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Majalah Kedokteran Bandung
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : 0126074X     EISSN : 23386223     DOI : 10.15395/mkb
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung (MKB)/Bandung Medical Journal publishes peer-reviewed original articles and case reports in basic medical research, clinical research, and applied medical science. This journal is published quarterly (March, June, September, and December) by Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran. Articles are original research that needs to be disseminated and written in English. All submitted manuscripts will go through the double-blind peer review and editorial review before being granted with acceptance for publication.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 651 Documents
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Difference in Immature Reticulocyte Fraction Percentage between Moderate and Severe Anemia in Transfusion-Dependent Thalassemia Rizki Andriyani; Delita Prihatni; Ida Parwati; Tiene Rostini
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 53, No 4 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v53n4.2267

Abstract

Thalassemia is an inherited genetic disease caused by the disruption in globin chain synthesis. Inefective erythropoiesis in thalassemia leads to moderate to severe anemia, requiring routine blood transfusions. To evaluate erythropoiesis, immature reticulocyte fractions (IRF) can be measured using the hematology analyzer, avoiding the need of invasive bone marrow examination. The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences in the IRF percentage between moderate and severe anemia in transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT) patients. This was a cross-sectional comparative observational analytic study conducted at the Pediatric Thalassemia Clinic of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung in August–September 2020. The IRF was examined using the fluorescence flowcytometry method with whole blood sample added by EDTA anticoagulant. The statistical analysis used in this study was unpaired t-test and Mann Whitney’s test. Subjects were 93 TDT pediatric patients, consisting of 48 boys (52%) and 45 girls (48%). The majority (72%) of the patients had been diagnosed with thalassemia for more than 5 years with moderate anemia (40%) and severe anemia (60%). The median IRF percentage in moderate anemia was 6.4% (range 0-22.7) while the range in severe anemia was 11.7% (range 4.1–35.8), suggesting a statistically significant difference (p<0.001) in the IRF percentage between moderate and severe anemia in transfusion-dependent thalassemia patients. To conclude, the more severe the anemia experienced by a thalassemia patient is, the higher the percentage of IRF.
Imaging and Minimally Invasive Biopsy for Postmortem Pulmonary Fat Embolism Diagnosis Liauw Djai Yen; Clara Valentina J; Gabriella Hamid; Mutiara Jesslyn Taslim; Leonardo Leonardo; Florentina Reddy; Oscar Odillo Laman; Maria Zita
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 53, No 4 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v53n4.2440

Abstract

In recent years, imaging technologies and minimally invasive biopsy have been gaining importance in forensic settings. This study aimed to evaluate the role of imaging and minimally invasive biopsy in postmortem diagnosis of pulmonary fat embolism. This was a systematic literature review by using Pubmed, EBSCO-Host, and ProQuest to search for studies on postmortem diagnosis of pulmonary fat embolism with postmortem imaging and minimally invasive biopsy. Five studies were included in the systematic review. These studies employed the following diagnostic technics: postmortem computed tomography (PMCT), postmortem computed tomography angiography (PMCTA), percutaneous needle biopsy (PNB), postmortem magnetic resonance (PMMR), and traditional autopsy. Imaging and minimally invasive biopsy are potential modalities that might complement or even replace traditional autopsy in diagnosing PFE. Further studies are needed to confirm the sensitivity and specificity of each technique.
Correlation between Estrogen Receptorβ (ERβ), Neurofilament Protein (NF), and Protein Gene Product 9.5 (PGP9.5) Expressions as a Marker of Pain on Adenomyosis Etiopathogenesis Arief Setiawan; Ruswana Anwar; Tita Husnitawati; Tono Djuwantono; Wiryawan Permadi
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 53, No 4 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v53n4.2363

