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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
 201   202   203   204   205 
Farmers' willingness to pay for Sinar donkey conservation in selected districts of Metekel and Assosa zones, northwest Ethiopia: a contingent valuation study Awoke Melak; TEKLEWELD BELAYHUN; ESHO KEFYALEW; ABEBE HAILU; AMINE MUSTEFA; ABRAHAM ASSEFA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 7 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210762

Abstract

Abstract. Melak A, Belayhun T, Kefyalew E, Hailu A, Mustefa A, Assefa A. 2020. Farmers' willingness to pay for Sinar donkey conservation in selected districts of Metekel and Assosa zones, northwest Ethiopia: a contingent valuation study. Biodiversitas 21: 3373-3379. A survey was conducted through single field visits and interviews with 160 respondents in selected districts of Assosa and Metekel Zones, Northwestern Ethiopia, to elicit farmers' willingness to pay for Sinar donkey conservation. Two districts namely Guba and Sherkole were purposively selected from the zones based on the availability of Sinar donkey breeds. Eight representative kebeles were selected from the two districts. A total of 160 households (each district 80 households) were selected randomly. Structured and semi-structured questionnaires were prepared to collect data on socio-economic and farming system characteristics. Descriptive statistics were employed to summarize data and average means were compared using SPSS version 23.0 software. Logistic regression was applied to see the effect of independent variables on the dependent variable. The contingent valuation method was used to know farmers' willingness to pay for conservation of the Sinar donkey breed. The average willingness to pay for the conservation was 98.25 Ethiopian Birr or 3.265US dollars for the conservation program per household per annum. The cash income of the respondents influenced the willingness to pay for the conservation program. This study supports the view that the economic valuation of donkey genetic resources can assist policymakers in setting conservation priorities.
Heritability and genetic advancement on agronomic characters of Toraja red rice x Inpari-4 white rice genotypes Y L Limbongan; Driyunitha DRIYUNITHA; Rinaldi Sjahril; MUH. RIADI; IRMA JAMALUDDIN; ANDI MULIANI OKASA; NURHAYA J. PANGA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 8 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220842

Abstract

Abstract. Limbongan YL, Driyunitha, Sjahril R, Riadi M, Jamaluddin I, Okasa AM, Panga NJ. 2021. Heritability and genetic advancement on agronomic characters of Toraja red rice x Inpari-4 white rice genotypes. Biodiversitas 22: 3446-3451. Determination of genetic diversity, heritability, and genetic advance on specific agronomic characters of cross-breed red rice genotypes (Toraja red rice Pare Lea’ x Inpari-4) was done in Tallunglipu, North Toraja, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The experiment was designed using a randomized complete block design. Twenty-one days old seedlings were transplanted following the system of rice intensification practices. Selection was conducted at F2 as a novel method to speed up genetic advancement and ensure progeny production with desired agronomic traits. Results indicated existence of a considerably high level of diversity among genotypes tested, where the highest value for genetic advance was observed in filled-grain weight per hill of F2 plants (983.890), followed by plant height (335.124), and filled-grain weight per hill of F1 (306.645). The highest estimate of broad-sense heritability was recorded in 1000-grain weight (0.915), number of productive tillers (0.788), plant height (0.765), flag leaf length (0.705), filled-grain weight per hill (0.688), and harvest age (0.594). Genetic advance of agronomic characters between genotypes varied from 1.631-38%, where the highest estimate was recorded in filled-grain weight per hill (38%) and plant height (24.648%). The above-mentioned characters could be used for selection in further rice breeding programs to obtain plants with superior genotypes.
Chemical composition diversity of fucoidans isolated from three tropical brown seaweeds (Phaeophyceae) species FADILAH NOR LAILI LUTFIA; Alim Isnansetyo; Ratna Asmah Susidarti; Muhammad Nursid
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 7 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210739

