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Journal of Tropical Soils
Published by Universitas Lampung
ISSN : 0852257X     EISSN : 20866682     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.v25i1
Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science
Journal of Tropical Soils (JTS) publishes all aspects in the original research of soil science (soil physic and soil conservation, soil mineralogy, soil chemistry and soil fertility, soil biology and soil biochemical, soil genesis and classification, land survey and land evaluation, land development and management environmental), and related subjects in which using soil from tropical areas.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Lingkungan (semua ketegori) - Konservasi Alam dan Lahan
Articles 817 Documents
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Characteristics of Soil Fauna Communities and Habitat in Small- Holder Cocoa Plantation in South Konawe Kilowasid, Laode Muhammad Harjoni; Syamsudin, Tati Suryati; Susilo, Franciscus Xaverius; Sulistyawati, Endah; Syaf, Hasbullah
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 18 No. 2: May 2013
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2013.v18i2.149-159

Abstract

The composition of the soil fauna community have played an important role in regulating decomposition and nutrient cycling in agro-ecosystems (include cocoa plantation). Changes in food availability and conditions in the soil habitat can affected the abundance and diversity of soil fauna. This study aimed: (i) to analyze the pattern of changes in soil fauna community composition and characteristic of soil habitat based on the age increasing of cocoa plantation, and (ii) to identify taxa of soil fauna and factors of soil habitat which differentiate among the cocoa plantations. Sampling of soil, roots and soil fauna was conducted from cocoa plantation aged 4, 5, 7, 10, and 16years. Difference in composition of the soil fauna community between ages of the cocoa plantation is significant. Profile of soil habitats was differ significantly between the cocoa plantations, except 5 and 7 years aged. A group of soil fauna has relatively limited in its movement, and sensitively to changes in temperature, soil acidity, and the availability of food and nitrogen are taxa differentiating between soil fauna communities. Soil physic-chemical conditions that affect metabolic activity, movement, and the availability of food for soil fauna is a  distinguishing factor of the characteristics of the soil habitat between different ages of smallholder cocoa plantations.Keywords: Abundance, arthropod, composition, nematodes[How to Cite: Kilowasid LMH, TS Syamsudin, F X Susilo, E Sulistyawati and H Syaf. 2013.Characteristics of Soil Fauna Communities and Habitat in Small-Holder Cocoa Plantation in South Konawe. J Trop Soils 18 (2): 149-159. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2013.18.2.149][Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2013.18.2.149]REFERENCESAdejuyigbe CO, G Tian and GO Adeoye.1999. Soil microarthropod populations under natural and planted fallows in Southwestern Nigeria. 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Ayres, D.H Wall and R.D Bardgett. 2010. Soil biodiversity and carbon cycling: a review and synthesis of studies examining diversity–function relationships. Eur J Soil Sci 62: 105-116.Panesar TS and VG Marshall. 2005. Monograph of soil nematodes from Coastal Douglas-Fir Forests in British Columbia. Royal Roads University, Canada. Available at: http://www.royalroads.net/nematodes. Peck SL, B Macquaid and CL Campbell. 1998. Using ant species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) as a biological indicator of Agroecosystem condition. Environ Entomol 27: 1102-1110.Pradhan GB and MC Dash. 1987. Distribution and population dynamics of soil nematodes in a tropical forest ecosystem from Sambalpur, India. Proc Indian Acad Sci (Anim Sci) 96: 395-402.Rovira P and VR Vallejo. 2002. Labile and recalcitrant pool of carbon and nitrogen in organic matter decomposing at different depth in soil: an acid hydrolysis approach. Geoderma 107: 109-141.Ruf A, L Beck, P Dreher, K Hund-Rinke, J Römbke and J Spelda. 2003. 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Synergism of Wild Grass and Hydrocarbonoclastic Bacteria in Petroleum Biodegradation Gofar, Nuni
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 18 No. 2: May 2013
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2013.v18i2.161-168

Abstract

The concept of plants and microbes utilization for remediation measure of pollutant contaminated soil is the newest development in term of petroleum waste management technique. The research objective was to obtain wild grass types and hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria which are capable to synergize in decreasing petroleum concentration within petroleum contaminated soil. This research was conducted by using randomized completely block design. This research was conducted by using randomized completely block design. The first factor treatments were consisted of without plant, Tridax procumbens grass and Lepironia mucronata grass. The second factor treatments were consisted of without bacterium, single bacterium of Alcaligenes faecalis, single bacterium of Pseudomonas alcaligenes, and mixed bacteria of Alcaligenes faecalis with P. alcaligenes. The results showed that mixed bacteria (A.  faecalis and P. alcaligenes) were capable to increase the crown and roots dry weights of these two grasses, bacteria population, percentage of TPH (total petroleum hydrocarbon) decrease as well as TPH decrease and better pH value than that of single bacterium. The highest TPH decrease with magnitude of 70.1% was obtained on treatment of L. mucronata grass in combination with mixed bacteria.[How to Cite: Gofar N. 2013.Synergism of Wild Grass and Hydrocarbonoclastic Bacteria in Petroleum Biodegradation. J Trop Soils 18 (2): 161-168. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2013.18.2.161][Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2013.18.2.161]REFERENCESBello YM. 2007. Biodegradation of Lagoma crude oil using pig dung.  Afr J Biotechnol 6: 2821-2825.Gerhardt KE, XD Huang, BR Glick and BM Greenberg. 2009. Phytoremediation and rhizoremediation of organic soil contaminants: Potential and challenges. Plant Sci 176: 20-30.Glick BR. 2010. 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Impact of Land Use Change and Land Management on Irrigation Water Supply in Northern Java Coast Tarigan, Suria Darma; Tukayo, Rudolf Kristian
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 18 No. 2: May 2013
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2013.v18i2.169-176

