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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Native plant composition and soil microfauna in limestone post-mining land as potential for development of ruminant forage HARWANTO HARWANTO; PANCA DEWI MANU HARA KARTI; SUWARDI SUWARDI; LUKI ABDULLAH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 11 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241158

Abstract

Abstract. Harwanto, Karti PDMH, Suwardi, Abdullah L. 2023. Native plant composition and soil microfauna in limestone post-mining land as potential for development of ruminant forage. Biodiversitas 24: 6332-6342. Limestone post-mining land is a potential marginal land, through revegetation and integration, as a forage provider. Therefore, utilizing an exploratory systematic random sampling, this research explored the native botanical composition that had the potential for forage and soil microfauna associated with plants in the limestone post-mining land of PT Sinar Tambang Arthalestari, Banyumas, Central Java, Indonesia from June to September 2023. The results showed that the limestone post-mining soil had a slightly alkaline pH and low fertility. The botanical composition comprised 16 grasses, four legumes, and 21 forbs. Native plants that have the highest Importance Value Index (IVI) were grasses; Ischaemum rugosum, Imperata cylindrica, Paspalum scrobiculatum, and legumes; Mimosa pudica, Centrosema pubescens, and Calopogonium mucunoides. Grasses contained 8.35-12.61% Crude Protein (CP) and 42.50-50.78% Total Digestible Nutrient (TDN), while legumes contained 17.06-17.74% CP, 62.12-64.75% TDN. Mycorrhizal colonization and populations of Azotobacter, Azospirilum, and Rhizobium were associated with native plants in the rhizosphere. Conclusively, the grasses I. rugosum, I. cylindrica, P. scrobiculatum, and the legumes M. pudica, C. pubescens, and C. mucunoides have the potential to forage on limestone post-mining land and are associated with soil microfauna. However, soil fertility requires further improvement by applying organic matter, nitrogen, and phosphorus fertilizers.
First record of red seabream, Pagrus major existence in the eastern Indian Ocean south of Java, Indonesia revealed by DNA barcoding AGUS NURYANTO; DIAN BHAGAWATI; ELLY TUTI WINARNI; ASWI ANDRIASARI ROFIQOH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 11 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241123

Abstract

Abstract. Nuryanto A, Bhagawati D, Winarni ET, Rofiqoh AA. 2023. First record of red seabream, Pagrus major existence in the eastern Indian Ocean south of Java, Indonesia revealed by DNA barcoding. Biodiversitas 24: 6023-6030. The red seabream, Pagrus major, is widely believed to be mainly inhabited in the Northwest Pacific region. Although there are no previous studies reporting its existence in the Indian Ocean, a morphologically similar species of silver seabream, P. auratus, has been discovered. To comprehensively assess the geographical distribution of both species, there is a need to carry out a taxonomic study using DNA barcoding technique. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the taxonomic status of seabream (Sparidae) in the east Indian Ocean south of Java, Indonesia, using the cytochrome c oxidase 1 barcoding. Fish specimens were collected during the June to August 2023 field trips at fishing ports and auction centers along West Java and Banten southern coastlines. A total of 51 specimens were successfully barcoded and 99% genetic similarity was used as a species border. The results showed that three seabream species were identified, with intraspecific genetic similarity ranging from 99.77% to 100% and low genetic distance between 0.000 and 0.005 to one top hit conspecific. Furthermore, 21 specimens were identified as P. major with high genetic similarity ranging from 99.43% to 100% and genetic homology ranging from 99.44% to 100%. This discovery represented the first record of P. major in the east Indian Ocean, South Java, presenting essential data need for capture fisheries management in the region.
Length-weight relationship and condition factors of Lepturacanthus savala in Lampung Bay, Indonesia DAVID JULIAN; MUHAMMAD REZA; MUHAMAD GILANG ARINDRA PUTRA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250209

