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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,315 Documents
 288   289   290   291   292 
Tree dimension and environmental correlates of heartwood content in Siamese rosewood (Dalbergia cochinchinensis) Ponthep Meunpong; Chatcharin Penboon; Nawaphong Kuasakun; Chongrak Wachrinrat
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 6 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220635

Abstract

Abstract. Meunpong P, Penboon C, Kuasakun N, Wachrinrat C. 2021. Tree dimension and environmental correlates of heartwood content in Siamese rosewood (Dalbergia cochinchinensis). Biodiversitas 22: 3297-3303. Siamese rosewood (Dalbergia cochinchinensis) is considered amongst the prime timber varieties in high demand with the wood fetching high prices in the international timber market. Therefore, illegal logging and smuggling of Siamese rosewood from natural forests poses a severe problem in Thailand. Heartwood and its content is the most valuable part of Siamese rosewood, which in practice, cannot be measured directly in living trees. Hence, we investigated the relationship between the heartwood content of Siamese rosewood, and tree dimension and environmental characteristics across eleven plantations throughout Thailand construct a model for predicting the heartwood content using specific environmental variables. The results indicate that there were differences in the mean annual increment of all measurement parameters (d0, d30, dbh, and total height of a tree) across eleven plantations studied. However, we did not find any statistically significant differences between the increments in heartwood diameter. Furthermore, we found that suitable location for Siamese rosewood plantation could result in doubling of growth rate. We report that dbh was the most relevant variable and could be used as a predictor for heartwood content. In terms of environmental variables, soil properties at top layer that affect the heartwood content were particle density, organic matter, and silt particles. Using the resulted equation formulated in this study may be useful when planning areas for suitable plantations of Siamese rosewood in Thailand.
Diversity and cytological studies of the Genus Amomum Roxb. former Elettariopsis Baker (Zingiberaceae) in Thailand Surapon Saensouk; Piyaporn Saensouik
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 6 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220624

Abstract

Abstract. Saensouk P, Saensouk S. 2021. Diversity and cytological studies on the genus Amomum Roxb. former Elettariopsis Baker (Zingiberaceae) in Thailand. Biodiversitas 22: 3209-3218. A comprehensive diversity and cytological studies of the genus Amomum Roxb. in Thailand have not been reported. This work aims to study the diversity and cytological including chromosome numbers and karyotypes of the genus Amomum Roxb. former Elettariopsis Bakerin Thailand. Ten species of Amomum were recognized from Thailand. Nomenclatures, vernacular names, distribution, ecology, and traditional utilization are provided. Only Amomum wandokthong is widely cultivated in all parts in Thailand. Four living species, i.e. Amomum curtisii, A. monophyllum, A. trilobum, and A. wandokthong have been collected from field trips. Therefore, the somatic chromosome numbers from four species of this genus were studied from root tips. The somatic chromosome numbers of each species in this study were counted from 20 cells. The karyotype formulas were derived from measurements of the metaphase chromosomes in photomicrographs. The chromosome numbers of four species were found to be 2n = 48. Karyotypes of four species were reported to be Amomum curtisii (32m + 8sm + 8st), A. monophyllum (26m + 12sm + 10st), A. trilobum (18m + 24sm + 6st), and A. wandokthong (28m + 16sm + 4st with five visible satellites chromosomes). The chromosome numbers of A. monophyllum and A. wandokthong were reported for the first time. The karyotypes of four species were studied for the first time.
Rhizosphere Streptomyces formulas as the biological control agent of phytopathogenic fungi Fusarium oxysporum and plant growth promoter of soybean MAYA SARI; ABDJAD ASIH NAWANGSIH; Aris Tri Wahyudi
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 6 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220602

