry systems. The results showed that the albizia provenance had significant effect fo diameter, height, canopy area, and root length variable. F1 Solomon albizia has the best growth in all measured variables. F1 Solomon albizia has differed significantly with F2 Solomon and local albizia.
Synchronization of GnRH and PGF2? on estrus response, pregnancy, progesterone hormones in crossing of Swamp Buffalo and Water Buffalo in West Sumatra, Indonesia Elly Roza; SALAM N. ARITONANG; HILDA SUSANTI; AFRIANI SANDRA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 10 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d201019

Abstract

Abstract. Roza E, Aritonang SN, Susanti H, Sandra A. 2019. Synchronization of GnRH and PGF2? on estrus response, pregnancy, progesterone hormones in crossing of swamp buffalo and water buffalo in West Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 2910-2914. This study aims to determine the effect of GnRH and PGF2? synchronization on estrus emergence, pregnancy percentage, progesterone hormone levels and blood profile from artificial insemination (AI) of swamp and water buffalo crossing in Sijunjung, West Sumatra. The samples were 21 female swamp buffaloes with criteria clinically healthy, age ? 2.5 years and not pregnant. All buffalos on the first day were synchronized using 250 ?gGnRH (Fertagyl®, Intervet International). All of the buffaloes received 12.5 ?g PGF2? on the seventh day after GnRH injection. On the second day after injection of PG2?, the observation of estrus was carried out, the buffalos with estrus symptoms appeared after performing AI for 18 hours which the estrus symptoms was seen using a 0.5 ml Murrah buffalo semen with a sperm concentration of 500 million. Blood serum of 3-5 ml for the examination of progesterone levels was taken on days 21, 24, and 27 after appeared in AI. Hormone analysis was performed using the Enzyme-Linked Immunoabsorbent Assay (ELISA) method. The variables measured were the percentage of estrus, pregnancy, progesterone hormone levels, and blood profile. Pregnancy examination (PE) was carried out after 90 days in AI through rectal palpation. The data were analyzed descriptively. The results showed synchronization of GnRH and PG2? hormones in buffalo cattle which had 100% estrus, 66.67% pregnancy after AI, pregnant buffalo progesterone concentration 5.09-8.87 ng/mL and non-pregnant 1.11-3.45 ng/mL, total blood protein 7.9 g/L and blood glucose 86.86 mg/dL. The conclusion of this study is that the combination of GnRH and PG2? gives a clear appearance of estrus, progesterone hormone levels, and optimal buffalo blood profile.
Molecular characterization of Mosaic Virus from the cocoa trees showing mosaic symptoms in Yogyakarta, Indonesia Wiwit Probowati; SUSAMTO SOMOWIYARJO; SEDYO HARTONO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 12 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d201232

Abstract

Abstact. Probowati W, Somowiyarjo S, Hartono S. 2019. Molecular characterization of Mosaic Virus From the cocoa trees showing mosaic symptoms in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 3698-3704. Indonesia is the world's second-biggest producer of cacao after Ivory Coast with its cacao plantations spreads over 1,652 million hectares and mostly managed by smallholders. Cacao as a beneficial commodity can provide job opportunities for over 1.64 million people, with its contribution of more than US-$ 1.6 billion/year to national income. However, pest and disease infections are inevitably common constraints for the cacao cultivators. One current disease is caused by Cacao Swollen Shoot Virus (CSSV). Despite its noticeable symptoms on the cacao trees suffering from the disease, the knowledge on both the virus existence and the prevention steps in dealing with it is lacking. The information on the diversity of mosaic virus will help us to comprehend its epidemiologic development and the needed countermeasures, as well as its evolution. This research is intended to study the mosaic disease virus molecularly, the virus was obtained from DR1 clones from Kalibawang cacao plantation in Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta. The virus morphology was observed using a transmission electron microscope applying quick dipping method. The PCR analysis with conserved region ORF1 primers was conducted to detect the viral existence in the infected trees. The identification of CSSV molecular characters was undertaken using PCR sequencing analysis which was then examined using BioEdit and Mega5 programs to initiate a relationship dendrogram. The result showed that the DR1 cacao tree clones from Kalibawang were infected by mosaic virus with mild visual severity of leaf typical symptom. From the electronic microscope observation, a ±100 nm rod-shaped viral particle with a diameter of 15.3 mm was found. On the molecular level, the cause of mosaic symptom has CSSV amplified at conserved regions with size 375 bp. The results are the first report confirming that the molecular cause of cacao mosaic disease in Indonesia is CSSV. The molecular characters of CSSV in Yogyakarta are very different from those found abroad.
Evaluation of water-saving rice status based on morphophysiological characteristics and water use efficiency Didi Darmadi; AHMAD JUNAEDI; DIDY SOPANDIE; SUPIJATNO; ISKANDAR LUBIS; KOKI HOMMA; NURIL HIDAYATI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 10 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d201006