Abstract

Abstract. Julian D, Reza M, Putra MGA. 2024. Length-weight relationship and condition factors of Lepturacanthus savala in Lampung Bay, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 510-515. Scarce information exists regarding the growth aspects of ribbon fish (Lepturacanthus savala Cuvier, 1829) in Lampung Bay waters. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the growth characteristics as fundamental information for managing L. savala fishery resources in the waters of Lampung Bay. The method of this quantitative and descriptive study was to analyze the growth of L. savala. Length, weight, and sex ratio data were acquired through a purposive sampling method based on the catch results from gillnet landings at Lempasing Fishing Port, Bandar Lampung. A total of 347 specimens were collected during data collection from May to August 2023, with a length range between 21.6-59.8 cm of total length (TL) and the highest frequency observed in the length interval class of 33-36 cm, consisting of 105 specimens. The results showed that the growth pattern of L. savala is positively allometric, with a value of b equal to 3.0915. The sex ratio between males and females is 1:2.4. The condition factor values ranged from 0.0442 to 2.9281, with the highest average value observed in June for males and females, reaching 1.03.
Pioneer plants of calcareous land in its early succession and the existence of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi SUHARNO SUHARNO; SUPENI SUFAATI; DEWI WULANDARI; MUHAMMAD BONDAN ALFARABBI; SHERLITA MAULANI; ANNISA ALFAADHILAH RUHANI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 11 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241143

Abstract

Abstract. Suharno, Sufaati S, Wulandari D, Alfarabbi MB, Maulani S, Ruhani AA. 2023. Pioneer plants of calcareous land in its early succession and the existence of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi. Biodiversitas 24: 6209-6217. Calcareous land is characterized with the high presence of calcium carbonate and classified as marginal land because it does not have the quality to support plant growth. The soil quality in calcareous land is poor physically, chemically, and biologically. Nonetheless, certain plants and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) thrive in this area. This research aims to determine plant diversity and the existence of AMF on calcareous land in Jayapura City, Papua, Indonesia. Data were collected through field observations in former limestone mining areas for a year. The results show that 41 types of plants were found at the study site. Based on the important value index, the most important plants were Bidens pilosa, Borreria sp., Piper aduncum, Pteris vittata, Polystichum sp., Axonopus compressus, Muntingia calabura, Pteris cretica, Cynodon sp., and Eleusine indica. Family with the largest number of species were Poaceae followed by Fabaceae, Pteridaceae, Moraceae, and Asteraceae. Based on plant habitus, 14.64% were ferns, 34.15% grasses, 39.62% herbaceous plants, and 12.20% trees. Plants sampled for the presence of AMF included B. pilosa, M. calabura, and P. aduncum. These plant species had level of AMF colonization of 71.2, 71.4, and 63.3%, respectively. There were 13 morphospecies of AMF belonging to the genera Glomus (46.15%), Claroideoglomus (7.69%), Acaulospora (38.46%), and Scutellospora (7.69%). The mutually beneficial symbiotic relationship between plants and AMF can be capitalized for managing the revegetation of former mining land with calcareous soil.
Genetic diversity of black soldier flies in Vietnam based on DNA COI sequence THI NHIEN NGUYEN; THI BINH NGUYEN TRAN; HOANG NAM TRAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 12 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241235

