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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
 489   490   491   492   493 
Comparison of genetic diversity of LEP gene between Indonesia domestic goats: Etawa Cross and Senduro Goats MUHAMMAD FAJAR AMRULLAH; BUDI UTOMO; SUZANITA UTAMA; TITA DAMAYANTI LESTARI; TRI WAHYU SUPRAYOGI; TJUK IMAM RESTIADI; RISTAQUL HUSNA BELGANIA; SUHENDRA PAKPAHAN; ASWIN RAFIF KHAIRULLAH; SHENDY CANADYA KURNIAWAN; OTTO SAHAT MARTUA SILAEN; ABDULLAH HASIB
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 12 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241218

Abstract

Abstract. Amrullah MF, Utomo B, Utama S, Lestari TD, Suprayogi TW, Restiadi TI, Belgania RH, Pakpahan S, Khairullah AR, Kurniawan SC, Silaen OSM, Hasib A. 2023. Comparison of genetic diversity of LEP gene between Indonesia domestic goats: Etawa Cross and Senduro Goats. Biodiversitas 24: 6567-6573. The leptin (LEP) gene is a gene that functions to produce the hormone leptin secreted by fat tissue that can increase livestock productivity. This study aimed to identify the profile of the LEP gene between Etawah Cross goats and Senduro goats. Gene profiling includes single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and phylogeny tree reconstruction. Furthermore, 10 whole blood samples from 5 Etawah Cross goats and 5 Senduro goats were collected from goat farms in Lumajang District, Lumajang Regency, Indonesia. The Research procedure involved collecting blood samples, extracting DNA, amplification using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method using specific primers, and nucleotide sequencing method. The edited DNA sequences were aligned with some DNA sequences (n=32) of the Capra hircus group published in Genbank. The results of this study obtained the alignment of the LEP gene sequences of Etawah Cross goats and Senduro goats, including T723A, G729A, G758A, A763T, G774C, T1100C, and G1454A. Based on the LEP gene phylogeny tree, Etawah Cross goats and Senduro goats belong to the same clade and have a close kinship with the Bligon goats. The profile of the LEP gene between Etawah Cross goats and Senduro goats varies so that further studies can be carried out to look for the relationship between SNPs and the productivity traits of the LEP gene.
Morphological characteristic and truss morphometric analysis of amphidromous goby (‘nike') (Teleostei: Gobiiformes) in Bone River, Gorontalo, Indonesia NURALIM PASISINGI; DWY SUCI; CITRA PANIGORO; MIFTAHUL KHAIR KADIM
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250125

Abstract

Abstract. Pasisingi N, Suci D, Panigoro C, Kadim MK. 2024. Morphological characteristic and truss morphometric analysis of amphidromous goby (‘nike') (Teleostei: Gobiiformes) in Bone River, Gorontalo, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 223-231. One of the preferred fish resources in the Gorontalo region is amphidromous goby species, commonly known by local community as nike fish. In rivers, at the adult stage, these fish are morphologically and potentially morphometrically not necessarily distinguishable among species and between sexes. This research aimed to identify the morphological and morphometric truss characters that distinguish the sexual characteristics of goby fishes in the Bone River, Gorontalo. Fish samples were purposefully collected from eight sites along the river, spanning from upstream to downstream, using a backpack electrofishing device. Sampling occurred in March and November 2022, with morphological analysis and measurements conducted on 336 individuals. The morphometric method measured data from 13 points on the sample body, forming 28 combinations of truss distance characters (A1-A3; B1-B12; C1-C10; D1-D3) connecting these points. Morphologically, the samples were identified as three species, namely Sicyopterus longifilis, Belobranchus belobranchus, and Awaous grammepomus. This study revealed distinctions in morphological characters between male and female individuals. In S. longifilis, males exhibited a relatively slimmer body shape compared to the rounded form of females. Male B. belobranchus displayed more striking coloration than females, while male A. grammepomus featured a lighter brown body color than the paler females. All the morphometric truss characters in this study can be reliably used as a sexual distinguishing characteristic in S. longifilis. As for species B. belobranchus, B7 truss cannot be considered a differentiator. In A. grammepomus, thirteen truss characters (B3, B4, B6, B7, B8, B10, B12, C3, C6, C7, C9, C10, D1) cannot be used to differentiate males and females.
Estimation of blight and spot diseases severity in Ciherang and Ciliwung rice varieties based on vegetation index algorithms LA ODE SANTIAJI BANDE; ASMAR HASAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250314