Abstract

Abstract. Darmadi D, Junaedi A, Sopandie D, Supijatno, Lubis I, Homma K, Hidayati N. 2019. Evaluation of water-saving rice status based on morphophysiological characteristics and water use efficiency. Biodiversitas 20: 2815-2823. One strategy to anticipate water shortages in rice production is to use varieties that are efficient in using water and produce high yields. The aim of this study was to measure water consumption, water use efficiency and production performance of several types of rice. The research was conducted during the rainy season from January to April 2018 and the dry season from August to November 2018 in a greenhouse. This study used a completely randomized design. The genetic materials used were 8 varieties consisting of lowland rice (sawah), upland rice (gogo), and land race. The variables analyzed included morphological and physiological characteristics. The results showed that differences in rice types indicated diverse responses to morphological and physiological characteristics on water consumption and water use efficiency (WUE). Mentik Wangi variety had the highest water consumption of 24.1 liters. The IPB 9 G and Jatiluhur varieties achieved the highest water use efficiency of 2.4 and 2.3, respectively. Based on the heatmap analysis, both varieties had similarities in the morphological characteristics of long roots, high root weights, long and broad leaves, and high total grain counts per panicle. The similarity of physiological characteristics was high rates of photosynthesis and low transpiration. Varieties that achieve the highest water use efficiency have the potential to be developed into varieties that are tolerant to limited water conditions.
The existence of coprophilous macrofungi in Banyumas, Central Java, Indonesia: Coprophilous Macrofungi in Banyumas Aris Mumpuni; Nuraeni Ekowati; Daniel Joko Wahyono
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210135

Abstract

Abstract. Mumpuni A, Ekowati N, Wahyono DJ. 2020. The existence of coprophilous macrofungi in Banyumas, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 282-289. Coprophilous fungi are cosmopolitan that inhabiting herbivorous animal feces. Some of them are edible mushrooms, as well as hallucinogenic psychotropic fungi that can be used in the pharmaceutical industry. Studies on coprophilous fungi in Indonesia have not been widely carried out. Tropical climate conditions in Indonesia including in the Ex- Residence of Banyumas, Central Java Province, Indonesia support the growth and spread of coprophilous fungi and are promoted by the spread of herbivorous livestock evenly in almost all regions that always provide suitable dung substrates for the fungal habitat. Based on this background, the purpose of this preliminary study was to obtain coprophilous fungi genera and find out their dominance in the area. This research used survey method with purposive random sampling and focused on macroscopic fungi. The obtained fungi were identified as macro and micro morphologically. From this study, there were 12 genera which were Panaeolus, Coprinopsis, Stropharia, Tricholoma, Lycoperdon, Ascobolus, Rhodocybe, Conocybe, Bolbitius, Leucocoprinus, Mycena, and Hypoloma. The dominance index of the coprophil fungal genera in the ex-residency Banyumas was 0.329; and the coprophil fungi obtained with the highest frequency of occurrence were Coprinopsis (34.4%) and Panaeolus (30.1%).
Short Communication: Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) gene polymorphisms in Madura karapan and beef cattle breed Dyah Perwitasari-Farajallah; ROSE IDA UMMAH; REVA ADZANI NURJANNAH; ACHMAD FARAJALLAH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 10 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d201041

