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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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The Mien people's ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plant use in Thailand and Vietnam PRATEEP PANYADEE; WITTAYA PONGAMORNKUL; TRAN VAN ON; NGHIEM DUC TRONG; PHAM THI LINH GIANG; LE THIEN KIM; ANGKHANA INTA; PANEE SIRISA-ARD; SUNEE CHANSAKAOW
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250110

Abstract

Abstract. Panyadee P, Pongamornkul W, Van On T, Trong ND, Giang PTL, Kim LT, Inta A, Sirisa-Ard P, Chansakaow S. 2024. The Mien people's ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plant use in Thailand and Vietnam. Biodiversitas 25: 79-96. This study investigates the ethnomedicinal practices of the Mien people in Thailand and Vietnam, focusing on the diversity of medicinal plant usage and its implications for healthcare and traditional knowledge conservation. Through semi-structured interviews with key informants during transect walks in local forests and home gardens, data on 199 medicinal plant species were gathered, including vernacular names, plant parts used, preparation, and usage methods. Analysis revealed a significant use of these species, with 41 utilized for various health purposes in both countries, treating ailments related to reproductive systems (45 species), body strengthening (29 species), and the digestive system (21 species). In ethnobotanical practices, there were distinct preferences for plant parts. In Thailand, stems (29%), leaves (26%), whole plants (18%), and roots (14%) were predominantly used, while in Vietnam, leaves (29%), stems (24%), whole plants (19%), and roots (11%) were more common. A Spearman's rank correlation showed a strong positive correlation (0.77, p <0.001) between these preferences in both countries. The study documented 81 ailments across 23 health categories. Thailand reported 45 ailments in 20 categories, and Vietnam 67 in 19 categories. Reproductive health, musculoskeletal health, and body wellness strengthening were pivotal, with strong correlations in healthcare practices between the countries (correlation 0.75, p <0.001). Reproductive Health mainly involved postpartum treatment, Musculoskeletal Health focused on pain relief and rheumatism treatments, and Body Wellness Strengthening used plants as tonics and for relaxation. This research underscores the importance of preserving traditional knowledge and the potential of traditional medicine in rural healthcare. It also highlights the scope and focus of the Mien communities' healthcare practices, providing valuable insights for future research and drug development.
Conserving dipterocarps biodiversity in remnant forests of small islands in Batam Island, Indonesia ARIDA SUSILOWATI; KESUMA WIJAYA; MAWAZIN MAWAZIN; HENTI HENDALASTUTI RACHMAT; YUNITA LISMAYATI; HERI KURNIAWAN; IDA MALLIA GINTING
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250232

Abstract

Abstract. Susilowati A, Wijaya K, Mawazin, Rachmat HH, Lismayati Y, Kurniawan H, Ginting IM. 2024. Conserving dipterocarps biodiversity in remnant forests of small islands in Batam Island, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 726-733. The protected forest of Sei Harapan is a remnant forest in Batam Island, the Riau Islands Province, Indonesia and one of the keruing (Dipterocarpus spp.) habitats on Sumatra Island. Illegal logging for its wood and land degradation have significantly reduced the keruing population. The objective of this research was to assess the diversity of keruing species and floristic composition in the Sei Harapan Protected Forest. This study employed a vegetation analysis method using purposive sampling with plotted lines and the transect placement based on the keruing position. The research revealed more than 70 species, three of which were Dipterocarpaceae species, including Vatica pauciflora, Shorea curtisii, and Dipterocarpus rigidus. D. rigidus had the highest IVI at the sapling (52.80%) and pole (67.22%). However, D. rigidus ranked 13th in the seedling stage, with an IVI of 5.79%. The diversity index was high at the seedling stage (3.73), moderate at sapling (2.25), pole (2.76), and tree stage (2.89). The evenness index was high at all growth stages, with values of 0.94 (seedling), 0.98 (sapling), 0.91 (pole), and 0.81 (tree). The richness index at the seedling, pole, and tree stage were categorized as high, with values of 10.40, 5.39, and 7.09, respectively, whereas the richness index at the sapling stage was moderate at 3.51. The study finding pointed out that the existence of Sei Harapan remnant forest requires to be preserved considering its essential function for preserving high economic value tree species, especially Dipterocarp. The comprehensive conservation effort for dipterocarps species, is crucial considering the research findings revealed a problem of continuity of species regeneration and the emergence of new pioneer species as the consequence of anthropogenic disturbance.
Genetic diversity and cluster analysis of local pigmented rice from East and North Kalimantan, Indonesia based on quantitative and qualitative characters HAMIDAH HAMIDAH; WIDI SUNARYO; RUSDIANSYAH RUSDIANSYAH; NURHASANAH NURHASANAH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 5 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250510

