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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Profiling of microbiome biodiversity and structure associated with the gastrointestinal tract of Pacific white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) using high-throughput sequencing MUHAMAD AMIN; LAILA MUSDALIFAH; MUHAMMAD WAHYUDIN LEWARU; ALIMUDDIN ALIMUDDIN; SAHRUL ALIM; MELISSA BEATA MARTIN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 5 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250515

Abstract

Abstract. Amin M, Musdalifah L, Lewaru MW, Alimuddin, Alim S, Martin MB. 2024. Profiling of microbiome biodiversity and structure associated with the gastrointestinal tract of Pacific white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) using high-throughput sequencing. Biodiversitas 25: 1984-1992. The Pacific white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) holds significant importance as an aquaculture commodity in Indonesia, where the government actively promotes the expansion of brackish water pond intensification and extensification. Despite its global cultured prominence, there remains a research gap regarding the biodiversity of the microbiome within the gastrointestinal tracts (GITs) of cultured P. vannamei and the implications of aquaculture practices on microbiota dynamics. This study focuses on investigating the diversity and structure of the GIT microbiome in P. vannamei from selective intensive aquaculture ponds in East Java, Indonesia. Sampling from three distinct intensive rearing ponds, shrimp GITs were meticulously dissected to analyze the bacterial composition using high-throughput sequencing. The microbial diversity within the gastrointestinal tracts of these shrimps from commercial intensive aquaculture farms was evaluated through 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, targeting the V3-V4 region, and the utilization of Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) for bacterial categorization. The results revealed that the gastrointestinal tract of shrimp reared in an intensive aquaculture system was dominated by nine bacterial phyla, namely Proteobacteria (53.95%), followed by Actinobacteria (26.78%), Bacteroidetes (3.95%), Firmicutes (2.41%), Tenericutes (1.98%), Chloroflexi (1.22%), Verrucomicrobia (1.03%), Cyanobacteria (0.71%) and Planctomycetes (0.65%). High levels of microbial diversity were indicated by the diversity indices, reflecting both richness (Simpson's index) and evenness (Shannon index). The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of microbiota dynamics in aquaculture systems and underline the significance of preserving microbial diversity for sustainable shrimp production.
Assessment of species diversity, biomass and carbon stock of mangrove forests on Belitung Island, Indonesia HENRI HENRI; ARTHUR MUHAMMAD FARHABY; OKTO SUPRATMAN; WAHYU ADI; SIGIT FEBRIANTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250103

Abstract

Abstract. Henri, Farhaby AM, Supratman O, Adi W, Febrianto S. 2023. Assessment of species diversity, biomass and carbon stock of mangrove forests on Belitung Island, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 6761-6769. Mangroves are highly productive ecosystems that provide important ecosystem services for people and nature, including climate change mitigation. This study analyzed species diversity, biomass value, and estimated carbon stocks in mangrove forest ecosystems on Belitung Island, Indonesia. The data collection method is carried out by creating a linear plot consisting of several circular subplots. Data analysis was carried out to determine the frequency, density, important value index, biomass (above-ground and below-ground biomass), and carbon content. The results of research on mangrove ecosystems on Belitung Island obtained ten species of mangroves dominated by Rhizophora apiculata Blume found in all research sites. The density of mangroves in the four locations (>1,500 trees/ha) is very dense. In contrast, the location in Juru Seberang (1,349 trees/ha) is categorized as moderate because it is the location of previous reforestation. Rhizophora apiculata has an important value index at the tree (161.24%) and sapling (149.24%) levels. Mangroves on Belitung Island have a total biomass value (225.08 t ha-1), estimated carbon content (112.54 t C ha-1), and carbon dioxide (CO2) absorption of 413.02 t CO2 ha-1. Sustainable coastal ecosystem management can significantly reduce carbon emissions from the land use sector and maintain ecosystem services in these coastal habitats, considering Belitung Island as one of the archipelago areas.
Dynamic of coral recruits in the Karimunjawa National Park, Central Java, Indonesia SUKMARAHARJA AULIA RACHMAN TARIGAN; MUNASIK MUNASIK; DIAH PERMATA WIJAYANTI; MUHIDIN MUHIDIN; ENDANG ABDUL ROHMAN; SHINTA PARDEDE
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250247

