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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Changes of tree species diversity in peatland impacted by moderate fire severity at Teluk Meranti, Pelalawan, Riau Province, Indonesia Lailan Syaufina; Annas Abi Hamzah
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 5 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220555

Abstract

Abstract. Syaufina L, Hamzah AA. 2021. Changes of tree species diversity in peatland impacted by moderate fire severity at Teluk Meranti, Pelalawan, Riau Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 2899-2908. Riau is one of the fire-prone provinces in Indonesia, which contributes to environmental problems not only in the country but also in neighboring countries. Peatland fire occurs annually in the province that causes transboundary haze pollution. Despite being an important threat to biodiversity, study on peatland fire impacts seems limited. The aims of this study are to analyze changes in tree species diversity due to fire and to assess fire severity. The study was conducted at Teluk Meranti Sub-district, Pelalawan District, Riau Province, Indonesia by establishing 18 sample plots in six transect lines for both burned and unburned areas. Fire severity classification was assessed by aggregate scoring of vegetation condition (individual tree damages, burned vegetation severity, and biodiversity) and soil condition (physical properties, chemical properties, and burned peat depth) indicators. The research revealed a significant change in tree species diversity from 24 species (unburned area) to 2 species (burned area) from high diversity index (2.86) to low diversity index (0.57); only 29% of burned trees can survive; average burned peat depth was about 33 cm; a significant difference of soil condition for both areas was observed. The severity of forest fires in Teluk Meranti, Pelalawan, Riau was classified as the moderate category, with a total score of 58.80%.
Thermophilic bacteria isolated from Mount Merapi, Java, Indonesia as a potential lead bioremediation agent Anna Rakhmawati; Endang Tri Wahyuni; Triwibowo Yuwono
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 6 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220612

Abstract

Abstract. Rakhmawati A, Wahyuni ET, Yuwono T. 2021. Thermophilic bacteria isolated from Mount Merapi, Java, Indonesia as a potential lead bioremediation agent. Biodiversitas 22: 3101-3110. Contamination by lead (Pb) has become a serious health and environmental problem, that has to be urgently prevented. Bioremediation is one of the environmentally friendly methods for eliminating Pb from the contaminated environment. This study was aimed to investigate the potency of lead-tolerant thermophilic bacteria isolated from solfatara Mount Merapi, Indonesia. A total of 340 isolates of thermophilic bacteria were screened for lead tolerance at 55 °C. Five bacterial isolates were found to show tolerance to 100 mg/L Pb (II), and then were further evaluated and identified as Aeribacillus pallidus strains MRP112, MRP148, MRP272, MRP278, and MRP280 based on 16S rRNA gene sequences analysis. Among the five isolates, A. pallidus MRP 280 showed highest activity in removing Pb at pH 6, 55°C for 24 h. The analysis of scanning and transmission electron microscopy, biofilm formation, and siderophore production, demonstrated that lead tolerance of A. pallidus MRP 280 strain was also accompanied by morphological changes, bioaccumulation, biosorption, biofilm, and siderophore assembly. In conclusion A. pallidus MRP 280 was demonstrated as one of the most potential bacterial strains, can be recommended as an agent for high-temperature lead bioremediation.
The structure of permaculture landscapes in the Philippines JABEZ JOSHUA M. FLORES; Inocencio Buot. Jr.
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 4 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220452

Abstract

Abstract. Flores JJM, Buot Jr. IE. 2021. The structure of permaculture landscapes in the Philippines. Biodiversitas 22: 2032-2044. Biodiversity plays a crucial role in sustainable agriculture. Permaculture is a design philosophy that values this role as it consciously integrates diverse components into the farm landscape. The purpose of the study was to characterize the general structure of permaculture landscapes in the Philippines and identify the landscape components that comprise its farming systems. The research was conducted in 12 permaculture farms in 11 provinces in the Philippines in 2018. Aerial photography and farm inventory were employed for data collection. A crop diversity survey was conducted using a modified belt transect method with alternating 20 m2 plots within a 1 ha sampling area. Full enumeration of plant species in each plot was performed to determine species richness and samples were manually counted to compute for the Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index. Results of the study showed that permaculture landscapes were organized into six spatial zones: ‘house,’ ‘garden,’ ‘grazing,’ ‘cash crops,’ ‘food forest,’ and 'wilderness.' It was identified that each zone contained components belonging to six categories: abiotic, biotic, man-made structural, technological, socio-economic, and cultural. 'Biotic' results showed that all sites recorded high species richness (>20-65) with the highest found in Glinoga Organic Farm with 65. Aloha House in Palawan had the highest diversity with a score of 0.311. An analysis of the ratio of plant species per plant category showed that the vegetable/cereal crops dominated the landscape in 50% of sites. While 20% were characterized by tree/fruit-bearing crops. Perennial species were the most abundant in all sites with 75-95% of the total plant species. In conclusion, permaculture provided a design framework for restructuring our agricultural landscapes into diverse and productive ecosystems for human settlement and food production.
Reproduction performance, morphometric and structure population of Kuntu buffalo (Bubalis bubalis Merr) in Kampar District, Riau, Indonesia Yendraliza Yendraliza; MUHAMAD RODIALLAH; Zumarni Zumarni; ELFAWATI ELFAWATI; HIDAYATI HIDAYATI; KUSNADI KUSNADI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 6 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220644

