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BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology

biotropia
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Published by Southeast Asian Regional Centre for Tropical Biology

ISSN : 02156334 EISSN : 1907770X DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.11598/btb

Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Veterinary

BIOTROPIA, The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology, is a scientific publication of the Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Organization (SEAMEO) – Southeast Asian Regional Center for Tropical Biology (BIOTROP). It publishes articles in the broad areas of tropical ecosystems and environmental impacts, biodiversity conservation and sustainable development and biotechnology.

Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)

Articles 520 Documents

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ENDIANDRA KASSAMENSIS (LAURACEAE), A NEW SPECIES FROM NEW GUINEA Deby Arifiani
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 19 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

A new species of Endiandra (Lauraceae) is described from New Guinea. Endiandra kassamensis is described based on specimens collected over four decades ago. Unlike most Endiandra which grow in lowland forest, E. kassamensis is found in high altitude forest. The species is characterized by the presence of staminodia with the absence of staminal glands. Â Key words: Endiandra, Lauraceae, staminal glands, staminodia, endemic, New Guinea

Agrobacterium-MEDIATED GENETIC TRANSFORMATION OF SEAWEED Kappaphycus alvarezii USING GÎ± GENE AND CALLUS CULTURES Erina Sulistiani; Suharsono Suharsono; Ence Darmo Jaya Supena; Miftahudin Miftahudin
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 26 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Cottonii seaweed (Kappaphycus alvarezii Doty) is one of the most important commercial sources of carrageenans which are widely used in the pharmaceuticals and food industries. A problem in the cultivation of this seaweed is the ice-ice disease, which is caused by extreme changes in environmental conditions such as temperature and seawater salinity. Gene transformation to produce Cottonii seaweed transgenics that are tolerant to environmental stress is a potential solution to this problem. GÎ± gene encodes for the heterotrimeric G protein Î± subunit is a gene that plays a role in tolerance to biotic and abiotic environmental stresses. This study aimed to: (a) introduce the GÎ± gene into the callus cells of K. alvarezii and regenerate transformed callus cells to transgenic plantlets; (b) determine the appropriate concentration of acetosyringone and Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain for gene transfer into the callus of K. alvarezii. The callus cells of K. alvarezii were transformed using Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains LBA4404 and EHA105 carrying the expression vector pGWB502-GÎ± with a CaMV-35S promoter. The calli and A. tumefaciens were co-cultivated in several concentrations of acetosyringone (20, 40, 60 mg/L). The regeneration of transformed callus cells into transgenic plantlets was successfully performed using the somatic embryogenesis technique. The results showed that the highest percentage of putative transgenic micropropagule formation occurred at the 20-40 mg/L concentration of acetosyringone. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis on the twenty transgenic plantlets indicated that the GÎ± gene was successfully introduced into the genomic DNA of all of them. The highest transformation efficiency was in the co-cultivation treatment of 20-40 mg/L acetosyringone (22-28%). The transformation efficiency produced by Agrobacterium tumefaciens EHA105 (23%) was not significantly different from that produced by the LBA4404 (15%).

NUTRIENT STOCKS IN FOUR STAGES OF A LOWLAND RAIN FOREST AT PASIRMAYANG, JAMBI, CENTRAL SUMATRA, PAMUJI LESTARI
BIOTROPIA No. 11 (1998)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Studies of nutrient cycling of tropical forests should differentiate between dynamic stages of the forest. We studied the nutrient concentration (N, P, K, Ca and Mg) and phytomass of aboveground (living and non living parts) and belowground compartments (soil) in four dynamic stages, namely Building (Bl and B2), and Mature (Ml and M2) stages, for a lowland rain forest. Nutrient concentrations in various compartments differed between the dynamic stages. Bark contains higher nutrient concentration than wood parts, both in stems and branches. Leaves contain higher nutrient concentration than wood parts, both in litterfall and litter. The concentration of K in throughfall is the highest, Ca and Mg perform similar value. Throughfall exhibits lower nutrient concentration than open area rain water. The nutrient concentration of 10-20 cm is higher than in the 0-10 cm soil depth. The phytomass values are highly variable among tree parts, diameter classes and dynamic stages. The phytomass is generally the highest in M2 and significantly different from Bl ,Â Ml and B2. The phytomass of leaves in litterfall and litter is higherÂ than wood parts. More litterfall and litter are accumulated in mature than building phases. Key words : nutrient / phytomass / dynamics / rain / forest

