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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Antibacterial activity of endophytic fungi in Pometia pinnata against Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Ratna Setyaningsih; Ari Susilowati; Dina Prasetyani
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 11 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211148

Abstract

Abstract. Endophytic fungi associated with medicinal plants are able to produce bioactive compounds which potentially contain medicinal ingredients. Matoa (Pometia pinnata J. R. Forst & G. Forst) is one of Indonesian medicinal plants. This research aims to test antibacterial activities of ethyl acetate extract of matoa’s endophytic fungi to Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and also identify isolates having high antibacterial activity. Initial test on antibacterial activity was conducted by using paper disc diffusion, while advanced test was conducted by determining minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The fungi were identified in morphological and molecular manner with amplification and sequencing of ITS region. Bacterial cells exposed to the extract were observed by using scanning electron microscope (SEM). Isolate AM72 was found out to have the highest antibacterial activity compared to other 12 isolates tested, with inhibition zone diameter of 31.57 mm to S. aureus and 22.87 mm to MRSA. Isolate AM72 was identified as Lasiodiplodia theobromae. Isolate BMB identified as Aspergillus oryzae produced inhibition zone with 21.96 mm diameter to S. aureus and 21.50 mm diameter to MRSA. Advanced test to isolate AM72 gave the same MIC results to S. aureus and MRSA of 1.56%. Antibacterial compound produced by isolate AM72 were found out to be able to damage bacterial cell walls. Keywords: Antibacterial, Endohpytic Fungi, Matoa, S. aureus, MRSA  
Heavy metals accumulation in Hertia cheirifolia along the highway in Setif region, Algeria Amina Belguidoum; Takia Lograda; Messaoud Ramdani
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 6 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210655

Abstract

Abstract. Belguidoum A, Lograda T, Ramdani M. 2020. Heavy metals accumulation in Hertia cheirifolia along the highway in Setif region, Algeria. Biodiversitas 21: 2786-2793. The aim of this work was to study the possibility of using Hertia cheirifoia spontaneous plant, generally present in uncultivated environments, as an indicator of pollution. The aerial parts of ten H. cheirifolia populations were collected along the East-West highway. Sampling is carried out in areas considered polluted or low contaminated in the region of Setif. Nine metallic trace elements concentrations (Pb, Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn, Cd, Ag, Bi, and Sb) were determined, for each population, by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry with Flame (AASF). Statistical analyzes were performed using mainly box and whisker diagrams, principal component analysis, and UPGMA. The concentrations detected for contaminants (MTE), in general, were very high, far exceeding international certified standards. The MTE concentrations in different populations were calculated for each metal and a positive correlation is observed. The order of MTE in the plant was found as follows: Fe > Zn > Mn > Pb > Sb > Cu > Bi > Ag > Cd. The Fe concentrations are very high in H. cheirifolia with an average of 3600 ± 1491.5 mg/kg. The populations of H. cheirifolia have shown a significant capacity to accumulate heavy metals. The presence of metal ions in the aerial parts of the plant designates that H. cheirifolia is a super accumulator of MTE and can be used as a bioindicator, which opens up prospects for its application to soils phytoremediation.
Short communication: Diversity of cave-dwelling bats in Cebu Island, Philippines STEVE MICHAEL T. ALCAZAR; Ireneo L. Lit; Carmelita M. Rebancos; Aimee Lynn B. Dupo; Anna Pauline O. De Guia; Nathaniel C. Bantayan; JAMES DV. ALVAREZ
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 7 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210747

Abstract

Abstract. Alcazar SMT, Lit Jr IL, Rebancos CM, Barrion-Dupo ALA, De Guia APO, Bantayan NC, Alvarez JDV. 2020. Short communication: Diversity of cave-dwelling bats in Cebu Island, Philippines. Biodiversitas 21: 3249-3254. The species composition and richness of cave-dwelling bats in 16 caves of Cebu Island were studied to provide resource managers and local government units in Cebu baseline information that may be used toward conservation and sustainable utilization and management of local cave resources. Stationary and mobile mist-netting were employed at the entrance and dark zones of the caves to maximize the capture of bats. The study accounts for 15 species of cave bats, of which two were unidentified but are believed to be potentially new species, namely Rhinolophus sp. and Myotis sp., and three are new distribution records to Cebu, namely Rhinolophus philippinensis, Eonycteris robusta, and Megaderma spasma. In terms of richness values, Balay’g Agta holds six species and the remaining caves have less than five species. The presence of endemic, potentially new species and new distribution records of bats presents high conservation value and raises concern and calls for urgent action to protect the caves and the resources therein.
Potential mitochondrial diversity role in the productivity of three lines of Japanese quails TAMADHUR HUSSEIN; Mohammed Baqur Al-Shuhaib; TAHREER M. AL-THUWAINI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 5 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210556