Abstract

Abstract. Sari M, Nawangsih AA, Wahyudi AT. 2021. Rhizosphere Streptomyces formulas as the biological control agent of phytopathogenic fungi Fusarium oxysporum and plant growth promoter of soybean. Biodiversitas 22: 3015-3023. Rhizosphere Streptomyces are considered as promising sources of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and biocontrol agents against pathogenic fungi, particularly Fusarium oxysporum causing root rot, cotyledon rot, hypocotyl rot, and stunted growth in soybean. Formulation of rhizosphere Streptomyces with appropriate carrier materials is necessary to facilitate storage and application in plants. This study aimed to develop a formulation of rhizosphere Streptomyces, apply the formula to control F. oxysporum, and promote soybean plant growth. Five Streptomyces isolates, i.e., Streptomyces panaciradicis ARK 13, Streptomyces tritolerans ARK 17, Streptomyces recifensis ARK 63, Streptomyces tendae ARK 91, and Streptomyces manipurensis ARK 94 were used in this study. All of the isolates could grow in potato broth, rice bran extract, and molasses as alternative media. The highest biomass produced from the molasses growth medium. All five isolates had antifungal activity against F. oxysporum with the inhibition percentage ranging from 41% to 76%, and all of them were detected to have the iaaM gene. Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) hormone produced by these isolates were ranging from 8.99-15.14 mg L-1, with the phosphate solubilization index of 2.13-2.47. Five rhizosphere Streptomyces formulas with the main carrier of peat could maintain the viability with the population density of 108 CFU g-1 for 8 weeks of storage at room temperature. Two formulas, F17 and F94, were the best formulas to control disease caused by F. oxysporum with disease suppression of 74% in sterile soil and 80-85% in non-sterile soil. Formula F17 and F94 significantly increased soybean growth in sterile and non-sterile soils. Therefore, these formulas could be recommended as biocontrol and plant growth promoters of soybean.
Effect of light exposure on secondary metabolites production of an endophytic fungus Arthrinium rasikravindrae and its antioxidant and anticancer activities Andita Eltivitasari; Rahmawati Rahmawati; Baiq Maylinda Gemantari; Fitra Romadhonsyah; Arief Nurrochmad; Subagus Wahyuono; Puji Astuti
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 6 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220618

Abstract

Abstract. Eltivitasari A, Rahmawati, Gemantari BM, Romadhonsyah F, Nurrochmad A, Wahyuono S, Astuti P. 2021. Effect of light exposure on secondary metabolites production of an endophytic fungus Arthrinium rasikravindrae and its antioxidant and anticancer activities. Biodiversitas 22: 3156-3163. Endophytic microorganisms are one of the promising sources in producing bioactive compounds, to be developed for new drug candidates. They are found to have the ability to generate the same compounds as their host plant. Metabolite producing capacity of the endophytes is known to be affected by light exposure during fermentation process. This study focused on an endophytic fungus Arthrinium rasikravindrae isolated from Coleus amboinicus stem to reveal out its metabolite profiles due to light exposure as well as its bioactivity consequences. A. rasikravindrae was cultured on potato dextrose broth medium for 14 days and fermented in dark and exposed to natural light. Metabolite profiling was performed using TLC and GC-MS analysis. The activities were observed using DPPH assay for antioxidant and MTT assay for cytotoxicity potential. The results showed that A. rasikravindrae ethyl acetate extract produced during dark and exposed to light fermentation conditions contained different compounds but there was some which showed similarity with their host plant. Methyl octadec-9-enoate was found in all fermentation conditions as well as in C. amboinicus stem extract. Besides methyl octadec-9-enoate, methyl palmitate was also found present in both A. rasikravindrae extract fermented exposed to light and its host plant. The antioxidant activity of extract generated from dark fermentation condition was better as compared to that exposed to light with IC50 value of 66.36±0.53 vs 556.92±34.37 µg/mL. However, cytotoxic activity screening against several cancer cell lines exhibited opposing results in which extract from light-exposed fermentation resulted in better cytotoxic activity (IC50 value of 291.40 ± 2.34 µg/mL on WiDr, 336.80 ± 5.05 µg/mL on T47D, and 404.73 ± 3.46 µg/mL on Hela cell lines). Extract obtained from dark fermentation condition showed IC50 value of more than 500 µg/mL in all tested cancer cell lines. Preliminary examination on cytotoxic activity against WiDR cells suggested that the extract from light-exposed fermentation might induce cell death through mechanisms involving cell cycle arrest.
Short Communication: In vitro antimicrobial and antimalarial screening of a crude extract of Streptomyces sp. AB8 isolated from Lapindo Mud Volcano Area, Sidoarjo, Indonesia Achmad Arifiyanto; Endah Setyaningrum; Nismah Nukmal; Titik Nur Aeny
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 7 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220731

Abstract

Abstract. Arifiyanto A, Setyaningrum E, Nukmal N, Aeny TN. 2021. Short Communication: In vitro antimicrobial and antimalarial screening of a crude extract of Streptomyces sp. AB8 isolated from Lapindo Mud Volcano Area, Sidoarjo, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 2817-2823. Streptomyces is a potential bacterial genus that has been investigated extensively as a source of natural microbial compounds. Its potential metabolites have been widely developed for pharmaceutical, pathogen control, and other applications in agriculture. This study aimed to determine the ability of the Streptomyces sp AB8 crude extract in inhibiting Plasmodium and pathogenic microbes.  Streptomyces was cultured on Gause synthetic media for 10 days. The fermented broth culture media has dissolved in a 1:1 mixture of ethyl acetate and methanol. Biochemical characterization of this isolate has carried out using the standard methods. In-vitro antimalarial activity assay was performed using a chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium falciparum strain 3D7. Fresh type O-positive human erythrocytes were suspended at 4 percent hematocrit in a complete medium to maintain culture. The inhibitory concentration (IC50) was determined using probit analysis. The results showed the extract of Streptomyces sp. AB8 contains phenolic and alkaloids. Streptomyces sp. AB8 extract can inhibit Dickeya zeae N-Unila 5, Dickeya zeae N-Unila 10, Aspergillus sp IK3, and Escherichia coli growth. The results also showed that the ICs0 value of extract against P. falciparum 3D7 was 17.56 ug/mL. Further research was needed to determine the types of purified bioactive compounds and their bioactivity.
Analysis of morphological characteristics and phenetic relationship of ebony (Diospyros spp.) in Indonesia Ridesti Rindyastuti; Lia Hapsari; Anjar Tri Wibowo
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 7 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220723

