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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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First report of naturally occurring recombinant non-coding DNA satellite associated with Tomato yellow leaf curl Kanchanaburi virus on eggplant in Indonesia Argawi Kandito; Sedyo Hartono; Sri Sulandari; Susamto Somowiyarjo; Yepi Arbeta Wdyasari
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210117

Abstract

Abstract. Kandito A, Hartono S, Sulandari S, Somowiyarjo S, Widyasari YA. 2019. First report of naturally occurring recombinant non-coding DNA satellite associated with Tomato yellow leaf curl Kanchanaburi virus on eggplant in Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 129-136. Begomovirus is a viral genus which is a major impediment in the cultivation of plants, especially Solanaceae. Tomato yellow leaf curl Kanchanaburi virus (TYLCKaV) is a member of the Begomovirus genus that is widely reported to infect eggplant and results in severe symptoms of chlorosis. In addition to the type of virus that infects, the severity of symptoms can also be caused by the presence of betasatellite associated with several begomovirus species. The presence of betasatellite that is related to several begomovirus species can lead to more severe symptoms. The aim of this study was to identify satellites associated with begomovirus in Indonesia. Eggplant samples from Bantul, Special Region of Yogyakarta show with mosaic and severe chlorotic symptoms due to Begomovirus infection. Total DNA samples were subject to PCR amplification using universal primer for begomovirus PALIV1978/PAR1C715 and specific primer for betasatellite ?01/?02. The PCR amplification produced a DNA band measuring ± 1600bp, identical size of begomovirus. The amplification of the betasatellite specific primer produced a DNA band featuring ± 1300bp, identical size of betasatellites that were associated with begomovirus in the sample. The results of DNA sequencing, suggested that begomovirus in this study had a close relationship with TYLCKaV from Thailand and Indonesia. Characterization of the satellite-based on nucleotide sequence revealed the presence of stem-loop structures, satellite conservative regions, and adenine-rich regions that resembled structures present in the betasatellite, which were associated with Tomato leaf curl virus and Ageratum yellow vein virus, with no ORF found. These results indicated that the TYLCKaV could be associated with a non-coding satellite. This result is the first report regarding the TYLCKaV association with a non-coding satellite in Indonesia.
Morphological evidence of sexual dimorphism in a Continental anole species of southeastern of Mexico Luis Manuel Badillo Saldaña; AARÓN GARCÍA-ROSALES; J. DANIEL LARA-TUFIÑO; AURELIO RAMÍREZ-BAUTISTA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 11 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d201130

Abstract

Abstract. Badillo-Saldaña LM, García-Rosales A, Lara-Tufiño JD, Ramírez-Bautista A. 2019. Morphological evidence of sexual dimorphism in a Continental anole species of southeastern Mexico. Biodiversitas 20: 3347-3351. Intersexual differences (sexual dimorphism; SD) have been observed in many traits of vertebrate and invertebrate species. These differences evolved as a response to ecological factors, such as the display of morphological and behavioral attributes during reproduction, territorial defense, or differential use of resources. However, some species of lizards do not show high SD, as is the case of some slender small body-sized anoles of the Caribbean Islands. Despite extensive knowledge about SD in island anoles, SD has not been evaluated for most mainland species. Therefore, the goal of this study was to evaluate the SD of a small body-sized species (Anolis unilobatus) throughout its distribution in Mexico, making use of eight morphological characteristics and multivariate analyses. The results showed that snout-vent (SVL) and forearm (FAL) lengths of males are larger than those of females. This could be explained by males being more territorial, so larger size will make them more successful in defending their territory from other males. Therefore, the difference in SVL and FAL between males and females of this species could be related to defense of their territory. The differences observed in morphological structures between males and females could thus support the hypothesis of sexual selection.
Movement, home range size and activity pattern of the golden jackal (Canis aureus, Linneaus, 1758) in Huai Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary, Thailand Khwanrutai Charaspet; ronglarp - sukmasuang; Noraset Khoewsree; Mananya Pla-ard; Nucharin Songsasen; Saksit Simchareon
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 11 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d201141