Abstract

Abstract. Bande LOS, Hasan A. 2024. Estimation of blight and spot diseases severity in Ciherang and Ciliwung rice varieties based on vegetation index algorithms. Biodiversitas 25: 1015-1021. Blight and spot diseases are often associated with rice plant, causing high disease severity and potentially reducing crop production. One effective disease management strategy is using resistant varieties and intensive disease monitoring through camera sensor technology and vegetation index-based image processing. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the severity of blight and spot diseases on two rice plant varieties based on vegetation indexes. Image recording was carried out on rice field and leaf samples of Ciherang and Ciliwung varieties. This was followed by image processing based on normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) to determine the proportion of sick/healthy plants in the field and dark green color index (DGCI) to quantify disease severity. The results showed that the proportion of healthy plant in Ciliwung rice field was greater than in Ciherang as shown by NDVI. Based on DGCI, Ciliwung also had a relatively lower level of disease severity compared to Ciherang, although the difference was not statistically significant. Blight disease caused more severe damage to rice leaf than spot disease based on image processing results. Furthermore, a positive correlation was observed between the increase in DGCI and NDVI.
Exploring vegetation's role in enhancing ant-based coffee berry borer control in an agroforestry system NANANG TRI HARYADI; AGUNG SIH KURNIANTO; NILASARI DEWI; GELANG ARUM KEMANGI SUKMA; ERVATAMIA SYAH DEVARIGATA; YESSICA MELIA RANI SUYITNO; NUR LAILA MAGVIRA; ANGGUN SAUSAN FIRDAUS
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250207

Abstract

Abstract. Haryadi NT, Kurnianto AS, Dewi N, Sukma GAK, Devarigata ES, Suyitno YMR, Magvira NL, Firdaus AS. 2024. Exploring vegetation's role in enhancing ant-based coffee berry borer control in an agroforestry system. Biodiversitas 25: 491-501. The coffee industry faces a serious threat from coffee berry borer pests, causing significant economic losses. This research aims to explore the potential of using ants as a biological control method in coffee plantations, as well as the influence of shade on ant communities. The research was conducted in the Sumberjambe and Silo Sub-districts using purposive sampling methods to collect ant specimens with the beating sheet method. Specimens were identified in the laboratory, and data were analyzed using the Shannon-Wiener diversity index, the Evenness index, and the Margalef species richness index. The results showed 17 ant genera in Sumberjambe and 13 in Silo, with 7 of them acting as predators. The analysis indicated low diversity (H’=0.88-1.56) with the dominance of the Dolichoderus and Lasius genera at both locations. A high evenness index in Sumberjambe (E=0.75) indicated a uniform distribution, whereas a moderate value in Silo indicated a less uniform ant distribution (E=0.45). Species richness at both locations was considered low (Dmg=0.66-0.91). Comparative tests between the two locations did not show a significant difference in the diversity of ants that could potentially act as predators. This study also includes an analysis of tree species vegetation at the agroforestry sites, with Albizia chinensis trees showing the highest importance value in Silo (INP=209.37). This indicates the significant role of this plant in the ant agroforestry community. The Tapinoma genus (Pearson corr.=0.996, p-value=0.0467) and Solenopsis genus (Pearson corr.=0.993, p-value=0.0432) showed a very strong positive correlation with Albizia plants. However, some other combinations showed weaker correlations or approached zero, indicating that the number of vegetation species did not greatly influence their presence or abundance. This research provides insight into the diversity of ants, their potential role as predators of the coffee berry borer, and the relationship between ants and vegetation on two coffee-based agroforestry fields in Jember District, Indonesia.
Variations in soil carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus concentrations and stoichiometry with stand age in Acacia hybrid plantations in Southern Vietnam MAIHAI CHAU; NGUYENVAN QUY; XIAONIU XU; BUIMANH HUNG; LE VAN CUONG; TRANTHI NGOAN; THANHMINH NGUYEN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250215