Abstract

Abstract. Hamidah, Sunaryo W, Rusdiansyah, Nurhasanah. 2024. Genetic diversity and cluster analysis of local pigmented rice from East and North Kalimantan, Indonesia based on quantitative and qualitative characters. Biodiversitas 25: 1938-1945. Pigmented rice is a functional food containing antioxidants and various essential nutrients that are very beneficial for health. The substantial advantages of pigmented rice encourage the importance of research activities in exploring pigmented rice germplasms and further identifying unique and valuable traits for the development of superior rice varieties. This research aims to evaluate genetic diversity of pigmented rice based on quantitative and qualitative characters and examine their genetic relationship for future pigmented rice improvement strategies. Fifteen pigmented rice from East and North Kalimantan, Indonesia were used in this study. Nine quantitative and ten qualitative traits were observed and used to identify the genetic diversity of pigmented rice cultivars. The data then were used to group the pigmented rice based on their similarity degree using cluster analysis to form a phylogenetic tree hierarchically in a dendrogram. The results showed that there were large genetic differences based on quantitative and qualitative characters in the pigmented rice, showing a high genetic diversity either in brown or black rice cultivars. Based on the genetic relationships analysis, the fifteen pigmented rice cultivars were clustered in four groups with genetic similarity of ?90%. The genetic diversity and relationship in this study emphasize the crucial of revealing the genetic identity of local pigmented rice from East and North Kalimantan.
A comprehensive study on the occurrence rate and morphology characteristics of the acanthocephalan parasite in Javan spitting cobra (Naja sputatrix) in Sidoarjo, Indonesia RYANKA EDILA; MUSTOFA HELMI EFFENDI; LUCIA TRI SUWANTI; HYUCK-KEUN KWON; ADITYA YUDHANA; APRIL HARI WARDHANA; ANISA ALHADA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250210

Abstract

Abstract. Edila R, Effendi MH, Suwanti LT, Kwon H-K, Yudhana A, Wardhana AH, Alhada A. 2024. A comprehensive study on the occurrence rate and morphology characteristics of the acanthocephalan parasite in Javan spitting cobra (Naja sputatrix) in Sidoarjo, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 516-521. Javan spitting cobra (Naja sputatrix) are increasingly popular as pets worldwide and are often consumed by several communities in Indonesia. This trend needs attention from a public health perspective because it can potentially cause zoonotic diseases, including parasitic diseases. There is no comprehensive report on the prevalence of acanthocephalan parasite infection in Naja sputatrix. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the prevalence rate of acanthocephalan infection and provide a detailed description of the morphology and morphometry in N. sputatrix from Indonesia. Ethical approval was obtained, and a total of 51 living wild-caught Javan spitting cobra was collected from local sellers. All samples were euthanized and observed for the presence of acanthocephalan. The total prevalence was recorded at 47.05%. A total of 56 acanthocephalans were collected, which were divided into 11 (19.6%) infecting muscles, 28 (50%) in viscera, and 17 (30.3%) located in subcutaneous tissues. The body length and diameter were 25-41 mm and 1.31-1.5 mm, respectively, with a proboscis diameter of 0.61-0.74 mm with 3 anterior hooks and 5-6 posterior rootless spines. This study represents the first detailed exploration of acanthocephalan's prevalence, morphological features, and morphometry in snakes in Indonesia.
Effectiveness of Foeniculum vulgare leaf essential oil nanoemulsion as a natural insecticide against Aedes aegypti larvae and mosquitoes ARUM TRIYAS WARDANI; TRIANA KUSUMANINGSIH; AHMAD AINUROFIQ
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250311

Abstract

Abstract. Wardani AT, Kusumaningsih T, Ainurofiq A. 2024. Effectiveness of Foeniculum vulgare leaf essential oil nanoemulsion as a natural insecticide against Aedes aegypti larvae and mosquitoes. Biodiversitas 25: 990-997. The control of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) was by breaking the chain of transmission by controlling Aedes aegypti larvae and mosquitoes. One alternative to controlling mosquito larvae is to use natural materials because they are more environmentally friendly and do not cause harmful residual effects. This study used a Foeniculum vulgare Mill. (fennel) leaf as a natural insecticide to kill Ae. aegypti larvae and mosquitoes. Steam distillation was done to extract essential oils from the Foeniculum vulgare Mill. leaves. F. vulgare leaf essential oil was made as nanoemulsion with tween 80, PEG 400, essential oil, and aqua demineralized. GC-MS results showed that the main ingredients in F. vulgare. leaf essential oil were anethole, estragole, bicyclo[3.1.0]hex-2-ene, 4-methyl-1-(1-methyl ethyl)-,?-pinene, cyclohexene, 1-methyl-5-(1-methyl ethenyl)-, (R)-.The current study aimed to determine the effectiveness of an F. vulgare essential oil nanoemulsion as a larvicidal, adulticidal Ae.aegypti mosquito. The study results obtained LC50 values for each formula I, II, and III were 0.098, 0.317, 0.157 µL/mL, and LC90 values for each formula I, II, and III were 0.158, 0.416, 0.245 µL/mL. Fennel leaf essential oil nanoemulsion was tested on adult Ae. aegypti mosquitoes aged 3-5 days. The results of the study obtained LC50 values for each formula I, II, III were 7.768, 10.575, 5.069 g/m3, and LC90 values for each formula I, II, III were 15.191, 27.565, 8.892 g/m3. The difference in the effectiveness of each formula may be due to the large number of essential oils in the formula. F. vulgare leaf essential oil could be an environmentally friendly natural insecticide with less residual effect.
Community livelihood assets of forest village management in Nanga Lauk Village, Kapuas Hulu District, West Kalimantan, Indonesia EMI ROSLINDA; PEDRO SABATHINO; YOGI ANDITIYA PRATAMA; SUPRIADI SUPRIADI; JULIANA EVA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250225