Abstract

Abstract. Hussein TH, Al-Shuhaib MBS, Al-Thuwaini TM. 2020. Potential mitochondrial diversity role in the productivity of three lines of Japanese quails. Biodiversitas 21: 2258-2265. This study was conducted to identify the mitochondrial D-loop genetic diversity in three lines of Japanese quails that differ in productive performance. A total of 223 quails consisting of 54, 84, and 85 of black (control line), white (egg-producing line), and brown (meat-producing line) quails respectively were genotyped by PCR-single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP). The genetic and phylogenetic differences within and among quails’ populations were analyzed. Three different SSCP banding patterns were observed in black and brown quails, while white quails exhibited six different SSCP-banding patterns. Sequencing reactions confirmed the presence of 12 haplotypes with 48 variations distributed among the studied birds. The white line exhibited the most diverse nucleotide variability, followed by the brown, and black lines respectively. The mean diversity for all populations was mainly due to within-population variation (71.6%), while among-population variation accounted for much less value (28.4%). Tajima’s D test showed significant values for both productive white (2.45680) and brown (3.07723) lines. In conclusion, this study suggested a wide nucleic acid variation in the investigated egg productive line than the meat productive line respectively compared with the black line control, implying a positive correlation between mitochondrial variability and productive performance.
The structure, composition, and threatened plants in The Kinarum Protected Forest, South Kalimantan, Indonesia dodo dodo; Syamsul Hidayat
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 6 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210632

Abstract

Abstract. Dodo, Hidayat S. 2020. The structure, composition, and threatened plants in The Kinarum Protected Forest, South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 2603-2618. Kinarum Protected Forest (Kinarum PF) is one of the remaining tropical forest areas in Tabalong District, South Kalimantan, Indonesia. It is feared that deforestation will occur in this forest due to various human activities. The research was conducted to determine the structure and composition of vegetation in Kinarum PF which several decades ago was once a forest concession area. This research also explored the existence of threatened, endemic, and protected plants. Research has been carried out using the track plot method. The total research area is 0.6 ha consisting of three transect lines with five plots measuring 20 x 20 m2 each transect. Data were analyzed with important value index (IVI), dominance index, species diversity index, and species abundance index. The results recorded 460 specimens belonging to 121 species, 86 genera, and 43 families. Most species are from the family Lauraceae followed by Moraceae and Rubiaceae. The results also recorded 42 species included in the IUCN red list plants, eight of which are classified as threatened plants, namely Aglaia angustifolia, Artocarpus tamaran, Dracontomelon costatum, Durio dulcis, Durio kutejensis, Eusideroxylon zwageri, Myristica magnifica, and Shorea guiso. These plants have an average IVI value less than 10% and the species abundance index is close to zero. In general, the forest condition is classified as moderate with a diversity index value at each growth stage in the range of values ??1-3. However, IVI of each species, especially those belonging to the threatened, endemic, and protected plants are on average low.
Species identification of stranded seaweeds on eastern seashores of Thailand and utilization as a sole carbon source for single cell oils synthesized by oleaginous yeasts Aiya Chantarasiri
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 6 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210603