Abstract

Abstract. Lutfia FN, Isnansetyo A, Susudarti RA, Nursid M. 2020. Chemical composition diversity of fucoidans isolated from three tropical brown seaweeds (Phaeophyceae) species. Biodiversitas 21: 3170-3177. Fucoidan is a polysaccharide with high sulfate content, found in the cell walls matrix of brown seaweed. Its bioactivities vary depending on the algae species and the chemical structure. The aims of this research were to extract, purify, and characterize fucoidan from three Indonesian brown seaweed, Sargassum sp., Turbinaria sp., and Padina sp. The extraction was carried out using acid method followed by precipitation with ethanol and CaCl2, while its purification using DEAE-cellulose ion-exchange chromatography. Characterization was performed by FTIR and 1H-NMR spectroscopic analyses. Chemical components of fucoidan determined were total carbohydrates, sulfate residue, uronic acid residue, and monosaccharide components. The results revealed that the Turbinaria sp. produced highest yield of fucoidan (4.8% dry matter), followed by Sargassum sp. (2.7% dry matter) and Padina sp. (2.6% dry matter). The carbohydrate contents of Sargassum sp., Turbinaria sp. and Padina sp. fucoidan were 64.55±0.12%, 67.42 ± 0.03% and 62.90 ± 0.04% with sulfate residues of 0.013% ± 4.71; 19.47±0.002% and 0.016%±8.81; and uronic acid residues of 25.19±0.03%; 12.69±0.03% and 12.91±0.01%, respectively. Sargassum sp., Turbinaria sp., and Padina sp. fucoidans consist of fucose and some other minor monosaccharides.
Fungal isolates from marine sponge Chelonaplysilla sp.: Diversity, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities Dian Handayani; MUH. ADE ARTASASTA; NILDA SAFIRNA; DIANA FITRI AYUNI; TRINA EKAWATI TALLEI; TRIANA HERTIANI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 5 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210523

Abstract

Abstract. Handayani D, Artasasta MA, Safira N, Ayuni DF, Tallei TE, Hertiani T. 2020. Fungal isolates from marine sponge Chelonaplysilla sp.: Diversity, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities. Biodiversitas 21: 1954-1960. The purpose of this research was to study the diversity of fungi associated with marine sponges Chelonaplysilla sp. and their bioactivities. Fungal isolation was carried out by the multilevel dilution method in Saboraud Dextrose Agar (SDA). Twelve fungal isolates were successfully purified, then cultivated using rice for 4-6 weeks at room temperature and subsequently extracted using ethyl acetate. Antimicrobial activities of the fungal extracts were tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans by using the agar diffusion method. The extracts of isolates Ch05 and Ch12 showed a significant antagonistic effect against S. aureus and E. coli with the diameter that ranged from 15 to 17 mm. Using the brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT), six fungal extracts revealed cytotoxic activity with LC50 <100 µg/mL. Isolate Ch10 was the most potential fungus with the strong cytotoxic activity of LC50 of 0.90 µg/mL. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was conducted also for six potential fungal extracts against breast cancer cell (T47D). The isolate Ch05 showed moderate cytotoxic activity with IC50 of 83.69 µg/mL. The molecular identification was carried out for potential fungi using the ITS marker. The results showed that Ch02 was Aspergillus oryzae, Ch05 was Phomompsis sp., Ch06 was Penicillium simplicissimum, Ch10 was B. bassiana and Ch12 was Aspergillus mellinus. This study concluded that fungal isolates from marine sponge Chelonaplysilla sp. can be explored further for new sources of antimicrobial and anticancer compounds.
Anatomical features and SCoT profiles provide new insight into phenotypic plasticity in the halophyte Suaeda maritima in Thailand KANOKPHORN RITTIRONGSAKUL; ANITTHAN SRINUAL; Ongkarn Vanijajiva
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 3 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210331

