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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Articles 6,315 Documents
Evaluation of agronomic and fruit quality traits of miraculin transgenic tomato: Agronomic and fruit quality traits of miraculin transgenic tomato NONO CARSONO; NIA DESIANA; FERI M. NURRIZQI; IQBAL F. ELFAKHRIANO; ANAS ANAS; SANTIKA SARI; KUSUMIYATI KUSUMIYATI; RYO OHSAWA; AYAKO SHIMONO; HIROSHI EZURA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 4 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230435

Abstract

Abstract. Carsono N, Desiana N, Nurrizqi FM, Elfakhriano IF, Anas, Sari S, Kusumiyati, Ohsawa R, Shimono A, Ezura H. 2022. Evaluation of agronomic and fruit quality traits of miraculin transgenic tomato. Biodiversitas 23: 2004-2009. Tomato cv. Moneymaker has been inserted with miraculin gene which can modify sour taste becomes sweet in the human tongue and, thus, it has potential as a sweetener. Evaluation of agronomic and fruit quality traits for this special transgenic tomato is a major concern that should be performed as substantial equivalence. The study's objective was to compare agronomic and fruit quality traits of transgenic miraculin tomato with those of its wild-type. The experiment employed a randomized block design, one genotype factor with two levels (transgenic vs. non-transgenic tomato cv. Moneymaker), and each was four replicates. Data were subjected to the Student t-test. The study revealed no significant differences between the transgenic tomato plants cv. Moneymaker and the wild type for important agronomic traits such as plant height, stem diameter, leaf area index, fruit weight, fruit weight per cluster, fruit weight per plant, fruit diameter, number of fruits per cluster, number of fruits per plant, and harvest index of miraculin. Some fruit quality traits such as fruit shelf-life, fruit hardness, total soluble solids, and content of glucose, sucrose, and fructose were equivalent to those of its counterpart, suggesting that miraculin transgene did not affect the expression of the observed traits. The miraculin transgenic tomato traits were more likely identical to those of wild-type except for the existence of the miraculin transgene. This will open the possibility for this special transgenic tomato to undergo further environmental safety assessment in the field test facility as a part of the biosafety assessment of genetically modified organism (GMO).
A snapshot on composition and distribution of fish larvae across the North Atlantic Ocean Mohd Nasarudin Harith; Cieran O'Donnell; GRAHAM JOHNSTON; Anne Marie Power
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 10 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221043

Abstract

Abstract. Harith MN, O’ Donnell C, Johnston G, Power AM. 2021. A snapshot on composition and distribution of fish larvae across the North Atlantic Ocean. Biodiversitas 22: 4496-4504. This study aims to describe the composition and distribution patterns of fish larvae communities across the North Atlantic Ocean. Several cruises were involved in the effort to collect the fish larvae samples. The sampling took place on the east side of the North Atlantic Ocean, towards the mid-Atlantic Ocean, and on the west side of the North Atlantic Ocean, near the eddies approaching Flemish Cap. A total of 9522 fish larvae were collected and identified from these surveys. These larvae came from 79 taxa and 29 families. Referring to the total abundance, considering all the sampled stations, Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) was the most abundant species (38.82% of the total fish larvae abundance), followed by blue whiting (Micromesistius poutassou) (15.9%). Referring to the Multi-dimensional scaling (MDS) ordination plots, two major stations clusters separate the on-shelf and off-shelf stations supported by SIMPER analysis. This study provides a snapshot of larval fish concentrations and assembly structure, but current knowledge suggests that the distribution of larval fish assemblages will be highly spatially variable, more research into plume front dynamics and their effects on the region's biota is needed to predict and understand changes.
Feed intake of selected vegetables and fruits by coconut lorikeet (Trichoglossus haematodus) in a colony system Siti Nuramaliati Prijono; RINI RACHMATIKA; SINTA MAHARANI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 11 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221114