Abstract

Abstract. Perwitasari D, Ummah RI, Nurjannah RA, Farajallah A. 2019. Short Communication: Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) gene polymorphisms in Madura karapan and beef cattle breed. Biodiversitas 20: 3070-3074. Madura cattle breed is one of the four existing indigenous cattle breeds (Aceh, Pesisir, Madura, and Bali) in Indonesia. This Indonesian breed derived from crossbreeding between Bos indicus (zebu) and Bos javanicus (banteng). Cattle raising in Madura focused on three purposes i.e. bull race competition (karapan), beauty contest (sonok) and meat production. Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (somatomedin-IGF-1) is a protein that plays a key role in cell differentiation, embryogenesis, growth, and regulation of metabolism. In cattle, the IGF-1 gene was localized on chromosome 5. Due to their role in the regulation of cell proliferation and animal growth, the IGF-1 and its gene are considered as candidate markers for growth rate and meat production traits. This research aimed to determine nucleotide variations in the IGF-1 gene among Madura karapan and beef cattle. PCR amplification of IGF-1 gene was conducted using a pair of primers. Amplicon was sent to commercial DNA sequencing company (1st Base) to perform DNA sequencing analysis. The size of IGF-1 gene was approximately 762 bp consisted of intron 3, exon 4, and intron 4. Sequence data were analyzed using MEGA 7 to identify the presence of nucleotide variation. Bos indicus (NC032654) was used as a reference sequence. The results showed no polymorphism was observed in intron 3 and exon 4 of Madura karapan and beef cattle breed. We determined G491A point mutation in intron 4. In conclusion, IGF-1 could not be able to be used as a genetic marker to differentiate karapan and beef cattle and furthermore morphological characteristics still can be applied as a standard for selection.
The abundance of canopy arthropods in South Sumatra (Indonesia) freshwater swamp main and ratooned rice applied with bioinsecticides and synthetic insecticide GHANNI PRABAWATI; Siti Herlinda; YULIA PUJIASTUTI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 10 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d201021

Abstract

Abstract. Prabawati G, Herlinda S, Pujiastuti Y. 2019. A comparative study on the arboreal arthropod abundance of rice fields between applied with fungal bioinsecticides and abamectin in the freshwater swamp of South Sumatra, Indonesia (Study case in the main and ratoon rice fields). Biodiversitas 20: 2921-2930. Ratoon rice has been cultivated by local farmers in South Sumatra and can be a source of habitat and niches for the main rice arthropods. The study aimed to compare the abundance of arthropods between main and rationed rice field applied with fungal bioinsecticides and abamectin. This study used bioinsecticides from fungi of Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae, and Cordyceps militaris and control using abamectin. Arboreal arthropods sampled using a sweep net. The abundance of arthropods in the main rice tends to be higher than in ratoon. Spiders found during the two rice seasons were Araneidae, Linyphiidae, Lycosidae, Oxyopidae, Salticidae, Theridiidae, Tetragnathidae, Theridiosomatidae, while predatory insects found were Mantidae, Coenagrionidae, Staphylinidae, Anthicidae, Latridiidae, Formicidae, Coccinellidae, Coccinellidae, Tettigoniidae, Miridae, Carabidae. The fungal bioinsecticides did not reduce the predatory arthropod abundance but the abamectin caused a decrease in the abundance of all guilds. The most drastic decrease was found in web-building spiders. The movement of hunting spiders and the predatory insects of the main to ratoon rice was faster than that of web-building spiders. The existence of ratoon rice could become habitats and niches for arthropods from the main rice. For this reason, controlling the herbivore insects could use bioinsecticides derived from entomopathogenic fungi.

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