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BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology
Published by Southeast Asian Regional Centre for Tropical Biology
ISSN : 02156334     EISSN : 1907770X     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.11598/btb
Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Veterinary
BIOTROPIA, The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology, is a scientific publication of the Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Organization (SEAMEO) – Southeast Asian Regional Center for Tropical Biology (BIOTROP). It publishes articles in the broad areas of tropical ecosystems and environmental impacts, biodiversity conservation and sustainable development and biotechnology.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 520 Documents
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INTEGRATED USE OF NEOCHETINA BRUCHI AND ALTERNARIA EICHHORNIAE IN CONTROLLING WATER HYACINTH OKKY S. DHARMAPUTRA; KASNO KASNO; SUNJAYA SUNJAYA; ASMARINA S.R. PUTRJ; HERI S. HANDAYANI
BIOTROPIA No. 13 (1999)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (327.044 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.1999.0.13.151

Abstract

The study on the integrated use of the chevroned water hyacinth weevil (Neochetina bruchi Mustache) and the water hyacinth blight disease  (Alternaria eichhorniae Nag Raj & Ponnappa) in suppressing water hyacinth growth was carried out under field conditions at Situ Bagendit lake, Garut, West Java. The objectives of this study were (I) to investigate whether the combined use of the two control agents produced a better effect in suppressing water hyacinth growth, (ii) to evaluate whether there is a change in oviposition and feeding habit of the chevroned water hyacinth weevil if the water hyacinth is seriously infected by  A. eichhorniae, and (iii) to evaluate the progress of weevil establishment in the field. The following results were obtained:(1) The concentration of Tween 80 which did not interfere with spore germination was 3%.(2) There was no difference between distilled water and 1% Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB) as a medium for fungal spores production.(3) The combined use of chevroned water hyacinth weevil and the water hyacinth blight produces a better suppressing on water hyacinth growth.(4) There was no significant effect of heavy infection by the water hyacinth blight on oviposition habit of chevroned water hyacinth weevil. Heavy fungal infection only affected feeding habit of the adult chevroned water hyacinth weevil.(5) Establishment of the chevroned water hyacinth weevil is in progress at Situ Bagendit lake, Garut regency, West Java.
Restoration Priority Index Development of Degraded Tropical Forest Landscape in Batang Toru Watershed, North Sumatera Indonesia Samsuri Samsuri; I Nengah Surati Jaya; Cecep Kusmana; Kukuh Murtilaksono
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 21 No. 2 (2014)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (232.235 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2014.21.2.394

Abstract

Forest degradation has been important in the context of global issues since it contributes to the global climate change significanly.  Forest degradation of tropical rain forest area reduces global biological resources and has impact on occurence of poverty in community.  It also increases forest fragmentation and decreases forest connectivity as wildlife habitat.  To improve the connectivity, landscape restoration approach is used.  This paper describes the forest landscape restoration priority index to decide where the site gets restoration priority.  Restoration index is constructed by four factors indices that are index of forest degradation, forest connectivity, forest fragmentation, and socio economic of forest communities. Batang Toru forest landscape was getting pressure during the period 1989-2013.  Forest landscape fragmentation degree increased in the period 1989-2013, while the degree of connectivity tends to increase.  Forest connectivity index effects the restoration index more than other.  It implies that connectivity of Batang Toru forest landscape needs to be maintained and enhanced. It will provide proper habitat and reduce loss of biodiversity. Restoration index classifies Batang Toru forest landscape into low, medium and high priority for restoration. Sub-watershed of Sarula has high restoration index value so that it must be restored firstly.
PHYLOGENETIC ASSESSMENT OF GIANT CLAMS (TRIDACNIDAE) USING PARTIAL AMINO ACIDS SEQUENCES OF CYTOCHROME C OXIDASE I GENE Agus Nuryanto; Dedi Nuryadi; D. Soedharma; Blohm D
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2007)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (614.989 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2007.14.2.11