Abstract

Abstract. Prijono SN,Rachmatika R, Maharani S. 2021. Feed intake of selected vegetables and fruits by coconut lorikeet (Trichoglossus haematodus) in a colony system. Biodiversitas 22: 4818-4828. Coconut lorikeet (Trichoglossus haematodus (Linnaeus 1771)) is nectarivorous bird. An imbalanced diet is a common problem with lorikeet were kept in captivity. The research method was completely randomized design arranged in a factorial with two factors. The first factor consisted of five types of vegetables or five types of fruits while the second factor consisted of five height levels of feed cup placement (30 cm, 60 cm, 90 cm, 120 cm and, 150 cm from the roof). This  study aimed to get information on the feed intake of selected vegetables and fruits that have high attractiveness to meet nutrient requirements and balanced diet for coconut lorikeets kept in a colony aviary. The feed intake of vegetable soybean (26.68 g) was higher than yardlong bean (21.63 g), green cabbage (19.12 g), red cabbage (16.24 g), and broccoli (14.27 g), while the feed intake of plum (14.15 g) was higher than apple (12.31 g), pomegranate (10.88 g), papaya (10.55 g) and guava (9.82 g). Vegetable and fruit intake by six coconut lorikeets in a colony system were 20.80% of the daily diet, and the siwalan sugar solution was 79.20% of the daily diet. It was suggested that the coconut lorikeets should be fed more vegetables than fruits. A good quality, varied and balanced diet will make the coconut lorikeets healthy and it will support future conservation effort.
Diversity and abundance of arbuscular fungi mycorrhizal (AMF) in rhizosphere Zea mays in tidal swamp Marlin Sefrila; MUNIF GHULAMAHDI; PURWONO PURWONO; MAYA MELATI; IRDIKA MANSUR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 11 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221144

Abstract

Abstract. Sefrila M, Ghulamahdi M, Purwono Melati M, Mansur I. 2021. Diversity and abundance of arbuscular fungi mycorrhizal (AMF) in rhizosphere Zea mays in tidal swamp. Biodiversitas 22: 5071-5076. This study aims to find out the diversity and dominance of AMF spores and look at the morphology of fungi mycorrhizal arbuscular fungi that exist in the rooting area of corn (Zea mays L.) crops in the tidal swamp. The study was conducted in September 2020. Soil sampling at the tidal swamp village of Mulyasari Tanjung Lago District, Banyuasin, South Sumatra, Indonesia randomly sampling the corn root zone method. The research stages are soil sampling, soil chemistry analysis, AMF isolation and trapping, and morphological identification of AMF spores. The results showed the number of spores found in soil samples in the corn crop rhizosphere before trapping was less when compared to after trapping. The spores' shape is round, oblong, and oval, with colors ranging from clear, yellow, to brown. AMF spores found come from 2 genera namely (Acaulospora scrobiculata, A. bireticulata, A. mellea, A. laevis) and Glomus (Glomus monosporum, G. constrictum, G. manihotis).
The diversity of fungi consortium isolated from polluted soil for degrading petroleum hydrocarbon RIRYN NOVIANTY; SARYONO SARYONO; AMIR AWALUDDIN; NOVA WAHYU PRATIWI; ANNISA HIDAYAH; ERIWINA JULIANTARI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 11 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221145

Abstract

Abstract. Novianty R, Saryono, Awaluddin A, Pratiwi NW, Hidayah A, Juliantari E. 2021. The diversity of fungi consortium isolated from polluted soil for degrading petroleum hydrocarbon. Biodiversitas 22: 5077-5084. One of the major problems in the petroleum industry nowadays is crude oil spills. Riau Province, Sumatra is one of the largest oil producers in Indonesia. Accidental releases of petroleum products are of particular concern to the environment. The process of drilling and refining petroleum generates a large amount of oil sludge. One of the effective technologies used in the waste degradation process is bioremediation using certain microorganisms. The prime objective of the current research was to evaluate the efficiency of fungi consortiums in crude oil degradation in Bumi Siak Pusako-Pertamina Hulu, Indonesia. There are three potential fungi isolates as petroleum hydrocarbon degradation agents with four consortium variations. The parameter values of Optical Density (OD), pH, and diluted CO2 were measured on 0, 4, 8, and 16 days. To evaluate the fungal biodegradation activity using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The result showed that consortium II (KF II) has the highest potential to degrade petroleum hydrocarbon (50.61%). The visual GC-MS examination confirmed a decrease in the peak area for eight hydrocarbon compounds, indicating the efficiency of the fungi in the oil decomposition and dismantling of hydrocarbons. Our findings may provide new information on native fungal resources from chronically contaminated terrestrial environments, and will be useful for petroleum-contaminated bioremediation and other industrial applications.  
Kawung: Landraces, management, uses, and conservation based on moral versus economic interest among Outer Baduy community, South Banten, Indonesia: Landraces, Management, Uses, and Conservation Based on Moral Versus Interest Among Outer Baduy Community, South Banten, Indonesia BUDIAWATI SUPANGKAT ISKANDAR; Johan Iskandar
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 12 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221242