SOIL PROPERTIES AND TREE COMPOSITION IN A 27-YEAR OLD Acacia mangium Willd. PLANTATION ON ABANDONED MINING AREA AT PHANGNGA FORESTRY RESEARCH STATION Jetsada Wongprom; Roongreang Poolsiri; Sapit Diloksumpun; Chatchai Ngernsaengsaruay
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 27 No. 2 (2020)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

In order to validate the important role of Acacia mangium plantation in mining rehabilitation, a study was conducted on the soil properties and tree composition in a 27-year-old A. mangium plantation growing on sandy (S27) and clay (C27) soil types, as well as a mixed plantation (MP) growing on clay soil type. The results were compared with those grown on an abandoned mining area (AB), a secondary forest (SF) and a primary forest (PF), at the Phangnga Forestry Research Station, Thailand. Three 40 x 40 m permanent plots were established and soil samples were randomly collected from depths of 0-10, 10-20, 20-30, and 30-50 cm, in each of the S27, C27, MP, AB, SF, and PF. The bulk density values in the S27, C27, and MP were lower than that in AB and was similar to those in SF and PF, particularly, the top soil. Total nitrogen, available phosphorus, organic matter, exchangeable potassium, and magnesium contents in the S27, C27, and MP were higher than that in AB, but were lower than those in SF and PF, indicating that the soil development in the S27, C27, and MP was slower than in the SF and PF. This lower bulk density values and higher soil nutrient contents were positively contributed by the A. mangium plantation. The Shannon-Wiener index obtained for S27 (1.43), C27 (2.51), and MP (2.77) were lower than that for the SF (3.86). The similarity indices of the tree species found in S27, C27, MP, and PF were low, ranging from 5.83-8.00, indicating that the development of the forest community was slow compared to SF (31.03). Enrichment planting with poorly dispersed shade tolerant trees has increased the diversity and improved the forest structure in the mined out areas and other similarly degraded lands.

CHARACTERIZATION OF THREE BENZOATE DEGRADING ANOXYGENIC PHOTOSYNTHETIC BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM THE ENVIRONMENT DWI SURYANTO; ANTONIUS SUWANTO; ANJA MERYANDINI
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology No. 17 (2001)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

ThreeÂ anoxygenic photosynthetic bacteria, DS-1, DS-4 and Cas-13, have been examinatedÂ forÂ themorphological and physiologicalÂ properties. All strains were rod-shape cells withÂ a swollen terminalÂ endGramÂ negative, motile, non-halophilic, non-alkalophilicÂ and non-acidophilic,Â and capable of utilizinbenzoate aerobically and photo-anaerobically. Sequence analysis of part of 16S rRNA genes showed that DS1 and Cas-13 were closely related to Rhodopseudomonas palustris Strain 7 with a similarity of 97%, whereaDS-4 may not be closely related to the former two strains with a similarity of 78% based on the constructephylogenicÂ tree. Spectral analysis indicated that the threeÂ bacteriaÂ hadÂ bacteriochlorophylÂ aÂ and normaspirilloxanthin series. Growth in medium enriched with vitamin and supplemented with benzoate as their sole C-sources wabetter than in medium without vitamin. Benzoate degradation in medium with vitamin was accelerated. ThabilityÂ to grow on benzoate without added vitamins indicatedÂ thatÂ the bacteria were able to synthesizeÂ theown vitamins. Key words: anoxygenic photosynthetic bacteria/ benzoate degradation/ 16S rRNA gene.

