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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,315 Documents
 319   320   321   322   323 
Morphological and anatomical study of four Pyrrosia (Polypodiaeae) species from Rumbai forest, Riau Province, Indonesia Nery Sofiyanti; Ayu Kumala Sari; Dyah Iriani; Rhozikhinul Mutrofin; Ikhwan Taufiq; Erwina Juliantari; Syafroni Pranata
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 11 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221124

Abstract

Abstract. Sofiyanti N, Sari AK, Iriani D, Mutrofin R, Taufiq I, Juliantari E, Pranata S. 2021. Morphological and anatomical study of four Pyrrosia (Polypodiaeae) species from Rumbai forest, Riau Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 4905-4914. Pyrrosia is one of genera in Polypodiaceae that is commonly distributed at Riau Forest, Indonesia. However, the detailed morphological characteristics and anatomical study of Pyrrosia in this region is scanty. This study was aimed to characterize the morphology and anatomy of four Pyrrosia species (P. angustata, P. lanceolata, P. nipoboloides and P. piloselloides) from Rumbai Forest, Riau Province. All of the specimens were collected in the field. Morphological characters were examined in detail. Anatomical preparation was conducted using the paraffin method. The specimens were then observed and photographed using a light microscope. Principal Component Analysis had been carried out using a total of 52 morphological and anatomical characters. The result showed the morphological variation among the species, especially on the shape of sterile lamina and sori characteristics. Anatomically, the examined species showed variations in outline shape in the transverse section of rhizomes and stipes, schelerenchymatous sheath and strand, as well as number of meristele. The PCA results showed that only three characters (shape of sterile laminae, base of sterile laminae, and upper surface color of sterile laminae) have eigenvalue over 1.00 and together these explain 100% of the total variability of the data. The anatomical data in this study is reported for the first time on Pyrrosia from Riau province.
Bioprospecting three newly isolated white-rot fungi from Berbak-Sembilang National Park, Indonesia for biodecolorization of anthraquinone and azo dyes OKTAN DWI NURHAYAT; DEDE HERI YULI YANTO; FENNY CLARA ARDIATI; KHARISMA PANJI RAMADHAN; SITA HERIS ANITA; HIROYUKI OKANO; TAKASHI WATANABE
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230201

Abstract

Abstract. Nurhayat OD, Ardiati FC, Ramadhan KP, Anita SH, Okano H, Watanabe T, Yanto DHY. 2021. Bioprospecting three newly isolated white-rot fungi from Berbak-Sembilang National Park, Indonesia for biodecolorization of anthraquinone and azo dyes. Biodiversitas 22: 613-623. Extensive use of textile dyes without proper wastewater treatment may jeopardize the water environment. In this study, bioprospecting newly isolated white-rot fungi from Berbak-Sembilang National Park for decolorizing four synthetic dyes was investigated. A total of 108 wood-decaying fungi were screened by using selective media, resulting in three isolates as the most promising fungal strains (BRB 11, BRB 73, BRB 81). BRB 81 had the best ability to decolorize 91.4% of AB129 and 77.8% of RB5 within 96 hours while the highest removal of RBBR and AO7 was performed by BRB11 around 60% and 37.6%, respectively. The enzymatic degradation was assumed to involve the decolorization process as laccase activities were observed with the highest around 116 UL-1. Based on molecular identification, these three fungal isolates were identified as Phellinus noxius BRB 11, Ceriporia lacerata BRB 81, and Leiotrametes menziesii BRB 73, respectively. In conclusion, P. noxius BRB 11, L. menziesii BRB 73, and C. lacerata BRB 81 could be used as biological agents in textile wastewater treatment and thus, it is important to conserve them as a part of the biodiversity within the local biosphere reserve.
Biochemical criteria for the development mechanisms of various reproduction disorders in dairy cows Inna Ventsova; VLADIMIR SAFONOV
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 11 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221135