Abstract

Phylogenetic assessment of the giant clams need to be improved using various genetic markers since their relaionships are plagued by inconsistency result of several studies. This is especially true for the species under sub-genus Chametrachea. Here we studied the phylogeny of the giant clams using amino acid sequence of the mitochondrial COI gene. This study is aimed to assess and better understand the relationships of the giant clams, especially for three species under subgenus Chametrachea. The result showed close proximity between T. crocea and T. squamosa and between T. maxima and T. gigas.  However, amino acids sequences of cytochrome c oxidase I gene was not strong enough to discriminate between T. crocea and T. squamosa. The majority of mutations were hydrophobic to hydrophilic amino acids.
EFFECT OF 3, 5, 3'-TRIIODOTHYRONINE (T3) HORMONE ON NUCLEIC ACID AND PROTEIN CONTENT OF THE MUSCLE AND THE GROWTH OF GIANT GOURAMY, OSPHRONEMUS GOURAMY LAC. SRI HANDAYANI; M. ZAIRIN Jr.; ING MOK.OGINTA; MARIA BINTANG
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology No. 24 (2005)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (366.793 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2005.0.24.175

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to study the effect of 3, 5, 3'-triiodothyroninc (Tj) hormone on nucleic acid and protein content of the muscle and the growth of giant gouramy, Osphronemus gouramy  Lac. Five experimental diets, which contain isocaloric diets, but different in T3 hormone level were used in this experiment (0.0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10.0 mg T3 hormone/kg diet). The experimental diets were tested to three different groups offish for sixty days feeding trial. Fish body weight in groups I, II, and III were 0.39-0.42 g/fish; 19.11 -21.99 g/fish, and 37.52-40.79 g/fish, respectively. The results showed that the highest RNA, DNA concentration and RNA/DNA ratio of the muscle were produced by 10.0 mg T3 hormone/kg diet for group I and II; and 2.5 mg T3 hormone/kg diet for group III. Similar results also were found for the protein content of the whole body, protein retention, and the daily growth rate of the fish. Key words :   Osphronemus gouramy/Ti hormone/nucleic acid/protcin/growth
DIVERSITY OF ACTINOMYCETES FROM EKA KARYA BOTANICAL GARDEN, BALI Shanti Ratnakomala; Puspita Lisdiyanti; Nita Rosalinda Prayitno; Evi Triana; Yulin Lestari; Ratih Dwi Hastuti; Yantyati Widyastuti; Misa Otoguro; Katsuhiko Ando; Endang Sukara
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 23 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (342.4 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2016.23.1.504

Abstract

A total of 229 strains of actinomycetes were isolated and identified by full sequence of 16S rRNA gene analysis. Samples consisted of 18 soil and 20 leaf-litter were collected from Eka Karya Botanical Garden, Bali Island, Indonesia. Two isolation methods, i.e. SDS-Yeast Extract (SY) and Rehydration-Centrifugation (RC) were used in this study. Based on 16S rRNA gene analysis, isolated actinomycetes may be grouped into 28 genera. Based on molecular analysis of 16S rRNA gene similarities showed that isolated actinomycetes of Eka Karya Botanical Garden origin is diverse. Analysis on 144 isolates from soil samples, resulted in 24 genera and more than 87 species. Streptomyces is the most dominant genus where 65 isolates or 45% from isolated actinomycetes belong to this genus. It was followed by Actinoplanes (25 isolates =17%). From leaf-littersamples, the total number of 85 isolates may be grouped into 9 genera and more than 41 species. The most dominated genus is Actinoplanes (42 isolates =49%) followed by Catenuloplanes (16 isolates=19%).Keywords: 16S rRNA gene analysis, actinomycetes, biodiversity, Eka Karya Botanical Garden
BIOCONTROL POTENTIAL OF ENDOPHYTIC Aspergillus spp. AGAINST Fusarium verticillioides Ron Patrick Cuagdan Campos; James Kennard Sanz Jacob
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 28 No. 2 (2021): BIOTROPIA Vol.28 No.2, Agustus 2021
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (208.611 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.0.0.0.1274

Abstract

Fusarium verticillioides is the causal agent of ear, stalk and root rot of maize that results in the severe reduction in yields and quality of infected products. Endophytic fungi have been purported as potential candidates in controlling pathogens since they are considered strong plant mutualists that confer disease resilience to their host. The present study was carried out to determine the in vitro antagonistic activity and biocontrol potential of endophytic Aspergillus spp. associated with P. amboinicus leaves against F. verticillioides. Three fungal endophytes from the genus Aspergillus were isolated and identified from the leaves of P. amboinicus, namely A. flavus, A. terreus and A. niger. The fungal isolates were tested for antagonism against F. verticillioides in dual culture plates. Results indicate that the Aspergillus endophytes can restrict growth of F. verticillioides and employ varying mechanisms of antagonism. A. niger inhibited F. verticillioides by 47.37%, followed by A. flavus (41.02%) and A. terreus (27.91%) respectively. Observations of dual culture plates revealed that A. flavus and A. niger antagonized the pathogen via overgrowth mechanism while A. terreus employed antibiosis to restrict the growth of F. verticillioides. The varying degrees of antagonism exhibited by the Aspergillus endophytes show their potential as biocontrol agents and source of bioactive compounds
OCCURRENCE AND DISTRIBUTIONAL RANGE OF MANGROVE VASCULAR FLORA OF CATANDUANES ISLAND, LUZON, PHILIPPINES JIMMY TEVAR MASAGCA
BIOTROPIA Vol. 15 No. 2 (2008)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (92.513 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2008.15.2.68

