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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,315 Documents
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The potential of Nephrolepis biserrata fern as ground cover vegetation in oil palm plantation Halus Satriawan; ZAHRUL FUADY; ERNAWITA ERNAWITA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 11 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221113

Abstract

Abstract. Satriawan H, Fuady Z, Ernawita. 2021. The potential of Nephrolepis biserrata fern as ground cover vegetation in oil palm plantation. Biodiversitas 22: 4808-4817. Nuisance plants or weeds are commonly found in agricultural landscapes including in oil palm plantations. Despite being considered as weeds, several of them have the potential to be used as ground cover vegetation including Nephrolepis biserrata (Sw). Schott. This fern species exhibits beneficial characteristic as ground cover plant especially in terms of the contribution of organic matter and soil moisture through the prevention of evapotranspiration. The objective of this research is to explore the potential of N.biserrata as ground cover vegetation in oil palm plantations based on the assessment of its ecological characteristics regarding the growth and decomposition rate, tolerance to shade, organic contents and carbon accumulation. The split plot experimental design was used with the age of oil palm plants was used as main plot while in the sub-plots the spacing of N. biserrata was used at three varying distances 10x10cm, 20x20 cm, and 30x30 cm, each treatment had three replicates. Nine parameters observed were the percentage of growth, the percentage of ground cover, plant height, fronds number per plant, leaves number per plant, Leaf Area Index, dry weight (g), nutrient content in plant tissue, and potential carbon stock. Results showed that N. biserrata showed rapid growth in covering the ground surface (8-12 weeks after planting), had rapid decomposition rate (30-60 days), tolerant to shading which was characterized by the highest percentage of growth up to 81.16% and covering area up to 95.9%, accumulated organic contents of N (1.23-1.53%), P (0.18-0.22%), and K (1.4-1.67%), respectively. In addition, total dry weight biomass obtained was 27.1 ton/ha, accumulated carbon in plant of 0.9 tons C/ha/year, and amount of soil carbon stock 76.4-97.4 tonnes/ha/year. The results of this study suggest that Nephrolepis biserrata is a potential plant to be utilized as a ground cover plant in oil palm plantations.
Analysis of genetic variability in F2 interspecific hybrids of mung bean (Vigna radiata) using inter-retrotransposon amplified polymorphism marker system Yeni Fatmawati; Agus Budi Setiawan; Aziz Purwantoro; Dyah Weny Respatie; Chee How Teo
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 11 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221121

Abstract

Abstract. Fatmawati Y, Setiawan AB, Purwantoro A, Respatie DW, Teo CH. 2021. Analysis of genetic variability in F2 interspecific hybrids of mung bean (Vigna radiata) using inter-retrotransposon amplified polymorphism marker system. Biodiversitas 22: 4880-4889. Mung bean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) categorized as one of the pivotal annual crops of Vigna genera is commonly cultivated in rotation with the cereal crops during the drought season. Conversely, to ameliorate its stunted productivity, the interspecific hybridization technique has been introduced between the mung bean and the common bean to promote genetic improvement with the breeding projects in Indonesia. However, since mung bean is a self-pollinated crop and has a narrow genetic base, the selection and improvement of a specific trait using marker-assisted selection is more challenging. Hence, a precautionary investigation is imperative to evaluate the progenies resulting from interspecific hybridization using an ideal marker. This study aimed to investigate the genetic variability of the F2 population of the interspecific mung bean hybrids using retrotransposon-based markers, particularly Inter-Retrotransposon Amplified Polymorphism (IRAP) markers. In this study, we identified retrotransposon from the mung bean genome and determined the Long Terminal Repeat (LTR) sequence using the LTR Finder. The IRAP primers were designed from a conserved region of the LTR sequence. One hundred of the F2 interspecific hybrids generated from the crossing between mung bean and common bean were successfully discriminated by IRAP markers. The IRAP marker showed high heterozygosity and moderate Polymorphic Information Content (PIC) values. The IRAP markers were able to detect genetic variability in the F2 progenies resulting from the interspecific hybridization. Cluster analysis showed that 100 of the F2 progenies were grouped into three clusters. This study demonstrated that retrotransposon-based markers can offer an effective approach for evaluating the segregation in the F2 population of intercross hybrids in the mung bean.
Butterfly communities (Insecta: Lepidoptera) at two recreational areas in Sungai Petani, Kedah, Peninsular Malaysia: Diversity of butterflies in Kedah NUR IZZAH ATHIRAH BASRI; Nurulhuda Zakaria
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 11 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221140

