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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Liver metabolic activities of Pasundan cattle induced by irradiated chitosan Andi Mushawwir; JOHAR ARIFIN; DARMAWAN DARWIS; TITA PUSPITASARI; DEWI SEKAR PENGERTENI; NUNUNG NURYANTHI; RONNIE PERMAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 12 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211202

Abstract

Abstract. Mushawwir A, Arifin J, Darwis D, Puspitasari T, Pengerteni DS, Nuryanthi N, Perman R. 2020. Liver metabolic activities of Pasundan cattle induced by irradiated chitosan. Biodiversitas 21: 5571-5578. A total of one hundred and twenty-five, 2-3 year old male Pasundan cattle were used as livestock samples during the three months of this research. They were selected from the local cattle breeding and development center in Ciamis. The animal samples were randomly allocated to 5 treatment groups. One group served as the control, or without irradiated chitosan, while the others were used as treatment in varying levels. Each treatment group involved five replicates with 25 Pasundan bulls per treatment i.e five Pasundan bulls per replication. Each group was provided with the following rations: C0 = Control group, without IC (0 ppm IC); C1 = 350 ppm Irradiated Chitosan (IC); C2 = 400 ppm IC; C3 = 450 ppm IC; and C4 = 500 ppm IC. Irradiated chitosan was obtained through the following steps: extraction, deacetylation, and irradiation of chitin using gamma rays. Five mL of blood samples were collected from each bull at the beginning of each month of this experiment, which totaled three months. The blood samples were sucked from the tail/coccygeal vein using a sterilized syringe and vacuum tube containing K3EDTA. The plasma was used to determine the concentration of parameters related to liver metabolism through an automatic biochemical analyzer Kenza 240TX model from Biolabo, using a commercial kit. Each procedure was followed based on the Biolabo kit (Franch) and Randox kit (UK). This study showed that IC reduces the activity of glycogenolysis and glycolysis, but is accompanied by improvements in the biochemical conditions of liver cells. This is a favorable condition for the metabolism of Pasundan bulls in order to enhance their growth and reproduction.
Indigenous Lien Minh chicken of Vietnam: Phenotypic characteristics and single nucleotide polymorphisms of GH, IGFBP and PIT candidate genes related to growth traits Huong Do Thi Thu; NGUYEN TRAN THI BINH; LUC DO DUC; DOAN BUI HUU; DANG THUY NHUNG; CANH NGUYEN XUAN; LINH NGUYEN VIET; ANH NGUYEN THAI; MINH LUU QUANG; DANG KIM PHAM; Hoang Thinh Nguyen
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 11 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211140

Abstract

Abstract. Thu HDT, Binh NTT, Duc LD, Huu DB, Nhung DT, Xuan CN, Viet LN, Thai AN, Quang ML, Pham DK, Hoang TN. 2020. Indigenous Lien Minh chicken of Vietnam: Phenotypic characteristics and single nucleotide polymorphisms of GH, IGFBP and PIT candidate genes related to growth traits. Biodiversitas 21: 5344-5352. Lien Minh chicken, a Vietnamese indigenous breed, has contributed importantly to the economic development of rural citizens in Cat Ba island, Hai Phong province due to its highly desired characteristics. However, Lien Minh chickens showed a slower growth rate when compared to other industrial chicken breeds. Therefore, the study aims at assessing the appearance characteristics and growth performance of 100 individuals Lien Minh chickens, and investigating the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of candidate genes including GH, IGFBP and PIT, which might be associated with growth traits. Blood samples were collected from wing of Lien Minh chickens and used for DNA extraction. Genotyping by the PCR-RFLP method was then conducted. The allele frequencies were 0.97 and 0.03 for alleles A and G of GHi3 gene, respectively. For in IGFBP2 gene, allele frequencies were found as 0.47 for the A allele and 0.53 for G allele. The allele frequencies for PIT1 gene were recorded as 100% for allele B. These polymorphic loci (GHi3, PIT1, and IGFBP2) were followed by the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in the Lien Minh chicken population. These were the initial results, which could be used to analyze the correlation of molecular markers and growth traits in Lien Minh chickens.
The predator-prey model on squids and anchovies fisheries in Jepara District, Central Java, Indonesia Dian Wijayanto; Azis Bambang; Faik Kurohman
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 12 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211228

