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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Short Communication: Calcareous nannofossil assemblages and age determination in Leuwi Kenit, Ciletuh Palabuhanratu Geopark, Indonesia SANTI DWI PRATIWI; NURDRAJAT NURDRAJAT; FITTRIE MEYLLIANAWATY PRATIWY; SHUN CHIYONOBU
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 7 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250741

Abstract

Abstract. Pratiwi SD, Nurdrajat, Pratiwy FM, Chiyonobu S. 2024. Short Communication: Calcareous nannofossil assemblages and age determination in Leuwi Kenit, Ciletuh Palabuhanratu Geopark, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 3200-3207. Our meticulous and comprehensive investigation of nannofossil diversity in Leuwi Kenit, Sukabumi District, West Java Province, Indonesia, a part of the Ciletuh Palabuhanratu UGG, where the study of nannofossils is limited, is of significant importance their implications for age determination and clarifying the geological history of the region. The initial documentation of calcareous nannofossils in the Leuwi Kenit traverse of the Cikarang Member within the Jampang Formation resulted in the identification of thirty-three species from 62 samples. The studied section reveals seven nannofossil biozones, arranged from oldest to youngest as follows: LO Sphenolithus ciperoensis; LO Cyclicargolithus abisectus; FO Sp. disbelemnos; FCO Helicosphaera carteri; FO Sp. belemnos; LCO Sp. belemnos; LO Sp. conicus and FCO Sp. heteromorphus. Notably, the abundance of Coccolithus pelagicus, Cyclicargolithus floridanus, Reticulofenestra spp., and Sphenolithus spp. characterized their occurrence throughout the section. The diversity and preservation of nannofossils were found to be good, and based on nannofossil biohorizons, the age of Leuwi Kenit spans from 24.3 million years ago to around 17.7 million years ago at Paleogene (Oligocene age) to Neogen Periode (Early Miocene age). Based on the nannofossils assemblages, results show that the area has many important indicator species, making it essential for future research on ancient ocean conditions and past climate changes within this geopark.
Biochemical composition and volatile profile analysis of three varieties of Coffea arabica and their correlation with the microclimate of Mount Tangkuban Perahu, West Java, Indonesia ROSY ANNAZA FIRNABILLAH; ERI MUSTARI; ERLY MARWANI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 7 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250748

Abstract

Abstract. Firnabillah RA, Mustari E, Marwani E. 2024. Biochemical composition and volatile profile analysis of three varieties of Coffea arabica and their correlation with the microclimate of Mount Tangkuban Perahu, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 3264-3276. The quality of coffee is determined by various biochemical compounds, including chlorogenic acid, caffeine, trigonelline, sucrose, and oil, as well as the volatile metabolite profile in coffee beans. Genetic factors and environmental conditions at the coffee cultivation site influence the composition of these compounds. This study aimed to analyze the biochemical composition and volatile profile of various coffee samples, including Ateng, Tim-Tim, and Sigarar Utang, and investigate their correlation with microclimate factors. Different analytical methods were used to examine the green beans, including High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-MS) for caffeine, chlorogenic acids, sucrose, and trigonelline, Soxhlet methods for oil content determination, and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) for volatile compound analysis. The results showed distinct biochemical components and metabolite profiles among the three arabica coffee varieties. The Ateng variety had the highest concentrations of chlorogenic acid, while the Tim-Tim variety had the lowest content of these compounds. Trigonelline and caffeine content was similar across all varieties. Sucrose content was highest in the Sigarar Utang variety, while oil content was higher in the Ateng and Tim-Tim varieties compared to Sigarar Utang. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) showed significant metabolite variation among the three varieties, with PC1 and PC2 accounting for 69.2% of the variance. Furthermore, Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) successfully distinguished the three varieties and identified potential biomarker compounds for classification. Additionally, the study discovered that the environmental factor, specifically light intensity affected the sucrose and oil compounds in arabica green beans coffee. The study concluded that the three varieties' biochemical composition and volatile metabolites differed. Certain compounds were found to correlate with measured microclimatic factor.
Feeding ecology study of Asian redtail catfish, Hemibagrus nemurus (Teleostei: Bagridae), post-sediment flushing in Jenderal Soedirman Reservoir Central Java, Indonesia DWI NUGROHO WIBOWO; SRI SUKMANINGRUM; ANI WIDYASTUTI; PETRUS HARY TJAHJA SOEDIBYA; NUR LAILA RAHAYU
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 5 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250549

