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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Conflict between humans and leopards (Panthera pardus melas Cuvier, 1809) in Western Java, Indonesia HENDRA GUNAWAN; SOFIAN ISKANDAR; VIVIN S. SIHOMBING,; ROBBY WIENANTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 2 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180229

Abstract

Gunawan H, Iskandar S, Sihombing VS, Wienanto R. 2017. Conflict between humans and leopards (Panthera pardus melas Cuvier, 1809) in Western Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 652-658. Conflict between the Javan leopard (Panthera pardus melas Cuvier, 1809) and humans occupying the same region have tended to increase in the last decade in proportion to increase in deforestation followed by fragmentation and habitat loss. The objectives of this research were to study the leopard-human conflict and to analyze the causes in order to formulate recommendations for mitigation. Literature study, structured interviews, and field surveys were carried out to collect data on leopard-human conflict. Spatial modeling using weighted overlays generated a map of conflict potential in Western Java. The results showed that in the last 15 years 71 cases of leopard-human conflict had been recorded, with a tendency to increase over time. There have been 75 records of occurrence of the Javan leopard population in Western Java, of which 30% are assessed to have had a high potential for conflict; 25% had moderate potential, and 46% had low potential. There are indications that leopard-human conflict has occurred in villages around degraded forest areas due to human encroachment and cultivation. Consequently, a special forest management strategy must be implemented on a landscape scale, crossing the boundaries of conservation forest, productive forest, protected forest and other land uses.
Dynamics of mangrove community in revegetation area of Karangsong, north coast of Indramayu District, West Java, Indonesia HENDRA GUNAWAN; SUGIARTI SUGIARTI; SOFIAN ISKANDAR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 2 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180230

Abstract

Gunawan H, Sugiarti, Iskandar S. 2017. Dynamics of mangrove community in revegetation area of Karangsong, north coast of Indramayu District, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 659-665. Mangrove along the north coast of Java is heavily degraded due to the conversion of land into fish ponds and human settlement areas. A revegetation program has been initiated by the local community of Karangsong Village, Indramayu District, West Java, Indonesia, supported by PT. Pertamina RU VI Indramayu. Our research aimed to study the population dynamics of the mangrove revegetation in Karangsong. Secondary data was collected from the Fishery and Maritime Services of Indramayu and PT. Pertamina. We carried out on-location field observations and we interviewed key respondents. Data was analyzed to describe trends in the diversity index and population dynamics of the mangrove. It was observed that the revegetation effort in the shoreline of Karangsong had covered ± 69.08 hectares which consisting of six species of mangrove and three tree species of coastal vegetation i.e. Rhizophora mucronata Lam., Rhizophora stylosa Griff., Rhizophora apiculata Blume, Avicennia marina (Forssk.) Vierh., Avicennia alba Blume, Sonneratia caseolaris (L.) Engl, Terminalia catappa L., Casuarina equisetifolia L., and Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. The mangrove population increased dramatically, from estimated 25,000 individuals in 2008 to 690,835 individuals in 2016. Rhizophora mucronata was the most dominant species (68.85%), followed by Rhizophora stylosa (18.33%) and Rhizophora apiculata (9.53%). The Shannon diversity index was fluctuated but tend to be increased from 0.80 to 0.95.
Natural woody species biodiversity after Cypress (Cupressus sempervirens var. horizontalis) reforestation in Hyrcanian Forest, North of Iran LEILA VATANI; SEYED MOSEH HOSSEINI; MOSLEM AKBARINIA; SAEED SHAMSI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 2 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180232

