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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
 498   499   500   501   502 
Assess the level of damage to the coral reef ecosystem based on substrate coverage on Bira Island, Kepulauan Seribu, Indonesia RATNA KOMALA; MOHAMMAD ISNIN NOER; MIEKE MIARSYAH; DWI SUNU WIDYARTINI; HANDAYANI HANDAYANI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250309

Abstract

Abstract. Komala R, Noer MI, Miarsyah M, Widyartini DS, Handayani. 2024. Assess the level of damage to the coral reef ecosystem based on substrate coverage on Bira Island, Kepulauan Seribu, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 971-977. Coral reefs are coastal ecosystems that have an important ecological and economic role. Environmental pressures cause damage to ecosystems and decrease coral biodiversity. This study aims to analyze the level of damage to coral reef ecosystems based on substrate cover and obtain the latest information on coral reef ecosystem resources. The study employs a descriptive method with a survey design, utilizing Underwater Photo Transect (UPT) sampling at various depths along the coastline. The data is analyzed using Coral Point Count with Excel extension (CPCe) for substrate cover percentage and the Shannon-Wienner index for coral diversity. The findings reveal nine categories of basic substrate cover, with living hard corals constituting 32.51%, indicating a fairly damaged state. Coral resources are identified across 53 genera and 15 families, exhibiting medium diversity across stations and depths. The study highlights the need to monitor environmental threats that could further damage coral reefs and decrease diversity. The coral reef ecosystem in Bira Island is in a relatively damaged condition, with a decline in coral biodiversity, indicating an imbalance in the ecosystem. Several recommended steps include implementing coral restoration programs, monitoring coral growth, establishing critical coral habitat protection zones, and conducting conservation efforts.
Short Communication: Utilization of wild plants in medicinal foods for maternal postpartum recovery among the Kasepuhan in rural West Java, Indonesia DedeMULYANTO MULYANTO; RIMBO GUNAWAN; SAIFULLAH ZAKARIA; JOHAN ISKANDAR; ATIEK ROSTIKA NOVIYANTI; BUDIWATI SUPANGKAT ISKANDAR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250204

Abstract

Abstract. Mulyanto, Gunawan R, Zakaria S, Iskandar J, Noviyanti AR, Iskandar BS. 2024. Short Communication: Utilization of wild plants in medicinal foods for maternal postpartum recovery among the Kasepuhan in rural West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 465-473. Puerperium is a critical phase. Barriers to access and resource constraints often hinder Indigenous and local communities, resulting in frequently relying on traditional forms of postpartum care, including the utilization of wild plants from surrounding areas. Snowball sampling was utilized to recognize informants who were considered specialists in perinatal care and medicinal foods for maternal postpartum recovery. In-depth and semi-structured interviews were undertaken to gather ethnobotanical data on medicinal foods specially made for maternal postpartum recovery and the utilization of wild plants in their preparation and other therapeutic applications. Collected information included medicinal foods, vernacular names of the plants, plant cultivation status, utilized parts, preparation, and method of administration. Descriptive data was analyzed using ethnobotanical indices. Six different medicinal foods, traditionally consumed by mothers to aid postpartum recovery, were identified. A total of 83 species belonging to 34 families were utilized for respective applications. Out of these 83 species, 41 (49.4%) were classified as wild plants. Arenga pinnata (Wurmb) Merr., Blumea balsamifera (L.) DC., Chloranthus erectus (Buch.-Ham.) Sweet, Coleus scutellarioides (L.) Benth., and Parkia timoriana (DC.) Merr. are wild plants with the highest CVI, and are also used to treat fevers in the study area. Investigations have reported that the bioactive components of these wild plants possess potent analgesic, antioxidant, anti-nociceptive, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, and gastroprotective properties. It can be concluded that wild plants hold a significant place in the local knowledge system related to maternal postpartum recovery and other therapeutic uses. Additionally, the practices and acquisition of knowledge for medicinal food preparation are traditionally considered the domain of females.
Population study of long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis) on Deli Island, Banten, Indonesia YULI S. FITRIANA; EKO SULISTYADI; RIZKI KURNIA TOHIR; MHD MUHAJIR HASIBUAN; FARID RIFAIE; IBNU MARYANTO; ARIE MULIA LUBIS; M. FAJRUR RIFQI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250114