Abstract

Abstract. Yendraliza, Rodiallah M, Zumarni, Elfawati, Hidayati, Kusnadi. 2021. Reproduction performance, morphometric and structure population of Kuntu buffalo (Bubalis bubalis Merr) in Kampar District, Riau, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3370-3377. Kuntu buffalo is one of the germplasm of Riau Province. This study aimed was to determine reproduction performance, potential output, population dynamics, and morphometrics of Kuntu buffalo in Kampar Kiri, Indonesia. The research was conducted in July-October 2019 with materials used in the study were 2.746 buffalo and 1.117 buffalo breeders. The research method used was a survey. The respondents from five locations were determined using a purposive sampling technique. The age at first mating of buffalo 42 ± 0.7 months, the S/C 2.6 ± 1.5 times, calving interval 15.3 ± 2.3 months and calving rate 55.59%. The reproductive efficiency of Kuntu buffalo 96.22%, a natural increase of 55.59%, the net replacements rates (male and female) were 289.60% and 446.59%, respectively and potential output of 39.24% was obtained. The population dynamics of the Kuntu buffalo from 2014 to 2019 experienced a growth of 48% with prediction of the population in 2023 is 7.277 heads. The average body size of male and female Kuntu buffalo is small. The conclusion of Kuntu buffalo reproduction is still efficient with the availability of substitute livestock exceeding the need of livestock and the natural increase of Kuntu buffalo population is very high.
Short communication: Leaf architecture of 35 species of Dipterocarpaceae cultivated in Forest Area with Special Purposes in Carita, Banten, Indonesia ALNUS MEINATA; MOHAMMAD NA’IEM; DWI TYANINGSIH ADRIYANTI; ATUS SYAHBUDIN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 7 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220748

Abstract

Abstract. MeinataA, Na’iem M, Adriyanti DT, Syahbudin A. 2021. Short communication: Leaf architecture of 35 species of Dipterocarpaceae cultivated in Forest Area with Special Purposes in Carita, Banten, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 2952-2960. Dipterocarpaceae is a major commercial timber characterized by high unbranched bole, paired stipules, and winged fruit. The identification process in the family becomes problematic, in cases where the generative organ is absent. Therefore, a new approach needs to be established to address any misidentification leading to improper utilization. This study aims to determine the leaf architecture in 35 species of Dipterocarpaceae cultivated in Forest Area with Special Purposes (KHDTK) Carita, Banten, Indonesia. The ten leaf samples collected were the third and fourth leaves from terminal shoots of a single tree of each species. Subsequently, the data were observed and measured based on the 17 morphological characters. Each character was then scored and analyzed using multivariate analyses cluster to determine the relationship between species. Dipterocarpaceae generally has pinnate leaf category, geniculate petiole, and entire margin. Furthermore, the phenon line in the dendrogram is cut at 0.695 similarity level to establish meaningful interpretation. The 35 species observed were grouped into 4 major clusters. Small leaf group, inconsistent tertiary vein pattern group, symmetrical leaves with cordate base leaf group, and other groups that do not resemble mentioned characters. The key determination comprised 34 couplets with three characters repeated due to limited descriptors.
The presence and abundance of harmful dinoflagellate algae related to water quality in Jakarta Bay, Indonesia Annisa Khaira Nasution; Noverita Dian Takarina; Hikmah Thoha
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 5 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220556