Abstract

Vatani L, Hosseini SM, Akbarinia M, Shamsi S. 2017. Natural woody species biodiversity after Cypress (Cupressus sempervirens var. horizontalis) reforestation in Hyrcanian Forest, North Iran. Biodiversitas 18: 689-695. The present study was conducted to investigate the impact of Cypress (Cupressus sempervirens var. horizontalis) reforestation (15 years old ) on woody species diversity comparison natural Hyrcanian forests. 9 sample plots with 20 × 20m area were taken in each stand by a random systemic statistical method and also control area, then natural regeneration number of woody species were measured. Shannon-Wiener for diversity index, Mechanic for richness index and Simpson for evenness index were calculated to evaluate species biodiversity, using Ecological Methodology and SPSS software. The results showed that sixteen tree and shrub species were appeared in Cypress understory naturally, that some of the species were rare. There was no significant difference between the diversity and richness index obtained for Cypress reforestation and natural forest. Regarding the rate of evenness, only in one area was found a significant difference was observed between Cypress reforestation and natural forest that in reforestation was more than natural forest (p<0.05). Regarding the results obtained on the study, Cypress reforestation did not reduce the woody plant biodiversity until the age of fifteen years old and findings of this investigation suggested that the conditions under the Cypress canopy might be suitable for the presence of some woody species, 15 years after reforestation
Short Communication: Benthic macroinvertebrate diversity as biomonitoring of organic pollutions of river ecosystems in Central Java, Indonesia DWI NUGROHO WIBOWO; SETIJANTO SETIJANTO; SLAMET SANTOSO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 2 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180233

Abstract

Wibowo DN, Setijanto, Santoso S. 2017. Short Communication: Benthic macroinvertebrate diversity as biomonitoring of organic pollutions of river ecosystems in Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 671-676. Benthic macroinvertebrates are mainly aquatic insects that spend most of their lives in the freshwater ecosystems. The physical, chemical, and biological conditions of rivers have a direct influence towards aquatic insects (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera EPT) which make them good indicators of stream water quality. We examined the use of benthic macroinvertebrates diversity as a biomonitoring tool to assess organic pollution levels in three rivers in Purwokerto city during March to October 2011. Our objective was to test the sensitivity of benthic macroinvertebrates especially Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera (EPT) diversity to organic pollution levels reflected by biological oxygen demand (BOD) concentrations. A total of 27 sites with different BOD levels were surveyed in three different rivers (Logawa, Banjaran, and Pelus) during the period of March to October 2011. The results revealed no correlation of benthic macroinvertebrate diversity (EPT index) to BOD levels. It could be concluded that in the use of EPT index as bioindicators of waters condition, the number of samples, sampling time, and location should be considered.
Short Communication: Diversity and prevalence of ectoparasites associated with cultured fish from coal ponds in East Kalimantan, Indonesia GINA SAPTIANI; CATUR AGUS PEBRIANTO; AGUSTINA AGUSTINA; ESTI HANDAYANI HARDI; FIKRI ARDHANI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 2 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180231

Abstract

Saptiani G, Pebrianto CA, Agustina, Hardi EH, Ardhani F. 2017. Short Communication: Diversity and prevalence of ectoparasites associated with cultured fish from coal ponds in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 666-670. In East Kalimantan, coal pits are used for fish culture. The most fish species cultured in the coal ponds were carp and tilapia. The study aimed to identify ectoparasites types, diversity, and prevalence of fish cultured in coal ponds. Sampling was carried out between January and March 2016 on coal ponds in Kutai Kartanegara District, East Kalimantan. Samples were taken from two different coal ponds, but both coal ponds cultivated the same species of fish samples (carp and tilapia). The number of fish samples taken from coal ponds was 40 samples for each fish types in each location of coal ponds with the body weight of the fish samples between, 20-30 g. The preparation of parasite identification was conducted by taking every fish's external organ which was then scraped for microscopical preparation and observation. The identification of parasites was determined based on the morphological characteristics including the shape performances, specific spots and also the type of environment and habitat. The results showed that ectoparasites found in carp and tilapia cultured in coal ponds were Ichtyopthirius multifilis, Trichodina, Oodonium, Dactylogyrus, and Gyrodactylus, while Epistylis was only found in carp. The average percentage of ectoparasites prevalence in carp was from 30.00 to 59.17% with the attacked intensity was between 2.47 to 4.43 parasites/fish, while in tilapia was from 27.5 to 40.83% with the attacked intensity between 1.04 to 2.83 parasites/fish. The highest prevalence and intensity of parasite attacks was Trichodina in carp from a pond which has been used for a long time for fish culture. The prevalence and attacked intensity of ectoparasites on fish were higher in the longer use of coal ponds rather than those in new ponds.
Short Communication: Biocontrol activity of Phyllosphere fungi on mungbean leaves against Cercospora canescens SUMARTINI SUMARTINI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 2 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180240