Abstract

In Indonesia, paddy irrigation covers an area of 7,230,183 ha. Ten percent (10%) of those area or 797,971 ha were supplied by reservoirs. As many as 237,790 ha (30%) of those area supplied by reservoirs are situated downstream of Citarum Watershed called Northern Java Coast Irrigation Area or Pantura. Therefore, Citarum watershed is one of the most important watershed in Indonesia. Citarum is also categorized as one of most degraded watershed in Java. The study aimed to evaluate influence of land use change on irrigation water supply in Citarum watershed and land management strategies to reduce the impact. Tremendous land use change occurred in the past ten years in Citarum watershed. Settlement areas increases more than a double during 2000 to 2009 (81,686 ha to 176,442 ha) and forest area decreased from 71,750 ha to 9,899 ha in the same time period. Land use change influences irrigation water supply through 2 factors: a) decreasing storage capacity of watershed (hydrologic functions) for dry season, and b) decreasing storage capacity of reservoirs due to the sedimentation. Change of Citarum  watershed hydrologic function was analyzed using 24 years’ time series discharge data (1984-2008) in combination with rainfall data from 2000 to 2008. Due to the land use change in this time period, discharge tend to decrease despite of increasing trendof rainfall. As a result irrigation area decreased 9,355 ha during wet season and 10,170 ha during dry season in the last ten years. Another threat for sustainability of water irrigation supply is reservoir sedimentation. Sedimentation rate in the past 10 years has reduced upper Citarum reservoir (Saguling) half-life period (½ capacity sedimented) from 294 to 28 years. If proper land management strategies be carried out, the half-life period of Saguling reservoir can be extended up to 86,4 yearsKeywords: Citarum watershed, improved land management, irrigation water supply, land use change, sedimentation [How to Cite: Tarigan SD and RK Tukayo. 2013.Impact of Land Use Change and Land Management on Irrigation Water Supply in Northern Java Coast. JTrop Soils 18 (2): 169-176. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2013.18.2.169][Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2013.18.2.169]REFERENCESAsdak. 2004. Hidrologi dan Pengelolaan Daerah Aliran Sungai. Gadjah Mada University Press. Yogyakarta (in Indonesian).BBWSC [Balai Besar Wilayah Sungai Citarum]. 2011.  Peta Informasi Citarum 2011.  Direktorat Jenderal Sumber Daya Air Departemen Pekerjaan Umum (in Indonesian).Bols PL. 1978. Iso Erodents Map of Java Madura. Technical  Assistant Project ATA 105. Soil Research Institute, Bogor, Indonesia. 39 ppBPDAS [Balai Pengelolaan Daerah Aliran Sungai] Citarum Ciliwung. 2008a. Pengelolaan DAS Terpadu – DAS Citarum (Buku I: Laporan utama). BPDAS Citarum Ciliwung, Ditjen RLPS Dephut. Bogor (in Indonesian).BPDAS [Balai Pengelolaan Daerah Aliran Sungai] Citarum Ciliwung. 2008b. Pengelolaan DAS Terpadu – DAS Citarum (Buku II: Data dan Informasi). BPDAS Citarum-Ciliwung, Ditjen RLPS Dephut. Bogor (in Indonesian).Bruijnzeel LA.  2004. Hydrological functions of tropical forests: Not seeing the soil for the trees? Agric Ecosyst Environ 104: 185-228.Cita. 2012. Dua puluh dua (22) Hotspost in the Citarum River Basin. www.citarum.org. Accesed on 10 October 2012.ICWRM [Integrated Citarum Water Resources Management]. 2012.  Atlas Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Air Terpadu Wilayah Sungai Citarum. Cooperation between ADB and Bappenas (in Indonesian). Kimwaga RJ, F Bukirwa, N Banadda, UG Walic, I  Nhapi and DA Mashauri. 2012. Modelling the impact of land use changes on sediment loading into lakeVictoria using SWAT model: A Case of Simiyu Catchment Tanzania. Open Environ Eng J  5: 66-76.Legowo S, KI Hadihardaja and Azmeri. 2009.  Estimation of bank erosion due to reservoir operation in cascade  (Case Study: Citarum Cascade Reservoir). ITB J Eng Sci. 41: 148-166.Perum Jasa Tirta II. 2001. Pengalaman Mengelola Bendungan Besar Waduk Ir. H. Djuanda. Perum Jasa Tirta II. Jatiluhur (in Indonesian).Shi ZH, L Ai, NF Fang and HD Zhu. 2012. Modeling the impacts of integrated small watershed management on soil erosion and sediment delivery: A case study in the Three Gorges Area, China. J Hydrol 438: 156-167.Tukayo RK. 2011. Evaluasi perubahan penggunaan lahan DAS Citarum dan dampaknya terhadap suplai air irigasi. [Thesis]. Institut Pertanian Bogor (in Indonesian).Verhaeghe RJ, B. Adriaanse and SD Tarigan. 2010. Assessment of erosion sensitivity and watershed conservation interventions for Upper Citarum basin. TA 7189-INO: Institutional Strengthening for Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM). 6Ci’s River Basin Territory, Component B2: Spatial planning.Wang G, H Jiang, Z Hu, L Wang and W Yue. 2012. Evaluating the effect of land use changes on soil erosion and sediment yield using a grid-based distributed modelling approach. Hydrol Processes 23: 35790-3592.Yan B., NF Fang, PC Zhang and ZH She.  2013. Impacts of land use change on watershed stream flow and sediment yield: An assessment using hydrologic modelling and partial least squares regression. J Hydrol 484: 26-37.Yang  H  H, O Jaafar, A El-Shafie and S Mastura, 2011. Impact of land-use changes toward base-flow regime in Lui and Langkat Dengkil sub-basin. Int J Phys Sci 6: 4690-4976. Zheng  H, L Zhang, R  Zhu, C  Liu, Y  Sato and Y Fukushima, 2009. Responses of streamflow to climate and land surface change in the headwaters of the Yellow River Basin. Water Resour Res 45 (W00A19). doi: 10.1029/2007WR006665.
Relationship between Sampling Distance and Carbon Dioxide Emission under Oil Palm Plantation Dariah, Ai
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 18 No. 2: May 2013
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2013.v18i2.%p