Abstract

Adenomyosis is a pathological condition characterized by the presence of endometrial glands and stroma within the myometrium. Endometrial like cells development was influenced by local inflammatory reactions, increases local estradiol due to asynchromatized estrogen synthesis (ERβ) and then stimulated to proliferation and fibrosis, are also irritation on small nerve fibers in women with painful characterized symptoms on adenomyosis. There are expressions of neurofilament protein (NF) and protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5) is a highly specific pan-neuronal marker for microfilament nerve fibers and is related to presenting pain with adenomyosis symptoms. A retrospective immunohistochemical study of thirty samples histopathological of adenomyosis as study groups and 30 with control groups between 25–49 ages which were established at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital and the satellites in April 2014–May 2015. This case-control analyzed ERβ, NF, and PGP 9.5 expressions compared and correlation between study groups and controls. The results showed there were significant differences in expression of ERβ, NF, and PGP 9.5 on adenomyosis higher than the control study (p<0.05). The intensity was higher and very strong into the study groups (p<0,001). Cut off point of ERβ was more than>6(sensitivity 66.7%; specificity 70%), NF>3 (sensitivity 93%; specificity 46%), PGP 9.5>4 (sensitivity 90%; specificity 67%). Odds Ratio (CI 95%) ERβ>6= 4.67; NF >3=12.25; PGP 9.5 >4=24.75 (p<0.001). The value of histoscore of ERβ and PGP9.5 have correlates to adenomyosis, the differences were statistically significant (p<0.05). The conclusion were that the adenomyosis had higher ERβ, NF, and PGP 9.5 expressions. There are simultant correlates and positive values between ERβ, NF, and PGP9.5 based on etiophatogenesis of pain on adenomyosis.
Validity and Reliability Test of Four-Meter Gait Speed on Six Meter Track for Indonesian Adults Nury Nusdwinuringtyas; Tresia Fransiska; Peggy Sunarjo; Kevin Triangto; Sopiyudin Dahlan
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 53, No 4 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v53n4.2444

Abstract

Walking is an essential component of daily life and studies have shown the growing number of clinicians performing walking tests in their daily practice. This study is aimed to assess the validity and reliability of the Four-Meter Gait Speed (4MGS) test for healthy Indonesian adults (Mongoloid race). Data collection were conducted at the Rehabilitation Department of Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital during the period of August 2016 to March 2017. Two observers and two trials were involved in measuring the gait speed in the 4MGS test with a 6 meter track. All accumulated data were analyzed for validity using the Bland-Altman test, while test re-test reliability was done using Cronbach's alpha for internal consistency. Sixty-one subjects were involved in this study. There were no significant differences in inter-trial comparison from both observers (P=0.262 and P=0.954). Similarly, intra-observer walking speed comparison in both trials were also not significantly different (P=0.117 and P=0.869). The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) value between the first and second tests from observer I was 0.839 (Cronbach Alpha,0.911) while the value for observer II was 0.902 (Cronbach Alpha, 0.948). The ICC value between observer I and II in the first trial was 0.906 (Cronbach Alpha, 0.950); whereas the second trial demonstrated a value of 0.890 (Cronbach Alpha, 0.941). Thus, the 6 meter track 4MGS has a good validity and reliability for healthy Indonesian adults. It is expected that the walking speed from this study can be used for Mongoloid race living in other countries and the 4MGS can become an alternative speed-based walk test, especially during COVID-19 pandemic, due to its practicality in measuring functional capacity in a shorter duration.
Knowledge of Helminthiasis of People Living in Slum Areas of Bandung District, Indonesia Lia Faridah; Nisa Fauziah; Riyadi Adrizain
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 53, No 4 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v53n4.2393