Abstract

Abstract. Fitriana YS, Sulistyadi E, Tohir RK, Hasibuan MM, Rifaie F, Maryanto I, Lubis AM, Rifqi MF. 2024. Population study of long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis) on Deli Island, Banten, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 144-150. Understanding the distribution and population dynamics of primate species is essential for practical conservation efforts. However, such information is often unavailable, even for species whose populations appear abundant. The long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis Raffles, 1821) is a species with a wide range in Southeast Asia, including Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, Bali, Lombok, and Lesser Sunda in Indonesia. However, comprehensive data on population density across its Indonesian distribution area still needs to be improved. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a thorough survey and study to estimate the population density of long-tailed macaques on Deli Island, located in Banten Province. Long-tailed macaques were introduced to Deli Island between 1989 and 1990 with a total of 1000 males and 10,000 females. To date, a total of 9,500 individuals have been harvested from this island in the period 1991-2010. We employed the line transect distance sampling (LTDS) method with a perpendicular distance approach that covered all habitat types throughout the island. Our findings revealed that the population density of long-tailed macaques on Deli Island is approximately five individuals per hectare, with an estimated total population of 4,860. The data pertaining to age structure and sex ratio is notably limited, primarily due to challenges in identification caused by dense vegetation. To address these limitations and acquire a more comprehensive understanding, additional research is essential for the accurate determination of the age structure and sex ratio on the island. Our study provides crucial baseline data for conserving this species. We recommend implementing a systematic survey encompassing the entire distribution range of the long-tailed macaque across Indonesia. Such an initiative will be instrumental in assessing its threat status and laying out a comprehensive plan for conservation efforts.
Yeasts isolated from bovine rumen selected to degrade lignocellulosic roughage EDUARDO ROBSON DUARTE; SABRINA MIRANDA LIMA; JULIANE COSTA NERE; CLAUDIO EDUARDO SILVA FREITAS; HIGOR ALEXANDRE RODRIGUES MAIA; ALINE DANIELA LOPES JÚLIO; FLÁVIA OLIVEIRA ABRÃO; JANETE MARIA SILVA ALVES; VERA LÚCIA DOS SANTOS; LUCIANA CASTRO GERASEEV; JÚNIO COTA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250331

Abstract

Abstract. Duarte ER, Lima SM, Nere JC, Freitas CES, Maia HAR, Júlio ADL, Abrão FO, Alves JMS, Santos VLD, Geraseev LC, Cota J. 2024. Yeasts isolated from bovine rumen selected to degrade lignocellulosic roughage. Biodiversitas 25: 1159-1166. Commercial yeast strains are viable alternatives to chemical additives in ruminants; however, they are not self to the rumen ecosystem. The present study was conducted to compare the degradation of Urochloa decumbens (Stapf) R.D.Webster (UD) hay and sugarcane bagasse (SB) by eight selected yeast strains, naturally present in the rumen cows and control without microorganisms. Eight yeast isolates that showed >6 log CFU per mL of ruminal fluid were selected and identified as four Pichia kudriavzevii isolates, three Rhodotorula mucilaginosa isolates and one Candida tropicalis isolate, according to their morphological and physiological characteristics and by analyses of the D1 - D2 variable domain sequences of the 28S rRNA gene. The strain V5 (R. mucilaginosa) showed higher cell biomass production than other strains of this species in fermentations with UD (P<0.05). Two isolates of Pichia kudriavzevii (V10 and V62) and one of R. mucilaginosa (V5) promoted a higher reduction of dry matter (DM) of UD than other yeast. The strain V5 was also the most efficient to reduce DM of SB (P <0.05). These selected yeasts could represent a potential alternative for use in animal diets and for industrial applications.
Genetic potential of Kazakh White-headed and Hereford breeds for beef production in Purebred farms and crossbreeding ROZA IBRAYEVA; KUAT NURGAZY; KALIYA SATIYEVA; GULZAT GABIT; ORYNGUL MUKHAMETZHANOVA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260224