Abstract

Abstract. Takarina ND, Nasution AK, Thoha H. 2021. The presence and abundance of harmful dinoflagellate algae related to water quality in Jakarta Bay, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 2909-2917. Dinoflagellate is a single-celled organism that commonly occurs in large numbers in marine environment. When environment changes, harmful dinoflagellate algae often emerge as a response to change in water quality. Jakarta Bay, Indonesia is the meeting point of 13 rivers that carry anthropogenic effluents, not only from agriculture and human settlements, but also industrial activities with some initial evidence showed the increasing growth of harmful algae population and decreasing water quality. This study aims to assess the correlations between dinoflagellate abundance and water quality parameters (i.e., dissolved oxygen, pH, salinity, temperature, and turbidity) in Jakarta Bay. Dinoflagellates were sampled in July 2020 at four river mouths, namely Ancol, Muara Baru, Muara Angke, and Muara Karang, each with three replications. Results showed that five dinoflagellates categorized as harmful were recorded. The following order of dinoflagellates based on abundance was Noctiluca > Ceratium > Gonyaulax > Gymnodinium > Dinophysis. Dinoflagellate abundance ranges were as low as 353,857 cells/m3 for Dinophysis and as high as 85,279,547 cells/m3 for Noctiluca. In terms of location, Muara Baru had the highest dinoflagellate abundance. There were correlations between dinoflagellate abundance with water quality. The dinoflagellate abundance was positively correlated with DO (Gymnodinium 0.5152; Dinophysis 0.5262; Gonyaulax 0.3701; Noctiluca 0.0429; Ceratium 0.4168) and temperature (Gymonodium 0.3894; Ceratium 0.3627; Gonyaulax 0.3428;Dinophysis 0.2536) but negatively correlated with pH (Ceratium-0.5558; Dinophysis-0.4868; Gymonodinium-0.4284; Noctiluca-0.4201; Gonyaulax-0.3881), turbidity (Dinophysis-0.2336; Gonyaulax-0.0105; Noctiluca-0.1164; Ceratium-0.0896), salinity (Gymnodinium-0.2176; Dinophysis-0.0888; Ceratium-0.0434).
Karyotype variation in lesser short-nosed fruit bat Cynopterus brachyotis (Müller 1838) from Special Region Yogyakarta, Indonesia Husni Mubarok; Niken Satuti Nur Handayani; Ibnu Maryanto; Tuty Arisuryanti
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 5 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220514

Abstract

Abstract. Mubarok H, Handayani NSN, Maryanto I, Arisuryanti T. 2021. Karyotype variation in lesser short-nosed fruit bat Cynopterus brachyotis (Müller 1838) from Special Region Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 2560-2568. Lesser short-nosed fruit bat Cynopterus brachyotis is a widespread fruit bat in different habitats. This species is suspected to have chromosome morphology variation, since karyotype data in Indochinese Peninsula, Borneo, West Java, and the Philippines has been revealed. Karyotype data can provide basic information on taxonomic relationships, evolutionary origins, and genetic aberrations. This study aimed to analyze karyotype variation in C. brachyotis from different habitats in a special region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Total 14 sample bats were mist-nets trapped, including six individuals from an urban area, three individuals from natural forest, and five individuals from mangrove forest. Chromosome preparations were conducted using the splash method with bone marrow, including treatment of colchicine 0.005%, 0.075M KCl solution, Carnoy solution, and Giemsa staining. Chromosome was analyzed and classified using ImageJ Levan Plugin software. The result showed C. brachyotis from different habitats in this study indicated karyotype variation and have different karyotype from West Java samples. Males C. brachyotis from mangrove forest have a karyotype formula of 2n=34, FN=61, 16m+8sm+2st+6t, X=st, and Y=t, while female C. brachyotis from the urban area have karyotype formula of 2n=34, FN=62, 16m+4sm +6st+6st, and X=st.
Short Communication: Allometric model to estimate bifoliate leaf area and weight of kaffir lime (Citrus hystrix) Rahmat Budiarto; Roedhy Poerwanto; Edi Santosa; Darda Efendi; Andria Agusta
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 5 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220545