Abstract

Among the most prevalent infections worldwide, Soil-Transmitted Helminth (STH) infection is the one that affects the poorest and most deprived populations. Data from the WHO shows that more than 1.5 billion people are affected by soil-transmitted helminth diseases globally. In 2010, it was estimated that 819.0 million, 464.6 million, and 438.9 million people around the world were infected with Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, and hookworms (Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus), respectively, with the Southeast Asia as the region with the highest prevalence of STH. Children’s awareness and knowledge of helminthiasis are essential to reduce the STH infection prevalence. Unfortunately, evaluation on children’s understanding of helminthiasis is still scarce. This study was intended to measure children's knowledge of STH infections and its prevention, especially prevention measures at home, in Bandung District, Indonesia. This study was conducted in March 2021 on 506 children who lived in 15 different subdistricts in Bandung District. Data were collected through a questionnaire that was used for face-to-face interviews with the children. All data were recorded in RedCap apps for further analysis. It was demonstrated in this study that children in Bandung District generally have low-to-medium knowledge on helminthiasis prevention, symptoms, and treatment (85%). Thus, there is an urgent need for an education program on helminthiasis to complement the deworming measures conducted by the local government.
Accuracy of Urine Cytology In Detecting Bladder Cancer Ahlan Syahreza; Ferry Safriadi
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 53, No 4 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v53n4.2460

Abstract

One of the most prevalent and deadly cancers in men is bladder cancer. To achieve the best possible outcome, physicians need to diagnose it promptly. The gold standard for diagnosis is tissue biopsy, but this method is invasive. There is another option for non-invasive diagnostic using urine cytology. The purpose of this study was to measure the accuracy of urine cytology in diagnosed bladder cancer patients. This study extracted data from patients medical records in a tertiary hospital in Indonesia from 2009–2019. The diagnostic accuracy was then compared between urine cytology and biopsy as the gold standard. Data on subjects’ baseline characteristics and diagnostic accuracy (sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV) were collected. Results were then stratified according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer pathology staging for bladder cancer. Of 124 study subjects, male was more dominant (male,88% versus female, 12%) Seventy-five patients had a T1-tumor stage. Overall, the diagnostic accuracy was as follows:sensitivity, 47.8%; specificity, 90.9%; PPV, 98.2%; and NPV, 14.5%. High-grade tumors were shown to have a higher sensitivity. The highest accuracy was found in the MIBC grade T3, which was 90.68%. For diagnostic accuracy, urine cytology offered high specificity, but low sensitivity. The exploration of other markers is needed to establish a non-invasive but accurate method to diagnose bladder cancer.
Comparison between the Effectiveness Fecal Immunochemical Test and Colonoscopy As A Tool For Colorectal Cancer Early Detection Yossi Andila; Reno Rudiman; Andriana Purnama
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 54, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v54n1.2452

Abstract

Cancer is a disease that causes a lot of misery and death in humans. According to data from the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2015, there are 8.8 million deaths caused by cancer and colorectal cancer ranked third with 774,000 deaths. One of the prevention effort for colorectal cancer is early detection in the population, especially in high-risk groups and in groups with non-specific symptoms. In general, two types of early detection tests are available: stool-based testing and structural testing. Fecal immunochemical test (FIT) is one type of examination that is categorized as the tool-based test. Meanwhile, the structural test include colonoscopy, CT colonography and flexible sigmoidoscopy. This study aimed to determine difference in the effectiveness of FIT against colonoscopy as an early detection tool for colorectal cancer. This study was a cross-sectional comparative diagnostic analytical observational study to compare FIT to colonoscopy for early detection of colorectal cancer. This study involved patients presented to Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Indonesia. Analysis of diagnostic test data was carried out to obtain the sensitivity, specificity, and the positive and negative predictive values through the use of bivariate analysis in the form of Man Whitney test. Thirty-eight patients were included in this study, consisting of 27 cancer patients and 11 non-cancer patients. Results showed that the sensitivity level of FIT was 81.5%, with 72.7% specificity. There is no significant difference in the effectiveness between FIT and colonoscopy in screening for colorectal cancer.
DMBA-induced Modulate Estrogen Receptors α and β Breast Cancer’s Animal Model Aziiz Mardanarian Rosdianto; Ahmad Kurniawan; Julia Windi Gunadi; Isa Mahendra; Iwan Setiawan; Hanna Goenawan; Nova Sylviana; Yuni Susanti Pratiwi; Mas Rizky Anggun Adipurna Syamsunarno; Roro Wahyudianingsih; Unang Supratman; Ronny Lesmana
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 54, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v54n1.2479