Abstract

Abstract. Roslinda E, Sabathino P, Pratama YA, Supriadi, Eva J. 2024. Community livelihood assets of forest village management in Nanga Lauk Village, Kapuas Hulu District, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 664-672. Village forest is a community-based forest management scheme in the social forestry program. At the same time, the management of village forest is local village communities that fulfill their daily needs by utilizing existing natural resources. Nanga Lauk Village Forest Management has successfully carried out activities on the social forestry program. This study aims to explain the livelihood system of the Nanga Lauk Village community to meet the family's living needs in managing the village forest. The study was conducted using a survey method in Nanga Lauk Village, Kapuas Hulu District, West Kalimantan, Indonesia, and the community was used as informants. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews guided by a list of questions, documentation, and a review of supporting literature. Data analysis was carried out descriptively, qualitatively and by Pentagon asset analysis. The assets owned by the people of the Nanga Lauk Village are resources of human, natural, financial, social, and physical. Natural and physical resources are the main assets used by society to meet life's needs, followed by social, human, and financial. So, the strategy that can be implemented is a consolidation based on socio-economic status. Meanwhile, based on activities to increase income, the community can apply livelihood strategies in agricultural sectors because of abundant natural resources. Skill training is needed for the community because a low level of human assets will shape the mindset of farmers regarding their inability to do other work on the side which should be able to improve their standard of living.
Osmoregulation pattern, condition factor, and gonadal maturity level of sea urchins in the various ecosystems of Panjang Island, Jepara, Indonesia SURYANTI SURYANTI; SUTRISNO ANGGORO; CHURUN A’IN; NINIEK WIDYORINI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250208

Abstract

Abstract. Suryanti S, Anggoro S, A’in C, Widyorini N. 2024. Osmoregulation pattern, condition factor, and gonadal maturity level of sea urchins in the various ecosystems of Panjang Island, Jepara, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 502-509. Panjang Island has a diversity of ecosystems. It is also famous for its abundance of echinoids, especially sea urchins. Currently, research on sea urchins in Panjang Island is mostly limited to studies on the abundance and maturity of gonads. This study investigates the osmoregulation patterns, condition factors, and maturity indices of sea urchin gonads in different ecosystems that are sea urchin habitats on Panjang Island, Jepara, Indonesia. Sampling is done randomly, while the research method is a case study. The results showed that there are 2 species of sea urchins found on Panjang Island, namely Diadema setosum Leske, 1778 and Echinothrix calamaris Pallas, 1774. Analysis of osmoregulation patterns showed that sea urchins at station 1 were hyperconformers, while sea urchins at stations 2 and 3 were hypo-conformers. Sea urchins at 3 stations had a positive allometric growth pattern (b>3) and a high condition factor (K>1). The average Gonadosomatic Index (GI) calculation result was 8.72%, while the type of ecosystem of the research stations influenced the color and texture of different gonads. Sea urchins are in immature, mature, and spawning stages, so the sea urchins on Panjang Island were partially spawned.
The influence of different substrate types on the diversity of macrofouling organisms at the submerged coastal ecosystem of Karimunjawa Islands, Indonesia SAPTO PURNOMO PUTRO; MUHAMAD DAFIQ AL HAQI; FUAD MUHAMMAD; RICHE HARIYATI; M. HELMI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 8 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250810

