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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Cordia africana but not Juniperus procera and Podocarpus falcatus respond positively to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi at the early stages of seedling development Fisseha Asmelash; Tamrat Bekele; Zerihun Belay; Fassil Kebede
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 5 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220562

Abstract

Abstract. Asmelash F, Bekele T, Belay Z, Kebede F. 2021. Cordia africana but not Juniperus procera and Podocarpus falcatus respond positively to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi at the early stages of seedling development. Biodiversitas 22: 2971-2980. AMF (Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi) inoculation could be an important technology to improve the growth and field survival of trees. Hence, we evaluated the mycorrhizal responsiveness of Cordia africana Lam., Juniperus procera (Hoechst. ex Endl.), and Podocarpus falcatus (Thumb.) Mirb. seedlings. Seedlings germinated on sterile sand were transplanted to 1-liter plastic pots filled with sterile and non-sterile degraded bulk soil. Rhizospheric soil from adult C. africana and J. procera were used as whole-soil AMF inocula. Cordia africana and J. procera received conspecific whole-soil AMF inocula while P. falcatus received J. procera inoculum. Hence, in the two-by-two factorial experiment, we also evaluated the growth effects of AMF inoculation, soil type, and their interaction. On the sterile potting soil, MRi (mycorrhizal responsiveness due to AMF inoculation) of C. africana was positive and significantly (p<0.05) greater than the MRi of J. procera and P. falcatus. However, on the non-sterile potting soil, it was significantly greater than the MRi of P. falcatus only. MRs (MR due to the existing potting soil inocula) and considering all growth variables were mostly positive for C. africana but negative for J. procera and P. falcatus. AMF inoculation significantly increased most growth variables of C. africana seedlings and no significant “inoculation” x “soil type” interaction effects were detected. Hence, AMF inoculation of C. africana seedlings could be merited and under wide range of field conditions. In the case of J. procera and P. falcatus, after-planting care could be more appropriate
Numerical phenetic and phylogenetic relationships in silico among brown seaweeds (Phaeophyceae) from Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia Ajeng Meidya Ningrum; Abdul Razaq Chasani
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 6 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220607

Abstract

Abstract. Ningrum AM, Chasani AR. 2021. Numerical phenetic and phylogenetic relationships in silico among brown seaweeds (Phaeophyceae) from Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3057-3064. Human activities such as industrial and tourism development on coastal areas in Indonesia are dreaded to affect seaweed diversity, including brown seaweeds (Phaeophyceae). Though study on brown seaweeds diversity has been done quite a lot, there is no record of analysis of phenetic and phylogenetic relationships among brown seaweeds. Hence, this study aims to determine the phenetic and phylogenetic relationships in silico among brown seaweeds and define characters that play a role in the clustering of brown seaweeds from Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Exploration was done using purposive sampling method. Numerical phenetic analysis was generated using MVSP 3.1. Further clustering method was implemented to identify phenetic relationships The PCA method was used to reveal morphological, anatomical, and biochemical characters that determine the clustering pattern. The phylogenetic relationships in silico analysis were conducted using rbcL genes from NCBI GenBank database. All multiple sequences were aligned using ClustalW and phylogram reconstruction was performed using Neighbor-Joining (NJ) method in MEGA 7.0. Our study showed that both the analyses, i.e., numerical phenetic and phylogenetic relationships in silico resulted in two main clusters although the species composition of the clusters was slightly different. The PCA analysis indicated that the morphological characters i.e. blade shape, phylloid shape, thalli height, length of the main axis, and the water bladder shape play an important role in the clustering of brown seaweeds species.
Isolation, identification, and analysis of the invertase-producing bacteria abundance in sugarcane rhizosphere soil with different plant productivity levels Ester Raisa K. Lase; Giyanto Giyanto; DWI ANDREAS SANTOSA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 8 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220809

