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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Alstonia scholaris in the ethnomedicinal and religious tradition of Coastal Karnataka, India M Jayakara Bhandary
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 4 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210438

Abstract

Abstract. MJ Bhandary. 2020. Alstonia scholaris in the ethnomedicinal and religious tradition of Coastal Karnataka, India. Biodiversitas 21: 1569-1577. The tribal and non-tribal indigenous communities of coastal districts of Karnataka use Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br. for the treatment of various ailments such as fever, asthma, leucorrhea, eczema, indigestion and also to heal spider bites. An annual health-related ritual of mass drinking of a bitter juice or decoction of the stem bark of this tree on the new moon (amavasya) day of ‘aati’ month of the traditional ‘tulu’ calendar coinciding with the rainy monsoon season is popularly followed in the study area, especially by the rural families. The underlying belief is that this drink keeps away all ailments and ensures wellbeing. The recorded ethnomedicinal uses and the traditional practice of mass drinking of the bitter juice appear to be scientifically meaningful when interpreted on the background of the ayurvedic uses and the wide range of curative properties ascribed to this plant, many of which have been confirmed by reported pharmaco-chemical studies. Studies have also indicated that the toxicity of the bark extract was minimum during monsoon season and the concentration of active principle was maximum in the bark juice collected on the particular new moon day. This further justifies the timing of the described annual medicine drinking event. In addition, some Tulu language-speaking indigenous communities consider this tree as the reincarnation of a mythological demon called Bali and worship its branch during the festival days of Deepavali, in honor of him. Thus, A. scholaris emerges as a plant of great ethnobotanical significance in the study area.
Morphological and molecular characterization of Termitomyces (Lyophyllaceae, Agaricales) in Thailand NICHAREE JANNUAL; MINGKWAN NIPITWATTANAPHON; SASITORN HASIN; Tharnrat Kaewgrajang
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 6 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210620

Abstract

Abstract. Jannual N, Nipitwattanaphon M, Hasin S, Kaewgrajang T. 2020. Morphological and molecular characterization of Termitomyces (Lyophyllaceae, Agaricales) in Thailand. Biodiversitas 21: 2481-2491. Termitomyces is considered to be a highly prized delicacy collected both for home consumption and for sale in local markets. Although the taxonomic information about this genus is well known in Africa, the identification of Termitomyces species in Thailand is unclear. Therefore, this study presented an assessment of phylogenetic relationships in the genus Termitomyces by means of sequencing of the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region and the species characterization by combination of morphological data and molecular data. Total of 61 Termitomyces specimens was collected from a variety of geographical localities of Thailand. They were classified into six species, including T. clypeatus, T. cylindricus, T. fuliginosus, T. heimii, T. microcarpus, and T. striatus based on morphological characteristics combining with molecular characteristics. This is the first diagnostic key of Thai Termitomyces.
Growth prediction for rubber tree and intercropped forest trees to facilitate environmental services valuation in South Thailand Narun Nattharom; SAOWALAK ROONGTAWANREONGSRI; SARA BUMRUNGSRI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 5 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210528

Abstract

Abstract. Nattharom N, Roongtawanreongsri S, Bumrungsri S. 2020. Growth prediction for rubber trees and intercropped forest trees to facilitate environmental services valuation in South Thailand. Biodiversitas 21: 2019-2034.  Tree growth parameters are necessary for valuing ecological services of trees in both natural forest and agroforest. These parameters are difficult to measure annually, and thus often lack the information needed in valuation. This study aimed to use regression analysis to create growth models for diameter at breast height (DBH), total height (TH), and merchantable height (MH) of Hevea brasiliensis Mull-Arg. (rubber tree) and five economic forest trees that are preferred by rubber farmers for intercropping, including Hopea odorata Roxb., Shorea roxburghii G.Don., Swietenia macrophylla King., Dipterocarpus alatus Roxb., and Azadirachta excelsa (Jack) Jacobs. Data were collected from 39 rubber plantations that contain rubber trees and the intercropped tree species at different ages in three provinces in South Thailand. The data were modelled using regression analysis with curve fitting to find the best-fitted curve to a given set of points by minimizing the sum of the squares of the residuals and standard error of the regression of the points from the curve. The results arrived at 21 models for the DBH, TH, and MH growth of rubber and the intercropped trees, in the forms of, power, sigmoid and exponential trends that vary according to the type of trees. The models can be used to predict tree growth parameters, which are useful for determining the value of ecosystem services such as carbon dioxide sequestration, oxygen production, and timber production.
Molecular identification of endophytic fungi from torch ginger (Etlingera elatior) antagonist to phytopathogenic fungi Anisa Lutfia; Erman Munir; Yurnaliza Yurnaliza
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 6 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210641