Abstract

A carbon dioxide emission on peatland under oil palm plantation was highly varied due to many factors involved. The objectives of the research were to evaluate the effect of sampling distance from center of oil palm tree on Carbon dioxide flux, and  to study the factors that cause variability of carbon dioxide flux on peatland under oil palm plantation.  The study was conducted on peatland at Arang-Arang Village, Kumpek Ulu Sub-District, Muaro Jambi District, Jambi Province, on six-years old oil palm plantation.  The study was conducted in the form of observationalexploratory.  Emission measurements were performed on 5 selected oil palm trees at points within 100, 150, 200, 250,300, 350, and 400 cm from the center of trunk.  Carbon dioxide flux was measured using (IRGA), Li-COR 820.  The results showed that there was significant correlation between the distance of sampling from center of oil palm tree and Carbon dioxide flux.  The farther distance from the tree, the more decreased of Carbon dioxide flux . Before applying fertilizer, variability of soil fertility was not significantly correlated with the flux of Carbon dioxide, so the difference of Carbon dioxide flux based on distance sampling can be caused by root distribution factor.  After fertilizer application, variability of Carbon dioxide flux under the oil palm tree were not only affected by differences in root distribution but also greatly influenced by fertilization.Keywords: Carbon dioxide flux, distance sampling, oil palm, peat, root-related respiration
Zeolite Utilization as a Catalyst and Nutrient Adsorbent of an Organic Fertilizer Process From Palm Oil Mill Effluent as Raw Material Nursanti, Ida; Budianta, Dedik; Napoleon, Adipati; Parto, Yakup
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 18 No. 3: September 2013
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2013.v18i3.177-184

Abstract

Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) cannot be directly used as an organic fertilizer source due to its high Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) thus it is not  environmentally safely. To increase the high quality of organic fertilizer obtained, the liquid wastes are needed to be processed in order to decrease the BOD to degrade both the soluble and suspension materials of organic materials. The altenative process to be conducted to make a better quality of POME is by adding the adsorbent. The aim of the research was to study the effect of zeolite utilization and duration of hydrolysis process in order to increase the nutrients content and to decrease the BOD of POME. The research was conducted at  the PT Sumbertama Nusa Pertiwi Jambi, Indonesia in August 2012 until February 2013. The sample of POME was taken from the inlet of the factory’s  acidulating pool. There were several doses of zeolite  as treatments which were 0, 5, 10, 15% and several durations of hydrolysis process which were 1,2,3 and 4 weeks. Active zeolite was added to POME and then it was fermented with different hydrolysis duration times as mentioned above. The research showed that application of  zeolite  and  duration of hydrolysis process significantly affected the pH, N,  P, K, Al, Fe, BOD of  POME and the adsorption of  N, P, K, Al, Fe by zeolite. It can be concluded that 10% of zeolite incubated  in  two weeks duration of hydrolysis process produced higher nutrient of N, P, K  with BOD, Al, Fe and pH matched  with the waste quality standard. The highest efficiency of  N, P and K adsorbent was show by the 15% of zeolite  which was incubated for two weeks of hydrolysis process.Keyword: Hydrolysis process duration, nutrient content, palm oil mill effluent, zeolite.[How to Cite: Nursanti I, D Budianta, A Napoleon and Y Parto. 2013.Zeolite Utilization as a Catalyst and Nutrient Adsorbent of an Organic Fertilizer Process From Palm Oil Mill Effluent as Raw Material. JTrop Soils 18 (3): 177-184. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2013.18.3.177][Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2013.18.3.177] REFERENCESAno AO and CI Ubochi. 