Abstract

Abstract. Ventsova I, Safonov V. 2021. Biochemical criteria for the development mechanisms of various reproduction disorders in dairy cows. Biodiversitas 22: 4997-5002. The article presents the evaluation of peroxide, antioxidant, and hormonal conditions of high-producing red-and-white dairy cows in the physiological and pathological course of pregnancy and the postpartum period. The blood concentration of malonic dialdehyde, stable nitric oxide metabolites, S-nitrosothiols, vitamins E and C, carotin, gonadal, corticosteroid, and thyroid hormones, as well as activity of GPx, GR, SOD, catalase, and ceruloplasmin, were estimated to define major disorder-provoking factors. Analysis of the data shows that ketosis-gestosis syndrome during pregnancy, postpartum metritis, and gonadal dysfunction occur mainly because of oxidative stress in the context of unbalanced peroxide responses and antioxidant protection. Levels of malonic dialdehyde compared to healthy animals increased by 42.3%, 75%, 56.6%, respectively, as also enzyme activities of GR by 26%, 68.1%, 30.1% and catalase by 17.3%, 45.1%, and 23.9%, correspondingly. The endocrine status indicators in the animals with ketosis-gestosis syndrome changed as follows: progesterone levels were 29.5% lower in cows, 17?-estradiol and cortisol were 20.8% and 14.7% lower, respectively. In animals with inflammatory uterine diseases and depressing reproductive glands, progesterone level was 2 and 3 times lower than in healthy animals, the content of cortisol was 17.6% and 25.1% lower, and testosterone decreased by 21.4% and 75.1%, respectively.
Morphological response and genetic variability of four species of chili pepper (Capsicum spp.) under infection of pepper yellow leaf curl virus Tri Wahono Dyah Ayu Sayekti; MUHAMAD SYUKUR; SRI HENDRASTUTI HIDAYAT; AWANG MAHARIJAYA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 11 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221107

Abstract

Abstract. Sayekti TWDA, Syukur M, Hidayat SH, Maharijaya A. 2021. Morphological response and genetic variability of four species of chili pepper (Capsicum spp.) under infection of pepper yellow leaf curl virus. Biodiversitas 22: 4758-4765. Chili pepper has various types and species, but only five known species are commonly used and consumed. Most cultivated chili is susceptible to various plant diseases, one of which is Pepper yellow leaf curl disease (PYLCD) caused by Pepper yellow leaf curl virus (PYLCV) (Begomovirus, Geminiviridae). To control PYLCD, resistant variety assembly is required to prevent virus infection in cultivated plants. From this research, testing on four chili species is expected to provide information regarding the resistance and performance of chili peppers to conditions infected with PYLCV. This study was conducted at Dramaga Bogor, West Java, Indonesia in two experimental units: planting under virus-free conditions (as control) and virus-infected conditions. Each experimental unit was carried out using a single factor Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Twenty-nine genotypes of chili pepper were used consisted of four species, including C. annuum, C. frutescens, C. chinense, and C. baccatum. Of the 29 genotypes tested, thirteen genotypes in the resistant, nine genotypes in moderate resistant, two genotypes in moderate susceptible, three genotypes in the Susceptible, and two genotypes in the highly susceptible category. The heritability, genotypic coefficient of variance (GCOV) and phenotypic coefficient of variance (PCOV) value obtained from testing for all characters is high, ranging from 65.16-99.12%, 14.87-82.60%, and 15.77-84.45%, respectively. Most of the genotypes from C. chinense showed good resistance to PYLCV. In general, by considering the category of the resistance level and other characters such as productivity, ‘Jolokia’ (C. chinense), ‘Anies’ (C. annuum) and ‘Bonita’ (C. frutescens) can be ascertained as potential candidate sources of resistance to PYLCV.
Karyotype analysis from four species of edible plants in northeastern Thailand Surapon Saensouk; Piyaporn Saensouk; Natkamon Saen-in
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 12 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221212

Abstract

Karyotype analysis from four species of edible plants, namely one species from family Cannaceae (Canna indicaL.), one species including 2 variants from family Araceae (Colocasia esculenta(L.) Schott, green taro and black taro) and two species from family Apiaceae (Eryngium foetidum L. and Centella asiatica (L.) Urb.) in Maha Sarakham province, northeastern Thailand were determined from root tips. The results showed that the chromosome numbers and karyotype formulae were 2n= 28 = 14m + 10sm + 4st (2sat) with NF = 56 for green taro, 2n= 42 = 20m + 20sm + 2st (3sat) with NF = 84 for black taro, 2n = 18 = 18sm with NF = 36 for Centella asiatica (L.) Urb., 2n = 16 = 2m +14 sm with NF = 32 for Eryngium foetidum L., 2n= 27 = 2m + 25sm with NF = 54 for Canna indica L. Both taros had differences in the chromosome numbers and karyotype formulae. The chromosomes of both taros were the asymmetrical karyotype. While, the chromosome structure of both taros, including the number of metacentric, submetacentric and subtelocentric as well as the position of satellite-chromosomes, were found to be different, which indicated inter-and intra-specific variations in this species. Therefore, the chromosome number, karyotype formula, chromosome structure, position of satellite-chromosomes and idiogram can be used for classification of both taros in this study. Moreover, idiograms of both taros were reported for the first time. The karyotype, NF,  RL, CI and ideogram of Centella asiatica(L.) Urb., Eryngium foetidum L. and Canna indica L. were reported for the first time.
Phenotypic and genetic diversity of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) in East Java, Indonesia Achmad Amzeri; Kaswan Badami; Pawana Gita; Moh. Alfiyan Syah; Budi Setiadi Daryono
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 11 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221161