Abstract

Abstract. Lutfia A, Munir E, Yurnaliza. 2020. Molecular identification of endophytic fungi from torch ginger (Etlingera elatior) antagonist to phytopathogenic fungi. Biodiversitas 21: 2681-2689.  Medicinal plants are valuable sources in exploration of endophytic microorganisms. The utilization of culturable endophytes, particularly endophytic fungi in pharmacological aspects has been reported in many literature. Zingiberaceae, being known as one of medicinal plant families, is commonly used in tropical countries, e.g Indonesia to treat health disorders and ailments. However, little information has been reported upon their associative endophytic fungi that may be used as biocontrol agents against phytopathogenic fungi. Efforts to elaborate on the symbiotic relationship between endophytic fungi and host to explain the antifungal ability from endophytes are presented in this study. Six fungal morphotypes were recovered from the rhizome fragment of torch ginger (Etlingera elatior (Jack) RM Smith) sampled from Sibayak forest, North Sumatra, Indonesia. All isolates displayed potential antifungal activities against Fusarium oxysporum, Ganoderma boninense, and Rigidoporus lignosus as representative phytopathogens in a dual culture plate assay. All fungal morphotypes were identified based on their 18S rDNA-ITS regions. Molecular identification revealed that most isolates were related to Trichoderma spp. while one isolate was identified as Pestaliotopsis sp. The endophytic assemblage of mostly Trichoderma strains in our study may reveal a mutual relationship of these soil fungi as root colonizer displaying biocontrol properties against phytopathogenic fungi to host.
Short Communication: Polymorphism of Fumarate Hydratase 1 (FUM1) gene associated with nitrogen uptake in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) PPB SMART; ZULFIKAR ACHMAD TANJUNG; WIDYARTINI MADE SUDANIA; ANDREE SUNANJAYA KUSNANDAR; ROBERDI; PUJIANTO; CONDRO UTOMO; TONY LIWANG
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 6 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210618

Abstract

Abstract. Maryanto SD, Tanjung ZA, Sudania WM, Kusnandar AS, Roberdi, Pujianto, Utomo C, Liwang T. 2020. Short Communication: Polymorphism of Fumarate Hydratase 1 (FUM1) gene associated with nitrogen uptake in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis). Biodiversitas 21: 2462-2466.  Nitrogen (N) is an essential element for oil palm vegetative growth and fruit development. Fumarase is known to participate in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle in the mitochondrial matrix. The FUM gene is required for fumarate accumulation in leaves and necessary to enhance growth under low nitrogen condition. SNPs were obtained in oil palm FUM1 gene based on in silico analysis using local database. The SNP is further verified with Sanger sequencing and qPCR analysis. The genomic DNA of oil palm with high and low efficient to N based on phenotype characters was sequenced using Sanger method. The EgFUM1 gene was located in chromosome 14 and had two SNP positions located in 9.0711 cM and 9.0714 cM. Furthermore, four months oil palm seedlings from three progenies were treated with 30% (N-low) and 100% (control) dosages. Transcription level of EgFUM1 gene was measured using Real-Time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR) method. The value of fold changes was significantly up-regulated (6.14-fold) on Progeny 1 (high efficient characters); 1.05-fold on Progeny 2 (medium efficient characters); and 1.08-fold on Progeny 3 (low moderate efficient characters) in the leaf. According the result, there was correlation between SNP and transcription level of EgFUM1 gene. Therefore SNP markers of EgFUM1 gene could be used in oil palm selection with potential N uptake efficiency.
Short Communication: Polymorphism at third exon of the Myostatin gene and its association with growth and carcass traits in Batur sheep Hassan Ishag Hassan Haren; Dattadewi Purwantini; Mas Yedi Sumaryadi; Prayitno Prayitno
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 5 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210534