Abstract

Abstract. Iskandar BS, Iskandar J. 2021. Kawung: Landraces, management, uses, and conservation based on moral versus economic interest among Outer Baduy community, South Banten, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 5572-5584. The sugar palm or kawung (Arenga pinnata (Wurm) Merr.) has naturally or semi naturally grown in many rural areas of Banten and West Java. The sugar palm has social, economic, cultural, and ecological benefits for rural communities, but its population has dramatically decreased. This study aimed to access the knowledge, traditional management, uses and traditional conservation of sugar palm. This research used a qualitative method with an ethnoecological approach. The results showed that the Outer Baduy community has a rich knowledge of sugar palm. Two landraces of sugar palm are recognized by Outer Baduy mainly kawung gedé and kawung salompét. They have not intensively cultivated the sugar palm, but managed the kawung seedlings which grow naturally or assisted by civet or careuh in traditional agroforestry systems, including huma, reuma, leuweung lembur, and leuweung kolot. The weeds growing surrounding the seedlings are cleared, and then the seedlings will grow naturally and finally develop to mature trees. The sugar palm has been traditionally used for ecological, socio-economic, and cultural functions. The Outer Baduy community has traditionally conserved the sugar palm which grows in traditional agroforestry systems. The sugar palm trees, fruits, and the stems have never been cut, used as the sweetmeats, and made into sago flour, respectively, while the civets which have assisted distribution and regeneration of the sugar palm have never been hunted, and their habitat has never been destroyed.
presence of whale sharks based on oceanographic variations in Cenderawasih Bay National Park, Papua, Indonesia: The presence of whale sharks in Cenderawasih Bay National Park, Papua. JAFRY FERDINAN Manuhutu; DEWA GEDE RAKA WIADNYA; ABU BAKAR SAMBAH; ENDANG YULI HERAWATI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 11 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221129

Abstract

Abstract. Manuhutu JF, Wiadnya DGR, Sambah AB, Herawati EY. 2021. The presence of whale sharks based on oceanographic variations in Cenderawasih Bay National Park, Papua, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 4948-4955. Oceanographic factors have an important role in the study of estimating the distribution of fish resource habitats. Sea Surface Temperature (SST), Sea Surface Chlorophyll (SSC), Current Speed, Sea Surface Height (SSH), and bathymetry are important parameters that have been used in estimating the habitat of certain species. Through analyzing these environmental factors, research on the appearance and distribution of whale shark habitats in the Cenderawasih Bay National Park in Papua, Indonesia, utilized field observation data and satellite imagery. This study applied data on the presence of whale sharks and oceanographic parameter data from satellite recordings during 2019 – 2020. Analysis of the relationship and habitat modeling between the monthly presence of whale sharks and environmental parameters was carried out through the Generalized Additive Model (GAM) statistical approach and spatial analysis through the Geographic Information System approach. In the GAM analysis, data on the presence of whale sharks was used as a response variable. In contrast, the predictor variables consisted of SST, SSC, current speed, SSH, and bathymetric data. The results showed that the highest frequency of whale shark presence occurred in the transitional monsoon, with an average presence of 31.77 ± 4.00 %. The study also showed that all predictors showed a highly significant relationship (P < 0.001) to the number of whale sharks present. SST values range from 30.3 – 31.3 °C, SSC of 0.39 – 0.86 mg/L, the current speed of 0.46 – 0.65 m/s, SSH showed 0.63 to 1.00 cm, and bathymetry between 40 – 50 m . In the GAM model, the SST and SSC parameters were the two most important parameters that affect the presence of whale sharks, followed by SSHD, depth (bathymetry), and current parameters.
Selection of upland rice lines in advanced yield trials and response to abiotic stress Arif Tirtana; Bambang Sapta Purwoko; ISWARI SARASWATI DEWI; Trikoesoemaningtyas Trikoesoemaningtyas
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 10 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221063