Abstract

Abstract. Charaspet K, Sukmasuang R, Khoewsree N, Pla-ard M, Songsaen N, Simchareon S. 2019. Movement, home range size and activity pattern of the golden jackal (Canis aureus, Linneaus, 1758) in Huai Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary, Thailand. Biodiversitas 20: 3430-3438. We studied the movement patterns, monthly home range sizes, and activity patterns of the golden jackal in Huai Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary (HKK) from November 2017 to June 2019. Data were obtained by trapping and collaring a female jackal with a satellite collar, and from a concurrent camera trap survey. The female jackal had an average daily movement of 1.7 km, and her overall home range size was 26.3 km2, based on 1,191 locations across 7 months and using the 95% Minimum Convex Polygon (MCP) method. The monthly home range size (95% MCP) was the smallest in December (9.2 km2) and the largest in March (20.51 km2). Results from camera traps revealed 33 species of wild animals, including 16 species of carnivorous mammals and 17 non-carnivorous species. The relative abundance index (RAI) of the jackal was 24.33, which was the highest of all carnivore species, and the second-highest of all species, suggesting jackals were one of the most common mammal species in HKK. Based on camera trap data, the mean diel activity of jackals in HKKwas at 00: 46 hours, and their activity overlapped most with potential prey including hares and small rodents. Results also revealed that golden jackals prefer dry dipterocarp forest compared to other habitat types Our results lead to a better understanding of the ecology of golden jackals in Thailand, and provide a baseline for future research on this species.
Characteristics of catechin extracted from cocoa husks using microwave assisted extraction (MAE) DJALAL ROSYIDI; PURWADI; IMAM THOHARI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 12 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d201222

Abstract

Abstract. Rahayu PP, Rosyidi D, Purwadi, Thohari I. 2019. Characteristics of catechin extracted from cocoa husks using microwave-assisted extraction (MAE). Biodiversitas 20: 3626-3631. Cocoa husks, a by-product of cocoa processing, were investigated as a source of catechin. The objective of this research was to investigate the best extraction time for catechin of cocoa husk using microwave-assisted extraction (MAE). Four different treatments (4, 6, 8, and 10 min) were tested. Catechin was analyzed using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and total phenol content (TPC) and total catechin content (TCC) were determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The longest extraction time (10 min) produced the highest phenolic content, although it was similar to that obtained at 8 min. The IR spectra of the cocoa husk extract were stable for the 4, 6, and 8 min extractions. However, the spectra after the 10 min extraction showed more peaks, especially for phenolic compounds and catechins. The mass spectra of catechin showed a peak at RT 3.11 and a protonated ion peak [M+H]+ at m/z 307. The results for TPC, TCC, FTIR, and LC-MS indicated that a 10 min extraction using MAE was the optimum treatment.
Poverty distribution of different types of forest-related communities: Case study in Wan Abdul Rachman Forest Park and mangrove forest in Sidodadi Village, Lampung Province, Indonesia ROMMY QURNIATI; ARIEF DARMAWAN; RIZKI BAHAGIA UTAMA; MAKOTO INOUE
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 11 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d201107

Abstract

Abstract. Qurniati R, Darmawan A, Utama RB, Inoue M. 2019. Poverty distribution of different types of forest-related communities: Case study in Wan Abdul Rachman Forest Park and mangrove forest in Sidodadi Village, Lampung Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 3153-3163. Forest has important role in community because it can influence social characteristics as well as the quality of life of the household. In the tropics, many people living around forest are in poor conditions. Sidodadi Village of Pesawaran District, Lampung Province bordered to Wan Abdul Rachman (WAR) Forest Park in the upland and mangrove forest in the coastal area represents a good case study of communities living adjacent to forests with different ecosystem type. The research objective was to identify and analyze the characteristics and the level of household poverty of community living around two forested areas (i.e. upland forest in WAR Forest Park versus mangrove forest) in Sidodadi Village. In this village, households were interviewed by randomly selecting 215 respondents. The poverty was analyzed using five indicators, i.e. the economic characteristics, material wealth, health, infrastructure and services, and knowledge. The study found that base on the aggregated five poverty indicators there were no households categorized as poor. However, analyses in each indicator had diverse results. Based on the indicators of knowledge and economic characteristics, we found that most respondents were classified as poor while based on three other indicators there were classified as rich. The poor knowledge level was dominantly in older people who have low formal and informal education, while poverty in terms of economic characteristics due to limited opportunity to have better livelihood. Results also indicate that the poor households were located near mangrove forests while those classified as rich were located near upland forest in WAR Forest Park. The rich households had better opportunities to earn income from limited uses of forest in the upland area, yet similar opportunities were not obtained from mangrove forests. Sustainable use of mangrove forests should be considered to support the livelihood option of the surrounding community to enhance their wealth.
Characterization, identification, and analysis of bioactive compound of endophytic bacteria from Hoya multiflora Blume Dewinta Nur Alvionita; SRI RAHAYU; NISA RACHMANIA MUBARIK
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210125