RAPD Analysis to Detect Somaclonal Variation of Pineapple In Vitro Cultures during Micropropagation Ika Roostika; Nurul Khumaida; Sintho Wahyuning Ardie
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 22 No. 2 (2015)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Plant off-types still become a concern in pineapple micropropagation. Reliable methods are needed to detect and to reduce plant off-types. This research was conducted to confirm the occurrence of somaclonal variation during micropropagation, to know the level of variation in three different populations, to detect and to reduce the somaclonal variation of pineapple clone Simadu. The first population was the acclimatized plants and plantlets of four-year old cultures. The second population was the plantlets yielded from three kinds of regeneration methods (direct organogenesis, indirect organogenesis, somatic embryogenesis) derived from the normal phenotype shoots selected from the first population. The third population was the new in vitro cultures regenerated by shoot proliferation and direct organogenesis methods. RAPD analysis by using 10 primers was performed to confirm genetic variation. The result showed that the phenotypic variation occurred in the four year-old pineapple plants and plantlets were due to genetic variation. This research has proved that the long-period of cultures is the main contributor of somaclonal variation, while the regeneration method and plant growth regulator could also induce genetic variation. The new cultures showed higher level of similarity. Therefore, it needs a correct strategy to apply micropropagation method.

ETHNOBOTANICAL STUDY OF DIGESTIVE SYSTEMS DISORDERS IN BADUY ETHNIC, INDONESIA Rida Oktorida Khastini; Indria Wahyuni; Irma Saraswati
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 28 No. 1 (2021): BIOTROPIA Vol. 28 No. 1 April 2021
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Digestive disorders rank among the most common problems faced in Indonesia, especially for the Baduy people in Banten Province. Although the Baduy live in water-rich areas, their lack of sanitation facilities and unawareness of methods of disease prevention have prompted high morbidity and mortality rates in their communities, largely due to digestive system disorders that they continue to treat with medicinal plants. This survey was undertaken to document Baduy indigenous medicinal plants that were used to treat and prevent different types of digestive system disorders in their communities using quantitative ethnobotanical approaches. Ethno medicinal data were collected from 30 informants regarding their knowledge on medicinal plants. Quantitative approaches were used to determine the use value and informant consensus factor values of collected data. The results revealed that the Baduy currently use 54 medicinal plant species belonging to 30 families to treat digestive system disorders. Additional research is required, however, to validate the function of the medicinal plants and identify their active compounds.

DEVELOPMENT OF ANTIBODY TO RALSTONIA SOLANACEARUM AND ITS APPLICATION FOR DETECTION OF BACTERIAL WILT YADI SURYADI
BIOTROPIA Vol. 16 No. 2 (2009)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

The serological assay for the detection of bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum RSwas able to provide information regarding the presence of the pathogen in plant materials Theresearch is was aimed to develop polyclonal antibody PAb for RS detection Bacterial wholecells of RS isolates mixed with glutaraldehyde were used to immunize New Zealand femalewhite rabbit The titre of antibody in culture supernatant was 1 1024 The PAb developed froma ground nut RS isolates reacted with infected plant samples from various locations It was ableto detect RS antigen of crude extract and pure cultures from tomato and potato plant samples45 using dot blot ELISA however the minimum detectable concentration of RS antigen was 10cellsml The PAb obtained in this study is sensitive enough to detect RS isolates in routineserological assayKey words Bacterial wilt Ralstonia solanacearum antibody dot blot ELISA

PRESERVATION OF GARUT RAMS SPERMATOZOON AS A SOURCE OF MALE GERM PLASM ARIEF BOEDIONO; HERDIS; MUHAMMAD RIZAL'
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology No. 23 (2004)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

