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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Short Communication: Bird correlations with waste in Muara Gembong, West Java, Indonesia Selsa Artika Ayujawi; Nurul Laksmi Winarni; Dimas Haryo Pradana
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 9 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220933

Abstract

Abstract. Ayujawi SA, Winarni NL, Pradana DH. 2021. Short Communication: Bird correlations with waste in Muara Gembong, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3872-3879. The existence of waste in Muara Gembong can potentially affect bird abundance because organic waste can be a source of bird food, while inorganic waste can cause changes in habitat structure. This study aimed to (i) determine bird species that have a high abundance near the trash, and (ii) determine the correlation between waste concentration and the relative abundance of birds. The study was conducted in June 2020 in Pantai Mekar and Muara Blacan areas, Muara Gembong, West Java. Bird observation was carried out using exploration method and the relative abundance of the bird was determined based on encounter rates. The data collection and calculation of waste concentration were carried out following the NOAA protocol. The Spearman correlation test was carried out between the abundance of each bird species and the concentration of waste. Our results suggested that 26 species of birds in Muara Gembong were found near trash and 24 species have negative correlations to inorganic waste. The Javan munia (Lonchura leucogastroides) and Great egret (Egretta alba) were the most abundant species living near the trash with encounter rates of 39.13 and 38.89, respectively. Moreover, the concentration of inorganic waste has a significant negative correlation to the relative abundance of Cerulean kingfisher (Alcedo coerulescens), Spotted dove (Streptopelia chinensis), and Sunda collared dove (Streptopelia bitorquata). Based on these findings, inorganic waste in Muara Gembong can significantly reduce the abundance of birds in the long term because the pile of inorganic waste may cause damage to the mangrove forest, which is a bird habitat.
Biological and environmental profiling of three Philippine Tetrastigma species (Vitaceae) in northeastern Cagayan, Luzon, Philippines JEFF M. OPEÑA; CHARLOT L. MARAMAG; CALIXTO B. ALICAY; MARVIN V. BALOLOY; CLARIBEL A. GASPAR; FROILAN A. PACRIS JR.; JEAN S. TORRES; LYLE B. SUMER; GERLIE U. BAYANI; RACHEL C. SOTTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 5 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220561

Abstract

Abstract. Opeña JM, Maramag CL, Alicay CB, Baloloy MV, Gaspar CA, Jr Pacris FA, Torres JS, Sumer LB, Bayani GU, Sotto RC. 2021. Biological and environmental profiling of three Philippine Tetrastigma species (Vitaceae) in northeastern Cagayan, Luzon, Philippines. Biodiversitas 22: 2956-2970. Tetrastigma species have considerable attention because of their medicinal importance, but little is known about these Philippine species. This study provides information on the biological (morphological, phytochemicals, nutritional, antimicrobial characterization) and environmental (diversity, distribution, growing environment, soil characteristics) profiles of the three Philippine Tetrastigma species namely, Tetrastigma ellipticum Merr., Tetrastigma harmandii Planch., and Tetrastigma loheri Gagnep. Tetrastigma harmandii growing in various habitats were widely distributed throughout northeastern Cagayan, while T. ellipticum and T. loheri were found only in the mountain forests of the northernmost part of northeastern Cagayan. Tetrastigma ellipticum was found only in Mt. Cagua forests and volcano, while T. loheri was found growing in the forests of Palaui Island, Buwacag mountain, and Mt. Cagua. Most of the plant species growing within the Tetrastigma environments were native and endemic trees. Mountain species of Tetrastigma (T. ellipticum and T. loheri) grew in extremely acidic soils with high organic matter content. More secondary metabolites were detected in T. ellipticum, which was the only species among the three Tetrastigma species to contain alkaloids, flavonoids, and anthocyanin. Saponins were detected only in T. harmandii. Steroids were not detected in the three species. Moreover, T. harmandii was the only species to have an antibacterial property against Staphylococcus aureus and a slight inhibiting activity against Klebsiella aerogenes. Between the two edible Tetrastigma species, T. harmandii contains more macronutrients and micronutrients, while T. loheri contains higher crude protein, crude fat, and crude fiber.
Indigenous multiresistant bacteria of Cupriavidus pauculus IrC4 isolated from Indonesia as a heavy metal bioremediation agent Irawati Wahyu; STEVANUS ERICK WINOTO; LUCIA KUSUMAWATI; REINHARD PINONTOAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 6 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220641