Abstract

Abstract. Amzeri A, Badami K, Pawana G, Alfiyan Syah M, Daryono BS. 2021. Phenotypic and genetic diversity of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) in East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 5223-5230. The assembly of hybrid watermelon (Citrullus lanatus Thumb.) varieties with superior characters is an effort to meet the needs of watermelon seeds in Indonesia and reduce dependence on imports of watermelon seeds.  The morphological characterization of exploratory watermelon plants is needed to support the assembly of superior varieties because morphological characterization will reveal the characteristics of each watermelon tested.  In addition, the genetic and phenotypic diversity coefficients, heritability, and correlation between characters are needed to support the assembling of the desired variety.  This research aimed to determine morphological diversity, genetic and phenotypic diversity coefficients, heritability, and correlation among characters of watermelon from East Java, Indonesia.  The research used a randomized complete block design with ten genotypes as treatment and three replications,. The observed morphological characters were quantitative and qualitative characters.  The number of characters was 60 characters.  Eight quantitative characters, i.e., flowering date, harvesting date, fruit length, fruit diameter, skin thickness, fruit total soluble solids, number of seeds, and fruit weight were used to calculate the genetic and phenotypic diversity coefficient, heritability, and correlation between characters.  Quantitative character data were subjected to analysis of variance, followed with a Duncan Multiple Range Test (p<0.05).  The results showed that (i) Grouping based on morphological characters produces dendrograms with similarity coefficients ranging from 0.58 to 0.86 or there was a morphological diversity of 0.14 to 0.42, (ii) The phenotypic diversity coefficient (PDC) was greater than the genotypic diversity coefficient (PDC) in all observed quantitative characters, (iii) The broad sense Heritability values ?? of the tested watermelon genotypes ranged from 0.33 to 0.99, (iv) Fruit weight was significantly and positively correlated with fruit diameter, skin thickness, and number of seeds, (v) G1, G2, and G6 were the genotypes that can be used as parents to assemble superior watermelon varieties.
Ethnozoological study of the wild pig (Sus spp.) hunting among Sundanese in Upper Citarum Watershed area, West Java, Indonesia Dede Mulyanto; Oekan Soekotjo Abdoellah; Johan Iskandar; Budhi Gunawan
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 11 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221127

Abstract

Abstract. Mulyanto D, Abdoellah OS, Iskandar J, Gunawan B. 2021. Ethnozoological study of the wild pig (Sus spp.) hunting among Sundanese in Upper Citarum Watershed area, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 4930-4939. In the past, wild pigs had a high population in the rural ecosystem of West Java. However, the population of wild pigs, particularly Javan warty pig, decreases due to forest destructions and intensive hunting. This study aimed to elucidate the local knowledge on wild pigs, the mode of hunting, and diverse aspects of wild pig hunting. We conducted qualitative methods with ethnozoological approach, including participant observation and in-depth interview. The results showed that based on the local people the wild pig can be divided into four “races”, while based on zoology, two species of wild pig are documented in Java. During hunts all members get specific key roles. Thus, hunting success is increased by division of labor. Hunting wild pigs played an important role in socio-economic and cultural function for the village community. Due to intensive hunting of wild pigs, the population of these animals, particularly the Javan warty pig are decreased, and consequently the socio-economy of this animal in rural ecosystem may decrease ot even disappear.
Short communication: Variations in leaf morphological characters of Shorea leprosula in progeny trial stand of a logging concession in Kalimantan, Indonesia Alnus Meinata; MUHAMMAD NA’IEM; DWI TYANINGSIH ADRIYANTI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 11 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221148