Abstract

Abstract. Ibrayeva R, Nurgazy K, Satiyeva K, Gabit G, Mukhametzhanova O. 2025. Genetic potential of Kazakh White-headed and Hereford breeds for beef production in Purebred farms and crossbreeding. Biodiversitas 26: 761-769. Kazakhstan is experiencing essential growth in the livestock sector, with the production of environmentally friendly products serving as a key competitive advantage for the nation. Our study analyzed the meat productivity indices of the Kazakh White-headed and Hereford breeds, along with their hybrids. The investigation focused on assessing the meat quality of Kazakh White-headed and Hereford bulls in different genotype combinations by comparing key meat productivity indices. The meat from the controlled slaughter of test bulls complied with Category I requirements. Carcass weights of Hereford bulls surpassed those of the Kazakh White-headed breed by 42.9 kg (18.1%, P?0.05) and exceeded those of crossbreed bulls by 9.0 kg (3.3%, P?0.05). The Kazakh White-headed breed demonstrated a higher yield of internal fat: internal fat yield varied on average from 2.5% to 3.2% (15 month aged bulls) that depended on the breed: Kazakh White-headed ?3.2%, Hereford ?2.5%, and crossed bulls ? of 2.7%. However, in terms of flesh content, Kazakh White-headed bulls were 43.2 kg (22.5%, P?0.05) lighter than Hereford bulls, and crossbreed bulls were 8.1 kg (3.6%, P?0.05) lighter. In analyzing flesh yield, Kazakh White-headed bulls fell short by 2.4 kg (2.9%) compared to Hereford bulls, which were marginally lower by 0.1 kg (0.1%) compared to crossbreed bulls of the same age. The protein-fat ratio was determined to be 1:0.65 in Kazakh White-headed bulls and 1:0.64 in both Hereford and crossbreed bulls. Profitability was 22% for the Kazakh White-headed breed, 43% for the Hereford breed, and 39% for the crosses of the White-headed and Hereford breeds.
Detection of Legionella pneumophila bacteria from water sources in Palembang City, Indonesia RADINAL KAUTSAR; SHIFA FAUZIYAH; FEBRIANA AQUARESTA; ALICIA MARGARETTA WIDYA; NUR SAMSYATUL FAJAR; MAMIK DAMAYANTI; TEGUH HARI SUCIPTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 4 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250417

Abstract

Abstract. Kautsar R, Fauziyah S, Aquaresta F, Widya AM, Fajar NS, Damayanti M, Sucipto TH. 2024. Detection of Legionella pneumophila bacteria from water sources in Palembang City, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 1499-1504. Legionella is a pathogenic bacterial genus that causes legionellosis. This bacteria is a gram-negative bacteria which is often found in warm and humid aquatic environments. Legionella spp. infection occurs due to inhalation of aerosols contaminated with Legionella spp. Until now, legionellosis is still a crucial public health problem in the world. Therefore, it is necessary to take preventive measures to detect the presence of Legionella spp. as early as possible. This study aimed to detect the presence of Legionella pneumophila from well water samples and drinking water sources in Palembang City using the Nested PCR method. The primers used in this study are specific primers that amplify the mip gene. The PCR amplification results showed that 2 of the 22 samples were positively contaminated with L. pneumophila. These positive samples came from well water and drinking water samples. Based on physical parameters, all samples are still safe for consumption because they have a normal temperature, are odorless and clear. Meanwhile, based on chemical parameters, the pH of all samples is still safe for consumption because it is still below the maximum threshold.
The diversity of Sargassum spp. from the south coast of Yogyakarta, Indonesia, based on morphological characters and DNA Barcoding ITS2 nrDNA MEGA TRI SARASWATI; RATIH IDA ADHARINI; EKO HARDIANTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 8 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250846