2007. Neutralization of soil acidity by animal manures: mechanism of reaction. Afr J Biotechnol 6: 364-368.Budianta D. 2005. Potensi limbah cair pabrik kelapa sawit sebagai sumber hara untuk tanaman perkebunan. Dinamika Pert 20: 273-282 (in Indonesian).Djajadi B Helianto and N Hidayah. 2010. Pengaruh media tanam dan frekuensi pemberian air terhadap sifat fisik, kimia dan biologi tanah serta pertumbuhan jarak pagar. J Littri 16: 64-69 (in Indonesian).Dhayat NR. 2011. Bioremediasi lumpur minyak bumi dengan zeolit dan mikroorganisme serta pengujiannya terhadap tanaman sengon                                      (Paraserianthes falcataria).http://pustaka. unpad.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/2009/04/bioremediasi_lumpur_minyak_bumi_ dengan_zeolit_dan_mikroorganisme.pdf       (accessed on 23   December 2011).Ersoy B and MS Celik. 2003. Effect of hydrocarbon chain length on adsorption of cationic onto clinoptilolite. Clay Clay Miner 51: 173-181.Fungaro DA. 2002. Removal of toxic metals from waters using zeolites from coal. J Environ Qual 2: 116-120.Feuerstein M, RJ Accardi and RF Lobo. 2000. Adsorption of nitrogen and oxygen in the zeolit. J Phys Chem 104: 1082-1087.Gu Z, F Buyuksonmez, S Gajaraj and N Edward. 2011. Adsorption of phosphate by goethite and zeolite: effects of humic substances from green waste compost. ProQuest Agric J  19 : 197-204.Jabri A. 2008. Kajian metode penetapan kapasitas tukar kation zeolit sebagai pembenah tanah untuk lahan pertanian terdegradasi. Jurnal Standardisasi. 10(2): 56-69 (in Indonesian).Karamah EF, Syafrizal and  AN Sari. 2010. Pengolahan limbah campuran logam Fe, Cu, Ni dan ammonia menggunakan metode flotasi-filtrasi dengan zeolit alam Lampung sebagai bahan pengikat. Proseding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Lembaga Penelitian UGM. 26 Januari 2010.Yogyakarta (in Indonesian).Kundari NA,  A Susanto and MC Prihatiningsih. 2010. Adsorpsi Fe dan Mn dalam limbah cair dengan zeolit alam. Seminar Nasional VI Sdm Teknologi Nuklir Yogyakarta, 18 November 2010 (in Indonesian). Li Z, D Allesi and L Allen. 2000. Influence of quartenary ammonium of sorption of selected metal cations onto clinoptilolite zeolite. J Environ Qual 31: 1106-1114.Luturkey YA, A Ahmad and SZ Amraini. 2010. Uji kinerja bioreaktor hibrid anaerob bermedia tandan kosong dan pelepah sawit dalam penyisihan COD limbah cair pabrik minyak sawit. Prosiding Seminar Teknik Kimia. ITB, Bandung (in Indonesian).Ma AN. 2000. Environmental Management for the Oil Palm Industry. Palm Oil Dev 30: 1- 10.Oste LA, TM Lexmond and V Riemsdijk. 2002. Metal immobilization in soils using synthetic zeolites. J Environ Qual 31: 813-821.Raharjo PN. 2009. Studi banding teknologi pengolahan limbah cair pabrik kelapa sawit. J Teknol Lingk 10: 9-18 (in Indonesian).Raharjo PN. 2006. Teknologi pengelolaan limbah cair yang ideal untuk pabrik kelapa sawit. J Agr Indon 2 : 66-72 (in Indonesian).Simanjuntak H. 2009.  Studi korelasi antara BOD dengan unsur hara N, P dan K dari Limbah Cair Pabrik Kelapa Sawit [Thesis]. Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Sumatera Utara Medan (in Indonesian).Sumarlin LO, S Muharam and A Vitaria. 2008. Pemerangkapan ammonium (NH4+) dari urine dengan zeolit pada berbagai variasi konsentrasi urine. J Valensi 1: 110-117 (in Indonesian).Susanti PD and S Panjaitan. 2010. Manfaat zeolit dan rock phosphat dalam pengemposan limbah pasar. Prosiding Standardisasi 4 Agustus 2010. Banjarmasin (in Indonesian).Vaulina E. 2002. Potensi zeolit alam sebagai absorban logam-logam berat pada limbah perairan. Majalah Ilmiah  2: 1-8 (in Indonesian).Waluyo L. 2009. Mikrobiologi Lingkungan. Edisi 2. UMM Press. Malang. 341 p. (in Indonesian).
Dynamic of Saline Soil Cations after NaCl Application on Rice Growth and Yields Mindari, Wanti; Guntoro, Wuwut; Kusuma, Zaenal; Syekhfani, .
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 18 No. 3: September 2013
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2013.v18i3.185-194