Abstract

Abstract. Rittirongsakul K, Srinual A, Vanijajiva O. 2020. Anatomical features and SCoT profiles provide new insight into phenotypic plasticity in the halophyte Suaeda maritima in Thailand. Biodiversitas 21: 1082-1090. Phenotypic plasticity is the variation in phenotypic traits of organisms to survive with fluctuating environments. Halophytes are plants that can naturally tolerate high concentrations of salt in the soil, and their tolerance to salt stress, which reflects the ability of the plants to produce different phenotypic traits in response to changing environmental conditions. Suaeda maritima (L.) Dumort is a polymorphic halophyte and prominent species complex from tropical to temperate regions due to diverse stressful saline habitats. Consequently, the identification of S. maritima based on morphological data is challenging due to high phenotypic plasticity. In Thailand, S. maritima, known as Seablite or Cha Khram, has only been reported for the genus Suaeda which frequently found in coastal salt marshes. The peculiarities of the prevalence of three distinctive color traits, green, green-reddish and reddish, were commonly observed in Thailand. This preliminary study aims to examine the morpho-anatomical characters and molecular analysis of S. maritima and to determine how their morphological and genetic characterizations are related to phenotypic traits, particularly in color variation within the population at Bang Khun Tien shoreline in Bangkok, Thailand. This combined investigation of anatomical characters and start codon targeted (SCoT) fingerprinting profiles provide first evidence of phenotypic variations and genetic characterizations of halophytic S. maritima in Thailand. Anatomical characters of leaf structures confirmed that the species is austrobassioid (C3) types. Meanwhile, molecular investigation of thirty SCoT primers found that only two SCoT primers (SCoT10 and SCoT27) failed to amplify the S. maritima genomic DNA. Thoroughly, twenty-eight SCoT primers produced 162 unambiguous and reproducible banding profiles with 140-1200 bp product size. Despite, there was no genetic variation detectable within the population, SCoT technique was considered a suitable tool to produces adequate characterization for DNA fingerprinting of halophyte S. maritima. However, further studies involving additional samples of S. maritima are needed to obtain a more general view of the conspicuous variation and colonization history in Thailand.
The distribution and density of Tapanuli orangutans (Pongo tapanuliensis) at potential corridor locations between forest fragments in Batang Toru, North Sumatra, Indonesia ARFAH NASUTION; DYAH PERWITASARI-FARAJALLAH; S. SUCI UTAMI-ATMOKO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 11 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211144

Abstract

Abstract. Nasution A, Perwitasari-Farajallah D, Utami-Atmoko SS. 2020. The distribution and density of Tapanuli orangutans (Pongo tapanuliensis) at potential corridor locations between forest fragments in Batang Toru, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 5382-5388. The newly discovered Tapanuli orangutan (Pongo tapanuliensis) is in danger of being lost in a few decades due to their small population number in fragmented forest of Batang Toru. The major threats faced by this critically endangered ape, including: hunting, habitat loss, and fragmentation due to large infrastructure development and other developments in the key corridor area. The establishment of corridor and buffer zone is one such effort to maintain their population and bring them from the brink of extinction. Data on the population and distribution are needed to assess and provide baseline information for investigating the habitat condition of potential corridors and buffer zones. This study aimed to analyze population and distribution of Tapanui orangutan (Pongo tapanuliensis) in buffer zone and potential corridor of Batang Toru. Our study provides an initial dataset prior to the development of the hydrodam, which is important to understand the future post-development impact. The study was carried out in disturbed (Hutaimbaru and Bulu Mario) and undisturbed forest (Sitandiang and Hopong) of Batang Toru from June 2015 until February 2016. Orangutan nest, fig (Ficus spp.), and trees bearing fruit were recorded using a line transect method. This research showed that population and distribution of orangutan were influenced by forest conditions, threat level, and fruit availability. There were fewer nests per km2 in disturbed forest than in undisturbed forest, resulting in an orangutan density estimation to be 0.24 ind/km2, 0.14 ind/ km2 (Hutaimbaru and Bulu Mario) and 0.74 ind/km2, 0.36 ind/km2 (Sitandiang and Hopong). Number of nest in transects was influenced by the availability of fig class I and class II, but not fruit tree. The APL forest of Sitandiang is key area to connect the three populations of Tapanuli orangutan: east Batang Toru, west Batang Toru, and Sibualbuali. Furthermore, orangutan’s nests were encountered both in protected and non-protected forest, thus protection of such areas, especially areas including primary forest that harbor orangutan is essential for their long term survival. The conservation measures and action Tapanuli orangutan is alarming, thus we recommend all remaining habitat should be officially and strictly protected and collaboration work with multi-stakeholder is essential to establish the corridor as well as the strategic management plan of Tapanuli orangutan.
Short Communication: Effect of urban greening and land use on air pollution in Chelyabinsk, Russia TATYANA G. KRUPNOVA; OLGA V. RAKOVA; ANNA L. PLAKSINA; SVETLANA V. GAVRILKINA; EVGENY O. BARANOV; ANTON D. ABRAMYAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 6 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210646