Abstract

Abstract. Budiarto R, Poerwanto R, Santosa E, Efendi D, Agusta A. 2021. Short Communication: Allometric model to estimate bifoliate leaf area and weight of kaffir lime (Citrus hystrix). Biodiversitas 22: 2815-2820. Leaf is an economically important plant organ harvested from kaffir lime (Citrus hystrix DC.) for flavor and fragrance. This study aimed to formulate and validate regression models to estimate the leaf area (LA) and leaf weight (LW) of bifoliate kaffir lime leaf. There were 220 bifoliate leaves collected from 22 individual plants planted on Bogor. Bifoliate C. hystrix leaf consisted of upper main leaflets and winged petiole as lower secondary leaflet. All leaves were pooled and then grouped randomly into two subgroups for model formulation and validation, respectively. Linear, zero intercepts linear, exponential, logarithmic, polynomial, zero intercept polynomial and power regressions were used to properly estimate LA and LW. There was 63 formula obtained from nine predictors following seven regression models. Selected nine formulas with the highest R2 plus a stepwise formula were further tested for validation. Stepwise always showed the highest R2 followed by total of leaf ,length (TL) both on LA and LW estimation. However, the stepwise seemed to be more complicated and time wasted than TL regression model. Thus, our recommendation models for non-destructive and simple estimation in C. hystrix bifoliate leaf were LA = 0.1997 (TL)2 + 0.4571 (TL) and LW = 0.0067 (TL)2 + 0.0065 (TL), respectively.
Metabolite correlation with antioxidant activity in different fruit maturation stages of Physalis peruviana Syariful Mubarok; Fiky Yulianto; Rahmat Budiarto; Bayu Pradana Nur Rahmat; Sucinta Aulida Khoerunnisa
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 5 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220536

Abstract

Abstract. Mubarok S, Wicaksono FY, Budiarto R, Rahmat BPN, Khoerunnisa SA. 2021. Metabolite correlation with antioxidant activity in different fruit maturation stages of Physalis peruviana. Biodiversitas 22: 2743-2749. Fruit development influences the metabolites contents and then its biological activity, however, such report is still limited in goldenberry (Physalis peruviana L.). This work aimed to evaluate metabolite variability and its correlation to antioxidant activity in several stages of fruit maturation in goldenberry originating from Sumedang, Indonesia. The research was laid out in a completely randomized design with 6 different treatments in terms of fruit maturation stages. Only fresh and pest-disease-free fruits collected from local farms were prepared for several metabolites assay, i.e pH, TSS, lycopene, ?-carotene, polyphenol, flavonoid and its antioxidant activity. The statistical analysis resulted in a significant improvement of all fruit metabolite variables in response to fruit maturation process, except polyphenol. Compared to the oldest fruit stage of S6 (orange berry covered by full wilt white calyx), the youngest fruit of S1 (green berry covered by fresh green calyx) increased the pH, TSS, lycopene, ?-carotene and flavonoid by about 7%, 67.5%, eight-fold, nine-fold and two-fold, respectively. Pearson correlation analysis showed a significant and positive correlation between all metabolite variables (except polyphenol) to antioxidant activity of goldenberry fruit.
The effect of magnetized seawater on physiological and biochemical properties of different rice cultivars Ekris Sutiyanti; Diah Rachmawati
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 6 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220611

Abstract

Abstract. Sutiyanti E, Rachmawati D. 2021. The effect of magnetized seawater on physiological and biochemical properties of different rice cultivars. Biodiversitas 22: 3083-3091. Seawater is an alternative source to overcome the reduced availability of freshwater in agricultural practices. However, seawater cannot be used directly because it has high salinity that causes various disturbances in plant growth and development. Magnetic field treatment can be used for seawater desalination. The objective of this study was to analyze the potential of magnetized seawater for agricultural irrigation by observing the effect of magnetized seawater on physiological and biochemical properties of different rice cultivars. This research was conducted in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with  3 research factors, which were 2 rice cultivars ('IR 64' and 'Inpari 35'), 2 levels of salinity (0 and 10 dS m-1), and 4  types of magnetic treatment (0 untreated with magnetic device, 1, 2 and 3 cycles treated with magnetic device). Variables including plant growth (plant height, fresh weight and dry weight), physiological characters (chlorophyll content, carotenoid content, membrane stability index, relative water content, proline content) and biochemical properties (superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, H2O2 and anthocyanin content) were observed. Magnetized seawater 3 cycles enhanced growth, physiology and biochemical parameters of ‘IR 64’ and ‘Inpari 35’ in 0 and 10 dS m-1 level salinity with decreasing level salinity of water to minimize effect of salinity. The effect of magnetized seawater treatment is more visible to increase the growth of ‘IR 64' rice plants.

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