Abstract

Saline soil cation dynamic is determined by the proportion of salt cations dissolved either acidic or alkaline.  Common base cations in saline soil are in the proportion of  Na >  Ca >  Mg >  K.  They affects the availability of water,  nutrients, and plant growth.  The six level of  NaCl  were 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, and  75 mM  and  two  types of  soil  (saline and non saline) from Gununganyar and Mojokerto were evaluated  to soil sample cations taken from  depth of  0-5, 5-10, 10-15, and 15-20 cm. Rice growth and yields were measured. The experiment indicated  that increasing doses of NaCl increased the soil Na after rice harvest and decreased K, Ca and Mg contents, both of non-saline and saline soil, decreased of rice growth and yield (straw, grain, number of tiller).  NaCl up to 30 mM  caused highest Ca:Mg ratio, about 8, suppressed nutrient available, inhibited root growth and reduced nutrient uptake.Keywords:  Cation dynamic,  NaCl,  rice yield , saline soil[How to Cite: Mindari W, WGuntoro, Z Kusuma and Syekhfani. 2013.Dynamic of Saline Soil Cations after NaCl Application on Rice Growth and Yields. JTrop Soils 18 (3): 185-194. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2013.18.3.185][Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2013.18.3.185]REFERENCESAkram M, MY Ashraf, R Ahmad, EA Waraich, J Iqbal and M Mohsan. 2010. Screening for salt tolerance in maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids at an early seedling stage. Pakistan J Bot  42: 141-154.Bohn H,  BL McNeal and GA O’Connor. 2001. Soil Chemistry, Third Edition. John Wiley and Sons. Inc. 307p. Carmona FC, I Anghinoni, MJ Holzschuh and MH Andrighetti.  2010.  Cation dynamics in soils with different salinity levels growing irrigated rice. Rev Bras Ciênc Solo 34: 1851-1863. Ching PC and SA Barber. 1979.  Evaluation of temperature effects on K  uptake by corn. Agron J 71: 1040- 1044.da Silva EN, RV Ribeiro, SLF Silva,  RA Viégas and JAG Silveira. 2011. Salt stress induced damages on the photosynthesis of physic nut young plants Sci Agric  68: 62-68.Gacitua M, M  Antilen and M Briceno. 2008. K–Ca–Mg binary cation exchange in saline soils from the north of Chile. Aust J Soil Res 46:  745-750.Junita Y, YK Kazutake and K Takashi. 2005. Application effects of controlled-availability- fertilizer on the dynamics of soil solution composition in the root zone. http://natres.psu.ac.th/Link/SoilCongress/bdd/symp14/2095-t.pdf. Accessed on 20 February 2013.Korb N, C Jones and J Jacobsen. 2005. Secondary  Macronutrients: Cycling, Testing and Fertilizer  Recommendations.  Nutrient Management Module No. 5. Montana state University extension service.16 p. Landon JR. 1984. Booker Tropical Soil Manual. United State of America. Longman, New york, Academic Press. 227 p.Mindari W, Maroeto and Syekhfani. 2009. Efek pemberian air salin rekayasa pada EC tanah dengan amelioran bahan organik. Prosiding  Seminar Nasional Fakultas Pertanian dan LPPM UPN “Veteran“ Jatim, Surabaya (in Indonesian). Nakamura Y, K Tanaka, E Ohta and M Sakata. 1990. Protective effect of external Ca2 on elongation and the intracellular concentration of K   in intact mung bean root under high NaCl stress. Plant Cell Physiol 31:  815-821.Nassem I and HN Bhatti. 2000. Organic Matter and salt concentration effect cation exchange equilibria in non-calcareous soils. Pakistan J  Biol Sci  3: 1110-1112.Nosetto M D, E G Jobba´gy, T To´th and CM Di Bella. 2007. The effects of tree establishment on water and salt dynamics in naturally salt-affected grasslands. Oecologia 152: 695-705.Rachman A, GM Subiksa, D Erfandi  and P Slavich. 2008.  Dynamics of  tsunami-affected soil properties. In: F Agus and G Tinning (eds).  International Workshop on Post Tsunami Soil Management, Bogor, Indonesia, 1-2 July 2008, pp. 51-64.Rengasamy P. 2006. World salinization with emphasis on Australia. J Exp Bot 57: 1017-1023.Shani U and  LM Dudley.  2001. Field Studies of Crop Response to Water and Salt Stress. Soil Sci  Soc    Am J 65: 1522-1528.Slaton NA, D Dunn and B Pugh. 2004.  Potassium nutrition of flood-irrigated rice. Better Crops 88: 20-22Yuniati  R. 2004. Penapisan galur kedelai Glycine Max (L.) Merrill toleran terhadap NaCl untuk penanaman di lahan salin. Makara - Sains 8:  21-24.Zeng L and Shannon MC. 2000. Salinity effects on seedling growth and  yield components of rice. Crop Sci 40:  996-1003.
Effect Modification of the Rice Technology Package to Improve Production Gripped Iron Utama, M Zulman Harja; Sunadi, .; Haryoko, Widodo
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 18 No. 3: September 2013
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2013.v18i3.195-202