Abstract

Abstract. Saraswati M, Adharini RI, Hardianto E. 2024. The diversity of Sargassum spp. from the south coast of Yogyakarta, Indonesia, based on morphological characters and DNA Barcoding ITS2 nrDNA. Biodiversitas 25: 2733-2739. The genus Sargassum grows abundantly on the south coast of Yogyakarta, but diversity of species in the genus has not been reported. This research aimed to determine the diversity of the genus Sargassum based on morphological characters and molecular analysis. Several samples were collected from two beaches on the south coast of Yogyakarta, namely Trenggole and Wediombo Beach. After observing the morphological characters, five individuals that have morphological differences were found and continued for molecular identification. The morphological analysis showed a characteristic of greenish-brown color, clear phylloids with serrated edges, and rounded vesicles. The results of DNA barcoding identification of Sargassum in Trenggole Beach were highly similar at 99.67% to Sargassum aquifolium (Turner) C.Agardh (MG731834.1), 99.68% to Sargassum yinggehaiense Tseng and Lu (KP101256.1), and 98.99% to Sargassum polycystum C.Agardh (MG731836.1). Whereas at Wediombo Beach were highly similar at 99.68% to S. yinggehaiense (KP101256.1) and 99.67% to S. aquifolium (MG731834.1). Based on phylogenetic analysis, the species were separated impacting the biodiversity of the genus Sargassum in the south coast of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Environmental factors might influence the morphotype, biodiversity, genetic diversity, and distribution of Sargassum spp. The results described herein provide a foundation for developing better conservation strategies for the target species in the future.
Ant communities and their trophobionts shape the incidence of pests and diseases in Indonesia’s coffee agroforestry system FAIZ NASHIRUDDIN MUHAMMAD; AKHMAD RIZALI; BAMBANG TRI RAHARDJO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250327

Abstract

Abstract. Muhammad FN, Rizali A, Rahardjo BT. 2024. Ant communities and their trophobionts shape the incidence of pests and diseases in Indonesia’s coffee agroforestry system. Biodiversitas 25: 1127-1134. Ants play various roles in a coffee agroecosystem, and their presence may impact biological control in coffee plantations. Despite the pantropical economic importance of coffee, most research is focused on the Americas. This study investigates how ant communities and their trophobionts shape the incidences of pests and diseases in the Indonesian shade coffee agroecosystem. Three 30 m x 30 m plots consisting of a total of 256 coffee plants were observed from January to March 2022. Ant communities and their trophobiont were observed using three methods: visual, tuna bait, and live bait. The ants found were classified into dominant and non-dominant based on their nesting behavior and dominance in the bait trap. Pest damage and disease intensity observation were also conducted three times. Generalized linear models were used to test the relationships between ant, hemipteran, coffee berry borer, twig borer damage and leaf rust disease intensity. Twenty-one species of ants were found, and five of them were categorized as dominant ants. Ants correlate coffee pest damage and disease intensity, their hemipteran trophobionts, or both. Dolichoderus thoracicus ant positively correlated with all trophobiont hemipteran and negatively correlated with twig borer damage. Technomyrmex albipes positively correlated with aphids but negatively with flatids. Meanwhile, Tetraponera sp.1 ant only positively correlated with flatids. In trophobiont hemipteran group, all except aphids positively correlated with coffee pests and disease. Scale insect Coccus viridis positively correlated with coffee leaf rust and twig borer infestation intensity, while flatid presence even positively correlated with all coffee plant pest and disease intensity. Indirectly, ants may reduce coffee pests and diseases through hemipteran suppression. The results suggest that the interaction of ants and their trophobiont hemipteran can act as a biological control agent for coffee pests and diseases.
Current status of research on Aleurodicus dugesii (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) on dutch eggplant KETUT AYU YULIADHI; LISTIHANI LISTIHANI; DEWA GEDE WIRYANGGA SELANGGA; I PUTU SUDIARTA; GUSTI NGURAH ALIT SUSANTA WIRYA; I GEDE RAI MAYA TEMAJA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 5 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250542

