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Nusantara Bioscience
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 20873948     EISSN : 20873956     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci
Core Subject : Education,
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Aims and Scope Nusantara Bioscience (Nusantara Biosci) encourages submission of manuscripts dealing with all aspects of biological sciences that emphasize issues germane to biological and nature conservation.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 545 Documents
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Shoot multiplication of Pogostemon cablin var. Sidikalang and patchouli oil profile POPY HARTATIE HARDJO; DANNY PUTRA SENTOSA SUSANTO; WINA DIAN SAVITRI; MARIA GORETTI MARIANTI PURWANTO
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 11 No. 2 (2019)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n110202

Abstract

Abstract. Hardjo PH, Susanto DPS, Savitri WD, Purwanto MGM. 2019. Shoot multiplication of Pogostemon cablin var. Sidikalang and patchouli oil profile. Nusantara Bioscience 11: 123-127. Pogostemon cablin Benth. is a plant producing patchouli oil, which mostly consists of patchouli alcohol compound. Patchouli oil has great potentials in the world market because of its stability and high price. In this study, in vitro multiplication of Sidikalang variety of Acehnese patchouli shoots was done on solid and liquid Murashige & Skoog (MS) medium. This study aimed to determine the effect of cytokinins in various combinations of shoot multiplication and to compare the patchouli oil yield of in vitro and ex vitro culture. In vitro multiplication of Acehnese patchouli shoots by using solid MS medium with addition of 0.2 ppm benzyl aminopurine (BAP) and 0.2 ppm Kinetin resulted in shoot explants with an average growth index of 82.198 ± 0.690. Patchouli oil extraction was done on 7 weeks old in vitro shoot explants cultured on solid MS medium + 0.2 ppm BAP + 0.2 ppm Kinetin using water distillation method. In vitro shoots yielded 2.5% patchouli oil and contained ± 35% patchouli alcohol compound, whereas ex vitro shoots produced 4% patchouli oil and contained ± 25% patchouli alcohol compound. The qualitative analysis by using thin layer chromatography (TLC) showed that there were similarities in the number of spot and Rf value for each spot of ex vitro and in vitro patchouli oil.
Growth performance and blood profiles of striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) fed leaves extract of Myrmecodia tuberosa RUDY AGUNG NUGROHO; ESTI HANDAYANI HARDI; YANTI PUSPITA SARI; RETNO ARYANI; RUDIANTO RUDIANTO
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 11 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n110115

Abstract

Abstract. Nugroho RA, Hardi EH, Sari YP, Aryani R, Rudianto. 2019. Growth performance and blood profiles of striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) fed leaves extract of Myrmecodia tuberosa. Nusantara Bioscience 11: 89-96. The application of plant extract in the aquaculture field is gaining momentum. This study aimed to determine the effects of M. tuberosa Jack leaves extract on the growth performance and blood profiles of striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus). 400 fish with an initial average weight of 1.54 ± 0.02g were randomly divided into five groups and fed with different concentration of M. tuberosa Jack leaves extract (0.25, 0.5, 1, 2%) and control diet for 80 days. Growth performance, feed conversion rate, feed efficiency, survival rate, morphometric, and hematological profile of the fish were evaluated at the end of the trial. The results found that fish fed 0.5-1% concentration had significantly higher (P<0.05) growth, feed conversion rate, feed efficiency, morphometric value, survival, white blood cell, hemoglobin, neutrophil, lymphocyte, and monocyte than control. Meanwhile, supplementation of 2% MTE in the diet of fish reduced growth, feed utilization, viscerosomatic index, and morphometric values but increased red blood cell. All the supplemented diets decreased platelet of fish. The findings indicated that supplementation 0.5-1% of MTE is beneficial to the growth and blood profile of fish through the increment of growth indices, feed utilization, white blood cell, hemoglobin, neutrophil, lymphocyte, and survival rate of fish.
Short communication: An overview of the trematodes fauna of pool frog Pelophylax lessonae (Camerano, 1882) in the Volga Basin, Russia: 1. Adult stages IGOR V CHIKHLYAEV; ALEXANDER B RUCHIN; ALEXANDER I FAYZULIN
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 10 No. 4 (2018)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n100410