Abstract

Abstract. Tarigan SAR, Munasik, Wijayanti DP, Muhidin, Rohman EA, Pardede S. 2024. Dynamic of coral recruits in the Karimunjawa National Park, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 869-880. After a disturbance event, coral reefs can recover naturally by recruiting new corals. These can be affected by environmental factors like the substrate's physical and biological structure, predation, and accidental mortality of recruits by grazers, as well as the number and size of parent corals supplying larvae. This study examined the connection between newly recruited corals and biological factors such as sea urchin density, herbivorous fish abundance, and hard coral coverage. The study was monitored changes in coral cover, juvenile coral density, herbivore abundance, and hard coral coverage at 43 locations and two depths (shallow; 2-3 m) and deep (8-10 m) from 2013 to 2022. The locations were distributed across six different zone systems: the core zone, protection zone, tourism zone, traditional fisheries zone, aquaculture zone, and rehabilitation zone. Multiple Linae Regression, ANOVA test, and Principal Component Analysis were employed to assess the relationship between coral recruitment and other variables. Results indicated that the coral recruitment density was not significantly different when comparing different zoning systems (two-way ANOVA test, P-value>0.05). Based on the PCA analysis, we found that in 2013 and 2019, excavator, sea urchin, browser, and hard coral have a positive relationship with coral recruitment, which implies that coral recruitment would increase as sea urchin, browser, and hard coral increase. Meanwhile, in 2019 and 2022, coral recruitment has a negative relationship with scraper, and also with hard coral growth (although only in 2022), implying that coral recruitment would decrease if scraper and hard coral increase. The study recommends restoring the role of herbivorous species in Karimunjawa National Park (KNP) by prioritizing them in conservation efforts and managing their populations.
Species identification and population dynamics of cuttlefish Sepia spp. (Mollusca: Cephalopoda) landed at Brondong Fishing Port, Lamongan, East Java, Indonesia DADUK SETYOHADI; MUHAMMAD ARIF RAHMAN; LEDHYANE IKA HARLYAN; MIHROBI KHALWATU RIHMI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 4 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250403

Abstract

Abstract. Setyohadi D, Rahman MA, Harlyan LI, Rihmi MK. 2024. Species identification and population dynamics of cuttlefish Sepia spp. (Mollusca: Cephalopoda) landed at Brondong Fishing Port, Lamongan, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 1359-1367. Cuttlefish (Sepia spp.) is one of Indonesia’s fisheries resources with high economic value. It is often caught in the northern Java waters, including Lamongan. As it is high value, cuttlefish resources should be managed to ensure sustainability. However, information on its biology and population dynamics is limited as the basis of fisheries management. This research aimed to identify species of cuttlefish and to estimate its biological aspects and population dynamics. Samples were randomly collected at Brondong Fishing Port from July to September 2022. The result indicated that there were two species of cuttlefish, Sepia aculeata (needle cuttlefish) and Sepia pharaonis (pharaoh cuttlefish), with a proportion of 57.1 and 42.9%, respectively. In addition, S. pharaonis was bigger and heavier than S. aculeata. The mean mantle length = 10.5 cm and weight = 166.6 g for S. aculeata, while S. pharaonis has mean mantle length = 11.4 cm and weight = 208.1 g, and both species have negative allometric growth patterns. Moreover, the asymptotic mantle length (L?) = 24.6 cm and 22.7 cm, growth rate (K) = 0.68 year-1 and 0.78 year-1, total mortality rate (Z) = 1.96 year-1 and 4.61 year-1, natural mortality rate (M) = 0.97 year-1 and 1.64 year-1, fishing mortality (F) = 0.99 year-1 and 2.97 year-1, and exploitation rate (E) = 0.51 year-1 and 0.65 year-1 for S. aculeta and S. pharaonis respectively. This finding might contribute to managing cuttlefish fishery in the north Java waters, especially in East Java.
Identification, screening, and analysis of secondary metabolite content in methanol extracts of ant nests plant tubers from Aceh, Indonesia ROSLIZAWATY ROSLIZAWATY; GHOLIB GHOLIB; NADIA RAHMI; KHAIRAN KHAIRAN; RINALDI IDROES; SYAFRUDDIN SYAFRUDDIN; MAHDI ABRAR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 12 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241255