Abstract

Abstract. Krupnova TG, Rakova OV, Plaksina AL, Gavrilkina SV, Baranov EO, Abramyan AD. 2020. Effect of urban greening and land use on air pollution in Chelyabinsk, Russia. Biodiversitas 21: 2716-2720. Chelyabinsk is a major industrial Russian city that faces diverse environmental issues, the most important of which is air emissions. The primary sources of air pollution in Chelyabinsk are industry (concrete product plants, ferrous and nonferrous metallurgy such as zinc production plants, and pulp production), thermal power stations, and transport. People have known that trees can help to reduce air pollutants for a long time. We studied 8 zones within a radius of one kilometer from state air pollution monitoring stations. Eight land-use types such as industrial category, residential category, natural and semi-natural broadleaved vegetation, natural and semi-natural coniferous vegetation, broadleaved forest, coniferous forest, artificial broadleaved vegetation, and artificial coniferous vegetation, were obtained. The response of air pollution to land-use and urban greening was analyzed. Analysis results showed that there was no correlation between industrial and residential categories of land-using and concentrations of the most dangerous air pollutants in Chelyabinsk (formaldehyde, hydrogen fluoride, and nitrogen dioxide). The dominant factor affecting urban air quality was urban greening.
Investigating new SNPs of CAST, CAPN and SCD genes in 5’UTR of Bali cattle Jakaria Jakaria Jakaria; MOKHAMAD FAKHRUL ULUM; DEWI LESTARI; SAMUEL AKWILA; DIAN ERMA WARU TIDOLF SIHITE; RUDY PRIYANTO; MULADNO; CECE SUMANTRI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 7 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210713

Abstract

Abstract. Jakaria, Ulum MF, Lestari D, Akwila S, Sihite DEWT, Priyanto R, Muladno, Sumantri C. 2020. Investigating new SNPs of CAST, CAPN and SCD genes in 5’UTR of Bali cattle. Biodiversitas 21: 2971-2976. The present investigation aims to explore specific SNPs of Bali cattle, focusing mainly on CAST, CAPN, and SCD genes in 5'UTR. DNA of Bali cattle (25 individuals) from Breeding Centre of Bali cattle in Bali Province, Indonesia, were extracted according to the protocol of GenAID. Amplification of the CAST, CAPN, and SCD genes were designed using the Primer3 program based on reference sequences (access numbers AH014526.2, AH009246.3, and AY241932). Furthermore, the PCR product was sequenced through forward primer sequencing. The data sequence results were analyzed using the Bioedit, MEGA7, Popgen 3.2, and DnaSP6 V6 programs. The results showed that SNPs were detected at g.921C>T and g.922T>G in 5'UTR for the CAST gene between the reference of GenBank AH014526.2 and Bali cattle, but it was monomorphic within the population. The high polymorphism of SNPs was found in g.232G>T for the CAPN gene and g.134A>del for the SCD gene. However, the SNP g.246C>del SCD gene was detected as monomorphic in this region. Moreover, this result shows that low nucleotide diversities (Pi) for CAST, CAPN, and SCD genes in 5'UTR of Bali cattle were 0.00422, 0.00632, and 0.00449, respectively. This finding was important for developing marker-assisted selection (MAS) to improve the meat quality of Bali cattle.
Ethnobotany of suweg, Amorphophallus paeoniifolius: Utilization and cultivation in West Java, Indonesia ASEP ZAINAL MUTAQIN; DENNY KURNIADIE; JOHAN ISKANDAR; MOHAMAD NURZAMAN; Ruhyat Partasasmita
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 4 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210444