Abstract

Indonesia has the highest distribution of Dipterocarpaceae members, and Shorea leprosula is one of the species that has a natural hybrid in its habitat. Furthermore, the members have intermediate morphological character with the neighboring species, Shorea curtisii. This study aimed to investigate the morphological variations of Shorea leprosula Miq. Progeny trial in PT Sari Bumi Kusuma. The morphological level of 72 Shorea leprosula in PT Sari Bumi Kusuma was identified through sampling. Furthermore, macroscopic and microscopic observations were conducted, and the measurement data were analyzed using cluster and principal component analyses to explain the morphological variable contribution. The results showed leaf architecture variations in laminar shape, apex shape, base shape, and midrib thickness category. The cluster analyses classified the samples into four cluster groups and they consist of a notophyll leaf size category with a rounded base. Meanwhile, the second group consists of an ellipse laminar shape with medium midrib thickness, and the third has an oblong laminar with an obtuse apex shape. The fourth group has a notophyll leaf size category with an obtuse base. The principal component analysis showed that the base shape has the highest contribution to diversity in the samples.
Enhances production of coffee (Coffea robusta): The role of pollinator, forages potency, and honey production from Tetragonula sp. (Meliponinae) in Central Lombok, Indonesia Bambang Supeno; Erwan Erwan; Agussalim Agussalim
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 10 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221062

Abstract

Abstract. Supeno B, Erwan, Agussalim. 2021. Enhances production of coffee (Coffea robusta): The role of pollinator, forages potency, and honey production from Tetragonula sp. (Meliponinae) in Central Lombok, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 4687-4693. The bees role as an agent of pollinators to improve the productivity of plants. This study was purposed to enhance coffee production (Coffea robusta) by roles of stingless bee Tetragonula sp. as pollinator agent, forages potency, and honey production. This study has been conducted in a coffee plantation in Lantan, Central Lombok, Indonesia. Several parameters were measured such as the number of bunches and flowers, production of nectar and pollen, sucrose nectar content, production of coffee, production of honey, honey stomach volume, and pollen weight. The results showed that the different observation time influenced the number of bunches, flowers, production of nectar and pollen, sucrose nectar content (P<0.01). The number of bunches ranged from 58.2 to 144.9 bunches/tree, the number of flowers 36.3 to 58.7 flowers/bunches, and 2,362.5 to 8.250.6 flowers/tree. Furthermore, the nectar production 9.16 to 33.85 g/tree, pollen production 1.72 to 5.95 g/tree, sucrose nectar content 20.6 to 35.0%. Estimation of coffee production before pollinated by Tetragonula sp. was 1,230.8 kg/ha, but after pollination by Tetragonula was increased it became 3,605.7 kg/ha (49.1%). Fruit production before pollinated by Tetragonula sp. was 2,127.2 fruit/tree, but after pollination by Tetragonula sp. increased to 8,309.2 fruit/tree (59.2%). Production of honey from Tetragonula sp. was 3.74 g/hive/5 months and in Apis cerana was 301.35 g/hive/5 months. It can be concluded that the Tetragonula sp. as an agent of pollinators can enhance the production of coffee and increase the biodiversity of coffee.
Host range studies of Fusarium oxysporum, causal agent of seedling wilt disease of Acacia mangium SOLEHA SOLEHA; AHMAD MUSLIM; SUWANDI SUWANDI; SABARUDDIN KADIR; RAHMAT PRATAMA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230104

Abstract

Abstract. Soleha S, Muslim A, Suwandi S, Kadir S, Pratama R. 2021. Host range studies of Fusarium oxysporum, causal agent of seedling wilt disease of Acacia mangium. Biodiversitas 23: 25-32. Fusarium oxysporum is a serious pathogen that causes severe wilt disease in commercial nurseries of Acacia mangium in South Sumatra, Indonesia. This study aimed to investigate the host range of F. oxysporum as a nursery wilt pathogen in A. mangium and several forest and industrial plants. Three isolates of F. oxysporum with different translation elongation factor (tef 1-a) sequences were tested for pathogenicity on different fabaceae family plants and the growth of population was also observed. The results showed that  all the three isolates were able to infect all the tested plants with different reactions of wilt disease. The Acacia crassicarpa and Falcataria moluccana were highly susceptible; Archidendron pauciflorum, Leucaena leucocephala, and Parkia speciosa were moderately vulnerable and Acacia auriculiformis was moderately resistant. The pathogen population in A. crassicarpa and F. moluccana grew rapidly along with the increase in disease scores, while  in L. leucocephala it was moderate, and slow in A. pauciflorum, P. speciosa and A. auriculiformis plants. In conclusion, F. oxysporum pathogen, which was isolated from A. mangium, has a wide range of hosts in the fabaceae family.

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