Abstract

Abstract. Wibowo DN, Sukmaninggrum S, Widyastuti A, Soedibya PHT, Rahayu NL. 2024. Feeding ecology study of Asian redtail catfish, Hemibagrus nemurus (Teleostei: Bagridae), post-sediment flushing in Jenderal Soedirman Reservoir Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 2315-2322. Hemibagrus nemurus Vallenciennes 1840 is among the valuable fisheries commodities in Banyumas District and led to high exploitation. Research on H. nemurus is essential for its conservation, including its feeding ecology. Feeding ecology studies of H. nemurus have been conducted previously, but the relative examination of this Asian redtail catfish is lacking in Jenderal Soedirman Reservoir, Central Java, Indonesia. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the feeding ecology of H. nemurus, focusing on post-sediment flushing in the Jenderal Soedirman Reservoir in 2022. Specimens were collected at nine sampling sites in the reservoir during morning and evening sessions, with observed parameters including mouth position, intestine length ratio, intestine content, and the index of preponderance (IP). The results showed that H. nemurus had a subterminal mouth position as well as shorter to slightly longer intestines than the standard body length (SL). Based on the IP value, diets inside the intestine were dominated by animal materials, namely fish compounds. Hence H. nemurus seemed to be predatory considering its detected piscivorous habits. The identified mouth position, intestine length, and dominant diets were similar to the reports on the same species from other regions. These feeding ecology data would provide essential information for the fisheries and conservation of H. nemurus in Jenderal Soedirman Reservoir.
Morphological description of two scallops, Chlamys albida (Arnold, 1906) and Volachlamys tranquebaria (Gmelin, 1791) from the coastal waters of the northern Bay of Bengal MD ROYHANUR ISLAM; M. SHAHADAT HOSSAIN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250250

Abstract

Abstract. Islam MDR, Hossain MS. 2024. Morphological description of two scallops, Chlamys albida (Arnold, 1906) and Volachlamys tranquebaria (Gmelin, 1791) from the coastal waters of the northern Bay of Bengal. Biodiverstas 25: 900-907. The commercial marine scallop Chlamys albida (Arnold, 1906) was first discovered in the Sonadia, Bangladesh coastal island. It was acquired and deposited in the Institute of Marine Sciences (IMS) museum catalog, University of Chittagong. The species was taxonomically studied based on its external morphology as well as compared with Volachlamys tranquebaria (Gmelin, 1791), a species from the same family of Pectinidae, which was previously reported along the coast of Bangladesh. Study specimens were collected randomly and hand-picked from the intertidal zone of Sonadia Island. This study examined morphological characteristics as well as morphometric measurements. The study also determined the studied species distribution pattern, habitat biology, and ecology. This species has not yet been registered in this region, presumably due to the lack of long-term research on bivalves and its low abundance. The present study increased the number of reported mollusc species in Bangladesh, which may facilitate further molluscan research.
Short Communication: Photogrammetric analysis of the number and pattern of dorsal cranium scale of juvenile green iguana (Iguana iguana) BAGUS FAUZUL RAMADHANI; M. GANDUL ATIK YULIANI; GRACIA ANGELINA HENDARTI; TANTRI DYAH WHIDI PALUPI; ZULFI NUR AMRINA ROSYADA; SOEHARSONO SOEHARSONO; EPY MUHAMMAD LUQMAN; PUDJI SRIANTO; YENI DHAMAYANTI; BOEDI SETIAWAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250130

Abstract

Abstract. Ramadhani BF, Yuliani MGA, Hendarti GA, Palupi TDW, Rosyada ZNA, Soeharsono, Luqman EM, Srianto P, Dhamayanti Y, Setiawan B. 2024. Short Communication: Photogrammetric analysis of the number and pattern of dorsal cranium scale of juvenile green iguana (Iguana iguana). Biodiversitas 25: 264-268. Pet animals can significantly positively impact mental health and reduce feelings of loneliness. Due to the large number of pets under care, there is a need for an efficient and effective method of pet identification. Thus, this study aims to identify changes in the dorsal cranium scale of juvenile green iguana (Iguana iguana (Linnaeus, 1758)) less than one year old. Dorsal cranium scales of juvenile green iguanas identified the number and pattern. Photo identification was examined for 18 green iguanas four times from the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia, at 12 weeks old, 14 weeks old, 16 weeks old, and 18 weeks old. The photo was taken on a studio set, focusing on the cranium of the green iguana to get the scale pattern correctly. Photo identification was taken to find scale number and pattern determinants by analyzing the app I3S. We collated and analyzed the weekly data to test hypotheses using repeated measure ANOVA analysis in IBM SPSS 23. The data showed that the number of scales of the dorsal cranium was stable during the four photos taken, and each individual could be the same in the number of scales. The pattern of dorsal cranium scales has a stagnant pattern for each individual, and each individual is different at scale patterns, so photo identification as individual identification is possible. However, it is not possible to use it to identify the age of the iguana.
Proximate and phytochemical analysis of Acanthus ilicifolius hot water extract from three different growing locations RIDWANTI BATUBARA; T. ISMANELLY HANUM; ODING AFFANDI; MIMI NURMINAH; INA WINARNI; SALEHA HANNUM; ORYZA YULIA YASMIN; SHAFIRA CHAIRUNNISA CHERY; AFIFUDDIN DALIMUNTE
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 4 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260415