Abstract

Abstract. Chikhlyaev IV, Ruchin AB, Fayzulin AI. 2018. Short communication: An overview of the trematodes fauna of pool frog Pelophylax lessonae (Camerano, 1882) in the Volga Basin, Russia: 1. Adult stages. Nusantara Bioscience 10: 256-262.  The paper presents data on fauna of trematodes of a pool frog Pelophylax lessonae (Camerano, 1882) from 13 regions of the Volga basin (Russia). It consolidates data from different authors over the past 80 years, supplemented by our own research results. There are authentically known findings of 19 trematodes species at an adult stage of development. Three species of trematodes make the basis of helminth fauna: Pneumonoeces variegatus, Opisthioglyphe ranae and Diplodiscus subclavatus. By all species of helminths the following data are provided: taxonomic position, localization, area of detection, biology, definitive hosts, geographic distribution and the degree host-specificity.
Short communication: An overview of the trematodes fauna of pool frog Pelophylax lessonae (Camerano, 1882) in the Volga Basin, Russia: 2. Larval stages IGOR V CHIKHLYAEV; ALEXANDER B RUCHIN; ALEXANDER I FAYZULIN
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 11 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n110118

Abstract

Abstract. Chikhlyaev IV, Ruchin AB, Fayzulin AI. 2019. Short communication: An overview of the trematodes fauna of the pool frog Pelophylax lessonae (Camerano, 1882) in the Volga Basin, Russia: 2. Larval stages. Nusantara Bioscience 11: 106-111. This paper presents data on the trematodes fauna of the pool frog Pelophylax lessonae (Camerano, 1882) from 13 regions of the Volga Basin. It consolidates data from different authors over the past 30 years, supplemented by our own research results. There are authentically known findings of 10 trematodes species at the larval stage of development. The species Codonocephalus urniger (Rudolphi, 1819), mtc., Neodiplostomum spathoides Dubois, 1937, mtc. and Pharyngostomum cordatum (Diesing, 1850), mtc. have been observed for the first time in the given host on the territory of Russia and Volga basin. For each species of trematodes, there is the following information is included: taxonomic position, localization, area of detection, biology, definitive hosts, geographic distribution and degree of host-specificity.
The effect of ethanol extract of fruit peel jengkol (Archidendron pauciflorum) to spleen histological structure of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (Rattus norvegicus) DESAK MADE MALINI; Selma Alamanda Abadi; MADIHAH; WAWAN HERMAWAN
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 11 No. 2 (2019)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n110208

Abstract

Abstract. Malini DM, Abadi SA, Madihah, Hermawan W. 2019. The effect of ethanol extract of fruit peel jengkol (Archidendron pauciflorum) to spleen histological structure of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (Rattus norvegicus). Nusantara Bioscience 11: 157-161. Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic endocrine disorder associated with several secondary complications. The spleen is a lymph organ with the main function of filtering red blood cells, immune response and playing any kind of role in diabetes. Despite the currently available anti-diabetic drugs, there are need remedies for alternatives which are economical and safe. One alternative medicine well known by local Indonesian communities to treat DM is the fruit peel of Archidendron pauciflorum. This study aimed to evaluate the histological changes in the spleen following administration of ethanol extract of fruit peel Archidendron Pauciflorum (EEJFP) in the streptozotocin (STZ) - induced diabetic rats. Diabetic rats were used in this study consisting of six groups of four animals each. The treatments given are NC (CMC solution 0.5%), Positive Control (CMC solution 0.5%), G (glibenclamide), Treatment 1, 2, and 3 (EEJFP dose 385; 770; 1540 mg/kg bw). All of the treatment was administered orally to the experimental rats 14 days following induction. The spleen was collected and the histological study was performed using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). The parameters observed were the number of necrosis and cell damage score, including fat degeneration, hydropic degeneration, and inflammatory cell. The result showed that EEJFP at dose 385 mg/kg bw and 770 mg/kg bw gave significant recovery (p<0.05) on spleen damage by the decreased of the number of necrotic cells and cell damage score which lower than other treatments and compared to negative control group. It was concluded that doses of 385 mg/kg bw EEJFP are the optimum dose to improve the histological structure of spleen damage in diabetic rats.
Antioxidant activity of extracted green algae silpau (Dyctyosphaeria versluysii) ENDANG S SRIMARIANA; DAN APITULEY
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 11 No. 2 (2019)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n110207