Abstract

Abstract. Irawati W, Winoto SE, Kusumawati L, Pinontoan R. 2021. Indigenous multiresistant bacteria of Cupriavidus pauculus IrC4 isolated from Indonesia as a heavy metal bioremediation agent. Biodiversitas 22: 3349-3355. Heavy metal pollution is a serious environmental problem because it endangers humans, animals, and plants. Bioremediation of heavy metals using bacteria is an effective method to remove heavy metals. Cupriavidus pauculus IrC4 is an indigenous multi-resistant bacteria isolated from Indonesia. This study aims to determine the growth of this strain in a medium containing cadmium, mercury, lead, copper, and its ability to accumulate heavy metal. Bacterial resistance was observed by cultivating bacteria on a Luria Bertani medium containing various concentrations of heavy metals. Heavy metal accumulation was measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The study showed that this strain could grow in a solid medium containing 5 mM cadmium, 13 mM lead, and 4 mM mercury, also in 0.5 mM of the heavy metal mixture. A high concentration of heavy metals resulted in lag phase elongation and logarithmic growth phase inhibition. C. pauculus IrC4 could accumulate copper, lead, and cadmium and lead up to 371.42 mg, 254.4 mg, 5.8 mg heavy metals per gram of dry weight of cells, respectively. In conclusion, this strain is a promising bacterium for use as a heavy metal bioremediation agent.
Isolation and characterization of mercury-resistant microbes from gold mine area in Mount Pongkor, Bogor District, Indonesia Wilhelmus Terang Arga Sanjaya; Nur Syafira Khoirunhisa; Sri Ismiani; Fahrizal Hazra; Dwi Andreas Santosa
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 7 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220714

Abstract

Abstract. Sanjaya WTA, Khoirunnisa NS, Ismiani A, Hazra F, Santosa DA. 2021. Isolation and characterization of mercury-resistant microbes from gold mine area in Mount Pongkor, Bogor District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 2656-2666. Exploring novel wild-type microbes is very important to give more flexibility for bioremediation implementation. It is related to discovering strain with higher detoxification ability and more reliable degradation mechanisms. Moreover, novel strain can be used as genetic material for strain development by molecular genetic engineering and production design formulation. The aims of this experiment were to characterize and identify new mercury-resistant microbes, investigate their capacity to accumulate mercury, and analyze the reducing mercury toxicity in bioassay. Four strains of bacteria selected through the screening stage were characterized for their morphological, biochemical, physiological, and molecular genetic characteristics. Considering their characteristics and mercury resistance levels, there are two selected microbial strains: fungus strain Cladosporium halotolerans Hg32 and the bacterial strain Mycolicibacterium peregrinum Hg37 with a mercury resistance level up to 3000 mg L-1. The C. halotolerans Hg32 could remove mercury with the highest potency up to 90.72% at a mercury concentration of 100 mg L-1, while  M. peregrinum Hg37 removes up to 77.10% at mercury concentrations of 10 mg L-1. Toxicity bioassay tests using fish confirmed that C. halotolerans Hg32 and M. peregrinum Hg37 had the ability to detoxify mercury in contaminated water. Both have successfully proven to reduce the mortality rate to below 5%.
The growth and yield responses of two bean cultivars to organic and inorganic nitrogen sources DARWIN H. PANGARIBUAN; ERMAWATI ERMAWATI; NI MADE WIDI SURYANI; WAHYU SARA MARIA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230359

Abstract

Abstract. Pangaribuan DH, Ermawati, Suryani NMW, Maria WS. 2022. The growth and yield responses of two bean cultivars to organic and inorganic nitrogen sources. Biodiversitas 23: 1677-1682.The productivity of beans is increased by selecting the best cultivar and applying fertilizers according to the needs of the plant. In addition,the application of high-yielding cultivar and N fertilizers with the right dosage could be used to increase the yield. Therefore, the objective of thisstudy is to determine the effect of nitrogensources on the growth and yieldof two bean cultivars. A5×2 factorial treatment was usedin a randomized block design with three replications. The first factor is the Perkasa and Lebat-3 cultivar, the second is organic and inorganic nitrogen fertilizer, namely control, urea 100kgha-1, as well as 10, 20, and 30% concentrationsof liquid organic fertilizer from leucaena leaves. The results showed that the use of liquid organic fertilizers derived from leucaena could be used as an alternative to nitrogenfertilization. Furthermore,the 20% concentrationtreatment producedthe highest number of trifoliate leaves (8.81 leaves) and dry weight (4.52 g). Based on the results,the use of 20% liquid organic fertilizer withPerkasa cultivar showed the best effect on the number of pods per plant (13.38),and yield(846.67 kg ha-1). The technology of liquid organic fertilizers from leucaena leaves could be recommended for bean organic production.
Profile of geographical variation in marginal land and its relationship with the fruit tree species richness in Jombang District, Indonesia: - Zulfikar ZULFIKAR; ENDANG ARISOESILANINGSIH; SERAFINAH INDRIYANI; ADJI ACHMAD RINALDO FERNANDES4
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 6 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220637