Abstract

Abstract. Lase ERK, Giyanto Santosa DA. 2021. Isolation, identification, and analysis of the invertase-producing bacteria abundance in sugarcane rhizosphere soil with different plant productivity levels. Biodiversitas 22: 3156-3162. microbes and enzymes play an important role in maintaining the stability of soil ecosystems. Invertase is one of the soil enzymes produced by microbes to hydrolyze sucrose in the environment. The aims of this study were to investigate the abundance of invertase-producing bacteria and soil invertase activity in sugarcane rhizosphere soil with different plant productivity levels and their correlation with soil chemical and physical properties and to obtain invertase-producing bacteria from the sugarcane rhizosphere. The samples of sugarcane rhizosphere soil were collected using a randomized sampling method and determine their physical-chemical properties, the abundance of invertase-producing bacteria, and soil invertase activity. Twenty invertase-producing bacteria were successfully isolated and tested their abilities to produce invertase qualitatively and quantitatively. The three best isolates (ScT112, ScT124, and ScR301) were molecularly identified using the 16S rRNA gene and phylogenetic tree analysis. The results of this study indicate that there is a significant correlation between invertase bacterial abundance and soil invertase activity. The abundance of invertase-producing bacteria correlates with pH, organic C, total N, and soil sand content. Invertase activity in the soil correlates with pH and organic C. Based on the phylogenetic tree, the isolates of ScT112 had the closest homology with Cupriavidus sp., ScT124 was homologous with Klebsiella variicola, while ScR301 was homologous with Pantoea sp. These three isolates have the potential to be developed in industrial biotechnology to produce invertase. The hydrolysis zones of ScT112, ScT124, and ScR301 were 3.12 cm, 2.76 cm, and 2.55 cm, respectively with the invertase activity of 27.82 U mL-1, 24.56 U mL-1, and 24.08 U mL-1.
Leaf morphological traits of Orophea spp. (Annonaceae): Living collections of Purwodadi Botanic Gardens, East Java, Indonesia Dewi Ayu Lestari; ABBAN PUTRI FIQA; ILHAM KURNIA ABYWIJAYA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 6 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220648

Abstract

Abstract. Lestari DA, Fiqa AP, Abywijaya IK. 2021. Leaf morphological traits of Orophea spp. (Annonaceae): Living collections of Purwodadi Botanic Gardens, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3403-3411. Orophea (Annonaceae) have various benefits and play important roles in lowland forest structures. Due to their importance, various Orophea species currently require identification for research and conservation purposes. One of many important variables for such purpose is leaf morphometrical features. This study aimed to investigate leaf morphometrical variations, measure morphometrical similarities, and identify determinant morphometrical traits for species identification in Orophea spp. As many as 23 living plant specimens of Orophea spp. cultivated in Purwodadi Botanic Gardens (belongs to 4 species: Orophea celebica, O. chlorantha, O. enneandra, O. hexandra and an unidentified Orophea sp.) were observed. Twelve measured leaf morphometrical traits in this study were leaf length and width, petiole length, distance from leaf base to the widest part of the leaf, number of secondary veins, apex and base shape, leaf area, length of leaf margin, length to width ratio, leaf roundness and slimness indices. Data were analyzed using multiple one-way ANOVA, Hierarchical Cluster and Principal Component Analyses from within R. The results highlighted that O. hexandra was the most distinguishable species with number of secondary veins, length to width ratio, and leaf slimness as the most distinct characters. The unidentified species of Orophea sp. exhibited morphometrical characters similar to O. chlorantha. No distinct leaf morphometrical traits were able to be identified as determinant characters to each species. Thus, suggesting leaf morphological traits analyses to be used only as a supporting component for plant identification, while still paying attention to the plant’s generative characters.
Diversity and potential contribution of wild edible plants to sustainable food security in North Wollo, Ethiopia Ahmed Hassen
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 6 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220660

Abstract

Hassen A. 2021. Diversity and potential contribution of wild edible plants to sustainable food security in North Wollo, Ethiopia. Biodiversitas 22: 2501-2510. Rural communities in different parts of the world use WEPs as supplementary food to increase dietary diversity. The findings of this study showed that 40.7% of the participants were food insecure in the study area. They are significantly dependent on WEPs when sudden drought exists. There were no significant studies conducted about ethnobotany in the study area. Therefore, this study was the first attempt to survey the perception of local people towards the potential resources of WEPs for sustainable food security, and conservation and management trends in North Wollo. Data was collected using semi-structured interviews (135 participants), tour-guided field observation, and focus group discussion (45 participants) to get relevant and adequate data. Descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, and preference ranking were used to analyze and interpret the quantitative data. A total of 66 locally available WEPs belong to 30 families found in the study area. Respondents’ preference revealed that O. ficus-indica, Z.spina-christ, C. spinarum, F. sur, and U. sinesis were ranked first, second, third, fourth, and fifth, respectively. Hence, this study will provide relevant information for policy-makers and managers to combat food insecurity in the study area.
Representative benthic habitat mapping on Lovina coral reefs in Northern Bali, Indonesia Anggita Kartikasari; TODHI PRISTIANTO; RIZKI HANINTYO; EGHBERT ELVAN AMPOU; TEJA ARIEF WIBAWA; BERTA BERLIAN BORNEO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 11 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221108