Abstract

Abstract. Rindyaastuti R, Hapsati L, Wibowo AT. 2021. Analysis of morphological characteristics and phenetic relationship of ebony (Diospyros spp.) in Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 2738-2753. Diospyros L. (Ebenaceae) is an economically important genus that covers over 500 plant species. Members of this group are known to produce hard, dark, high-quality timbers known as ebony trees, while other members are known as persimmon trees. There is limited information on the morphological characters and phenetic relationship of this genus from Indonesian archipelago. In this work, we reported the phenetic clustering of 14 species of Indonesian Diospyros, based on plant habit, stem, leaves, and fruit characters, which was analysed using UPGMA and Jaccard similarity index. The phenetic dendrogram divided the 14 species of Diospyros into two main clusters which separating Subgen. Maba and Eudiospyros. Further, subgen. Maba was clustered into a single cluster while subgen. Eudiospyros was divided into 3 sub-clusters as sister groups. The clustering in Eudiospyros was supported by low SI and bootstrap value, demonstrating the high morphological variation of the subgenus. The sectional separation of Diospyros spp. was considered as paraphyletic. In general, our phenetic clustering exhibited suitability and relevancy with previous classification. Fruit size and trichomes are very important in this phenetic clustering, especially to form Eudiospyros subgenus. Fruit trichomes were also special characters related to biogeographical distribution following the Wallace line theory.
Environmental conditions to support blue carbon storage in mangrove forest: A case study in the mangrove forest, Nusa Lembongan, Bali, Indonesia Cindy Clara Pricillia; Herdis Herdiansyah; Mufti Petala Patria
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 6 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220636

Abstract

Abstract. Pricillia CC, Patria MP, Herdiansyah H. 2021. Environmental conditions to support blue carbon storage in mangrove forest: A case study in the mangrove forest, Nusa Lembongan, Bali, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3304-3314. Mangrove ecosystems can provide ecosystem services to mitigate climate change by absorbing and storing carbon in their systems. The question arises of how to manage a mangrove forest to store more carbon. The Nusa Lembongan mangrove forest was examined to assess the optimal environmental settings for blue carbon storage in the mangrove ecosystem. Five stations were selected purposively. The parameters observed in each station were aboveground living biomass, mangrove stand density, clay percentage in soil, bulk density, water content, soil organic carbon (%C), and soil organic nitrogen (%N). Based on this study, the total carbon stock in mangrove forest Nusa Lembongan was 68.10 ± 20.92 Mg C ha-1 and equals to 249.95 ± 76.77 MgCO2 ha-1 with a significant contribution of soil carbon stock. This study indicates that the essential parameters that can promote carbon sequestration in mangrove forest Nusa Lembongan were aboveground living biomass, soil organic carbon content and soil organic nitrogen content. In addition, as soil organic carbon content also negatively correlates with bulk density, it also can be considered. These findings can contribute to blue carbon planning and management to improve the effectiveness of the blue carbon project.
Tree species distribution in tropical peatland forest along peat depth gradients: Baseline notes for peatland restoration Dwi Astiani; HANNA ARTUTI EKAMAWANTI; WIWIK EKYASTUTI; TRI WIDIASTUTI; GUSTI EVA TAVITA; MURTI ANOM SUNTORO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 7 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220704