Abstract

Abstract. Roslizawaty R, Gholib G, Rahmi N, Khairan K, Idroes R, Syafruddin S, Abrar M. 2023. Identification, screening, and analysis of secondary metabolite content in methanol extracts of ant nests plant tubers from Aceh, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 6934-6941. This study aims to identify the chemical components obtained from extracting and partitioning methanol extracts from ant nest tubers (Myrmecodia sp.) originating from Aceh Jaya and Aceh Besar. These extracts were identified using phytochemical screening, Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR), and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) methods. The identification results showed that the ant nest plant from Aceh Jaya belongs to the species Myrmecodia tuberosa Jack. The ant nest plant from Aceh Besar belongs to the species Hydnophytum formicarum Jack. Phytochemical screening results showed that the methanol extract from Aceh Jaya's ant nest tubers contained flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and terpenoids, while Aceh Besar's ant nest tubers contained flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids. GC-MS analysis revealed that the major compound found in the methanol extract from Aceh Jaya's ant nest tubers was 2H-oxecin-2-one,3,4,7,8,9,10-hexahydro-4-hydroxy-10-methyl-,[4S-(4R*,5E,10S*)]- constituting 50.63% of the extract. In comparison, the primary compound in the methanol extract from Aceh Besar was resorcinol at 17.92%. FT-IR analysis indicated that the FT-IR spectra of the methanol extracts from Aceh Jaya's ant nest tubers contained O-H, C-H, C=O, C=C alkene, and C=C aromatic groups. At the same time, methanol extracts from Aceh Besar's ant nest tubers also contained O-H, C-H, C=O, C=C alkene, and C=C aromatic groups.
Short Communication: Flora and aves diversity in the Kasunanan Palace, Surakarta, Indonesia IRFAN ABU NAZAR; SUNARTO SUNARTO; AHMAD DWI SETYAWAN; MUHAMMAD INDRAWAN; EDWI MAHAJOENO; WIDHI HIMAWAN; SOVIA WIJAYANTI; NUR CHOIRIYAH MERDEKAWATI; Diagal Wisnu Pamungkas; Haydar Ally; Daffa Nur Waskito; Ressa Karina; Asih Kinanti; Bisma Yoga Herdananta; SANGAJI SANGAJI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260218

Abstract

Abstract. Nazar IA, Sunarto, Setyawan AD, Indrawan M, Mahajoeno E, Himawan W, Wijayanti S, Merdekawati NC, Pamungkas DW, Ally H, Waskito DN, Karina R, Kinanti A, Herdananta BY, Sangaji. 2025. Short Communication: Flora and aves diversity in the Kasunanan Palace, Surakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 26: 706-714. The development of Surakarta City, Central Java, Indonesia, as a MICE (Meeting, Incentive, Convention, and Exhibition) center poses challenges to the availability of land, which threatens green open spaces and their ecological functions. The Palace (Keraton), a cultural symbol of Surakarta, has the potential to provide green open space as the manifestation of its local wisdom. This research aimed to identify the diversity of flora and avian fauna that occurred in the Kasunanan Palace, Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia. The study indicates that the Palace complex was still covered with medium to high vegetation cover, especially in the public open spaces of the Palace. Overall, the diversity index (H') of the flora reached 3.249, indicating a high level with an evenness index (E) of 0.624, indicating moderately even distribution. The most commonly found tree species were Hibiscus tiliaceus, Terminalia catappa, Mimusops elengi and Ficus benjamina. Fig tree (Ficus spp.) is a species with high symbolic and cultural value for the Palace. The avian diversity index (H') reached 2.084, indicating moderate diversity with an evenness index (E) of 0.328, indicating uneven distribution. The most commonly found avian species were Collocalia linchi, Passer montanus and Lonchura punctulata. These species are generalists, indicating high environmental pressure due to anthropogenic activities. The study results imply that green spaces in Keraton provide patches and stepping stones, which is an ideal habitat for developing urban biodiversity. This encourages greenspace restoration efforts based on the function of providing biodiversity through the conservation of special resources (large trees) and improving the quality of patches.
Rhizosphere actinobacteria isolated from Pometia pinnata and its antimicrobial activity ISRA JANATININGRUM; AMELIA ZAHRA; FITRIYANTI FITRIYANTI; VIVI ANGGIA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250313