Abstract

Abstract. Zulfikar, Arisoesilaningsih E, Indriyani S, Fernandes AAR. 2021. Profile of geographical variation in marginal land and its relationship with the fruit tree species richness in Jombang District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3315-3325. The purpose of this study was to determine the sites of fruit tree species richness, in order to analyze the relationship between the locations with fruit tree diversity, and geographical variations, towards the success of marginal land conservation in Jombang Regency. The study area covered four districts, and was divided into 11 sites with different slopes and altitudes. Multivariate analysis was carried out using the R program. The results showed that the structure and composition of fruit trees were discovered to be 21 species from 14 families. The uniqueness of the fruit trees was shown in Tamarindus indica and Cocos nucifera, which were observed as rare plants on slopes with high and low altitudes, respectively. The results of the geographical variation analysis also showed that the slope and elevation with values of 0.5889 and 0.5077, respectively, were significantly correlated with the site of fruit plant species richness at the (?) 0.05 level, as the response formed was not linear for the three geographical diversities studied. Also, the model built between site, slope, and elevation towards the fruit tree species richness was acceptable, due to the fact that the value (Pr> F) = 0.004 was very significant at the (?) 0.001 level.
The potential of endophytic bacteria isolated from Tagetes sp. to control Meloidogyne spp. infection on tomato plants Abdul Munif; Muhammad Nursalim; Ankardiansyah Pandu Pradana
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 6 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220626

Abstract

Abstract. Munif A, Nursalim M, Pradana AP. 2021. The potential of endophytic bacteria isolated from Tagetes sp. to control Meloidogyne spp. infection on tomato plants. Biodiversitas 22: 3229-3236. The root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) is one of the plant-parasitic nematodes that cause economical loss in the vegetable plantations in the world. The endophytic bacteria may act as a potential biological agent to control the plant-parasitic nematodes. The aim of this study was to explore the endophytic bacteria from Tagetes sp., which had a potential to control Meloidogyne spp. and act as growth promoter for tomato plants. The endophytic bacteria were isolated from the roots and stems of Tagetes sp. and tissues were cultured on the tryptic soy agar (TSA) media. The endophytic bacterial isolates were selected using hypersensitive and blood agar tests to identify their biological safety. The selected endophytic bacteria were also assessed for growth promoter test in the tomato plants. The selected endophytic bacteria were assessed in vitro against the Meloidogyne spp. juvenile 2 and their effectiveness in suppressing the root-knot nematodes on tomato plants in greenhouse. The results showed that total of 184 endophytic bacterial isolates were successfully isolated from the roots and stem of Tagetes sp. In hypersensitive and hemolytic tests, 78 and 36 isolates showed negative responses, respectively. Of the 36 isolates tested, it was found that 14 of them were able to promote the growth of tomato seedlings. In in vitro test, 14 endophytic bacteria showed 73-93% mortality rate of Meloidogyne spp J2. The results at greenhouse showed that 3 bacterial isolates, namely, AL21, AL44, and AL53 suppress the number of root-knot nematodes up to 50-74% and improve tomato plant growth by 32%. These results indicate that endophytic bacteria isolated from Tagetes sp. have the potential to act as biocontrol agents of parasitic nematodes and a plant growth promoter.
Diversity and traditional knowledge of medicinal plants in home gardens of Kampung Masjid Ijok, Perak, Malaysia Mohd Raznan Ramli; POZI MILOW; SORAYYA MALEK
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 5 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220502