Abstract

Abstract. Mutaqin AZ, Kurniadie D, Iskandar J, Nurzaman M, Partasasmita R. 2020. Ethnobotany of suweg, Amorphophallus paeoniifolius: Utilization and cultivation in West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 1635-1644. Amorphophallus paeoniifolius (Dennst.) Nicolson, locally known as suweg, is a bulbous plant that has many benefits, but has not been cultivated as intensively as other species from the Araceae family. Suweg grows scattered in various rural areas in Indonesia, including West Java. Some suweg plants are cultivated by villagers, while the others grow wildly in forested areas. Suweg is commonly cultivated in several types of agroecosystems, such as home gardens (pekarangan) and gardens (kebun), using traditional ecological knowledge inherited from generation to generation. This study aims to investigate the utilization and cultivation of suweg by a community in Cisoka Village, Cikijing Sub-district, Majalengka District, West Java. This study used a qualitative method using ethnobotany approach, i.e. an emic analysis of the perception and local knowledge of community on suweg, and then validated using scientific or ethical knowledge. Field data collection was done by observation and semi-structured interviews with key informants chosen purposively considered having expertise and knowledge about suweg. The results showed that suweg has long been cultivated or growing naturally in Cisoka Village. The species has been culturally utilized by the rural community as additional food sources of carbohydrates, fish feed, and traditional ceremonies. However, the use of traditional ceremonies has been lost its importance. Suweg is generally used by the elderly, with certain groups, such as rural fish farmers and some younger age groups or children who like suweg. The rural people of Cisoka Village also mentioned that suweg was not cultivated as intensively as other. This is partly because it is considered not to have a high economic value as other agricultural commodities.
Nesting behavior of reintroduced Bornean Orangutan in Bukit Batikap Conservation Forest, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia IKE NURJUITA NAYASILANA; SRI SUCI UTAMI ATMOKO; AHMAT SUYOKO; SUWARNO HADISUSANTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 5 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210536

Abstract

Abstract. Nayasilana IN, Atmoko SS, Suyoko A, Hadisusanto S. 2020. Nesting behavior of reintroduced Bornean Orangutan in Bukit Batikap Conservation Forest, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 2088-2096. Great apes such as orangutans build a nest to rest in every night. Orangutan’s nest making skills correlate with their adaptability in a new habitat. Here we analyzed the nest skill on the reintroduced orangutan. Skills process and thought training there is a back to remembers in forest school and pre-release islands in the rehabilitation center. The study aimed to observe the skill adaptation of reintroduced orangutans (semi-wild and ex-rehabilitate) for nest building and the characteristic of the tree chosen for their nests in a new habitat. The study was 16 individuals (8 semi-wild and 8 ex-rehabilitate) from February 2012 to November 2014 at the release site of Bukit Batikap Conservation Forest, Central Kalimantan. The method used in the study was instantaneous focal animal sampling, which follows the behavior of each orangutan from the morning nest to the night nest. Non-parametric statistics test (Kruskal-Wallis) was used to nesting behavior, Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) is used to determine the relationship between nesting behavior and nesting tree species, and ArcMap GIS 10.3 to find out the distribution of nest trees in the research location. The result of the study revealed that reintroduced orangutan prefers to build a nest to rest at night rather than day nest. Semi-wild orangutans prefer tree species with dense canopy and branching, while ex-rehabilitation orangutans pay less attention to this. Mostly, reintroduced Bornean orangutan created new nests rather than reusing and/or repairing old nests. Species of Syzygium sp. Lithocarpus sp. and Xanthophyllum sp. are a preferred species of the nest tree, the nest position of 2 (nests are constructed on the main side-branch) and 3 (the crown of the tree) is dominance. Orangutan prefer height tree species between 26-30m for day nests, are selectively determined as part of the adaptation process. However, each individual will choose the nest type species of tree, positions, and height according to their characteristics of the nest tree.

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