Abstract

Abstract. Chau M, Quy N, Xu X, Hung B, Cuong LV, Ngoan T, Nguyen T. 2024. Variations in soil carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus concentrations and stoichiometry with stand age in Acacia hybrid plantations in Southern Vietnam. Biodiversitas 25: 565-573. Soil Carbon (C), Nitrogen (N), and Phosphorus (P) contents are the three most critical soil nutrient elements required for plant growth and development, and their ecological stoichiometric ratios are significant indicators for understanding soil nutrient balance and cycling. This study was conducted to probe variations in the soil organic C (SC), total N (SN), and total P (SP) contents and stoichiometry at five soil depths (0-20, 20-40, 40-60, 60-80, and 80-100 cm) in Acacia hybrid plantations of five different ages (2-, 4-, 6-, 8-, and 10-year-old plantations) in Langa-Dongnai Forestry Company, Southern Vietnam. The results showed that forest age and soil depth substantially impacted soil nutrient contents and their stoichiometric characteristics. The concentrations of SC, SN, and SP as well as C/N, C/P, and N/P ratios increased as the forest stand age increased. The contents of SC, SN, and SP reduced with soil depth, indicating an obvious soil “surface-aggregation” phenomenon. The nutrient restriction varied based on forest stand development, shifting from restricted nitrogen in the earlier growth periods of trees to restricted phosphorus in the later growth periods. The findings demonstrate that to resolve the issue of restricted availability of these nutrient indexes, additional nitrogen should be supplied during earlier growth periods and additional phosphorus during later growth periods. The results further emphasize the importance of understanding SC, SN, and SP interactions and nutritional limitations and provide relevant theoretical support for sustainable Acacia hybrid plantation management in the Southern region.
Structure of reticulated python (Malayopython reticulatus) tongue using scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy MARTINA MARINA; GOLDA RANI SARAGIH; ULAYATUL KUSTIATI; TEGUH BUDIPITOJO; HERY WIJAYANTO; TRI WAHYU PANGESTININGSIH; ARIANA ARIANA; WORO DANUR WENDO; VISTA BUDIARIATI; DWI LILIEK KUSINDARTA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 5 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250530

Abstract

Abstract. Marina M, Saragih GR, Kustiati U, Budipitojo T, Wijayanto H, Pangestiningsih TW, Ariana, Wendo WD, Budiariati V, Kusindarta DL. 2024. Structure of reticulated python (Malayopython reticulatus) tongue using scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy. Biodiversitas 25: 1596-1604. Reticulated python (Malayopython reticulatus) is the longest snake in the world. It belongs to order Squamata, suborder Serpentes, family Pythonidae, and genus Malayopython. The size of this snake can reach up to 6-8 m, which makes it the largest member of Pythonidae family. The tongue of Malayopython reticulatus (Schneider, 1801) is unique in that it serves the chemosensory process by capturing and carrying airborne chemical particles to Jacobson's or vomeronasal organs, so it would be very interesting to know the morphology of the lingual papillae of the tongue of M. reticulatus. This research aimed to determine the morphological and histological structures of M. reticulatus tongue via Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) staining. Macroscopically, the tongue was divided into the apex, corpus, and radix. This organ is elongated with bifurcation. The dorsal anterior part tends to be blackish, whereas the posterior part tends to be lighter to reddish in color. SEM observation showed that the reticulated python tongue has microfacets and micropores on the dorsal side but lack papillae and taste buds. Histological results (HE staining) revealed that the tongue is divided into a mucosal layer and a muscular layer. The mucosal layer consists of lamina epithelial mucosa and lamina propria mucosa. Melanin exists in the lamina propria mucosa. The muscular layer comprises longitudinal, transverse, and vertical muscles and also lack papillae and taste buds.
Probiotic candidates of lactic acid bacteria from fermented food cincalok and tempoyak from Kalimantan, Indonesia RETNO MURWANI; REFA ANGGRAENI; AMBARIYANTO AMBARIYANTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 8 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250843

Abstract

Abstract. Murwani R, Anggraeni R, Ambariyanto A. 2024. Probiotic candidates of lactic acid bacteria from fermented food cincalok and tempoyak from Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 2705-2712. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) belong to beneficial bacteria with the potential as probiotics to prevent pathogenic bacterial infections, improving digestive enzyme activity and the immune system. The objective of this research was to determine the probiotic potential of five lactic acid bacterial species isolated from fermented foods and to evaluate their antibacterial activity against pathogenic Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus nepalensis. The gastric simulation test results showed a significant decrease in all five LAB isolates from 109 to 108 CFU/mL (P<0.05). Subsequent intestinal simulation decreased the number of Levilactobacillus brevis and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum numbers from 108 to 107 CFU/mL (P<0.05), which remains high. All five bacterial strains were found negative for the DNase test. In the hemolytic test, only Enterococcus faecalis and Pisciglobus halotolerans lysed red blood cells but not Tetragenococcus halophilus, L. brevis, and L. plantarum. In conclusion, T. halophilus, L. brevis, and L. plantarum were promising probiotic candidates. Further in vivo studies are necessary to test the probiotic effect of these three LAB strains.
Changes in physicochemical, microbiological, and sensory quality of fermented milk with Lactiplantibacillus pentosus during cold storage SUSMIATI SUSMIATI; SRI MELIA; ILFA KHAIRINA; HURRIYA ALZAHRA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250131