Abstract

Abstract. Wijayanto D, Bambang AN, Kurohman F. 2020. The predator-prey model on squids and anchovies fisheries in Jepara District, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 5698-5703. Traditional fisheries dominate marine fisheries in Jepara District, Central Java, Indonesia, including the lift net. The catch of the lift net includes squids and anchovies. The ecological relationship between squids and anchovies must be investigated to develop squids and anchovies management. Without proper modeling, the management of anchovies and squids can lead to over-exploitation of both types of commodities. This study aimed to develop the predator-prey model of squids and anchovies fish in the Jepara District. We conducted predator-prey modeling in squids and anchovies using production and fishing effort data from 2010 to 2019. This research showed a predator-prey relationship between squids (as a predator) and anchovies (as prey) in Jepara District. The anchovy’s production function follows the equation: CA = 14,507 E-51 E2 + 0.41 CS or CA = 4,444 E-15.49 E2. The production function of squids follows the equation: CS = 35,156 E-124 E2-2.42 CA or CS = 24,385 E-86 E2. The optimal fishing effort for anchovies and squids production is 144 units of lift net and 141 units of lift net.
Advancing traceability using DNA sequence on seafood product: fraudulence in shrimp crackers Mala Nurilmala; YOGHI AJITAMA; AGOES M. JACOEB; AFKAR RONA INDARWATI; RONI NUGRAHA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 12 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211222

Abstract

Abstract. Nurilmala M, Atjitama Y, Jacob AM, Indarwati AR, Nugraha R. 2020. Advancing traceability using DNA sequence on seafood product: fraudulence in shrimp crackers. Biodiversitas 21: 5650-5656. Shrimp crackers are snacks made from starch with the addition of shrimp and other ingredients. Authentication of shrimp crackers becomes a quality control method in line with its traceability since the morphological characters are not recognized in those products. The failure of the authentication will lead to adulteration of shrimp products. The study aimed to design shrimp-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers by and used them to authenticate shrimp cracker products to assure their traceability. The primers were designed from cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene with a GC content of 50% and a melting temperature of 57 °C. The amplicon had a length of 613 bp. Fourteen shrimp crackers having DNA concentrations 0.3 to 8.1 ng/µL were evaluated. Eight out of fourteen DNA samples were successfully amplified using the specific primer and could be visualized on the agarose gel at 500-750 bp. Those DNA samples were identified belonging to shrimp species, namely Litopenaeus vannamei, Metapenaeus ensis, and Fenneropenaeus merguiensis with 95% to 100% identity. Meanwhile, the other six DNA samples underwent PCR using universal primers. One sample was amplified and identified as fish (Sphyraena flavicauda). These results indicate illegal substitution of shrimp using unidentified species occurred in shrimp crackers.
Exploring of promising bacteria from the rhizosphere of maize, cocoa and lamtoro: Diversity, phosphate solubilizing and nitrogen fixing Sukmawati sukmawati; AMBO ALA; BAHARUDDIN PATANDJENGI; SIKSTUS GUSLI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 12 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211224

Abstract

Abstract. Sukmawati, Ala A, Patandjengi B, Gusli S. 2020. Exploring of promising bacteria from the rhizosphere of maize, cocoa and lamtoro. Biodiversitas 21: 5665-5673. Alginate-producing bacteria are important for improving the quality of dry land, as they can both dissolve phosphate and fix nitrogen. Until now, the alginate-producing bacteria are largely isolated from seaweed. These bacteria were from the root ecosystem of cultivated plants. This study was conducted to explore bacteria that were capable of producing alginates, dissolving phosphates, and fixing nitrogen from the rhizosphere of corn (Zea mays), cocoa (Theobroma cacao), and lamtoro (Leucaena leucocephala). The characterization was carried out both morphologically and physiologically. A total of 17 isolates were successfully grown on alginate media, of which six isolates were from maize rhizosphere, five isolates from cocoa, and six isolates from the lamtoro rhizosphere. Bacterial isolates from the rhizosphere of maize and cocoa varied in terms of colony colors. In contrast, isolates from the lamtoro rhizosphere varied in colony forms. The KK1-40 isolates showed the highest cell biomass and dry weight which were 0.082 g mL-1 and 0.068 g respectively. The KK3-32 isolate showed the highest phosphate dissolution concentration of 10.85 mg L-1 with phosphate solubility efficiency value (PSE) and phosphate solubility index (PSI) which were 166.7 and a phosphate solubility index (PSI) 2.67 with a phosphate dissolution concentration of 10.85 mg L-1. LR1-25 isolates were able to fix the highest amount of nitrogen with a total N content of 0.36%. Isolates KK1-40 and LR1-25 were identified as Gram-negative bacteria and isolate KK-32 were identified as Gram-positive bacteria. The bacterial isolates KK1-40, KK3-32, and LR1-25 were superior bacteria that can be formulated to increase the productivity of dry land.
Assessment of Air Bengkulu (Indonesia) watershed based on agroecosystem landscape quality and sustainable land use plan Muhammad Faiz Barchia; BAMBANG SULISTYO; KANANG S. HINDARTO; HERY SUHARTOYO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 11 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211150