Abstract

Mangroves play very significant roles not only on the economic aspects but also on the ecological aspects as biobelting for tidal surges and tsunamis. The loss of human lives due to the deadly tsunamis in East Asia and the unabated destruction of coastal vegetation have resulted in a renewed focus on the mangrove resources. The purpose of this paper is to report the existing mangrove database of the typhoon-prone island province of Catanduanes in Luzon, Philippines which will be used as bases in determining the appropriate educational management initiatives of various sectors for mangrove rehabilitation and regeneration.   A total of 37 species of mangrove vascular flora (13 species of major mangrove elements, 10 species of minor mangrove elements and 14 associated mangrove species) were identified in the island under study. Two species of the genus Avicennia (A. marina and A. officinalis) were noted in the island. The other genera (Bruguiera, Ceriops, Sonneratia and Rhizophora) are well distributed in the designated eco-zones. Nypa fruticans is the most important mangrove plant species and a member of the screwpine family (Pandanaceae), Pandanus tectorius which is an associated mangrove species is well-distributed all throughout the island.Key words:  Mangroves, vascular flora, Catanduanes, Philippines, occurrence and distribution.
IN VITRO CONSERVATION OF COCONUT (Cocos nucifera L.) EMBRYOS IN CULTURE MEDIA SUKENDAH SUKENDAH; MA L. O CEDO
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology No. 25 (2005)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (210.667 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2005.0.25.210

Abstract

The possibility of delaying the germination of mature coconut embryos  in vitro for medium-term conservation of coconut was investigated.  Embryos of coconut was stored in sugar free, full-strength and half-strength MS media for 3 months with minimal loss in viability.  Germinability of embryos decreased with prolonged storage.  At the end of 9-month storage period, embryos kept in full-strength media were all non-germinable, while those stored in half-strength media still gave 15% germination.  Addition of mannitol up to 0.3M did show any significant effect  on germination of embryos stored for 3 months.  However, longer period of storage helps to a certain extent in the preservation of embryo viability.  The presence of mannitol in the storage medium also induced morphological abnormalities in seedlings derived subsequently from the stored embryos.  Mannitol at 0.4M was totally deleterious to the embryo.  Significance of these findings on coconut genetic resources conservation are discussed.  Keywords:  In vitro conservation/Coconut embryo.
EFFECT OF INVASIVE Ageratina adenophora ON SPECIES RICHNESS AND COMPOSITION OF SAPROTROPHIC AND PATHOGENIC SOIL FUNGI Sujan Balami; Lal B. Thapa; Sanjay Kumar Jha
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 24 No. 3 (2017)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (28.16 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2017.24.3.702

Abstract

Belowground modification of soil microbial community by invasive plants is well evident. Similar instances of Ageratina adenophora invasion have been reported. This study was aimed to determine the effect of A. adenophora invasion on species richness, species or community composition and occurrence frequency of soil fungi. These  parameters were analyzed using culture method on invaded and uninvaded soils. Species richness of soil fungi was lower in the A. adenophora invaded soil compared to the uninvaded soil. The occurrence frequency of particular fungi  was different for those two soil conditions. A. adenophora also altered soil fungi species composition in the invaded soil by replacing saprophytic fungi and accumulating pathogenic fungi. Thus, A. adenophora is associated to lower species richness of saprophytic soil fungi and high occurrence frequency of pathogenic soil fungi. This study concluded that the invasive A. adenophora modifies belowground soil fungi communities as one of the mechanisms involved in the successful invasion of A. adenophora.
REVIEW OF AQUACULTURE GENETIC RESEARCHES IN THAILAND UTHAIRAT NA-NAKORN
BIOTROPIA No. 6 (1992)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (148.403 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.1992.0.6.107

Abstract

NO ABSTACT

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