Abstract

Abstract. Susmiati, Melia S, Khairina I, Alzahra H. 2024. Changes in physicochemical, microbiological, and sensory quality of fermented milk with Lactiplantibacillus pentosus during cold storage. Biodiversitas 25: 269-275. Fermented milk is a probiotic milk product created through a fermentation process that includes the addition of lactic acid bacteria, specifically Lactiplantibacillus pentosus. Enhancing the product's organoleptic qualities and extending its shelf life are the primary objectives of milk fermentation. This study aimed to determine the levels of protein, fat, water, pH value, TTA value, total lactic acid bacteria (LAB) colonies and sensory quality like taste, aroma and texture of fermented milk at 1, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of storage. The results showed that protein content, fat content, water content, pH value, TTA value, and total colony LAB ranged from 5.30-6.96%, 6.01-7.49%, 72.03-88.89%, 4.78-5.17, 0.96-1.30%, 6.73-11.06 x109 CFU/mL, respectively . The overall organoleptic quality level was highest in the samples with the shortest storage time.
Vegetation diversity based on peat hydrological units for supporting cattle production in West Kalimantan, Indonesia DUTA SETIAWAN; ANURAGA JAYANEGARA; NAHROWI NAHROWI; NUR ROCHMAH KUMALASARI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 5 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250518

Abstract

Abstract. Setiawan D, Jayanegara A, Nahrowi, Kumalasari NR. 2024. Vegetation diversity based on peat hydrological units for supporting cattle production in West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 2011-2019. This study determined the characteristics of forage supply, composition, and diversity in various West Kalimantan Peat Hydrological Units (PHU) and the capacity for livestock development. The methods used were a combination of surveys, direct observations, and measurements of samples of peat hydrological units commonly used as pasture by farmers. The results showed that the pattern of providing forage for livestock is that the majority of farmers are in the productive age category (41-60 years), the education level was only elementary school, livestock farming was only a side business (78.33-81.67%), and the mowing capacity was still above livestock feed requirements. Important Value Index (IVI) in Mempawah Ageratum conyzoides (32.34%), Pontianak IVI Digitaria sanguinalis (27.17%), Kubu Raya IVI Cyperus brevifolius (22.43%). The forage species diversity index (H) of the three districts in West Kalimantan was classified as moderate or high. The species Richness Indices (R') for Mempawah, Pontianak, and Kubu Raya were 5.01, 6.22, and 6.41, respectively. The carrying capacity index in Kubu Raya (2.01) and Mempawah (5.19) was included in the safety criteria because it has a CCI above 2. In conclusion, The West Kalimantan livestock population can be increased by utilizing land in rice fields, dry fields, community forests, and plantations as a source of diverse forage vegetation.
The supply chain of Javan spitting cobra (Naja sputatrix) utilization in cobra satay businesses in Jakarta, Indonesia SILVA EKAPUTRA UTAMA; YANTO SANTOSA; BURHANUDDIN MASYUD
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 5 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250526

Abstract

Abstract. Utama SE, Santosa Y, Masyud B. 2024. The supply chain of Javan spitting cobra (Naja sputatrix) utilization in cobra satay businesses in Jakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 2086-2092. One frequently utilized reptile is the Javan spitting cobra (Naja sputatrix). Apart from Indonesia, countries that utilize cobras are China and India. One form of actual utilization for the community's economy from cobra utilization is the cobra satay business. The high economic potential threatens the cobra population in the wild. Moreover, trade in the supply chain can have a negative impact ecologically and economically, so it is necessary to approach the supply chain of the cobra business to understand the cobra supply chain, considering the roles of participants, distribution processes, the number and specifications of cobras utilized, the source of cobras, and the incurred losses within the supply chain. This research was conducted using the snowball sampling method, with in-depth interviews. Interviews with vendor were conducted at their shops in Jakarta, and interviews with agent and collector were conducted at their homes in Karawang. It enabled the identification of the supply chain of the cobra satay business consisting of vendor in Jakarta and collectors, agents, and hunters in Karawang. The data collected were the number, specifications, and prices of each supply chain link, as well as the form of cobra utilization from traders. An estimated ±1,560 cobras are used in the cobra satay business annually, with a minimum total length of 70 cm for the cobras. The results showed that the percentage of dead cobras in the supply chain was 5%-35%, which resulted in a reduction in income of Rp25,000 - Rp125,000 for agents, Rp40,000 - Rp240,000 for collector, and Rp200,000 - Rp2,000,000 for vendor.

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