Abstract

Abstract. Ramli MR, Milow P, Malek S. 2021. Diversity and traditional knowledge of medicinal plants in home gardens of Kampung Masjid Ijok, Perak, Malaysia. Biodiversitas 22: 2458-2465. Medicinal plants and associated traditional knowledge are at risk of habitat modification, globalization, urbanization, and modernization. Though home gardens are recognized as a potential strategy for medicinal plant conservation, at the same time very limited efforts have been made for the documentation of ethnomedicinal plants. We explored and documented the diversity and population status of ethnomedicinal plants in the home gardens of Kampung Masjid Ijok along with its associated traditional knowledge. Field observation and semi-structured interviews were conducted to record for the medicinal uses of the medicinal plants in the home gardens. The information, i.e. local name, parts used, methods of preparation, and type of ailments, were also collected. The total numbers of medicinal plants recorded in the study area were 68 species belonging to 40 families. The families of Zingiberaceae, Asteraceae, Acanthaceae, and Fabaceae were recorded as having the highest number of medicinal plants. Herbs were the main source of medicinal plants in terms of species number followed by shrubs, trees, and climbers. Cocos nucifera L, Carica papaya L, Areca catechu L, and Citrus aurantiifolia (Chris. & Panz.) Swin were the most frequent species of medicinal plants. Shannon diversity index of medicinal plant species was 3.7. The most frequently utilized plant parts were the leaves followed by roots, fruits, rhizomes, whole plants, flowers, seeds, and barks. Gastrointestinal disorders including stomach ache, diarrhea, dysentery, indigestion, flatulence, worm infestation in children, and constipation were among the most frequent ailments treated with the medicinal plants. This study revealed that many medicinal plants are still broadly found in home gardens and used for treating various ailments. The information recorded in this study may form the basis for the conservation and sustainable use of ethnomedicinal plants and may also contribute to the preservation of cultural and genetic diversity.
Freshwater vertebrates monitoring in Maninjau Lake, West Sumatra, Indonesia using environmental DNA: - DEWI IMELDA ROESMA; HON TJONG DJONG; MUHAMMAD NAZRI JANRA; DYTA RABBANI AIDIL
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 5 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220543

Abstract

Abstract. Roesma DI, Tjong DH, Janra MN, Aidil DR. 2021. Freshwater vertebrates monitoring in Maninjau Lake, West Sumatra, Indonesia using environmental DNA. Biodiversitas 22: 2794-2802. Environmental DNA (eDNA) is one of the DNA sources without directly disturbing the organisms. The eDNA potentially an effective method with next-generation sequencing (NGS) that can read all DNA in parallel at one sequential run. Maninjau Lake in West Sumatra has experienced a decline the species richness, thus monitor biodiversity with the non-invasive method is needed. This study aimed to apply eDNA for monitoring freshwater vertebrates in Maninjau Lake. The eDNA was collected from water samples using the filter membrane to DNA isolation and sequencing with the NGS technique from Illumina. The eDNA method detected 150 vertebrate individuals and consists of 92 Actinopterygii fishes, three chondrichthyes fishes, 11 amphibians, seven reptiles, ten aves, and 27 mammals. Among all individuals were detected, only 11% known present in Maninjau Lake, while the others (89%) are native species to other countries. The fishes were detected living in Maninjau Lake by the eDNA method, i.e., Cyprinidae (Carassius auratus and Cyprinus carpio), Cichlidae (Oreochromis niloticus), and Poeciliidae (Gambusia affinis and Xiphophorus maculatus). Bias results in this study to be influenced by various factors i.e., possibility of contamination, poor DNA quality, the bias results during molecular processes, and not available the complete sequences databases to assigned into the correct taxa, especially fish species in Maninjau Lake. The eDNA method for monitoring biodiversity should consider the increase of sampling sites, replication samples, and the availability of sequences database in Genbank, NCBI
Ecotourism development through biodiversity potential identification and community perception in the protected forest on Buano Island, Western Seram, Maluku, Indonesia Martha Ekawati Siahaya; Paulus Matius; Marlon I Aipassa; Yaya Rayadin; YOSEP RUSLIM; Hendrik S.E.S Aponno
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 6 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220621

Abstract

Abstract. Siahaya ME, Matius P, Aipassa MI, Rayadin Y, Ruslim Y, Aponno HSES. 2021. Ecotourism development through biodiversity potential identification and community perception in the protected forest on Buano Island, Western Seram, Maluku, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3179-3191. Forest as part of a large ecosystem has an important meaning and role in supporting living systems. Various great benefits can be obtained from the forests through its functions as a provider of water resources for humans and the environment, the ability of carbon sequestration, oxygen suppliers in the air, global climate regulators, and tourism service providers. The community has important role and participation in ecotourism that are different from other forms of tourism. Perception is a fundamental element that needs to be known before planning several activities that will involve the local community. This study aims to identify the potential of flora and fauna in the protected forest area for tourist attraction and analyze the Buano island community’s (Western Seram District, Maluku Province, Indonesia) perception of ecotourism development activities. The vegetation data were collected using the combination of the path method and the compartmentalized line method. The method used for collecting wildlife data in the field is the line transect method as well as direct and indirect observations. Meanwhile, data related to community perceptions were collected through questionnaires and interviews. The results show that the villages on Buano island have biodiversity and cultural potential that could be developed as ecotourism attractions. In addition, the community’s perception supported that they strongly agree on the development of ecotourism in the villages of Buano island.

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