Abstract

Abstract. Barchia MF, Sulistyo B, Hindarto KS, Suhartoyo H. 2020. Assessment of Air Bengkulu (Indonesia) watershed based on agroecosystem landscape quality and sustainable land use plan. Biodiversitas 21: 5422-5430. This study purposes to assess agro-ecosystem landscape based on land quality values and current land use and assess agro-ecosystem matrices with agricultural conservation practices in Air Bengkulu Watershed conducted from August to December 2019. Spatial analysis used some map and Landsat 8 OLI satellite imagery and ArcGIS version 10.1. The analysis depicted spatial distribution of soil and land quality, land uses, agricultural landscape matrices, and sustainable agro-ecosystems. The assessments revealed soil quality covered Air Bengkulu Watershed categorized moderate 33.1% to good 14.4% suitable for sustainable agroecosystems while in marginal quality 38.9% mostly lying on the upstream. This unique landscape formed a land quality prone to degradation because of intensive agriculture for oil palm covering 60% and coffee plantation about 17%. Actually, only about 61.1% of the Air Bengkulu Watershed is categorized as moderate to good quality matrix of sustainable agroecosystems. Improper agricultural cultivation with monoculture system without implemented conservation practices drove landscape filled with degradation landscapes. With sustainable agro-ecosystem scenarios implementing physical conservation terraces and restored with multi-purposes tree species such as candlenut, kapok tree, betel nut, durian, good quality of the landscape matrix of 82% Air Bengkulu Watershed.
Swampy rice lines for iron toxicity tolerance and yield components performance under inland swamp at Sorong, West Papua, Indonesia AJANG MARUAPEY; NOLADI WICAKSANA; AGUNG KARUNIAWAN; GUT WINDARSIH; Dwinita Wikan Utami
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 11 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211146

Abstract

Abstract. Maruapey A, Wicaksana N, Karuniawan A, Utami DW, Windarsih G. 2020. Swampy rice lines performance for iron toxicity tolerance and yield components under inland swamp at Sorong, West Papua, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 5394-5402. The extensification of sub-optimal lowland farming strategy is expected to support the increase of rice production. Based on the efforts, the development of tolerant rice varieties to Fe-toxicity to be used in the swampy land area is one of the approaches for increasing rice production. Currently, promising rice lines that are tolerant to Fe-toxicity has been developed using molecular breeding approach for inland swampy area. The objective of this research was to evaluate the performance of 15 promising rice lines that have various genetic backgrounds in inland swamp in Sorong, West Papua. The field experiment was conducted during the second rice planting season (August 2018 to February 2019) to evaluate the performance of the promising rice lines to the morpho-agronomic performance under the lowland swamp conditions. The trial was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) consisting of 4 m x 5 m square plots, with 25 cm x 25 cm planting distance and 3 replications. The results revealed that most of the lines had good performances on the Fe-toxicity tolerance, based on bronzing, root length, and biomass characters. The G1 line had the best performance on yield component characters, especially the panicle length. This line also had the highest grain yield (6.15 ton.ha-1) followed by the next promising line of G7 (5.92 ton.ha-1). The genetic performance of these lines showed that they contained IRT (Iron Regulation Transporter) alleles that contributed to partitioning the Fe tolerance mechanism.
Biomass yield and growth allometry of some crops growing under weed stress Saira Qadir; Afsheen Khan; IRAM US SALAM
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 12 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211218