Abstract

Hoya multiflora Blume has been used for various purposes. Extract hoya has been reported to have bioactivity but extraction from the plant has been inefficient because it requires large biomass. Therefore, one of the appropriate ways to extract its bioactive compounds is using endophytic bacteria. The purposes of this research were to isolate, characterize, test its antimicrobial activity against two pathogenic bacteria  and identify its bioactive compound. A total of 18 isolates from H. multiflora Blume were successfully obtained. Based on antimicrobial test, one isolate was able to inhibit Escherichia coli, one isolate inhibited Staphylococcus aureus and two isolates inhibited both of pathogenic bacteria. In addition, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ethyl acetate extract from HMB 1 was 62.5 ppm, while from HMD 4 was 125 ppm, both against E. coli and S. aureus. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis, HMB 1 was the most similar (99.91%) with Bacillus siamensis KCTC-13613 and HMD 4 was the most similar (100%) with Bacillus aryabhattai B82W22. Using GC-MS, pyrollo[1,2-a]-pyrazine-1,4-dione was found to be dominant compound in the exctract  bacteria of HMB 1and HMD 4 while Stigmasterol was found in extract HMD 4 and extract leaves H. multiflora Blume, respectively.
Short communication: First record of Arapaima gigas (Schinz, 1822) (Teleostei: Osteoglossomorpha), in the Brantas River, Sidoarjo, East Java, Indonesia Mohamad Fadjar; R Adharyan Islamy; Endang Yuli Herawati
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 12 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d201209

Abstract

Abstract. Fadjar M, Islamy RA, Herawati EY. 2019. Short communication: First record of Arapaima gigas (Schinz, 1822) (Teleostei: Osteoglossomorpha), in the Brantas River, Sidoarjo, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 3527-3531. The arapaima (= Arapaima gigas) is the largest freshwater fish in the Neotropical region, obligate air-breathing fish that known to reach up to 3 m - 3.90 m in length and 200 kg in weight endemic to the Amazon basin. Arapaima gigas is giant osteoglossomorph and obligate air?breathing fish and also a native species of the Amazon basin. We present the first record of Arapaima gigas (Schinz, 1822) in Brantas River, Sidoarjo, East Java, Indonesia with diagnostic meristic and morphometrics of the specimens analyzed following Stewart method. Herein, it recorded from the Brantas River basin. This record based on the finding of one live specimen on the tributary of Brantas River basin, and in situ observation of juveniles and adults in the river).
Ecological services of agroforestry systems in selected upland farming communities in the Philippines Romnick Baliton; LEILA LANDICHO; Rowena Esperanza Cabahug; ROSELYN F. PAELMO; Kenneth Laruan; Ramil Rodriguez; ROBERTO G. VISCO; ARNOLD KARL A. CASTILLO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 2 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210237

Abstract

Abstract. Baliton RS, Landicho LD, Cabahug RED, Paelmo RF, Laruan KA, Rodriguez RS, Visco RG, Castillo AKA. 2020. Ecological services of agroforestry systems in selected upland farming communities in the Philippines. Biodiversitas 21: 707-717. A study was conducted in three selected upland farming communities in Nueva Vizcaya, Benguet and Quezon, Philippines to assess the ecological services of agroforestry systems. Results showed that alley cropping was the dominant agroforestry system in Nueva Vizcaya, while vegetable-based and coffee-based multistorey systems were found prevailing in Benguet and Quezon provinces. Agrobiodiversity assessment revealed that the values of Shannon-Wiener diversity index of agroforestry systems in the three study sites were considered to be low to moderate, ranging from 2.21 to 2.71. This validates that the number of individuals per species in the agroforestry landscape was not evenly distributed. The means of biomass in the three study sites, ranging from 106.22-127 tons ha-1, were higher than that of agroforestry systems (102.80 tons ha-1) in the Philippines. The agroforestry systems in Nueva Vizcaya had the largest carbon stock of 57.15 ton C ha-1, followed by Quezon 52.96 ton C ha-1 and Benguet 47.80 ton C ha-1. These results are comparable to the overall mean of carbon stock of tree plantations (59.0 ton C ha-1) and higher than that of agroforestry systems in the Philippines, i.e., 45.4 ton C ha-1. Therefore, this article argues that the different agroforestry systems provide ecological services in the upland farming communities in the Philippines.
The diversity and abundance of Hymenoptera insects on tidal swamp rice field in Indragiri Hilir District, Indonesia ZAHLUL IKHSAN; HIDRAYANI; YAHERWANDI; HASMIANDY HAMID
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 3 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210323