Abstract

Abstract. Batubara R, Hanum TI, Affandi O, Nurminah M, Winarni I, Hannum S, Yasmin OY, Chery SC, Dalimunte A. 2025. Proximate and phytochemical analysis of Acanthus ilicifolius hot water extract from three different growing locations. Biodiversitas 26: 1641-1651. Jeruju (Acanthus ilicifolius) is a tide-dependent plant and often obtains more freshwater supply. The chemical composition of this plant needs to be explored so that consumers can obtain the required information, particularly regarding the use of A. ilicifolius hot water extract. Therefore, this research aimed to determine proximate and phytochemical content of A. ilicifolius from three different growing locations. Proximate analysis was carried out by testing water, ash, fat, and protein composition, while phytochemical tests and GC-MS (Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry) were used to determine the number and names of chemical compounds, respectively. The results showed that ash, fat, and protein composition of A. ilicifolius from the three sample locations were not statistically different. Based on SNI 3945-2016 and SNI 01-4453-1998, water content met the standard of 2.11-7.47%, while ash content did not fulfill the requirement of 0.56-0.59%. Fat and protein content ranging from 8.58 to 10.22% and 19 to 19.95% had no standard specification. Phytochemical test results of hot water extract showed that the compounds from the three sample locations were the same, including flavonoids, glycosides, steroids, triterpenoids, saponins, and tannins. Based on GC-MS, the main compound in hot water extract of A. ilicifolius sampled from Pasar Rawa Village was 2(3H)-Benzoxazolone. In comparison, the main compounds from Percut Village and Paya Pasir Village were found to be dodecanoic acid, 1,2,3-propanediol ester, and dodecyl palmitate.
The first report of DNA barcoding of commercially important fish in Nias Islands, Indonesia MUTIA RAMADHANIATY; VINDY RILANI MANURUNG; KHAIRUNNISA KHAIRUNNISA; FRIYUANITA LUBIS; IPANNA ENGGAR SUSETYA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250234

Abstract

Abstract. Ramadhaniaty M, Manurung VR, Khairunnisa, Lubis F, Susetya IE. 2024. The first report of DNA barcoding of commercially important fish in Nias Islands, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 742-753. The Nias Islands are an archipelago in the western part of North Sumatera, encompassed by the Indian Ocean, and have become a hotspot for demersal and pelagic fishes. These geographical conditions endow the waters around Nias with large fishery resources, leading to their frequent utilization as fishing grounds for Sumatera Island and its surrounding areas. This research aimed to identify the commercially important fish species with the highest catch frequency in the waters of Nias, and this identification marked the initial stage of the sustainable utilization of fish resources. The method used was DNA Barcoding using genes targeting the COI Mitochondrial locus. Therefore, 43 samples were collected from several North and South Nias fish landing sites. The obtained species were classified into 3 groups based on the commodity type: demersal fish, pelagic fish, and Choncricthyes. There were 8 species of demersal fish (Caesio caerulaurea, Halichoeres scapularis, Lethrinus ornatus, Mulloidichthys flavolineatus, Parupeneus barberinus, Scarus prasiognathos, Plectropomus leopardus, and Variola albimarginata), displaying genetic distances ranging from 0.002-0.275. Pelagic fish consisted of 5 species, namely Amblygaster clupoides, Caranx ignobilis, Caranx sexfasciatus, Ferdauia ferdau, and Scomberomorus commerson, displaying genetic distances ranging from 0.002-0.267. The next commodities were Chondrichthyes with 9 species (Carcharhinus sealei, Himantura leoparda, Neotrygon kuhlii, Paragaleus randalli, Pateobatis jenkinsii, Rhynchobatus cf laevis, Spyrna lewini, Taeniura meyeni, and Urogymnus granulatus), displaying genetic distance ranging from 0-0.271. This value indicates that migratory species such as chondrichthyes have quite extensive movements so that the genetic distance between species and between populations tends to be low.
Population and distribution of Javan langur (Trachypithecus auratus Geoffroy E. 1812) in Sokokembang Forest, Petungkriyono Sub-district, Pekalongan District, Central Java, Indonesia INTAN RACHMADANTI AL-HUDA; IKE NURJUITA NAYASILANA; GALUH MASYITHOH; ARIF SETIAWAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 4 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250419