Abstract

Abstract. Basri NIA, Zakaria N. 2021. Butterfly communities (Insecta: Lepidoptera) at two recreational areas in Sungai Petani, Kedah, Peninsular Malaysia. Biodiversitas 22: 5039-5047. The knowledge on the butterfly diversity, especially in various habitats in Kedah is still poor. A study was conducted to determine and compare the diversity of butterflies at two recreational areas in Sungai Petani, Kedah, namely Bukit H and Taman Jubli Perak. This study was carried out starting from January 2021 until March 2021 with a total of nine sampling occasions at each site. Visual Encounter Survey (VES) was chosen as a sampling method. The butterflies were captured using a sweep net from 9am to 11am and 12pm to 2pm for each sampling site. A total of 145 individuals from 13 species from four families of butterflies were recorded. The most abundant species were recorded from the family Nymphalidae. Chilades pandava was the most abundant species obtained from the two recreational areas. From the t-test analysis, there was no significant difference between the diversity of Bukit H and Taman Jubli Perak. Shannon and Simpson's diversity indices showed both sites were interpreted as moderately low in diversity. This may be due to the different types of vegetation that exist at both sampling sites. This study will contribute to the first record of butterflies in Sungai Petani, Kedah, Peninsular Malaysia.
Genomic insight of two indigenous probiotics Lactobacillus plantarum Dad-13 and Lactobacillus plantarum Mut-7 from different origins of Indonesian fermented foods DIAN ANGGRAINI SUROTO; PRATAMA NUR HASAN; ENDANG SUTRISWATI RAHAYU
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 12 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221233

Abstract

Abstract. Suroto DA, Hasan PN, Rahayu ES. 2021. Genomic insight of two indigenous probiotics Lactobacillus plantarum Dad-13 and Lactobacillus plantarum Mut-7 from different origins of Indonesian fermented foods. Biodiversitas 22: 5491-5500. Lactobacillus plantarum Dad-13 and Lactobacillus plantarum Mut-7 are probiotics isolated from traditional fermented foods. In the present study two strains of L. plantarum were sequenced using Illumina NovaSeq PE150 platform and in silico analysis was performed using RAST webserver to unravel the functional metabolic between two strains. The L. plantarum Dad-13 and Mut-7 genome sizes were 3.25 and 3.98 Mb with GC content of them being almost similar i.e. 44.4 and 44.3%, respectively. Two lactobacilli also had some differences in their metabolic genes, particularly in carbohydrate subsystem. L. plantarum Mut-7 had genes related to the metabolisms of plant cell wall components such as dextrin, arabinose, xylose indicated the adaptation to their environmental origins (fermented dried cassava), while those genes were not observed in L. plantarum Dad-13 which was isolated from fermented buffalo’s milk (dadih). Further analysis using BAGEL4 webserver exhibited their different potential to synthesize bacteriocins, L. plantarum Dad-13 was predicted to produce more types of bacteriocins than L. plantarum Mut-7. This investigation revealed that L. plantarum Dad-13 and L. plantarum Mut-7 have a great potential related with their properties as probiotics.
Next generation sequencing reveals plants consumed by the vulnerable ebony langur (Trachypithecus auratus) in a fragmented mountain forest Puguh Karyanto; Adifa Risa Bagasta; IKE NURJUITA NAYASILANA; SHUKOR MD NOR; Sri Suci Utami Atmoko; Ari Susilowati; SUNARTO SUNARTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 9 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230943

Abstract

Abstract. Karyanto P, Bagasta AR, Nayasilana IN, Nor SMD, Atmoko SSU, Susilowati A, Sunarto 2022. Next generation sequencing reveals plants consumed by the vulnerable ebony langur (Trachypithecus auratus) in a fragmented mountain forest. Biodiversitas 23: 4759-4769. Many mountain forests on Java Island have suffered from forest degradation, fragmentation, and alien species invasion that cause a significant change in vegetation structure. This changing floristic structure may affect the foraging substrate of the foliage eater ebony langur, Trachypithecus auratus. Hence, ascertaining the plants eaten by the langur may contribute significantly to informing important ecological data about its foraging adaptation and conservation. We analyzed six fecal samples of the langur from three forest sites in Mount Merbabu National Park, Indonesia. This research used the plant mini barcode to sequence the ribulose-biphosphate carboxylase gene (rbcl) in the mitochondrial DNA of the plants eaten by the langur using the Next Generation Sequencing. We compare the NGS results to floristic reference data from a vegetation survey preceding the fecal analysis. The NGS found 238 OTUs that belong to 32 taxa. Most of the langur’s diet belongs to the lower crop community. The study’s results suggest that the ebony langur’s dietary composition shows an adaptation to the new floristic composition. However, since the habitat is continuously degraded, the stakeholders must perform appropriate home-building-based habitat management practices to conserve this vulnerable species.
The existence of Asian small-clawed otter (Aonyx cinereus Illiger, 1815) in the UCPS Hydropower, Cianjur, West Java, Indonesia Abdiel Praha Dirgantara; Erri Noviar Megantara; Teguh Husodo; Puput Febrianto; Indri Wulandari; Sya Sya Shanida
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 10 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221032