Abstract

Abstract. Ikhsan Z, Hidrayani, Yaherwandi, Hamid H. 2020. The diversity and abundance of Hymenoptera insects on tidal swamp rice field in Indragiri Hilir District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 1020-1026. Hymenoptera is one of the four largest insect orders and it plays a vital role in human life as pollinators, parasitoids, and predators. Hymenoptera parasitoids are particularly important as agents of biological control of pest. The objective of this research was to study the diversity and abundance of Hymenoptera on tidal swamp rice field in Indragiri Hilir District, Riau Province, Indonesia. Samplings were conducted in 3 sub-districts of rice production centers, namely Batang Tuaka, Keritang and Reteh, using four trapping techniques (i.e. insect net, malaise trap, pitfall trap, and yellow pan trap). Shannon diversity index (H '), Krebs evenness index (E), and Jaccard similarity index (Is) were calculated. We found 4,701 individuals consisting of 39 families and 319 species of Hymenoptera at the three studied areas. Tidal swamp rice in Indragiri Hilir District had a high species diversity of Hymenoptera parasitoids and Hymenoptera predators, but a moderate species diversity of Hymenoptera pollinators. Species diversity and evenness of Hymenoptera parasitoids and predators were higher in Keritang than in Batang Tuaka and Reteh. The families of Formicidae, Braconidae, Ichneumonidae, and Scelionidae had the highest number of species, while Formicidae, Scelionidae, Diapriidae, and Braconidae had the highest number of individuals. Based on these findings, the abundance and diversity of Hymenoptera insects in Indragiri Hilir District have the potentials to be developed as biological agents to control pests on tidal swamp rice in this area.
Population parameters and bio-exploitation status of Indian Mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta Cuvier, 1816) in Mayalibit Bay, Raja Ampat, Indonesia Dian Oktaviani; Setiya Triharyuni; Duto Nugroho
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 12 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d201212

Abstract

Abstract: Oktaviani D, Triharyuni S, Nugroho D. Population parameters and bio-exploitation status of Indian mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta Cuvier, 1816) in Mayalibit Bay, Raja Ampat, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 3545-3552. A small-scale fishery in Mayalibit bay, Raja Ampat is one among rare fisheries systems existing in Indonesia. The area already designated as a conservation zone, and Indian mackerel is the main target species by fishers. This species plays a significant role in supplying domestic food. Fisher harvest with a small wooden boat, no engine, one-night fishing using Petro-lamp, and harvested with a scoop net. Monthly based biological observations on population parameters were carried out from March 2011 to April 2012. The result shows that the fish landed with size from 10.0 to 27.0 cm, and 70% of the sample is within 21-23 cm length. Monthly length-weight relationships indicate b value statistically equal to 3. The average unsexed Fulton condition factor index is 1.516 + 0.13 and illustrates the fishes were in suitable environmental conditions. The growth rate (K) is estimated at 0.97, while length infinity (L?) is 28.4 cm. To evaluate the fishery, repeated observation of fishing in Mayalibit bay conducted in 2016. A productivity and susceptibility analysis was applied to predict its bio-exploitation status, and the results indicate that harvest levels are relatively at low-to-medium risk. Nevertheless, most of the fish caught in the bay by traditional knowledge consisted of mature cohorts while limited desk study to semi-industrial fishing targetted the same species in surrounding waters indicated that a significant proportion of undersize or immature individuals are in their landing. This phenomenon suggested that managing the existing local knowledge could significantly contribute to maintaining sustainable spawning stocks in the conservation zone.

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