Abstract

Abstract. Nguyen TN, Tran TBN, Tran HN. 2023. Genetic diversity of black soldier flies in Vietnam based on DNA COI sequence. Biodiversitas 24: 6727-6732. The Black Soldier Fly (BSF), Hermetia illucens (Linnaeus, 1758), is found in temperate and tropical regions of the world. In recent years, BSF has been cultivated as fodder in some areas of Vietnam. The genetic diversity of BSF in Vietnam has not yet been assessed. This study aimed to investigate the nucleotide diversity in COI sequences of BSF in Vietnam. We examined the COI nucleotide sequences of 22 BSFs using flies or larval tissue samples for DNA extraction and subsequent sequencing. Our analysis showed that the nucleotide composition of BSF consisted of 25.36% A, 36.04% T, 21.25% C, and 17.35% G, with a significant prevalence of A+T nucleotides of 61.40% compared to 38.60% for G+C nucleotides. Among 22 individual BSFs samples collected from ten provinces and cities, spanning seven agro-ecological regions in Vietnam, we identified 9 different haplotypes, which were distributed in five clades but mainly clustered in two main clades: E and F. Clade E, prominently represented by branch E, showed a higher abundance in Asia, while Clade F has been identified in Europe, Uganda, South Korea, Oceania and North America. Our results highlight the relatively high genetic diversity of the Vietnamese BSF population. In addition, the COI nucleotide sequences of these Vietnamese BSF samples were similar to those of Asian and Australian countries, showing significant similarities to the Palearctic and Oriental regions. These results provide valuable insights to inform BSF breeding and development in Vietnam.
The identification of yield components, genetic variability, and heritability to determine the superior cocoa trees in West Papua, Indonesia ANTONIUS SUPARNO; M. A. ARBIANTO; SARASWATI PRABAWARDANI; PAULUS CHADIKUN; HERMAN TATA; FIONA DJUNITA NATALIA LUHULIMA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 6 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250605

Abstract

Abstract. Suparno A, Arbianto MA, Prabawardani S, Chadikun P, Tata H, Luhulima FDN. 2024. The identification of yield components, genetic variability, and heritability to determine the superior cocoa trees in West Papua, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 2363-2373. One of the obstacles to increasing the productivity of cocoa is the existence of superior cocoa clones. This research, therefore, was carried out to select the superior cocoa tree candidates from the existing cocoa plantation populations over 30 years old, using a descriptive method on the yield components of superior cocoa candidates in PT. Cokran Cocoa Plantation, South Manokwari. This research was conducted from May 2020 to May 2022. The initial information on 32 superior cocoa trees was obtained from the farmers who were involved and worked at the PT. Cokran Cocoa Plantation for 30 years. Cocoa was planted on an area of 1,680 ha with a spacing of 2 x 4 m. Data on the 13 quantitative characters of the cocoa pod and cocoa beans were analyzed using ANOVA (SAS V.9 For Window). These 13 quantitative data, including 11 qualitative data of leaves and fruit were used to analyze the relationship of kinship pattern among the accessions using NTSys ver. 2.1. Results of the research show that 8 cocoa accessions had a high production potential of more than 6,000 g per tree annually, namely CKR-02, CKR-03, CKR-04, CKR-09, CKR-12, CKR-26, CKR-28, and CKR-41 accessions. Accessions that produced 1,000 g of dry cocoa beans in less than 20 pods were CKR-03, CKR-04, CKR-07, CKR-09, CKR-12, CKR-15, CKR-22, CKR-26, CKR-40, and CKR-41. Candidate cocoa clones that have the potency to produce dry cocoa beans with grade AA quality were CKR-03, CKR-04, CKR-12, CKR-26, CKR-40, and CKR-41. Wide phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variations were found among the 32 accessions. High heritability was produced by pod length, pod girth, pod fresh mass, seed number/pod, seed fresh mass, and seed dry mass. The cluster analysis showed a wide morphological diversity of the 32 cocoa accession candidates based on the yield component characters.
Molecular detection of Borrelia spp. (Spirochaetales: Borreliaceae) in ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) collected from tortoises in Java, Indonesia HANA FAIZAH SOPHIA; SUPRIYONO SUPRIYONO; SUSI SOVIANA; DIMAS NOVIANTO; UPIK KESUMAWATI HADI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 12 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241246