Abstract

Abstract. Haren HIH, Purwantini D, Sumaryadi MY, Prayitno. 2020. Short Communication: Polymorphism at third exon of the Myostatin gene and its association with growth and carcass traits in Batur sheep. Biodiversitas 21: 2074-2078. The present study aimed to investigate the association between myostatin (MSTN) genotype and two traits, growth and carcass, in Batur sheep. Blood samples representing thirty head were collected and genomic DNA was extracted. A specific primer designed to amplify the MSTN gene, samples sequenced then, used the BioEdit program to identify any mutation. Calculation of genotypes, gene and allele frequencies, heterozygosities, and Chi-square test was performed. Only two alleles observed (G and C) resulted in three genotypes. 11 polymorphic sites were observed, transversion at c.*121G>C, and one individual G>A which disrupted reading frame of whole MSTN sequenced, genotypic and allelic frequencies were 0.552 GG, 0.379 GC, and 0.069 CC, where the allele frequency was 0.741 G and 0.259 C. Lambs that carrying genotype GC had slightly more pre-slaughter weight, hot carcass weight, cold carcass weight, carcass length, and total yield (lion, shoulder, leg yield, and thigh) compared to those carrying genotype GG. There was no significant effect of the MSTN genotype on carcass traits (p=0.05). Polymorphic site c.*121 G>C is present in Batur sheep for the first time about the association with the MSTN gene however, it has not effects weaning weight, 6-month weight, and studied carcass traits.
Short Communication: The composition of undergrowth vegetation in the Gendol Riverbank, Sleman District, Yogyakarta, Indonesia Atus Syahbudin; ALNUS MEINATA; WIYONO; RIDLA ARIFRIANA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 5 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210503

Abstract

Abstract. Syahbudin A, Meinata A, Arifriana R, Wiyono. 2020. The composition of undergrowth vegetation in the Gendol Riverbank, Sleman District, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 1786-1792. Gendol river is one of the rivers affected by a pyroclastic blast from Mount Merapi eruption in 2010. This river flows through several villages, such as Glagaharjo, Kepuharjo, Wukirsari, and Argomulyo. On this riverbank, vegetation has grown naturally post-eruption of Mount Merapi and is continues to change. Some vegetation was also planted by the community. This study aims to find out the composition of the undergrowth vegetation on the Gendol riverbank in Cangkringan Sub-district. The data was obtained systematically by marking 10 sample plots of 5 m x 5 m and 2 m x 2 m size, on each side of the bank. A total of 68 species were recorded in this study which consisted of 29 trees species in seedlings and saplings stage, 34 species of herbs and shrubs, and 6 species of grasses. The dominant among the non-tree species are Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King & H.Rob. with an IVI of 43.78%, Alternanthera brasiliana (L.) Kuntze with IVI of 16.6% and Asystasia gangetica (L.) T. Anderson with IVI of 15.78%. Saplings are dominated by Falcataria moluccana (Miq.) Barneby & J.W. Grimes with IVI of 32.81%, followed by Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) De Wit (IVI-24.41%) and Melia azedarach (IVI-14.28%).
Helminth fauna of Microtus cf. arvalis (Rodentia, Cricetidae) in Russia and adjacent countries NADEZHDA Yu. KIRILLOVA; Alexander Kirillov; ALEXANDER B. RUCHIN; MAXIM V. TRUKHACHEV
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 5 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210524