This study was conducted to examine the quality of ejaculated sperm by Garut rams to be used for artificial insemination (AI) and viability of sperm that were collected from preserved cauda epididymisÂ (4Â°C up to 12 days) for assisted reproductive technology. The semen was collected by artificial vagina, with the sperm motility, live sperm, acrosomal intact, and intact plasma membrane observed. Sperm motility was 75%, while for the live sperm, intact plasma membrane and sperm abnormality were 91.5%, 90.0%, and 1.8%, respectively. In the other study, sperm was collected from cauda epididymis by aspiration method and diluted in different media: 1) Brackett Oliphant (BO) media and 2) modified Phosphate Buffer Saline (mPBS). Evaluation ofÂ sperm motility and intact plasma membrane were conducted after washing, counting and dilution of the sperm. The results of this study showed that the sperm motility and intact plasma membrane could be maintained better in BO rather than PBS medium although they were not statistically different (P>0.05). At day 12 of preservation, the motility and intact plasma membrane of sperm collected from cauda epididymis were 0.7% and 1.33% for motility and plasma membrane intact, respectively. These findings showed that the Garut rams semen was qualified for AI and frozen processing; in vitro embryo production by introducing the assisted reproductive technology such as intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) could be applied by using the sperm collected from preserved cauda epididymis until 12 days of preservation at 4Â°C. Keywords :Â Â Reproduction/spcrmatogenesis/inscmination/Garut rams/small ruminant

OPTIMIZATION AND EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT OF INâ€HOUSE IMMUNOAFFINITY COLUMN KU-AF02 FOR AFLATOXIN DETECTION Phakpoom Kooprasertying; Thanapoom Maneeboon; Panrapee Iamtaweejaroen; Ratchanee Hongprayoon; Warapa Mahakarnchanakul
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 24 No. 2 (2017)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

In-house immunoaffinity column for aflatoxins (AFs) detection is firstly developed by Kasetsart University since 2011 i.e. the first IAC prototype, KU-AF01.Â Detection of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) up to 200 ng is considered significantly efficient, but the production cost is considered high. The high cost was due to the cost of monoclonal antibody specific to aflatoxin and its supporting materials i.e. CNBr-activated sepharose 4B.Â Therefore, this study was aimed to improve the efficiency of in-house immunoaffinity colums by replacing CNBr-activated sepharose 4B with other supporting materials and to lower the ratio of antibody to supporting materials.Â Â Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to determine the optimum alternative supporting materials and the ratio.Â Results revealed that when compared with CNBr-activated sepharose 4B, all materials tested could recover higher than 80% AFB1, except the activated CH sepharose 4B.Â Results also indicated that the optimum ratio was 0.4 mg anti-aflatoxin monoclonal antibody to 204 ÂµL CNBr-activated sepharose 4B.Â CNBr-activated sepharose 4B was considered to provide the best precision in recovering AFB1.Â KU-AF02 increased the ability to detect AFB1 to 500 ppb.Â The recovery of AFs in the reference materials using KU-AF02 was more than 96% successful, with HorRat value range of 0.34 â€“ 0.76.Â The reference materials used were 2 levels of AFs in peanuts, i.e. 47.68 and 72.14 ng/g.Â In terms of quality control in IAC production, there were no significant differences among the 5 batches produced (p > 0.05).Â KU-AF02 demonstrated stable and constant percent recovery at 4 oC for up to 12 months (tested with standard 200 ppb AFB1).Â This study indicated that KU-AF02 could lower the ratio of supporting materials to the antibody and that KU-AF02 has high stability and has good ability for cleaning up AFs.Â Therefore, KU-AF02 is recommended to be used as an in-house immunoaffinity column for aflatoxin detection in Thailand.

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Home Page

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Contact Name Knowledge Management Department

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Editorial Address SEAMEO BIOTROP Jl. Raya Tajur Km. 6 Bogor 16134 INDONESIA

Location Kota bogor, Jawa barat INDONESIA

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Contact Name
Knowledge Management Department

Contact Email
kmd@biotrop.org

Phone
+62251-8323848

Journal Mail Official
biotropia@biotrop.org

Editorial Address
SEAMEO BIOTROP Jl. Raya Tajur Km. 6 Bogor 16134 INDONESIA

Location
Kota bogor,

Jawa barat

INDONESIA