Abstract

Abstract. Sophia HF, Supriyono, Soviana S, Novianto D, Hadi UK. 2023. Molecular detection of Borrelia spp. (Spirochaetales: Borreliaceae) in ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) collected from tortoises in Java, Indonesia. Biodiveritas 24: 6852-6857. Reptiles are known hosts of various tick species, many of which are zoonotic and pose veterinary and public health risks. Amblyomma ticks frequently parasitize reptiles and are potential vectors of zoonoses. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of tick infestations and to identify Borrelia species infections in ticks found on tortoises. One hundred six tortoise hosts in three provinces in Indonesia. DNA extraction and Borrelia species were detected using conventional PCR techniques. The results revealed the presence of nineteen hard-bodied ticks on Chelonoidis carbonarius Spix, 1824, Chelonoidis denticulatus Linnaeus, 1766, and Geochelone sulcata Miller, 1779. All the ticks collected were identified as Amblyomma sparsum Neumann 1899, and the prevalence of A. sparsum infestations on tortoises in this study was 7.55%. Borrelia spp. was detected in some of the A. sparsum ticks infesting tortoises. Subsequent sequencing unveiled two distinct reptile-associated (REP) borrelia strains. This study sheds light on the tick infestation patterns and the potential transmission of Borrelia species among tortoises kept as exotic pets in urban areas by A. sparsum ticks. The findings provide valuable insights into the bioecology of ticks and the associated health risks they pose to reptiles, thereby contributing to our understanding of zoonotic disease dynamics in the region.
High-throughput sequencing of Diatoms using V4 region of 18S rRNA gene in Bayug Island, Iligan City, Philippines DARSHEL ESTER P. ESTOR; SHARON ROSE TABUGO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 11 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241159

Abstract

Abstract. Estor DEP, Tabugo SR. 2023. High-throughput sequencing of Diatoms using V4 region of 18S rRNA gene in Bayug Island, Iligan City, Philippines. Biodiversitas 24: 6343-6350. Diatoms are the main contributors to aquatic primary production and are the most dominant phytoplankton. Their adaptability and growth in diverse natural resources enable them to thrive in various climates and geographical areas, making them suitable for monitoring and biotechnology applications. This study aimed to analyze the diatom composition in two study sites: a mangrove area and the estuary in Bayug Island. The analysis was conducted using metabarcoding of the V4 region of the 18S rRNA gene, amplified and sequenced on the Illumina MiSeq platform. Four amplicon libraries were generated, representing the diatom composition at the two study sites. Data processing was performed using the Parallel-Meta-Suite software. Following quality control and processing, 20,433 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) were obtained. Among these, the genera Navicula, Thalassiosira, Chaetoceros, Guinardia, Amphora, and Minidiscus were the most abundant ASVs. The assessment of diatom alpha diversity using the Shannon index indicated a higher diversity in the estuary site. Furthermore, the analysis done within the Parallel Meta Suite suggested that the presence of these specific diatom species can be linked to salinity levels, and may indicate environmental disturbances such as water pollution. The presence of these diatoms has the potential to be utilized in ecological treatments, disease prevention, biotechnology, and as nutrient indicators for other marine organisms. Physico-chemical parameters were recorded in the estuary area (S1), with the average water pH measuring around 7.6, salinity at approximately 36.6 ppt, and water temperature at 26.7?. In contrast, the measurements in the mangrove area (S2) revealed an average water temperature of 30?, salinity of around 35 ppt, and a water pH of 7.7. This research will serve as baseline data for diatom community in the area and a pioneering work on using NGS and eDNA for diatom study.
Ethnobotanical knowledge of Isaan Laos tribe in Khong Chai District, Kalasin Province, Thailand with particular focus on medicinal uses PIMTIDA NIAMNGON; SURAPON SAENSOUK; PIYAPORN SAENSOUK; AUEMPORN JUNSONGDUANG
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 12 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241242