Abstract

Abstract. Kirillova NYu, Kirillov AA, Ruchin AB, Trukhachev MV. 2020. Helminth fauna of Microtus cf. arvalis (Rodentia, Cricetidae) in Russia and adjacent countries. Biodiversitas 21: 1961-1979. The helminth fauna of voles of the Microtus cf. arvalis group is reviewed focusing on the Russian fauna and that of adjacent territories. In total, 61 helminth species have been recorded in these rodents: Trematoda-14, Cestoda-21, Nematoda-25, Acanthocephala-1. The diversity of the helminth community of the common vole is due to the wide species range and abundance of this rodent. M. arvalis is the final host for most of the parasites recorded from this host species. Only 10 cestodes and trematodes species use common voles as intermediate and paratenic hosts. The core of this voles’ helminth fauna is formed by common species that parasitize many different rodent species. The helminth fauna of the common vole has been most intensively studied in Russia, where 45 species of parasitic worms have been recorded in rodents. The similarity of the helminth fauna of the common vole from different study regions is determined by both the geographical proximity of the research areas and the broad distribution of most of the M. cf. arvalis helminth species.
Phytochemical analysis and cytotoxic activities of two distinct cultivars of Ganyong rhizomes (Canna indica) against the WiDr colon cancer cell line IFANDARI; SITARINA WIDYARINI; L. HARTANTO NUGROHO; Rarastoeti Pratiwi
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 4 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210447

Abstract

Abstract. Ifandari, Widyarini S, Nugroho LH, Pratiwi R. 2020. Phytochemical analysis and cytotoxic activities of two distinct cultivars of Ganyong rhizomes (Canna indica) against the WiDr colon cancer cell line. Biodiversitas 21: 1660-1669. Canna indica L is an edible plant with high nutrient content and positive health benefits. In Indonesia, edible canna is divided into two cultivar groups: red edible canna and green edible canna. Canna indica L. is investigated in this study as a potential medicinal plant for colon cancer in WiDr cell lines. The phytochemical contents of two distinct cultivars of edible canna (known in Indonesia as ganyong), namely red edible canna and green edible canna. These two discrete samples were extracted by using two different solvents, dichloromethane and ethanol, followed by evaluation using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy in order to detected functional group. In the analysis of the composition of the elements of chemical compounds, the samples subsequently injected into the liquid chromatography?high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). The cell viability assay was performed to evaluate the cytotoxic activities of extracted compounds from two cultivars of edible canna in two different solvents. FTIR results demonstrated that the red and green edible canna extracts contained 17 and 18 functional group compounds, respectively. Furthermore, the cell viability was lower in WiDr cells treated with dichloromethane extract of red than green edible canna or the ethanol extract of red edible canna. Notably, LC-HRMS results of the most potent dichloromethane extract of red edible canna revealed the presence of fatty acid compounds. These findings indicate that the two cultivars of edible canna could potentially be utilized as promising candidates for colon cancer treatment.
Assay optimization for measuring the alternate complement pathway activity in Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) Sri Dwi Hastuti; MARY D. BARTON; STEPHEN B. PYECROFT; MAURIZIO COSTABILE
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 7 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210721

Abstract

Abstract. Hastuti SD, Barton MD, Pyecroft SB, Costabile M. 2020. Assay optimization for measuring the alternate complement pathway activity in Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer). Biodiversitas 21: 3034-3040. Complement proteins are one component of innate immunity present in fish. The measurement of complement activity in fish can be used to monitor the health status of fish. This is particularly important in Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) aquaculture, where disease can impact on productivity. We have found an optimal condition assay for measuring the alternate complement pathway (ACP) activity of Asian seabass which includes Magnesium chloride (MgCl2) concentration, buffer pH, incubation temperature and incubation time. The assay was optimized using pooled serum of Asian seabass, diluted in Magnesium ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid gelatine veronal buffer (Mg-EDTA-GVB) and added with Rabbit red blood cells (RRBC) suspension. Subsequently, the suspension was incubated and centrifuged. The supernatant was removed and transferred to a well plate and the optical density (OD) was measured at 540 nm. The optimal condition obtained included a 7.5 mM MgCl2, pH optimum of 7.5, 25°C incubation temperature, and a 30 minutes incubation period. The presently developed assay was robust, rapid, and reliable to be used in monitoring the health status of Asian seabass in aquaculture farms. It can be used as guidance in further immunological studies on this fish.

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