Abstract

The high incidence of breast cancer cases in the world requires the use of applicative methods. The 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) induced breast cancer animal model is a widely used chemical-induced animal models for research on breast cancer. However, the molecular mechanism related to DMBA induction remains unclear. Good understanding on DMBA-induced animal models is crucial for studies related to future breast cancer treatments as animal models will provide a deeper understanding of anticancer medication, specifically those aimed for treating breast cancer. The aim of this study was to develop an DMBA-induced animal model for breast cancer. This study used female Wistar rats injected subcutaneously with DMBA as a carcinogen-induced agent (20 mg/kg) to induce tumor. Rat tumors were then evaluated and breast appearance was observed weekly, starting from day 28th after DMBA injection. Breast cancer tissue was then sampled and stored at -80°C until it was used for western blot and histological study. This study indicated that DMBA induced cancer in female Wistar rat’s breasts, and cytoplastic cells and lung metastatic was identified macroscopically and histopathologically. The metabolic sign was observed in the lung and breast sections. Interestingly, the DMBA induction in this study does not only induce organ cancers but also induces estrogen receptors and stimulates signaling of estrogen receptors α (ERα), ERβ, and Akt.
Mosquito Nets Use in South Central Timor District is Significantly Liked to Incidence of Malaria Nisa Fauziah; Reyhan Luthfierza Fauzan; Naufal Fakhri Nugraha; Lia Faridah; Jontari Hutagalung
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 54, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v54n1.2481

Abstract

Ninety percent of malaria cases in Indonesia come from Papua, West Papua, and East Nusa Tenggara provinces. The country has declared a target of malaria elimination by 2030. Malaria elimination efforts have been performed through case finding, treatment, surveillance, and risk factor prevention and control. Personal protection is crucial in preventing and reducing the risk for malaria infection. This study aimed to assess the significance of personal protection against mosquitoes in eastern Indonesia. This was a cross-sectional study using the secondary data from a previous study of malaria in eastern Indonesia in 2013–2014. Data were collected using a questionnaires and direct observation and analyzed using the chi-square with α 0.05 and 95% CI. A total of 551 data were collected (180 positive vs 371 negative). The use of mosquito nets at night (p-value: 0.038; OR: 3.127) has a significant relationship with the incidence of malaria while the use of ventilation screen (p-value: 0.191; OR: 0.839), vector shelter (p-value: 0.493; OR: 0.852), and mosquito repellent (p-value: 0.564; OR: 1.585) did not have significant relationships to the incidence of malaria. Mass distribution of mosquito nets by the local governments can constitute one of the efforts to prevent and control malaria in South Central Timor District.
Urinary Epithelial Sodium Channel (EnaC) Level as A Diabetic Marker of Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Hypertension Heti Kus Erni; Nina Tristina; Agnes Rengga Indrati; Dewi Kartika Turbawaty
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 54, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v54n1.2533

Abstract

Increased prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) leads to the increased of various complications including diabetic nephropathy, which can lead to the end stage renal disease (ESRD). The Epithelial sodium channel (ENaC), which is located in distal convoluted tubules, plays an important role in transepithelial sodium reabsorption for electrolyte homeostasis. Diabetes mellitus can cause changes in ENaC function which will interfere with kidney blood pressure control, worsening hypertension, and kidney injury that eventually may trigger diabetic nephropathy. The aim of this study was to determine the validity of urinary ENaC for screening diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with uACR as the gold standard. This was a cross-sectional analytical observational study conducted in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Indonesia, from December 2020 to July 2021. The subjects were 87 patients T2DM with hypertension with the majority of subjects (n=62) had a mean age of 56 years old and were experiencing albuminuria and hyperglycemia with DM for a duration of < 10 years. The poor glycemic control in these patients accelerated the occurrence of kidney damage. Result showed that urine ENaC level had a sensitivity and specificity of 82.3% and 48%, respectively, with 72.4% accuracy. The cut-off point of urine ENaC in this study was 0.98 ng/mL. Hence, urine ENaC level can be used as a test to screen for diabetic nephropathy with 82.3% sensitivity.

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