Abstract

Abstract. Janatiningrum I, Zahra A, Fitriyanti, Anggia V. 2024. Rhizosphere actinobacteria isolated from Pometia pinnata and its antimicrobial activity. Biodiversitas 25: 1007-1014. Actinobacteria are currently the largest antibiotic-producing bacteria due to their extreme environments such as soil, roots and rhizosphere. The diversity of rhizosphere actinobacteria is affected by plant exudates. Pometia pinnata is a plant that has long been used for traditional medicine in Indonesia. This study was aimed at isolating and evaluating isolate and evaluate the actinobacteria rhizosphere of P. pinnata, to screen their antibacterial and antifungal properties. Isolation of actinobacteria was done by using serial dilution method and grown on media. About 34 actinobacteria were successfully isolated from the rhizosphere of P. pinnata and 50% of them showed index antimicrobial activity for Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 (0.52), Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 1705 (2.87), and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 (1.28). Several microbial isolated microbes (20.8%) were found capable in inhibiting fungal growth. The highest antibacterial activity against all bacteria was shown by RM12 isolate. The aqueous fraction of RM12 isolate demonstrated a significant inhibitory activity against S. aureus ATCC 6538 and E. coli ATCC 25922 at concentrations of 250 ppm, 500 ppm and 1000 ppm. TLC bioautography showed that aqueous fraction RM 12 do not belong to the polyphenol or phenol compound group. The RM12 was characterized by using 16S ribosomal RNA sequence found to belong to actinobacteria genera to Streptomyces bungoensis.
Bioactive compounds and DPPH antioxidant activity of underutilized macroalgae (Sargassum spp.) from coastal water of Makassar, Indonesia SANTIA GARDENIA WIDYASWARI; METUSALACH METUSALACH; KASMIATI KASMIATI; NURSINAH AMIR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250118

Abstract

Abstract. Widyaswari SG, Metusalach, Kasmiati, Amir N. 2024. Bioactive compounds and DPPH antioxidant activity of underutilized macroalgae (Sargassum spp.) from coastal water of Makassar, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 176-182. This study focuses on determining the chemical component and potential of two species of macroalgae (seaweed) Sargassum spp., i.e., Sargassum polycystum and Sargassum ilicifolium from the coastal waters of Makassar City, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Several macroalgae are highly cultivated and exported; however, these species of Sargassum remain underutilized due to limited studies on their potential. Brown algae (Phaeophyceae), especially Sargassum spp., contain secondary metabolites known for their health-promoting properties, including antioxidant effects, inhibiting oxidative stress, lowering blood pressure, and improving the immune system. The investigation analyzes the nutritional components and bioactive substances in Sargassum spp. harvested from the Makassar City coastal waters, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Nutritional content was analyzed using proximate analysis. Phytochemical screening was conducted based on the method by Harborne method. Antioxidant activity was performed using the DPPH method. Total phenolic/flavonoid content based on spectrophotometric method. The investigation reveals the primary chemical composition of Sargassum polycystum showing the presence of valuable secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, phenol hydroquinone, and reactive saponins. Sargassum ilicifolium contains flavonoids, phenol hydroquinone, tannins, and steroids. The IC50 values for the antioxidant activity of S. polycystum and S. ilicifolium were 51.34 ppm and 51.25 ppm, respectively. The compounds in these seaweeds might be beneficial in promoting health. These findings suggest the possibility of underutilized seaweeds as a natural source of antioxidants in food and non-food industries.
The relationship between crustacean diversity and population dynamics of Blood Cockle Tegillarca granosa in the coastal area of West Langsa, Aceh Province, Indonesia MAWARDI MAWARDI; M. ALI SARONG; SUHENDRAYATNA SUHENDRAYATNA; MUHAMMAD IRHAM
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250228