Abstract

Abstract. Yuliadhi KA, Listihani L, Selangga DGW, Sudiarta IP, Wirya GNAS, Temaja IGRM. 2024. Current status of research on Aleurodicus dugesii (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) on dutch eggplant. Biodiversitas 25: 2241-2248. Aleurodicus dugesii Cockerell whitefly is considered to be a polyphagous insect which can parasitise a wide variety of hosts. Horticultural crops are the commodity most dominantly attacked by A. dugesii. Information on population density, damage severity, and genetic diversity of A. dugesii in Indonesia is still limited. This research aimed to determine the population density, the damage severity, and the genetic variety of A. dugesii at an eggplant cultivating center in Kintamani District, Bangli, Bali. The research was conducted on 8 plantations in Kintamani District. The A. dugesii was identified through morphology and molecular method of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Aleurodicus dugesii egg placement characteristics are circular, following the wax path formed, and at the underside of the leaf, there would be soft, long wax filament resembling a beard produced during the nymph stage. The highest A. dugesii whitefly population in duct eggplant crops during nymph, pupae, and imago stages were 184.6, 131.3, and 152.2 individuals per leaf. In Kintamani District, the highest damage severity reached 62%. The highest nucleotide homology of A. dugesii DNA cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) was found in the same species from Indonesia and the US, with >97% resemblance. This research enriches the information about the widening A. dugesii distribution area in Indonesia.
Insects found in different ages of coconut viridis variety in Sri Tiga Village, Banyuasin District, South Sumatra, Indonesia ERISE ANGGRAINI; TESSIA MASNITA SINAGA; CHANDRA IRSAN; SITI HERLINDA; AHMAD MUSLIM; HARMAN HAMIDSON; MARLIN SEFRILA; ASTUTI KURNIANINGSIH; DESI ARYANI; MIRZA ANTONI; ZAHLUL IKHSAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 8 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250836

Abstract

Abstract. Anggraini E, Sinaga TM, Irsan C, Herlinda S, Muslim A, Hamidson H, Sefrila M, Kurnianingsih A, Aryani D, Antoni M, Ikhsan Z. 2024. Insects found in different ages of coconut viridis variety in Sri Tiga Village, Banyuasin District, South Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 2637-2647. Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) is a high-value export commodity and has promising potential on the global market. The existence of insect species is very important in coconut cultivation. The coexistence of insects and plants is interconnected because plants provide habitat and food sources for insects. However, the correlation between plants and insects still needs to be discovered to many people. Therefore, a comprehensive assessment of insect biodiversity in an environment is important to be carried out. This study revealed the structure of the insect community associated with coconut plants and weeds around coconut trees. Therefore, this is a novel and pioneering study that aims to determine the insects associated with coconut plants. This study was conducted by surveying community-owned coconut plantations in Sri Tiga Village, Sumber Marga Telang Sub-district, Banyuasin District, South Sumatera, Indonesia. The observation was carried out during July and September of 2023. The data-gathering process involved identifying three coconut plantations with varying ages of coconut trees (8, 5, and 2 years old). Data collection was carried out using the purposive sampling method by direct observations and using traps such as insect nets, light traps, and pheromone traps. Collected specimens were identified using a microscope in the Laboratory of Entomology, Department of Plant Pests and Disease, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sriwijaya. The results of this study found 12 insect species in coconut trees, namely Oryctes rhinoceros Linnaeus 1758, Aspidiotus sp., Nipaecoccus nipae Maskell 1893, Aleurocanthus sp., Apis cerana Fabricius 1793, Cotesia congregata Say 1836, Dolichoderus thoracicus Smith 1860, Oecophylla smaragdina Fabricus 1775, Provespa sp., Pteroma pendula de Joannis 1929, Metura sp., Metisa plana Walker 1883. The predominant insect pests identified were Aspidiotus sp., N. nipae, and Aleurocanthus sp. Furthermore, the most predominant insects that served as insect scavengers were Polyrhachis sp. and O. smaragdina. Meanwhile, in the weeds around coconut trees, there were found six insect species, namely Aulacophora lewisii Baly 1866, Eumorphus westwoodi Guérin 1858, Mactrotermes sp., Conocephalus sp., Dianemobius sp., and Tettigidea sp.

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