Abstract

Abstract. Astiani D, Ekamawanti HA, Ekyastuti W, Widiastuti T, Tavita GE, Suntoro MA. 2021. Tree species distribution in tropical peatland forest along peat depth gradients: Baseline notes for peatland restoration. Biodiversitas 22: 2571-2578. Tropical peatland forest is a unique and fragile ecosystem. It is composed of peat with a depth of 30 cm to 17 m, and plays an essential role in maintaining an appropriate environment balance both as a water reservoir, sink and carbon storage, climate change, and support system for regional biodiversity, which is currently increasingly threatened. A study has been completed to examine peatland forest tree diversity in the gradients of peat depth found on the peatland fringe toward the center of the peat dome and the other side of the peatland perimeter in Sungai Besar peatland forest group in Ketapang West Kalimantan. Twenty-six plots measuring 20 ×100 m were sampled to identify the tree species with a diameter above 5 cm along an 18 km transect length. The trees' assessment was accomplished using a systematic line plots method, where peat depth-plot repetitions were measured by producing 'fishbone' transects perpendicular to the main transect. Peat depths were assessed on plots measured. Results indicate that there were 79 tree species in overall peatland sites measured. It is found that peat depth has impacted tree species distribution on peatland. There was a shift of some tree species with peat depth changes. Along with peat depth range from 0.5 to 10 m, some species were found to be abundant on a more extensive range of peat depth, such as perepat (Combretocarpus rotundatus), mentibu (Dactylocladus stenotachys), and bintangur (Calophyllum rigidum), while other were not. Some species were only found in shallow peat, and some were solely available in the deeper ones. It was found that peat depth could determine tree species distribution in peatland forests.
Assessing the utilization of naturalized alien plant species by community to inform its management strategy: A case study in Cibodas Biosphere Reserve, West Java, Indonesia Aisyah Handayani; Ervizal A. M. Zuhud; Decky Indrawan Junaedi
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 7 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220705

Abstract

Abstract. Handayani A, Zuhud EAM, Junaedi DI. 2021. Assessing the utilization of naturalized alien plant species by community to inform its management strategy: A case study in Cibodas Biosphere Reserve, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 2579-2588. Alien plant species can have two side effects, either positively in terms of the utilization of these species to fulfill human needs, or negatively in terms of their invasion which might threaten biodiversity and reduce land productivity. Yet, it is not clear how an introduced plant species can be carefully managed and utilized (so-called Naturalized Alien Plant Species/NAPS) so that the NAPS does not become Invasive Alien Plant Species (IAPS). Using Cibodas Biosphere Reserves (CBR), West Java, Indonesia as a case study, this study aims to investigate the utilization of Naturalized Alien Plant Species (NAPS) by local communities in the buffer zone of CBR and quantify the utilization of NAPS based on cultural perspective using Index Cultural Significance (ICS) framework. Data were collected by distributing questionnaires and interviewing 90 respondents in three locations around CBR: Bodogol, Cibodas, and Gekbrong. The results showed that the community used 72 Naturalized Alien Plant Species, with 30% of the utilized plants were from Asteraceae family. Centella asiatica was the most widely used species, but the species with the highest Index Cultural Significance value was Artemisia vulgaris. Based on the ICS classification, there were ten species (13.89%) with high significance values, 17 species (23.61%) with moderate significance, 30 species (41.67%) with low significance, and 15 species (20.83%) with very low significance. Species with high significance values were Artemisia vulgaris, Chimonobambusa quadrangularis, Bidens pilosa, Mentha arvensis, Amaranthus spinosus, Centella asiatica, Cyphomandra betacea, Calliandra calothyrsus, Fragaria vesca, and Solanum torvum. Based on these results, the recommended strategy is to regularly harvest the Naturalized Alien Plant Species with high ICS value to control their population and fulfill community needs.
Short Communication: Assessing phytoplankton species structure in trophically different water bodies of South Ural, Russia Anastasiya M. Kostryukova; IRINA MASHKOVA; SERGEY BELOV; ELENA SHCHELKANOVA; VIKTOR TROFIMENKO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 8 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220853

Abstract

Abstract. Kostryukova A, Mashkova I, Belov S, Shchelkanova E, Trofimenko V. 2021. Short Communication: Assessing phytoplankton species structure in trophically different water bodies of South Ural, Russia. Biodiversitas 22: 3530-3538. The study aims to analyze the species structure of the phytoplankton communities of four water bodies in South Ural (Lakes-Turgoyak, Uvildy, Ilmenskoe and Shershnevskoe reservoir). These water bodies are characterized by different trophic states and levels of anthropogenic impact. Lake Turgoyak is oligotrophic; Lake Uvildy is oligomesotrophic. Both water bodies are protected areas and natural monuments. But tourism and recreation are not prohibited on their territories. The mesoeutrophic Lake Ilmenskoe is partially located within the Ilmen State Reserve, and it experiences less anthropogenic impact. The eutrophic Shershnevskoe reservoir is located within the boundaries of the city of Chelyabinsk. It is used as a source of drinking water. Cyanobacteria was the dominant division in the eutrophic Shershnevskoe reservoir. Bacillariophyta dominated in the plankton communities in oligotrophic Lake Turgoyak and oligomesotrophic Lake Uvildy. Green and blue-green algae biodiversity increased in the oligomesotrophic Lake Uvildy. For the mesoeutrophic Lake Ilmenskoe, diatom algae are dominant, but a higher proportion of Chlorophyta (especially Cyanobacteria) was revealed. Species similarity among phytoplankton communities in the given lakes was studied through cluster analysis based on the Sorensen-Czekanowski coefficient. The higher level of similarity between plankton species compositions could be explained by their locality rather than their trophic status.

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