Abstract

Abstract. Dirgantara AP, Megantara EN, Husodo T, Febrianto P, Wulandari I, Shanida SS. 2021. The existence of Asian small-clawed otter (Aonyx cinereus Illiger, 1815) in the UCPS Hydropower, Cianjur, West Java. Biodiversitas 22: 4391-4401. Little information about the existence of small-clawed otters (Aonyx cinereus) in Indonesia is available. Small-clawed otter is the top predator and biological indicator of wetland health. However, the small-clawed otter population in the world has decreased due to anthropogenic factors. This study aims to reveal 1) estimate the population size of small-clawed otters and 2) the small-clawed otter signs at the UCPS Hydropower construction site, Cianjur, West Java. This study used a qualitative approach in February-April 2017. Sign surveys (feces, footprints, leftovers, and dens) and camera trapping were applied in this study. There were 32 signs with details of 21 feces, eight footprints, and three dens. The estimation of small-clawed otter population size at UCPS Hydropower ranges from 5-14 individuals in total scattered in the Citali-Cisokan, Cilengkong, and Cirumamis rivers. In addition, the discovery of infant and bedding repair activities shows that the habitat in the UCPS Hydropower area supports the daily needs of small-clawed otters, especially in terms of breeding and shelter. Further studies are needed regarding the impact of the UCPS Hydropower construction on the existence of small-clawed otters, especially in the overlapping between small-clawed otter habitat and the UCPS Hydropower construction sites, by monitoring and making wildlife management policies.
The ethnomedicinal plants used for human ailments at Mojana Wodera District, central Ethiopia Mikiyas Abebe
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 10 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221061

Abstract

Abstract. Abebe M. 2021. The ethnomedicinal plants used for human ailments at Mojana Wodera District, central Ethiopia. Biodiversitas 22: 4676-4686. An ethnobotanical study was carried out from March 2020 to February 2021 in selected sites of Mojana Wodera District to assess, identifying, and document medicinal plants to treat human ailments. Purposely and volunteer sampling techniques were applied to select 73 practitioners. Of those, 10 practitioners were key informants. Data was collected from informants using semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, participant observation, and walk-in-the-word. The collected data were entered into an excel spreadsheet for statistical analysis. ANOVA and t-test were applied to compare the knowledge of the informants in different groups. ICF and FL values were calculated to identify the most common human ailments and heal the potential of medicinal plants. The result showed that a higher average (p< 0.05) was recorded for crucial informants, illiterate and higher aged group. Still, there was a significant difference between male and female informants (p=0.032) on knowledge of medicinal plants. A total of 45 medicinal plant species (41 genera and 27 families) were identified to treat 35 types of ailments. From this total, 15.6% were endemic for Ethiopia. Family Euphorbiaceae was dominant (11.1%) for this study. In the finding, the leaf was the most widely plant part which is used to prepare remedies (29.79%), followed by root (28.72%), and the most popular remedy preparation was pounding (31.18%). A higher ICF value (0.78) was recorded for dermatological category ailments, and the highest FL (94.12%) occurred for Laggera tomentosa, which was under the therapeutic category of the throat and respiratory.
Floristic composition and diversity at Keruing (Dipterocarpus spp.) habitat in Tangkahan, Gunung Leuser National Park, Indonesia Arida Susilowati; HENTI HENDALASTUTI RACHMAT; DENI ELFIATI; ASEP HIDAYAT; ADHI NURUL HADI; ANITA ZAITUNAH; DARIN NAINGGOLAN; IDA MALLIA GINTING
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 10 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221038