Abstract

Abstract. Tirtana A, Purwoko BP, Dewi IS, Trikoesoemaningtyas. 2021. Selection of upland rice lines in advanced yield trials and response to abiotic stress. Biodiversitas 22: 4694-4703. Breeding programs to obtain superior upland rice varieties with high productivity and adaptive in dryland must be prioritized to maximize the potential of dryland. This research aimed to obtain information on the agronomic performance of upland rice lines in advanced yield trials and select the best lines with high productivity and tolerance to drought stress and aluminum toxicity. Advanced yield trials were conducted from November 2016 until March 2017 in Bogor and Sukabumi using a randomized complete block design, where three replications were nested in the environments. Aluminum and drought stress evaluations were conducted at Muara Research Station, Bogor, in May-June 2018 and September-October 2018. Based on the selection index, twelve lines were selected with superior agronomic characters and high yield potential. These lines had characteristics as follows: days to harvesting (110.2-116.0 days), number of filled grains (70.6-101.3 grains), number of unfilled grains (27.9-58.4 grains), and productivity (2.2-2.9 tons ha-1). Evaluation of drought tolerance showed four lines with better drought tolerance than the drought-sensitive check IR20. The aluminum tolerance evaluation obtained two tolerant lines and nine lines with moderate responses to aluminum toxicity. The selected lines need to be further evaluated in multilocation trials.
Characteristics of anti-Vibrio harveyi compounds produced by Bacillus spp. isolated from shrimp ponds Iman Rusmana; ISRAMILDA ISRAMILDA; Alina Akhdiya
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 11 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221120

Abstract

Abstract. Rusmana I, Isramilda, Akhdiya A. 2021. Characteristics of anti-Vibrio harveyi compounds produced by Bacillus spp. isolated from shrimp ponds. Biodiversitas 22: 4872-4879. Pathogenic Vibrio spp. such as Vibrio vulnificus, V. alginolyticus, V. fluvialis, V. anguillarum, and V. harveyi caused shrimp diseases. The application of bacterial probiotics can control the growth of pathogenic Vibrio in shrimp. Bacillus spp. can produce antimicrobial compounds that inhibit the growth of pathogenic Vibrio spp. Isolation of Bacillus from several pond water samples, pond sediment, and shrimp intestines was successfully collected 175 isolates of Bacillus spp. Three isolates, i.e., Ltw54, Lts36, dan Lts40 had a high inhibitory index and stability in inhibiting the growth of Vibrio harveyi. Verification assay showed that Bacillus sp. Lts40 had the highest antimicrobial activity. The competition assay showed that Bacillus sp Lts40 isolates inhibited the growth of V. harveyi up to 81,8%. The antimicrobial compound produced by Bacillus sp. Lts40 was stable at the pH range of 3-11 and remained stable after heating at 100ºC for 20 minutes. The purification results using the chromatographic filtration technique showed that the protein fraction with a molecular weight of 47,38 kDa effectively inhibited V. harveyi growth. Bacillus sp. Lts40 isolate has potential application as a probiotic agent in shrimp ponds to control the growth of V. harveyi that causes luminous vibriosis diseases and the antimicrobial substance is potentially to be developed and produced as an anti-V. harveyi product that can be applied in a shrimp hatchery.
Improving the larvae acceptance rate and morphometric characteristics of queen Apis cerana javana by grafting larvae at different ages Ustadi Ustadi; Nur Ikhsan; Moch. Junus; Suyadi Suyadi
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230121

Abstract

Abstract. Ustadi, Ikhsan N, Junus M, Suyadi. 2021. Improving the larvae acceptance rate and morphometric characteristics of queen Apis cerana javana by grafting larvae at different ages. Biodiversitas 23: 166-170. This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of different ages of grafted larvae on the acceptance rate and morphometric characteristics of queen Apis cerana javana Fabr. The total of 72 larvae were 1, 2, and 3 days old and was reared in 7 colonies with 3 treatments (larvae age) and 6 replications. The morphometrics studied consisted of body length, emergence weight, head length, head width, thorax length, thorax width, fore wing length, fore wing width, abdomen length, and abdomen width. The results showed that the different ages of grafted larvae had a highly significant on body length, emergence weight (P<0.01), significant on abdomen length (P<0.05), but not on head length, head width, thorax length, thorax width, fore wing length, fore wing width, abdomen width, acceptance rate. However, the higher acceptance rate was 73.33% to be found in 1 day old of larvae than in 2 and 3 days old. The age of grafted larvae of 1 day old has a higher body length, emergence weight, and abdomen length (P<0.05) than in 2 and 3 days old of larvae. Thus, it can be concluded that the age of grafted larvae of 1 day old was the best age to queen rearing of Apis cerana javana.

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