Abstract

Sumartini. 2017. Short Communication: Biocontrol activity of Phyllosphere fungi on mungbean leaves against Cercospora canescens. Biodiversitas 18: 720-726. Examination of biocontrol activity of phyllosphere fungi on mungbean leaves against Cercospora canescens, a causal agent of mungbean leaf spot disease, was conducted during February-July 2016. Samples of symptomatic mungbean leaves were collected from several production areas in East and Central Java. Symptomatic leaves with leaf spot were collected randomly by detaching the symptomatic leaves and kept in a plastic bag for laboratory studies. Fungi associated with leaf spot were isolated using surface sterilized technique on PDA medium. In vitro and in vivo antagonism assay was carried out in the laboratory and greenhouse, respectively. Fungi associated with leaf spot on mungbeans such as Fusarium spp., Curvularia spp., Aspergillus flavus, and Nigrospora sp. were tested against C. canescens in the antagonism assay. Highest inhibition activity against C. canescens was found on Fusarium sp. 2 (KH-KJP-1B) (in vitro = 61%, in vivo = 19.63%) and Curvularia sp.1 (KH-JBG-B) (in vitro = 66%, in vivo = 16.46%).
Genetic diversity of Pongamia pinnata (Millettia pinnata, aka. malapari) populations in Java Island, Indonesia AAM AMINAH; SUPRIYANTO SUPRIYANTO; ANI SURYANI; ISKANDAR Z SIREGAR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 2 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180234

Abstract

Aminah A, Supriyanto, Suryani A, Siregar IZ. 2017. Genetic diversity of Pongamia pinnata (Millettia pinnata, aka. malapari) populations in Java Island, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 677-681. One of the promising tree species to be utilized as biodiesel legume in Indonesia is malapari (Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre). The tree grows naturally along the North and South Coasts of Java Island. Malapari is now subjected to an initial breeding program, but its population diversity in Indonesia is not known yet. The objective of this study was to estimate genetic diversity in Java Island, namely populations of Carita, Batukaras, Kebumen, Alas Purwo National Park and Baluran National Park. RAPD markers were used to study the genetic diversity using the following DNA primers: OPL-11, OPAH-15, OPAO-01, OPAB-14 and OPAH-13. Results showed that DNA fragment lengths ranged from 250 to 1000 bp with a variable number of polymorphic bands, ranging between 13-24. Based on these RAPD markers, the population in Baluran was considered as a potential diversity center of malapari in Java, whereas the population in Kebumen was found to have the lowest genetic diversity. In general, the average genetic diversity within an population was lower than that among the populations. Cluster analysis of genetic similarity in five malapari population resulted in separation into two main clusters, the first group consisted of four populations (i.e., Carita, Batukaras, Kebumen and Alas Purwo). The other cluster was only one population only, namely Baluran.
Coral larvae spreading based on oceanographic condition in Biawak Islands, West Java, Indonesia CANDRA A. FITRIADI; YAYAT DHAHIYAT; NOIR P. PURBA; SYAWALUDIN A. HARAHAP; DONNY J. PRIHADI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 2 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180235