Abstract

Abstract. Srimariana ES, Apituley DAN. 2019. Antioxidant activity of extracted green algae silpau (Dyctyosphaeria versluysii). Nusantara Bioscience 11: 153-156. Silpau (Dictyosphaeria versluysii) is a green algae that is widely available in Southwest Moluccas regency, living on coral reefs and not classified as seasonal plants. Silpau has long been used by local people, generally in the form of processed vegetables or colo-colo (traditional food). Except for its nutritional value, comprehensive information about silpau still unknown. Therefore, this study was carried out to determine its potential as an antioxidant. The phytochemical content of silpau was analyzed according to the standard method. The antioxidant activity of green algae silpau extract was carried out by reducing DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) free radicals. Phytochemical test of silpau revealed that silpau contain terpenoid compounds. The result of the study showed that the IC50 value of methanol extract of silpau was 547.97 ppm, indicated that silpau methanol extract categorized as a weak antioxidant.
Effects of water table level on soil CO2 respiration in West Kalimantan forested and bare peatland: An experimental stage DWI ASTIANI; BURHANUDDIN BURHANUDDIN; MUHAMMAD TAHERDJADEH; LISA M. CURRAN
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 8 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n080211

Abstract

Abstract. Astiani D, Burhanuddin, Taherdjadeh M, Curran LM. 2016. Effects of water table level on soil CO2 respiration in West Kalimantan forested and bare peatland: An experimental stage. Nusantara Bioscience 8: 201-206. Peatland forest is one of ecosystems that are susceptible to the alterations of water regimes. Our previous study demonstrated that hydrologic conditions are predominant variables in determining carbon respiration rates from peat soils. However, we have limited empirical measures of how hydrologic conditions (i.e., soil water table) affect the carbon respirations. A study had been conducted to ascertain the effects of water table levels on soil CO2 respirations of West Kalimantan coastal forested and bare peatland. We simulated natural intact peat core condition by designing 25 of "a double bucket" water level experiment using 5 levels of water tables (0-40cm) and measure soil CO2 respiration at soil surfaces. Results showed that water table levels significantly affected soil CO2 respiration, as well as peat microclimate conditions. Results also demonstrated that forest canopy had significant effects on reducing peat CO2 respiration through its function in maintaining site-environment conditions compared to bare peatland site. This study reveals that it is important to maintain peatland water level close to peat surface and to maintain forest/vegetation covered on peatlands to reduce soil CO2 emissions.
Comparative influence of salinity and temperature on cassava flour product by Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus acidophilus during single culture fermentation ANDRI FREDIANSYAH; MUHAMAD KURNIADI
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 8 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n080212

Abstract

Abstract. Frediansyah A, Kurniadi M. 2016. Comparative influence of salinity and temperature on cassava flour product by Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus acidophilus during single culture fermentation. Nusantara Bioscience 8: 207-214. Lactobacillus plantarum (FNCC 0027) and Lactobacillus acidophilus (FNCC 0051) were used as a single culture in cassava fermentation. The effect of salinity (0.5, 1, 2 and 3% (v/v)) and temperatures (4, 25, 30 and 40oC) were investigated on the survival of these lactobacilli. In addition, fiber and moisture content were used to study the characteristic of cassava flour as a final product. About 6.98 cfu/g of L. plantarum and 7.02 cfu/g of L acidophilus were used as a single starter (t = 0 h) for cassava fermentation. After 15 h, the survival rate of both lactobacilli with the salinity of 0.5% and incubation at 40oC were found to be at the highest compared with others. The temperature of incubation was showed in a degree-dependent manner in both reductions of pH to the substrate and fiber contents of flour product. However, it increased the survival of both L. plantarum and L. acidophilus in a degree of temperature-dependent manner. Both salinity and temperature did not give significant effect to further changing of moisture content. The fermentation of cassava could improve proximate composition, cyanide content and physical properties of cassava flour product.
Crude extracts of two different leaf plant species and their responses against subterranean termite Coptotermes formosanus YULIATI INDRAYANI; MUSRIZAL MUIN; TSUYOSHI YOSHIMURA
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 8 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n080215