Abstract

Abstract. Qadir S, Khan A, Salam IU. 2020. Biomass yield and growth allometry of some crops growing under weed stress. Biodiversitas 21: 5621-5629. The conventional approach in crop science generally focuses on nutritional yield of crops. Crop yield is basically ranked by its photosynthetic efficiency. Hence the higher reserves of photosynthetic products are achieved in the form of biomass. Current study explains the gain and loss in biomass of five different crops viz, Zea mays L. (maize), Hordeum vulgare L. (barley), Cicer arietinum L. (chickpea), Pisum sativum L. (pea) and Phaseolus vulgaris L. (French beans) treated by weed manure of Portulaca oleracea L., Euphorbia hirta L. and Amaranthus viridis L. at 5%, 10% and 15% concentration. The inhibitory effects of the given weeds persist with significant (p < 0.5) differences in the biomass of tested crops. Absolute growth rate (AGR), relative growth rate (RGR) and carbon content are highest (29.43 mg day-1, 2.43 mg gm-1day-1 and 15.25% respectively) in Chickpea plants induced by 5% P. oleracea extract. The highest inhibition recorded in Pea plants induced by 15% of A. viridis extract with 8.33 mg day-1, 1.42 mg gm-1day-1 and 4.67% of AGR, RGR and carbon yield respectively. Inhibition rate of weeds on leaf growth indices also exists in the same order i.e., the highest in A. viridis and the lowest in P. oleracea. Therefore, it is concluded that A. viridis has produced the highest level of inhibition among the three weeds while Pea species is the most sensitive crop species among the five tested crops.
Potential secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters and antibacterial activity of novel taxa Gandjariella Fitria Ningsih; Dhian Chitra Ayu Fitria Sari; Shuhei Yabe; Akira Yokota; Wellyzar Sjamsuridzal
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 12 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211225

Abstract

Abstract. Ningsih F, Sari DCAF, Yabe S, Yokota A, Sjamsuridzal W. 2020. Potential secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters and antibacterial activity of novel taxa Gandjariella. Biodiversitas 21: 5674-5684. Microbial resistance to available antibiotics has gained increasing attention in recent years and led to the urgent search for active secondary metabolites from novel microbial taxa. This study aimed to assess putative secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) in the genome of a novel thermophilic Actinobacteria type strain Gandjariella thermophila SL3-2-4T and screen for its antibacterial activity. Four other related novel candidate Actinobacteria strains, isolated from forest soil in the Cisolok geothermal area (West Java, Indonesia), were also screened for antibacterial activity in various media solidified with gellan gum. The genome of the SL3-2-4T strain contained 21 antiSMASH-identified secondary metabolite regions harboring BGCs. These BGCs were for polyketide synthase, non-ribosomal peptide synthase, and ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptide family clusters. Three BGC regions displayed 50-100% similarity with known secondary metabolites. Thirteen and five regions displayed low (4-35%) and no similarity with known BGCs for secondary metabolites, respectively. Strains SL3-2-4T and SL3-2-7 on MM 2 medium solidified with gellan gum at 45 °C for 14 days demonstrated inhibitory activity against all Gram-positive, but not Gram-negative bacteria. Strain SL3-2-10 on ISP 3 gellan gum medium incubated for seven days only active against K. rhizophila NBRC 12078. Strains SL3-2-6 and SL3-2-9 did not exhibit any antibacterial activity against the tested bacterial strains on the three tested media. The results indicated that novel taxa have the potential for the discovery of active secondary metabolites.
Soil diversity influences on oil palm productivity in ultramafic ecosystems, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia SYAMSU ALAM; Benito Heru Purwanto; EKO HANUDIN; EKA TARWACA SUSILA PUTRA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 11 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211161

Abstract

Abstract. Alam S, Purwanto BH, Hanudin E, Putra ETS. 2020. Soil diversity influences oil palm productivity in ultramafic ecosystems, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 5521-5530. Ultramafic is a unique ecosystem with an environmental gradient due to its high soil diversity. Understanding soil diversity in ultramafic ecosystems is fundamentally required to support sustainable agriculture management, particularly in oil palm plantation. This study investigated the relationship between soil diversity and productivity of oil palm in ultramafic ecosystems, Southeast Sulawesi. The soil survey has taken in Oheo, Langgikima, and Routa districts. Soil sample was collected from various toposequence, including upper, middle, and lower slope to describe soil properties, including soil texture, pH, CEC, SOC, TN, Av-P, Exc-K, Exc-Ca, and Exc-Mg. Whilst observation of oil palm productivity was done by recording the fresh-weight of fruit yield in hectare unit during a month. The results showed that the soil characteristics from the three sites were significantly different in soil texture, pH, CEC, Av-P, Exc-Ca, and Exc-Mg. A similar trend was also recorded in oil palm productivity wherein the highest oil palm productivity was discovered in Oheo (556.41+96.26 kg ha-1), followed by Langgikima (501.11+54.84 kg ha-1) and Routa (163.19+17.55 kg ha-1). Our study founded: pH, CEC, Av-P, Exc-K, Exc-Ca, and Exc-Mg significantly affected the productivity of oil palm. Based on these results, the soil diversity highly affected oil palm productivity in ultramafic ecosystems.

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