Abstract

Fitriadi CA, Dhahiyat Y, Purba NP, Harahap SA, Prihadi DJ. 2017. Coral larvae recruitment based on oceanography condition in Biawak Islands, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 681-688. This research aimed to know the recruitment pattern of planula in the Biawak Island. The dispersion of planula and corals recruitment as an important factor to determine the distribution of the adult corals. The spawning and brooding are the beginning processes of planula dispersion. Dispersion factors are highly influenced by water environment factors. The main factor in planula dispersion is sea currents, wind, tide, and bathymetry. The circulation of sea currents on Biawak Islands waters is influenced by the tidal movement. The results of research showed that Biawak Islands waters have mixed tide prevailing semidiurnal type of tidal movement. Currents of Biawak Islands waters moved from the northern toward the southern with a range of speed between 0.045-0.075 m/s on northeast and south and for west and north range of speed of sea currents are between 0.015-0.195 m/s, the sea currents movement of Biawak Islands waters was dominated by tidal movement. Biawak Islands have varying wind speed, the most direction of wind moved to northwestern toward southeastern by predominance speed 4.8-7.2 m/s. The results of research showed that planula on the Biawak Island moved to northern and northeastern at high tide and then moved to southern and southeastern at a low ebb with the furthest movement of planula on the Biawak Island was 2.2 km. The furthest movement of planula on the Gosong Island was 1.66 km and planula dispersed to the east and west region of Gosong Island, on the Cendikia Island planula dispersed to northern and eastern with the furthest movement of planula on the Cendikia Island was 0.44 km. Based on the movement of planula can be concluded that source of coral reefs on the Gosong Island derived from the coral reefs on the Biawak Island.
Abundance of corn planthopper (Stenocranus pacificus) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) and the potential natural enemies in West Sumatra, Indonesia NOVRI NELLY; MY SYAHRAWATI; HASMIANDY HAMID
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 2 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180236

Abstract

Nelly N, Syahrawati M, Hamid H. 2017. Abundance of corn planthopper (Stenocranus pacificus) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) and the potential natural enemies in West Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 696-700. A study about the abundance of corn planthopper Stenocranus pacificus and diversity of it's potential natural enemies in West Sumatra, Indonesia was conducted from July until October 2016 in Pasaman Barat, Limapuluh Kota and Tanah Datar. The method was purposive random technique sampling. Sampling Stenocranus pacificus Kirkaldy (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) and it's potential natural enemies were collected by using a modified d-vac vacuum. The Identification was done based on morphological differences between species. The result showed that corn planthopper was found in all study location, as well as natural enemies could be found in the vegetative and generative phase of corn. The distribution pattern of corn planthopper, S. pacificus generally was aggregated, except on the vegetative phase in Pasaman Barat that classified as uniform. The natural enemies that found consist of two class (Insects and Arachnids) and three ordo (Hymenoptera, Coleoptera and Araneae). Diversity index (H) of natural enemies in Pasaman Barat is higher than Tanah Datar and Limapuluh Kota district. Evenness index at all study locations showed low value (E<1).
Herpetofauna community establishment on the micro habitat as a result of land mines fragmentation in East Kalimantan, Indonesia TEGUH MUSLIM
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 2 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180238

Abstract

Muslim T. 2017. Herpetofauna community establishment on the microhabitat as a result of land mines fragmentation in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 709-714. Herpetofauna community is established because of habitat suitability or adaptation process that forces a species to survive. In the mining region, herpetofauna habitat change has occurred. The loss of natural habitat and the creation of an artificial habitat result in severance of corridor as a connecting line between herpetofauna habitats so that only microhabitat remains. Microhabitats of herpetofauna survive on limited food resources. The process of surviving of herpetofauna in microhabitats is reflected on the phenomenon of the food chain i.e. reptiles act as predators (top) and amphibians are as preys and as insect predators (middle). In the mining area, an area with a source of water is the destination for all animals, especially herpetofauna, and it even becomes the microhabitat for certain species. The purpose of this study is to determine the species of herpetofauna, its communities and its domination on the water area its microhabitats within the mine area. The exploration is carried out by direct observation (visual encounter surveys). The survey location determination is done intentionally (purposive sampling) on the potential habitat in some locations of water sources, such as pit dam, settling pond, man-made lake (embung), rivers and swamps. Based on the similarity index, there are five species of herpetofauna dominating the life in microhabitats and playing role in the formation of food chain community. Enhydris enhydris and Dendrelaphis pictus are species of snake and act as predator of frog Fejervarya cancrivora and Polypedates leucomystax.

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