Abstract

Abstract. Indrayani Y, Muin M, Yoshimura T. 2016. Crude extracts of two different leaf plant species and their responses against subterranean termite Coptotermes formosanus. Nusantara Bioscience 8: 226-231. Crude extracts of plants consist of various chemical compounds useful for many purposes and their effects depend on the comprising active ingredients and applied concentrations. This study was conducted to determine the chemical compounds of plant leaf extracts and examine their responses against subterranean termite Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki. Two tropical plant species [clove (Syzygium aromaticum) and cajuput (Melaleuca leucadendra)] were extracted with 70% ethanol solvent. As the two different plant crude extracts contain eugenol, though to have termiticidal performance, various concentrations (0.1%, 0.05%, and 0.01%) based on their eugenol contents were prepared with filter paper samples for the test. The termite mortality and mass loss of extract-treated and untreated control filter paper samples were determined after four weeks of exposure. Results showed that crude extracts of different plant species showed different responses against the subterranean termites although they were applied at the same eugenol-based concentration. At the concentration of 0.1%, the crude extract of S. aromaticum caused termite mortality and consumption rates of 100% and 0.3%, respectively. Whilst, the crude extract of M. leucadendra caused significantly lower termite mortality (36.8%) and higher consumption (9.1%). Samples with lower eugenol-based concentration showed lower termite mortality and may have attractive effects on termites as indicated by higher consumption at the concentration of 0.01% compared to untreated controls. These results suggested that crude extracts of different two leaf species had different effects on subterranean termite C. formosanus even though they were applied at the same eugenol-based concentrations.
Short Communication: Screening the potency of Zingiberaceae leaves as antioxidant and antiaging agent UMMI ZAHRA; YUNI KARTIKA; IRMANIDA BATUBARA; LATIFAH K DARUSMAN; AKHIRUDDIN MADDU
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 8 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n080214

Abstract

Abstract. Zahra U, Kartika Y, Batubara I, Darusman LK, Maddu A. 2016. Short Communication: Screening the potency of Zingiberaceae leaves as antioxidant and antiaging agent. Nusantara Bioscience 8: 221-225. Zingiberaceae is a family of plant with antioxidant, anticancer, and antiaging activities. The use of the leaves part of this family has never been explored. Therefore, the aim of this research is to evaluate the antioxidant and antiaging activities of some Zingiberaceae’s leaves. The species of Zingiberaceae used in this study are Alpinia galanga (L), Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb, Curcuma longa L, Curcuma zedoaria, Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb, Boesenbergia rotunda (L.), Elettaria cardamomum, Zingiber zerumbet, Zingiber officinale Roscoe, and Zingiber purpureum Roscoe. Leaves were extracted with 2 different solvents sequentially: ethyl acetate and methanol. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the extracts were determined spectrophotometrically. Antioxidant activities were tested by using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl ) and ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethyl benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), whilst antiaging activity was tested by using antiglycation method. The results showed that the flavonoid content of the extracts was in the range of 0.83-25.17 g QE/100 g extract with total phenolic content ranging from 9.80-91.71 GAE mg/100 mg extract. The methanol extract of Curcuma xanthorrhiza displayed the highest antioxidant capacity in the DDPH (IC50 282.35 mg/mL) and TEAC (10.08%) assays, followed by the ethyl acetate extract of C. longa, ethyl acetic extract of C. xanthorrhiza and methanol extract of Z. officinale, while the most active antiglycation is the methanol extract of Z. officinale (IC50 203.85 mg/L).

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