Abstract

Rice is an important food crop in the world’s second after wheat and estimated rice demand in 2015 reached 55.8 million Mg.  Ministry of health stated that approximately 100 million people in Indonesia are suffer micronutrient deficiencies (iron and iodine), because they cannot afford to buy nutritious food but rely solely on the nutritional intake of rice. This study aimed to get the rice technology package to increase rice production that gripped the iron. This study consisted of two experiments which were test technology package with sri cultivation system and test modification technology packet with conventional cropping system. The experiment was arranged in a factorial with a completely randomized design and  three replications. The experiments were conducted from May to October 2012 in Koto Baru of Dharmasraya District, West Sumatra. In rice cultivation gripped Fe2+ with the system rice intensificatin (SRI).  The results showed thta the best package technology was the combination of: Krueng Aceh + peat soil (saphrict) 20 Mg ha-1 + square (10 × 10) × 30 cm with one seed per hole (age 10 days) + 5.0 mg kg-1 auxin. In this package technology, production of milled rice was 7.06 Mg ha-1, while the iron content in rice grain varieties Krueng Aceh and Tukad Balian were 31.44 mg kg-1 and 34.99 mg kg-1, respectively.Keywords: Auxin,  Fe2+, rice package technology [How to Cite: Utama MZH, Sunadi and W Haryoko. 2013. Effect Modification of the Rice Technology Package toImproveProduction Gripped Iron. JTrop Soils 18 (3): 195-202. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2013.18.3.195][Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2013.18.3.195]REFERENCESAmang B dan  MH Sawit. 1999. Kebijakan beras dan pangan nasional, pelajaran dari orde baru dan era reformasi. IPB, Bogor (in Indonesian). Anonymous. 2007. Kabupaten Dharmasraya dalam angka. Bappeda Dharmasraya dan BPS, Sumbar (in Indonesian). Anonymous. 2012. Padi berkadar besi tinggi dari kedelai, upaya mengatasi anemia.  Kompas, 22 November 2012 (in Indonesian). Audebert A and KL Sahrawat. 2000. Mechanisms for iron toxicity tolerance in lowland rice. J Plant Nutr 23: 1877-1885.Barchia MF. 2009. Agroekosistem tanah mineral masam. UGM, Press. Yokyakarta (in Indonesian).Becker M and F Asch. 2005. Iron toxicity in rice-condition and management concept. J Plant Nutr Soil Sci. 168: 558-573.Bilman  WS. 2008. Modifikasi lingkungan melalui sistem penanaman serta penambahan bahan organik dan zat pengatur tumbuh dalam upaya peningkatan produktifitas padi gogo (Oryza sativa L.). Disertasi, Unand. Padang (in Indonesian).Delhaize E and  PR  Ryan. 1995. Aluminum toxicity and tolerance in plants. Plant physiol. 107: 315-321.Dorlodot S, S Lutts, and P Bertin. 2005. Effect of ferrous iron toxicity on the growth and mineral competition of an interspecific rice. J Plant Nutr. 28: 1-20. Haryoko W, Kasli, I. Suliansyah,  A Syarif and TB Prasetyo. 2012. Toleransi beberapa varietas padi sawah gambut berkorelasi dengan kandungan asam fenolat. J Agron Indon 40: 112-118 (in Indonesian).Hopkins WG. 1995. Introduction to Plant Physiology. The University of  Western Ontario. John Wiley and Sons, INC.Finesso GM. 2012. Mencari padi berzat besi tinggi, memanen matahari. Kompas, 12 Juni 2012 (in Indonesian).ageria NK, AB Santos, MPB Filho and CM Guimaraes. 2008. Iron toxicity in lowland rice. J Plant Nutr 31:  1676-1697.Ma JF. 2000. Role of organic acids in detoxification of aluminum in higher plants. Plant Cell Physiol 41: 383-390.Noor A, I Lubis, M Ghulamahdi, MA Chozin, K Anwarand and D. Wirnas. 2012. Pengaruh konsentrasi besi dalam larutan hara terhadap gejala keracunan besi dan pertumbuhan tanaman padi. J Agron Indonesia 40: 91-98Peng XX and M Yamauchi. 1993.  Ethylene production in rice bronzing leaves induced by ferrous iron. Plant Soil 149: 227-234.Rengel Z. 2000. Mineral nutrition of crops, fundamental mechanisms and implications. Food production press, Binghamton.Sahrawat  KL. 2004. Iron toxicity in wetland rice and the role of other nutrients. J Plant Nutr 27: 1471-1504.Sahrawat KL. 2010. Reducing iron toxicity in lowland rice with tolerant genotypes and plant nutrition. J Plant Stress 4:70-75.Salisbury FB and CW Ross. 1992. Plant physiology. Fourth edition. Wadsworth, Belmont, California. 681 p.Sunadi, M Kasim, A Syarif and N Akhir. 2006. Pertumbuhan dan hasil padi sawah dalam metode SRI dengan pengaturan jumlah bibit rumpun per rumpun  sistem tanam satu-satu. J Gakuryoku 12: 120-123 (in Indonesian).Sunadi,  I Wahidi and  MZH Utama. 2010. Penapisan varietas padi toleran cekaman Fe2+ pada sawah bukaan baru dari aspek agronomi dan fisiologi. J Akta Agrosia 13: 16-23 (in Indonesian).Utama MZH. 2008. Mekanisme fisiologi toleransi cekaman aluminium  pada spesies  legum penutup tanah  terhadap metabolisme Nitrat (NO3-), amonium (NH4+), dan nitrit (NO2). Bull Agron  36: 175-179 (in Indonesian). Utama MZH. 2010a. Penapisan varietas padi gogo toleran cekaman aluminium. J Agron Indon 38: 163-169 (in Indonesian).Utama  MZH. 2010b. Effect of  NaCl-stress on metabolism of NO3-, NH4+ and NO2- at several rice varieties. J Trop Soils 15: 189-194.  doi: 10.5400/jts.2010.15.3.189.Utama MZH,  W Haryoko, R  Munir  and  Sunadi. 2009. Penapisan varietas padi toleran salinitas pada lahan rawa  di  Kabupaten  Pesisir  Selatan. J Agron Indon 37: 101-106 (in Indonesian). Utama MZH,  I  Wahidi and Sunadi. 2012. Response of some rice cultivars seized with Fe2+  new opening paddy fields with multi package technology. J Trop Soils 17: 239-244. doi: 10.5400/jts.2012.17.3.239.Yang  J,  S  Peng,  Z  Zhang,  Z  Wang,  RM  Visperas, Q  Zhuand  and L Liu. 2002. Grain and dry matter yields and partitioning of assimilates in japonica/indica hybrid rice. Crop Sci 42: 766-772.Yayock  JY,  G Lombin and JJ Owonuhi. 1997.  Crop Science and production in warm climates. Mac Millan Intermediate Agriculture series. General of ochapa in Ozomi.
Soil pH and Solubility of Aluminum, Iron, and Phosphorus in Ultisols: the Roles of Humic Acid Ifansyah, Hairil
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 18 No. 3: September 2013
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2013.v18i3.203-208