Abstract

Abstract. Putro SP, Haqi MDA, Muhammad F, Hariyati R, Helmi M. 2024. The influence of different substrate types on the diversity of macrofouling organisms at the submerged coastal ecosystem of Karimunjawa Islands, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 3394-3400. Colonizing fouling organisms exhibit taxonomic diversity and distribution in response to environmental variability of the submerged marine ecosystem. This study compares macrofouling organisms found on various substrate types at Menjangan Besar Island, Karimunjawa, Central Java, Indonesia which were varied from coarse to smooth surfaces in the water column. The consisted of High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) cage framework (3 stations) and lower part of a wooden ship hull are the smooth ones (3 stations), and concrete block at the Menjangan Besar Island dock is the coarse ones (3 stations). Sampling of macrofouling organisms was collected from the substrate within 0.25 m2 area at each station with the purposive random sampling method. Identification of macrofouling organisms was done under Canon MZ25 stereomicroscope. We identified 15 species from 7 classes from Menjangan Besar Island. The most dominant species on concrete blocks was Septifer sp. (96 ind.m-2), on the ship’s hull was Littoraria sp. (416 ind.m-2), and on the cage framework was Crassostrea angulata Thunberg 1793 (240 ind.m-2). The diversity index (H’) of fouling organisms ranged from 0.69 to 1.82, while the evenness index (e) ranged from 0.25 to 0.67, and the dominance index (C) ranged from 0.24 to 0.51. Differences in index values are likely due to factors related to food source distribution and substrate types. Salinity, temperature, and turbidity were the physical-chemical water parameters significantly affecting fouling organism distribution (BIO-ENV, Primer 6.1.5; Corr. value (r)=0.722). Anthropogenic activities such as aquaculture, fishing and tourism in the area are suspected to influence hydrodynamic changes, subsequently affecting the fouling organism attachment and colonization processes, especially organic matter generated from marine culture activities.
Phenotypic performance of Srikayang's shallot variety M1 by colchicine induction ANNISA ADELIA NUR RAHMAWATI; NANDARIYAH NANDARIYAH; PARJANTO PARJANTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250346

Abstract

Abstract. Rahmawati ADN, Nandariyah, Parjanto. 2024. Phenotypic performance of Srikayang's shallot variety M1 by colchicine induction. Biodiversitas 25: 1297-1303. Srikayang shallot is one of the shallot varieties from Kulonprogo Yogyakarta, and it has relatively small bulbs. Indonesian consumers prefer shallot, which has dense bulbs, is large (diameter ? 2.5 cm), has a spicy taste, and is fragrant. The efforts to increase shallot's diversity are important. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of Srikayang shallot M1 and evaluate Lethal Doses (LD50) of colchicine. This research was conducted from September to November 2023 at Balecatur Planting Garden, Yogyakarta. Srikayang shallot bulbs were used, and colchicine concentration consisted of 0%, 0.05%, 0.075%, and 0.1%, with a soaking period of 3, 6, and 12 hours. The study was conducted using a randomized block design (RBD). Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and probit analysis. The colchicine concentration and soaking duration affected the morphological character of Srikayang plants in leaf color, bulb skin color, bulb shape, bulb neck shape, and root tip shape. This study showed that the interaction of colchicine concentration and soaking duration improved variability on plant height, number of leaves, number of saplings, bulb weight in the cluster, main bulb weight, and main bulb diameter. The LD50 of Srikayang shallots was obtained at a colchicine concentration of 0.065%.
Richness and community structure of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with quelites in the Sierra Sur region of Oaxaca, Mexico BETHSABE BELEM VILLAGÓMEZ-GONZÁLEZ; CELERINO ROBLES; SANTOS CARBALLAR-HERNANDEZ
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 4 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250425

Abstract

Abstract. Villagómez-González BB, Robles C, Carballar-Hernandez S. 2024. Richness and community structure of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with quelites in the Sierra Sur region of Oaxaca, Mexico. Biodiversitas 25: xxxx. Wild plant species that are collected and consumed by local populations are called “quelites”. In Mexico, and particularly in the state of Oaxaca, the culture of collecting and consuming quelites is widely preserved. The interactions of wild plants with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) promote the successful establishment of plants in ecosystems and allow their survival. The aim of this work was to characterize the richness, diversity, and population structure of mycorrhizal interaction in five species of quelites. The structure of AMF communities was different among the five quelite species. A total of 42 AMF morphospecies grouped into five families and 12 genera were identified. The composition of AMF communities in the five species of quelites studied was significantly different. The Acaulosporaceae family recorded the highest number of morphospecies (42% of the total), followed by the Glomeraceae and Ambisporaceae families (33 and 9.5% respectively). Funneliformis geosporum and Claroideoglomus claroideum were the predominant AMF morphospecies. The AMF communities with greater diversity and equity indexes were recorded in the quelites Alloispermum sp. and Solanum americanum. The Jaccard similarity index separates quelite species into three groups, since the composition of AMF species was significantly different between these groups. The pH and available phosphorus of the soil affected the distribution and abundance of AMF species associated with the plant species studied.

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