Abstract

Abstract. Al-Huda IR, Nayasilana IN, Masyithoh G, Setiawan A. 2024. Population and distribution of Javan langur (Trachypithecus auratus Geoffroy E. 1812) in Sokokembang Forest, Petungkriyono Sub-district, Pekalongan District, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 1514-1520. Sokokembang is one of the potential habitats that provide a source of feed, means of movement, and shelter for Javan langurs (Trachypithecus auratus Geffroy E, 1812), which are one of the threatened Colobinae, the endemic primate of Java and Bali. Javan langur has been in decline for the last three generations. Javan langur conservation requires data and assessment of natural habitat distribution, size, and condition. This study aims to determine the population size and distribution pattern of Javan langurs in the Sokokembang forest, Central Java, Indonesia, which can be used as a basis for habitat management. The demography parameters used in this study were the population size, population density, age structure, and sex ratio. The study has been conducted from May to June 2023 on plots 18 to 21 of Sokokembang forest, Central Java. The study used the concentration count method and the nearest neighbor analysis using Arcmap 10.8. Eleven groups were identified, with the population size of each group ranging from 3 ± 23 individuals. The population density of Javan langurs was 7.46 individuals/km2. The age structure of Javan langurs in Sokokembang was dominated by the adult age class, and the male-to-female sex ratio was 1:3. The results showed a random distribution pattern of Javan langurs in the Sokokembang forest.
Phylogenetic analysis of wild bananas (Musa spp.) in West Kalimantan, Indonesia, based on maturase K (matK) genes HAYATUL FAJRI; ARI SUNANDAR; MAHWAR QURBANIAH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 8 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250833

Abstract

Abstract. Fajri H, Sunandar A, Qurbaniah M. 2024. Phylogenetic analysis of wild bananas (Musa spp.) in West Kalimantan, Indonesia, based on maturase K (matK) genes. Biodiversitas 25: 2612-2618. West Kalimantan is home to wild bananas (Musa spp.). Genetic assessment of wild banana relatives is important for future breeding purposes. This study aims to analyze the phylogenetic relationship of wild banana species in West Kalimantan based on maturase K (matK) gene sequence data to understand better the relationship among wild banana species in West Kalimantan. A total of 30 samples, including 23 matK sequences from GenBank, were used. Species of Heliconia schiedeana were incorporated as an outgroup. The phylogenetic analysis was conducted using the Maximum Likelihood (ML) algorithm in MEGA 11 application. The size of PCR-amplified matK is estimated at 540-561 bp. It showed high variability with conservation level A+T, with an average value was 66.26%. Some unique nucleotides were found in Musa acuminata subsp. microcarpa, Musa campestris, and Musa borneensis. The matK sequences of Musa spp. have a polymorphic site on 23 nucleotide numbers. The phylogenetic analysis with ML algorithm of 30 Musa spp. from West Kalimantan and GenBank data was successfully divided into two main cladesbootstrap value. Our study showed that matK genes are able to describe the differences in M. acuminata, M. campestris, and M. borneensis in West Kalimantan. This study will benefit taxonomic, genetic conservation strategy, and banana breeding efforts. It will provide valuable insights and tools for these fields, thereby contributing to the conservation and breeding of bananas.
Phytoplankton community structure in PB. Soedirman Reservoir, Banjarnegara District, Central Java, Indonesia SESILIA RANI SAMUDRA; SULTON FASYA ISLAMI; DYAHRURI SANJAYASARI; ABDUL MALIK FIRDAUS; ADINDA KURNIA PUTRI; NABELA FIKRIYYA; AHMAD NAUFAL ATTAQI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 5 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250534

Abstract

Abstract. Samudra SR, Islami SF, Sanjayasari D, Firdaus AM, Putri AK, Fikriyya N, Attaqi AN. 2024. Phytoplankton community structure in PB. Soedirman Reservoir, Banjarnegara District, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 2161-2169. Panglima Besar (PB) Soedirman Reservoir (formerly known as Mrica Reservoir), located in Central Java, faces ecological pollution due to organic materials from anthropogenic activities. Monitoring reservoir conditions, comprising physical, chemical, and biological parameters, is important for management. In this context, phytoplankton is a biological parameter that can be used to monitor water conditions. Therefore, this study aimed to observe phytoplankton community structure in PB. Soedirman Reservoir, Banjarnegara District, about the abundance, diversity, and dominance index. Sampling was conducted in July and August 2023 at five stations: the inlet, water around, and those free from floating net cages, ponds, and outlet channels. Data analysis included phytoplankton abundance, Shannon Wiener diversity index (H'), and Simpson dominance index (C). The results showed that the number of phytoplankton genera found was 27, with the average abundance in July being 7,083 cells.L-1, and the most abundant class was Bacillariophyceae (54%). The average abundance in August was 59,574 cells.L-1, the most abundant class being Bacillariophyceae (82%). Additionally, the diversity index (H') value ranged from 1.23-2.07 with the moderate pollution category. The dominance index (C) ranged from 0.16-0.33, showing no species dominated.

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