Abstract

Soil reaction (pH), aluminum (Al), iron (Fe) and phosphorus (P) are the parameters which presences in soil are related to each other. The role of each parameter on the grow than development of plants is very significant. Liming and organic mater amendment are some efforts that are frequently performed to increase the pH and P solubility and suppress the solubility of Al and Fe in the soil. Humic acid is one of the organic fractions which is presumed has roles and is closely related to the changes in soil chemical properties as mentioned above. Information about the role of humic acid on the soil pH, the solubility of Al, Fe, and P, especially in upland acidic Ultisols is still limited.  This study aims to: provide empirical data on the roles of various humic acids to soil pH and the solubility of Al, Fe, and P, specifically in upland acidic Ultisols.  The study was a laboratory experiment with a single factor which set by using a completely randomized block design and conducted in two sets of experiments. The first experiment is intended to study the roles of various humic acids derived from several sources (commercial humic acid, humic acids extracted from composted chicken manure, humic acids extracted from composted cow manure and humic acids extracted from composted goat manure) to the soil pH and solubility of Al, Fe, and P. The second experiment was aimed to see the patterns of relationships between application of humic acid (sold commercially) on pH and solubility of Al, Fe, and P. The results showed that humic acid was able to increase the soil pH, solubility of phosphorus, and suppressed the solubility of iron and aluminum with linear patterns of relationships. In increasing the pH, solubility of phosphorus, and suppressing the solubility of iron and aluminum in the soil, humic acid that is sold commercially, at the same amount of C-organics, has greater roles than those derived from organic matter of compost extracts and from organic matter of compost.Key words: Aluminum, Humic acid, iron, pH, phosphorus[How to Cite: Ifansyah H. 2013. Soil pH and Solubility of Aluminum, Iron, and Phosphorus in Ultisols: the Roles of Humic Acid. JTrop Soils 18 (3): 203-208. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2013.18.3.203][Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2013.18.3.203]REFERENCESAgbenin JO.  2003.  Extractable iron and alumunium effects on phosphate sorbtion  in a Savanna Alfisol.  Soil Sci Soc Am J 67: 589-595Andrian RDP. 1990.  Hubungan Antara Susunan Asam Humat dan Asam Fulfat serta Kemasaman Total Bahan Organik Tanah dengan pH Tanah. Aluminium dan N Tersedia. [Skripsi]. FakultasPertanian Universitas Lambung Mangkurat.  Banjarbaru.Antelo J, F Arce, M Avena,  S Fiol, R Lopez and F. Macias.  2007.  Adsorption of humic acid at the surface of goethite and its competitipe interaction with phosphate.  Geoderma 138: 12-17.Arifin F, B Radjagukguk and BH Purwanto.  2009.  Phosphate and ferrous solubility on acid sulphate soils treated with rice straw. J Trop Soils 14: 119-125Balai Penelitian Tanah. 2005.  Petunjuk Teknis Analisis Kimia Tanah. Tanaman Air. Dan Pupuk.  Balai Penelitian Tanah Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian Departemen Pertanian.  Bogor. (in Indonesian).Bohn HL, BL McNeal and GA O’Connor.  1985.  Soil Chemistry (second edition).  John Wiley  & Sons Inc.  New York. Chichester. Brisbane. Toronto. Singapore.  pp. 135-141.Gupta US.  1997.  Crop Improvement Volume 2: Stress Tolerance.  Science Publishers. Inc.  303 p.Hayes MHB and RS Swift.  1990.  Genesis, isolation. composition and structures of soil humic substances. In:  MF De Booth, MHB Hayes and A Herbilon (eds). Soil Colloids and their Associations in Aggregates. Plenum Press. New York. pp. 245-305.Kononova MM, T Z  Nowakowsky and ACD. Newman.  1986.  Soil Organic matter its Nature. its Role in Soil Formation and in Soil Fertility.  Permagmon Press.  Oxford.Leiwakabessy FM.  1989. Management of Acid Humic Tropical Soils in Indonesia. In: ET Craswell and E. Pushparajah (eds). Management of Acid Soils in the Humid Tropics of Asia. ACIAR  Monograph No.13 (IBSRAM Monograph No.1), pp. 54-61Minardi. 2006.  Peran Asam Humat dan Fulvat dari bahan Organik dalam Pelepasan P Terjerap pada Andisol. Ringkasan Disertasi (tidak dipublikasikan).  Program Pascasarjana Universitas Brawijaya.  Malang.  Prasetyo BH and DA Suriadikarta. 2006. Karakteristik. Potensi. dan Teknologi Pengelolaan Tanah Ultisol untuk Pengembangan Pertanian Lahan Kering di Indonesia. J Litb Pert 25: 39-46.Rima V.  2002.  Acidification of soil-the indicator of chemical soil degradation process.  World  Congress of Soil Science 17. 14-21 August 2002. Thailand.  Paper  No. 10: 1-7Stevenson FJ. 1994. Humus Chemistry: Genesis. composition. reactio. 2nded. John Wiley and Sons. Inc. New York. Subandi. 2007. Teknologi produksi dan strategi pengembangan kedelai pada lahan kering masam. Iptek Tanaman Pangan 12: 12-24.Suntoro. 2001. Pengaruh residu penggunaan bahan organik,  dolomit dan KCl pada tanaman kacang tanah (Arachis hypogeae,  L.)  pada  Oxic Dystrudept  di Jumapolo, Karanganyar. Habitat 12: 170-177.Tan KH.  1995.  Dasar-Dasar Kimia Tanah.  Gadjah Mada University Press.  pp. 37-53.Ulfin I. and D Setyowati.  2007.  Optimasi kondisi penyerapan ion aluminium oleh asam humat.  Akta Kimindo. 2: 88-90.USDA [United State Department of Agriculture].  1999.  Liming to Improve Soil Quality in Acid Soils.  Technical Note No. 8. May 1999.  Independence Avenue. SW. Washington. D.C.20250-9410Winarso S, E. Handayanto and A Taufik.  2010.  Alumunium detoxification by humic substance extracted from compost of organic wastes.  J Trop Soils 15: 19-24.  Yusran FH.  2008.  Existing versus added soil organic matter in relation to phosphorus availability on lateritic soils.  J Trop Soils 13: 23-34.
Leaching Behaviour of Nitrogen in Forage Rice Cultivation that Applied with Animal Manure Gusmini, .; Nishimura, Kazuyuki; Adrinal, .; Itani, Tomio
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 18 No. 3: September 2013
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2013.v18i3.209-216