Abstract

Abstract. Chantarasiri A. 2020. Species identification of stranded seaweeds on eastern seashores of Thailand and utilization as a sole carbon source for single-cell oils synthesized by oleaginous yeasts. Biodiversitas 21: 2353-2361. Many stranded seaweeds are left to decompose on the seashore. This study aimed to identify and utilize the stranded seaweeds collected from seashores in Rayong Province on the east coast of Thailand. Seaweeds were identified as Dictyota dichotoma strain A and Padina australis strain B based on their distinctive morphology and 18S rDNA sequence analyses. The most abundant seaweed, D. dichotoma strain A, was analyzed for chemical compositions following AOAC standard methods. This seaweed was considered a low-cost carbon source for the cultivation of three oleaginous yeasts without any other nutrient supplements. All oleaginous yeasts utilized the carbon source from Dictyota medium for growth and accumulation of single-cell oils (SCOs). The oleaginous yeast, Cryptococcus albidus strain TISTR 5103 accumulated SCOs at 51% (w/w). The resulting SCOs from oleaginous yeasts comprise many fatty acids with 10 to 22 carbon atoms. This study is the first to identify stranded seaweeds in Rayong Province using morphological and genetic techniques. Results showed the potential application of stranded seaweeds as a low-cost carbon source for SCO biosynthesis of oleaginous yeasts.
Structural variability of Aleppo pine stands in two forests in northeastern Algeria Malika Rached Kanouni; Insaf Hani; Ratiba BOUSBA; Amina Beldjazia; Hichem KHAMAR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 6 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210663

Abstract

Abstract. Rached-Kanouni M, Hani I, Bousba R, Beldjazia A, Khammar H. 2020. Structural variability of Aleppo pine stands in two forests in northeastern Algeria. Biodiversitas 21: 2848-2853. The layout of the stand can be described as the width of the trees, their reciprocal locations, diametric distinction and height. The goal of this study is to recognize changes in the Pinus halepensis spatial and demographic systems in two Beni Oudjana and Chettaba Forests, located in northeast Algeria. An inventory of trees in these forest formations with P. halepensis dominance was carried out based on dendrometric parameters such as total height, tree diameter at dbh ? 5 cm, basal area, total volume, etc., as well as the number of trees in the forest. Tree diameter and height measurements were made on 12 rectangular plots (20 m × 20 m), located in both forests. The results obtained show that the mean stand density, mean diameter, basal area and total volume are higher in Chettaba Forest, the values attributed to these parameters are respectively (422 trees/ha, 27.07 cm, 26, 86 m2, 251.63 m3); while the total height and regeneration rate show significantly higher values in Beni Oudjana Forest (18.97 m, 607 individuals/ha). The structure in diameter and height of the species is bell-shaped to asymmetrically positive with a predominance of small diameter individuals in the Chettaba forest. On the other hand, in the Beni Oudjana Forest, the structure is ‘L’ shaped, showing a predominance of very small diameter individuals. These results indicate that the low regeneration rate of P. halepensis in the Chettaba Forest is due to anthropogenic pressures that favor the degradation of this forest.
Prevalence and diversity of ectoparasites in scavenging chickens (Gallus domesticus) and their association to body weight edy riwidiharso; darsono darsono; endang ariyani setyowati; hery pratiknyo; EMING SUDIANA; SLAMET SANTOSO; EDY YANI; imam widhiono
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 7 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210738

Abstract

Abstract. Riwidiharso E, Darsono, Setyowati EA, Pratiknyo H, Sudiana E, Santoso S, Yani E, Widhiono I. 2020. Prevalence and diversity of ectoparasites in scavenging chickens (Gallus domesticus) and their association to body weight. Biodiversitas 21: 3163-3169. Domestic chickens (Gallus domesticus) which are traditionally fed by scavenging on farms predispose them to ectoparasites infestation. In this study, a preliminary survey was conducted on the common ectoparasites on G. domesticus in the rural areas of Banyumas. The purposes of this study were to determine the diversity of ectoparasites, their prevalence, and their relationship to the chickens body weight. This research was conducted by the survey method from December 2019 to April 2020 in five villages around the city of Purwokerto, Banyumas District, Central Java, Indonesia viz., Kedungwuluh, Kedungwringin, Kutasari, Karangsalam, and Karanggintung. Data analysis was conducted by Shannon Wiener and Evenness indexes. Analysis of variance was used to calculate the difference in prevalence among sample locations. Regression correlation analysis was used to determine the relationship between prevalence and chicken body weight. The results showed that there were six ectoparasite species  i.e., Menopon gallinae, Menacanthus cornutus, Lipeurus caponis, Dermanysus gallinae, Megninia ginglymura, and Haemaphysallis sp. parasitizing G. domesticus. The number of ectoparasite individuals among locations was significantly different (F 5.59 < 32.45; p <0.05). The most number of ectoparasite was found in Karangsalam (272 individuals). The most prevalent ectoparasite was M. cornutus (45%), followed by L. caponis (40%), and the lowest was M. synglineura (25%). Ectoparasite prevalence was associated with chicken weight loss (r = 0.98). The prevalence of ectoparasite of domestic chickens farm in the Banyumas Regency is classified as low but has the potential to influence body weight.
Aquatic insect assemblages in four urban lakes of Bogor, West Java, Indonesia Wakhid Wakhid; Aunu Rauf; Majariana Krisanti; I Made Sumertajaya; Nina Maryana
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 7 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210723