Abstract

Abstract. Kartikasari A, Pristianto T, Hanintyo R, Ampou EE, Wibawa TA, Borneo BB. 2021. Representative benthic habitat mapping on Lovina coral reefs in Northern Bali, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 4766-4774. Satellite optical imagery datasets integrated with in situ measurements are widely used to derive the spatial distribution of various benthic habitats in coral reef ecosystems. In this study, an approach to estimate spatial coverage of those habitats based on observation derived from Sentinel-2 optical imagery and a field survey, is presented. This study focused on the Lovina coral reef ecosystem of Northern Bali, Indonesia to support deployment of artificial reefs within the Indonesian Coral Reef Garden (ICRG) programme. Three specific locations were explored: Temukus, Tukad Mungga, and Baktiseraga waters. Spatial benthic habitat coverages of these three waters was estimated based on supervised classification techniques using 10m bands of Sentinel-2 imagery and the medium scale approach (MSA) transect method of in situ measurement.The study indicates that total coverage of benthic habitat is 61.34 ha, 25.17 ha, and 27.88 ha for Temukus, Tukad Mungga, and Baktiseraga waters, respectively. The dominant benthic habitat of those three waters consists of sand, seagrass, coral, rubble, reef slope and intertidal zone. The coral reef coverage is 29.48 ha (48%) for Temukus covered by genus Acropora, Isopora, Porites, Montipora, Pocillopora. The coverage for Tukad Mungga is 8.69 ha (35%) covered by genus Acropora, Montipora, Favia, Psammocora, Porites, and the coverage for Baktiseraga is 11.37 ha (41%) covered by genus Montipora sp, Goniastrea, Pavona, Platygyra, Pocillopora, Porites, Acropora, Leptoseris, Acropora, Pocillopora, Fungia. The results are expected to be suitable as supporting data in restoring coral reef ecosystems in the northern part of Bali, especially in Buleleng District.
Metabolite profile of two Allium cepa L. aggregatum group cultivars by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Fransiska Renita Anon Basundari; Endang Sulistyaningsih; Rudi Hari Murti; Tri Rini Nuringtyas
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 8 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220806

Abstract

Abstract. Basundari FRA, Sulistyaningsih E, Murti RH, Nuringtyas TR. 2021. Metabolite profile of two Allium cepa L. aggregatum group cultivars by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. Biodiversitas 22: 3127-3135. Shallot, an Allium species with high economic value, is widely cultivated in Indonesia. The species includes numerous cultivars with unique characteristics, such as harvesting time, yield, taste, odor, and bulb color. Tuk Tuk and Trisula, the cultivars used in this experiment, have different bulb colors. Tuk Tuk’s bulb color is light red, while that of Trisula is dark red. This color difference may be attributed to variations in the metabolite contents of the shallot bulbs. The present experiment aimed to reveal differences in the metabolite contents of the two shallot cultivars by using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and then determine the specific metabolites contributing to these differences. Bulbs of Tuk Tuk and Trisula were planted in the field under the same conditions and then collected. The bulb samples were powdered, freeze-dried, and subjected to a two-phase extraction method with CDCl3 and D2O as solvents to separate the nonpolar metabolites from polar ones. The extracts were analyzed by 1H-NMR, and the spectra collected were analyzed using MNOVA software and Metaboanalyst.ca. A total of 23 metabolites were successfully identified and characterized in this experiment. The contents of eight of these metabolites, namely, sucrose, glutamine, citric acid, choline, methiin, propiin, threonine, and formic acid, were significantly higher in Trisula than in Tuk Tuk. These differences may be correlated with variations in the color intensity, pungency, and other traits of the cultivars. The results demonstrate that NMR metabolite profiling could effectively differentiate metabolite profile variations among shallot cultivars.
Composition, structure, and physicochemical characteristics of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) starches from Indonesia Nur Rohmah Lufti A'yuni; Yustinus Marsono; Djagal Wiseso Marseno; Priyanto Triwitono
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 8 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220840