Abstract

Abstract. Niamngon P, Saensouk S, Saensouk P, Junsongduang A. 2023. Ethnobotanical knowledge of Isaan Laos tribe in Khong Chai District, Kalasin Province, Thailand with particular focus on medicinal uses. Biodiversitas 24: 6793-6824. Isaan Laos ethnic group in Khong Chai District, Kalasin Province, Thailand hold a unique ethnobotanical knowledge on plant utilization, yet such knowledge and wisdom are facing gradual erosion due to modernization. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate comprehensively the ethnobotanical knowledge on the uses of plants among the Isaan Laos ethnic group residing in Khong Chai District. Data was gathered between July 2022 and July 2023 via vegetation survey, semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions with 23 villagers residing in village adjacent to the forested area to collect data on plant local names and its utilization. The data was then analyzed for Cultural Important Index (CI), Informant Agreement Ratio (IAR), and Fidelity Level (%FL). In total, Isaan Laos ethnic group in Khong Chai District utilize 291 plant species belonging to 229 genera and 88 families for various purposes. These plants are further categorized into 12 groups based on their traditional uses, including 168 species used for food and spices, 109 species for medicinal purposes, 74 species for ornamental purposes, 40 species for construction materials, 35 species for beliefs and rituals, 27 species for fuels, 20 poisonous species, 17 species for beverages, 5 species for dyeing, 4 species for cosmetics and perfumery, 3 species for industrial crops and 2 species for apparel. Oryza sativa is the most often utilized plant, with a CI value of 4.74, followed by Senna siamea (3.39) and Pandanus amaryllifolius (3.30). The body ache with the highest Index of IAR=0.94 is associated with Curcuma longa, which has the highest values of Fidelity Level (%FL). The most common use of Curcuma longa is to treat flatulence and expelling wind, as well as skin illness. Additionally, Curcuma longa has the highest CI value of 9.83. This study recorded ethnobotanical data in detail as fundamental knowledge for the conservation of plants to be utilized by future generations.
Ethnobotany of local banana (Musa spp.) variety Loka Pere in West Sulawesi, Indonesia JACOB SCOTT FETTIG; CAHYO PRAYOGO; MARTHEN P. SIRAPPA; SUKIMAN SUKIMAN; BURHANUDDIN BURHANUDDIN; SULTAN SULTAN; SYAHRUL KURNIAWAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 12 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241209

Abstract

Abstract. Fettig JS, Prayogo C, Sirappa MP, Sukiman, Burhanuddin, Sultan, Kurniawan S. 2023. Ethnobotany of the local banana (Musa spp.) variety Loka Pere in West Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 6472-6483. Compared to modern crop varieties, many farmers’ varieties are nutrient dense, stress tolerant, disease resistant and suited to local conditions. It is thought that increased utilization of farmers’ varieties in agrifood systems can improve rural livelihoods. One underutilized farmers’ variety is Loka Pere, a local banana (Musa spp.) in Majene District, West Sulawesi. The purpose of this research was to study ethnobotany of Loka Pere to develop its knowledge base regarding cultural importance, management and local perception of its potential, spatial dynamics and production constraints. Ethnobotany data was collected in the villages Adolang, Adolang Dhua, and Betteng through participatory observation, open-ended conversations, semi-structured interviews, and surveys. Descriptive, qualitative data was recorded alongside total use value and relative frequency of citation for its characteristic traits, ideal growth conditions, and limitations to production. Surveys included ranking and scaled perception questions. Loka Pere is an endemic farmers’ variety originating from the study area and may be locally adapted. It has a strong link to the local community’s identity - often called Manurung Adolang, or the “icon of Adolang” - and is the preferred banana of locals. It has unique phenotypic characteristics and uses, including use as a traditional fertility medicine. After approaching disappearance, local conservation projects and growing desire to utilize the resource led to its reintroduction to production systems. Respondents agreed they would benefit from its increased utilization, including development of processed products. Farmers described ideal conditions and processes for Loka Pere cultivation. It is often grown intercropped or in agroforestry systems. Limitations to production include wild boar, climate, and value chain. Loka Pere appears to be a farmers’ variety with high potential for regional development. Strengthening traditional knowledge related to its cultivation and use can aid in its reintegration into agrifood systems.

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