Abstract

Abstract. Susilowati A, Rachmat HH, Elfiati D, Hidayat A, Hadi AN, Zaitunah A, Nainggolan D, Ginting IM. 2021. Floristic composition and diversity at Keruing (Dipterocarpus spp.) habitat in Tangkahan, Gunung Leuser National Park, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 4448-4456. Dipterocarpus spp., or locally known as Keruing, is a wood-producing tree and has high economic value. Keruing also produces derivative products in oil and oleoresin, which are widely used as raw materials for medicines and perfumes. Keruing natural population has been severely declining caused by habitat alteration and also over exploitation. Therefore, information on the composition and diversity of the floristic community at their habitat is important as an initial step in designing conservation actions. This study aims to determine the floristic composition and diversity at the keruing habitat in the Tangkahan area, Gunung Leuser National Park (Gunung Leuser NP). A line transect has been used to establish a purposive sampling in particular forest areas where the population of the keruing is known to grow naturally. Four line transects, each with five nested plots, totaling 110 plots, were established to gather data at four growth stages. The results found 47 species at the seedling stage, 43 species at the sapling stage, 48 species at the pole stage and 65 species at the tree stage. There were three species of keruing in the research location, namely Dipterocarpus haseltii, Dipterocarpus costulatus and Dipterocarpus elongatus Korth with low IVI values ??at each stage. D. haseltii was only found at the seedling, pole and tree stage with IVI values ??of 0.32, 0.30, and 6.90, respectively. D. costulatus was only found at the tree level with an IVI value of 3.43, while D. elongatus found at the sapling and tree stage with an IVI of 0.30 and 3.42, respectively. The diversity index in the research location was in the medium category at the seedling, sapling, and pole levels with a value of 2.96, 2.86, and 2.92, respectively and was classified as high at the tree level with a value of 3.18. The evenness index (E') in all growth stages is high or evenly distributed with the value of E' > 0.75. The species diversity in research location classified into medium-high category although in each stage showing dynamic on species domination. Disturbed habitat due to illegal logging and land conversion caused a problem on keruing regeneration. Conservation efforts, including active monitoring keruing occurrence, ex-situ conservation, and artificial regeneration, are needed to avoid keruing from extinction. 
Diversity, structure and composition of pteridophyte in varying habitats in Karimun Besar Island, Riau Islands Province, Indonesia Nery Sofiyanti; Dyah Iriani; Ikhwan Taufiq; Maya Sari; Andre Irawan; Farid M. Syauqi
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 11 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221117

Abstract

Abstract. Sofiyanti N, Iriani D, Taufik I, Sari M, Irawan A, Syauqi FM. 2021. Diversity, structure and composition of pteridophyte in varying habitats in Karimun Besar Island, Riau Islands Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 4847-4856. Biodiversity of small islands, particularly in tropical region, always encourages scientific curiosity. Such curiosity is much greater when the small island of interest has been through various land use changes, such as in Karimun Besar Island. This island is one of thousand islands in Riau Islands Province, Indonesia and poses different land uses. However, studies on the biodiversity of flora in this island have not been recorded, including for pteridophyte or fern members. This study aimed to examine the diversity, floristic structure and composition of pteridophyte at six different study sites in Karimun Besar Island representing varying habitat conditions (i.e., primary forest, secondary forest, rubber plantation, road side, coastal area and mined land. The sampling was collected by using transect method to measure density, dominance and frequency. A total of 32 species of pteridophytes were recorded from the six study sites that belong to two divisions, Polypodiophyta (31 species) and Lycophyta (1 species). The number of species of pteridophyte varied across the six habitats. The highest number of species (21) was found in primary forest, while the lowest (9 species) was found in rubber plantation. The dominant species for each study site were Taenitis blechnoides (Pteridaceae) (rubber plantation), Dicranopteris linearis (Gleicheniaceae) (secondary forest), Sticherus truncates (Gleicheniaceae) (primary forest), Pteridium caudatum (Dennstaedtiaceae) (road side), Achrosticum aureum (Pteridaceae) (coastal area) and Nephrolepis hirsutula (Nephrolepidaceae) (mined land). The result of this study provides the first data of fern in Karimun Besar Island that support pivotal information on the biodiversity of small islands in tropical region.
The diversity of edible plants traded in Ir. Soekarno Market, a traditional market in Sukoharjo District, Indonesia AVYDA KOZA DEANOVA; CELIN MAYLANI PRISTIAWATI; DEWI APRILIA; IVO SOLIKAH; MARHCELINA NURCAHYATI; NOR LIZA; WHIDI HIMAWAN; RUHYAT PARTASASMITA; AHMAD DWI SETYAWAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 9 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220958

Abstract

Abstract. Deanova AK, Pristiawati CM, Aprilia D, Solikah I, Nurcahyati M, Liza N, Himawan W, Partasasmita R, Setyawan AD. 2021. The diversity of edible plants traded in Ir. Soekarno Market, a traditional market in Sukoharjo District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 4095-4105. Market is one of the most important economic sectors in a country. One type of market is a traditional market that is synonymous with squalid, overcrowded and slum conditions. However, traditional markets provide essential commodities that are relatively cheaper and fresher than modern markets. The purpose of this research was to record the diversity of species and varieties of edible plants traded in Ir. Soekarno Market, a traditional market in Sukoharjo District. Plant commodities observed were vegetables, spices, fruits, and staples sold by the sellers in this market. The method used in this research was qualitative based on the ethnobotany approach. Meanwhile, to collect primary data, several field techniques were used, namely direct observation such as market commodity surveys, trader observations, and trader interviews. The direct survey results showed that the edible plant commodities consisted of 105 plant species representing 28 families. The variations found included 9 types of rice, 4 types of onions, 7 types of bananas, and 9 types of beans. The decline in the number of traded commodities and the lack of visitors was due to the increase in COVID-19 cases in Sukoharjo and disputes between traders and local government. Thus until recently, Ir. Soekarno Market, which was originally the main market full of visitors, became a market that was empty of visitors and traders.

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