Abstract

Abstract. A’yuni NRL, Marsono Y, Marseno DW, Triwitoyo P. 2021. Composition, structure, and physicochemical characteristics of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) starches from Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3430-3439. Information on the characteristics of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) starch would provide a scientific basis for developing its application. However, data about characteristics of pigeon pea starch, especially from the Southeast Asia region, has been limited. This study determined the composition, structure, and physicochemical characteristics of pigeon pea starches from three different Indonesian regions, i.e., Bali, Yogyakarta, and West Nusa Tenggara (NTB). We also investigated the potential application of Indonesian pigeon pea starches. Pigeon pea starch was extracted using a wet method, and then pigeon pea starch was characterized. The yield of pigeon pea starches ranged from 29.83-31.68%. Pigeon pea starches showed a significant difference (P<0.05) in amylose content (54.74-58.51%), relative crystallinity (24.20-28.97%), water-binding capacity (0.70-0.76 g/g), oil binding capacity (0.55-0.58 g/g), swelling power (13.19-14.52 g/g), and solubility (9.48-11.15%). The pasting properties (except for final viscosity) and thermal properties (except for onset temperature and gelatinization enthalpy) differed significantly. Granules of pigeon pea starch were oval to elliptical, with a mean granule diameter of 18.41-19.98 µm. According to X-ray diffraction patterns, pigeon pea starches showed CA type, contained orthorhombic and hexagonal crystals. Pigeon pea starches also showed the same FTIR spectra. The results revealed that the differences in pigeon pea growing locations affect pigeon pea starch's composition and physicochemical properties. The highest amylose content and lowest relative crystallinity were found in Yogyakarta pigeon pea starch. In the future, our findings could be used to develop pigeon pea starch for various food applications.
Short Communication: Examining taxa representation in Asian zoos and aquaria using historic records James Brereton; Shelby Renee Brereton
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 5 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220551

Abstract

Abstract. Brereton JE, Brereton SR. 2021. Short Communication: Examining taxa representation in Asian zoos and aquaria using historic records. Biodiversitas 22: 2870-2875. According to the World Association of Zoos and Aquariums (WAZA), modern zoological collections should engage in conservation and education-based activities: to do this, the collections must house animals that are interesting to their visitors. There is a plethora of evidence to suggest that zoo visitors and the wider public are more interested in mammals than any other taxa. This ‘mammal bias’ is known to extend into facets of science, such as in reintroduction and zoo research literature. Previous studies on zoo collection planning, however, have identified that globally, zoological collections actually contain more species of bird and fish on average than mammals. At current, there is limited information on the composition of Asian zoological collections. Data on the number of species per taxa (amphibians, birds, fish, invertebrates, mammals, and reptiles) housed at each zoo globally was collected from the International Zoo Yearbook’s ‘Zoos and Aquariums of the World’ from 1960 until 2018. Additional data including the visitor attendance age and size of the collection was recorded. The composition of Asian zoo collection plans was compared against zoos globally, and a longitudinal investigation of Asian Zoo composition was also conducted. Additionally, Poisson regressions were run to determine whether the proportional representation of taxa, year, or visitor attendance were predictors of the numbers of animal species at the collection. Overall, the number of species per taxa significantly differed between Asian collections and the global averages, with Asian collections generally containing greater numbers of invertebrates and fish, and comparatively fewer reptiles. There were similarities in the number of species per taxa over time between Asian collections and zoological collections globally. This study suggests that the influences that affect the species housed in zoos and aquariums more globally are also influencing those in Asian countries.
Plant resource uses and losses in a small maroon community in a Colombian Pacific hot spot Danielly Vasconcelos Travassos de Lima; Laura Lozada Ordóñez; Denise Dias da Cruz
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 6 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220604

Abstract

Abstract. de Lima DVT, Ordóñez LL, da Cruz DD. 2021. Plant resource uses and losses in a small maroon community in a Colombian Pacific hot spot. Biodiversitas 22: 3031-3041. The Colombian Pacific is a world biodiversity hotspot, and traditional communities of the region have high cultural diversity, such as the Jovi maroon community, which shows economic and cultural practices rely on regional ecosystem services. This study aimed to conduct an ethnobotanical survey in the Jovi community, specifically focused on the identification of the plants used, the purpose of use, losses in the use of species, the conservation status of the species, and if there are differences regarding plant use knowledge between genres. Participant observation was conducted associated with interviews for data collection with 26 local experts. The Jovi community uses a wide variety of plants (135 species belonging to 57 families). Cultivated species showed the highest use values in the community. The most important uses were medicinal, food, and technological, respectively. Use losses were verified, mainly, for the species used as food. Two species deserve attention, i.e. Minquartia guianensis (Near Threatened - IUCN), and Pelliciera rhizophorae (Vulnerable - IUCN), both obtained by extractivism and have timber use. There was no difference in knowledge between men and women. Cultural changes may be delimiting changes in the use of plant species in the community.

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