Abstract

Abstract. Wakhid, Rauf A, Krisanti M, Sumertajaya IM, Maryana N. 2020. Aquatic insect assemblages in four urban lakes of Bogor, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 3047-3056. Urban lakes represent important habitats for some freshwater organisms and support a high diversity of insect fauna. Study was conducted with the objectives to determine and compare aquatic insect assemblages in four urban lakes of Bogor, West Java, Indonesia. Insects were collected in the littoral zone using D-net at a certain interval along the perimeter of each lake. Sampling was carried out monthly during March, April, and May 2017. A total of 6,686 individuals representing 82 species/morphospecies, 28 families, and seven orders were recorded. Estimation of species richness by Chao1 suggested that sampling completeness for Situ Babakan, Situ Burung, Situ Gede, and Situ Tonjong were 88.71%, 75.86%, 82.17%, and 95.23%, respectively. Rarefaction curves indicated that more sampling would record a higher species richness. The least species richness and diversity of aquatic insect assemblages occurred in Situ Babakan characterized by high organic pollution due to fish farming. Canonical correspondence analysis showed that certain environmental factors were related to some species. Chironomus sp. (Diptera: Chironomidae), Micronecta ludibunda (Hemiptera: Micronectidae), and Anisops bouvieri (Hemiptera: Notonectidae) were associated with organically polluted water. Odonates such as Pseudagrion sp.1 (Coenagrionidae), Rhinocypha sp. (Chlorocyphidae), Acisoma panorpoides, Orthetrum sabina (Libellulidae), and Crocothemis servilia (Libellulidae) were associated with conditions of a high density of macrophytes. Our study provides baseline data for future monitoring and conservation management of these lakes.
Comparison on seed germination and seedling growth between Indonesian local corn cultivars for decide the quality of seed Albert Husein Wawo; Verina Gita Sumbogo; Peni Lestari
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 7 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210741

Abstract

Abstract. Wawo AH, Sumbogo VG, Lestari P. 2020. Comparison on seed germination and seedling growth between Indonesian local corn cultivars for decide the quality of seed. Biodiversitas 21: 3189-3199. Each region in Indonesia has local corn cultivars (Zea mays L), for example, South Sulawesi has some Pulut Pangkajene cultivars and Purbalingga, Central Java has Entog and Senggani cultivars. Compared to hybrid corn, local corn has its advantages such as dry resistance, short life, and specific taste. The identification of seed germination and seedling growth for Pangkajene corn (South Sulawesi), Entog and Senggani corns (Purbalingga) has not been performed, thus, specific characteristics to differ those three corn cultivars have not been available. The study aims to establish the characteristics of local corn cultivars, comprise the seed germination, seedling growth, and determine the best local corn cultivars for supporting food sources. This research has Factorial patterned with a Completely Randomized Design and it was repeated 4 times. The main factor is the germination facility, namely germination chamber and nursery house. Meanwhile, the second factors are corn cultivars, namely Pangkajene, Entog, and Senggani. The result shows that the Pangkajene and Entog cultivars have higher germinability and germination value compared to Senggani corn cultivar. Pangkajene and Senggani cultivars have higher seedling growth than Entog cultivar seedlings characterized by high relative growth rate (R) values. The Pangkajene cultivar has higher quality compared to 2 local corn cultivars of Entog and Senggani from Purbalingga (Central Java). Further, Senggani cultivars have higher quality than Entog cultivars.

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