Abstract

Abstract. Mawardi, Sarong MA, Suhendrayatna, Irham M. 2024. The relationship between crustacean diversity and population dynamics of Blood Cockle Tegillarca granosa in the coastal area of West Langsa (Aceh Province, Indonesia). Biodiversitas 25: 690-699. Coastal areas serve as a transitional zone between land and sea, influenced by tidal fluctuations and river estuary currents. Coasts are ideal habitats for spawning and nurturing various crustaceans and bivalves. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between the Shannon-Wiener diversity index of crustaceans and population dynamics of Tegillarca granosa (Linnaeus, 1758) (Arcidae, Bivalvia) in three different locations. The study utilized a survey method with sampling conducted using transects from the coastline towards the land in coastal areas covered with mangroves, employing transects measuring 5 meters by 5 meters. All samples collected at the study locations were fixed for identification. A total of 1,583 Crustacea individuals belonging to 17 species were sampled. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index of crustaceans ranged from 1.99 to 2.31, categorized as moderate. The highest number of individuals of T. granosa was in November, while the lowest number of individuals was recorded in July. Males of T. granosa were more dominant than females across all study sites. There was a positive correlation between the crustacean diversity index and T. granosa specimens, but a negative correlation with the crustacean dominance index. Seawater salinity, showed a positive correlation with crustacean diversity and the population dynamics of T. granosa.
Positive interaction of trembesi (Samanea saman) and arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi in Pb stabilization of gold-mine tailing media LULUK SETYANINGSIH; FILDZAH AISYAH RAMADHANI; ZAINAL MUTTAQIN; MAMAY MASLAHAT
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250144

Abstract

Abstract. Setyaningsih L, Ramadhani FA, Muttaqin Z, Maslahat M. 2024. Positive interaction of trembesi (Samanea saman) and arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi in Pb stabilization of gold-mine tailing media. Biodiversitas 25: 379-385. This experiment aimed to determine the ability of trembesi (Samanea saman Merr.) seedlings inoculated with AMF (Glomus manihotis) to reduce Pb from gold mine tailings media. Therefore, using plants and Arbuscular Mycorrhizae Fungi (AMF) is an alternative choice that can be considered to support a phytoremediation program to reduce Pb contamination in tailing areas. The experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design in a greenhouse with two factors, i.e., with and without AMF, and four different Pb treatments (0, 0.5, 1, and 1.5 mM). AMF-inoculated seedlings were grown on tailings media and exposed to Pb in different concentrations for 5 weeks. The results showed that the seedlings were still able to grow on the media with Pb up to 1.5 mM with a tolerance index of 91.6%. AMF induced the plant to accumulate Pb dramatically higher, even though this absorption tended to reduce plant biomass. Root tissue stored significantly higher Pb than stem and leaf tissue, with an average concentration was 526.29 mg/kg in the roots of mycorrhizal seedlings. The bioaccumulation level of Pb in mycorrhizal seedlings was significantly higher. The value of the transport factor was below 1, indicating that S. saman seedlings carried out the phytostabilization. The interaction of AMF with S. saman has a big potential to be applied in efforts to remediate Pb in tailings.

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