Abstract

Increased use of N fertilizer may substantially increase of nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N) leaching, which potentially pollutes groundwater.  Leaching behaviour of nitrogen (N) was observed in the paddy field of forage rice cultivation. Two kinds of animal manure, cattle manure (CM) and poultry manure (PM) at 5 levels of N application (0, 70, 140, 210, 280 kg N ha-1) as the organic N sources, and without any chemical fertilizers. “Tachisuzuka” forage rice variety was conducted in the experimental plot. Porous ceramic cups were installed in triplicate of each treatment at 45 cm depth to collect the percolation water samples during the cultivation rice periods. The concentration of total N, NH4-N, NO2-N and NO3-N of water (surface and percolation) and soil sample solution were analysed using a Hach DR/2800 spectrophotometer. Result showed that NO3-N leaching was higher than NH4-N in the percolation water during the cultivation of forage rice periods. The highest NO3-N leaching was found in 280 kg N ha-1 (6.3 mg L-1), that it was indicated on the polluted levels. The highest of biomass production was in N280 (16.22 t ha-1) and nearly similar result in N140, N210 and N280. It was concluded that the best application of N-fertilizer in 140 kg N ha-1 because it greatly enhanced N-fertilizer efficiency, and decreased steadily of NO3-N concentration leaching in the environment of the groundwater.Keywords: Ammonium (NH4-N), Forage rice, N behavior, Nitrate (NO3-N), N leaching[How to Cite: Gusmini, K Nishimura, Adrinal, and T Itani. 2013. Leaching Behaviour of Nitrogen in Forage Rice Cultivation that Applied with Animal Manure. JTrop Soils 18 (3): 209-216. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2013.18.3.209][Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2013.18.3.209]REFERENCESAgrawal GD, SK Lunkad and T Malkhed. 1999. Difusse agricultural nitrate pollution of groundwater in India. Water Sci Technol 20: 67-75.Asada K, T Nishimura, C Kato, K Toyota and M Hosomi. 2013. Phyto-purification of livestock-derived organic waste by forage rice under subtropical climate. Paddy Water Environ 11: 559-571.Kamiji Y and T Sakuratani. 2011. Analysis of Optimum Spikelet Number and Plant N in Rice at Tanazawa Paddy Field. J Agric Sci 56: 93-102.Kato H. 2008. Development of rice varieties for whole crop silage (WCS) in Japan. JARQ 42: 231-236.Keeney DR. 1982. Nitrogen management for maximum efficiency and minimum pollution. In: Stevenson FJ (ed). Nitrogen in Agricultural Soils. Agron. Monogr. 22. ASA, CSSA, and SSSA, Madison. Wisc,  pp 605-649.Kumazawa K. 2002. Nitrogen fertilization and nitrate pollution in groundwater in Japan: Present status and measures for sustainable agriculture. Nutr Cyc Agroecocyst 63: 129-137.Kyaw KM, K Toyota, M Okazaki, T Motobayashi and H Tanaka. 2005. Nitrogen balance in a paddy field planted with whole crop rice (Oryza sative cv. Kusahonami) during two rice-growing seasons. Biol Fertil Soils 42: 72-82.Liu GD, WL Wu and S Zhang. 2005. Regional differentiation of non-point source pollution of agriculture-derived nitrate nitrogen in groundwater in northern China. Agric Ecosys Environ. 107: 211-220.Matsushita K, S Iida, O Ideta, Y Sunohara, H Maeda, Y Tamura, S Kouno and M Takakuwa. 2011. “Tachisuzuka”, a new rice cultivar with high straw yield and high sugar content for whole-crop silage use. Breeding Sci 61: 86-92.Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF). 2013. Recent situation and research of rice for whole crop silage in Japan. Accessed 18 August 2013.Ookawa T, K Yasuda, H Kato, M Sakai, M Seto, K Sunaga, Motobayashi, S Tojo and T Hirasawa. 2010. Biomass production and lodging resistance in ‘Leaf Star’, a new long-culm rice forage cultivar. Plant Prod Sci 13: 58-66.Okajima H and H Imai. 1973. Nutrient supplying power of soils. II. Contribution of mass flow to the nutrient supply in flooded rice fields. Jpn J Soil Sci Plant Nutr 44: 296-300. Sahu SK and PK Samant. 2006. Nitrogen loss from rice soil in Orissa. Orissa Review. India. Sakai M, S Iida, H Maeda, Y Sunohara, H Nemoto and T Imbe. 2003. New rice varieties for WCS use in Japan. Breed Sci 53: 271-275.Sakai M, M Okamoto, K Tamura, R Kaji, R Mizobuchi, H Hirabayashi, T Yagi, M Nishimura and S Fukaura. 2008. “Tachiaoba”, high yielding rice variety for whole crop silage. Breed Sci 58: 83-88.Suprapti H, M Mawardi and D Shiddieq. 2010. Nitrogen transport and distribution on paddy rice soil under water efficient irrigation method. Paper Presented on International Seminar of ICID, Yogyakarta. Indonesia. Toriyama K and H Ishida. 1987. Method of estimating time of NH4-N disappearance in paddy field by soil solution analysis. Jpn J Soil Sci Plant Nutr 58: 747-749.Wang MY, MY Siddiqi, TY Ruth and ADM Glass. 1993. Ammonium uptake by rice roots. II. Kinetic of 13NH4+ influx across the plasmalemma. Plant Physiol 103: 1259-1267.Wang JY, SJ Wang and Y Chen. 1995. Leaching loss of nitrogen in double-rice-cropped paddy fields in China. Acta Agricul Zhejiangensis 7: 155-160.Zhu JG, Y Han, G Liu, YL Zhang and XH Shao. 2000. Nitrogen in percolation water in paddy fields with a rice/wheat rotation. Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst 57: 75-82.Zhuo S and M Hosomi. 2008. Nitrogen transformations and balance in a constructed wetland for nutrient polluted river water treatment using forage rice in Japan. Ecol Eng 32: 147-155.Zhuo S, H Iino, S Riya, M Nishikawa, Y Watanabe and M Hosomi. 2011. Nitrogen transformations in paddy field applied with high load liquid cattle waste. J Chem Engin Jpn 44: 713-719.
Improvement of Sand Tailing Fertility Derived from Post Tin Mining Using Leguminous Crop Applied by Compost and Mineral Soil Budianta, Dedik; Gofar, Nuni; Andika, Gusti Aditya
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 18 No. 3: September 2013
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2013.v18i3.217-223

Abstract

The research was aimed to study the potency of two leguminous cover crops in enhancing tailing fertility of post tin mining with and without addition of mineral soil  and compost. This pot experiment was carried out in Greenhouse of Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Sriwijaya University from November 2011 until March 2012. Design experiment used was a Completly Randomized Design (CRD) factorial with two factors. The first factor was type of cover corps which were Centrosema pubescens and Pueraria javanica. The second factor was plant media composition which were 100% sand tailing, 60% sand tailing + 40%  mineral soil, and  95% sand tailing + 5% compost. The result showed that N content on sand tailing after harvesting applied by compost and mineral soil was not significant by difference. Meanwhile, P content on sand tailing applied by compost was higher than mineral soil application and/or control (100% sand tailing).Keywords: Compost, legominous crop, N and P nutrients, sand tailing [How to Cite: Budianta D, N Gofar and GA Andika. 2013. Improvement of Sand Tailing Fertility Derived from Post Tin Mining Using Leguminous Crop Applied by Compost and Mineral Soil. JTrop Soils 18 (3): 217-223. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2013.18.3.217][Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2013.18.3.93]REFERENCESAng LH. 2002. Problems and Prospecs of Afforestration on Sandy Tin Tailings in Peninsular Malaysia. J Trop Forest Sci 1: 87-105Budianta D, U Harun and R Santi. 2010. Perbaikan Sandy Tailing Asal Lahan Pasca Penambangan Timah dengan Kompos untuk Pertumbuhan Nilam. Prosiding Seminar Nasional, Masyarakat Konservasi Tanah dan Air Indonesia: 235-255, Jambi (in Indonesian).Djunaedi EK and F Djabar. 2003. Pemantauan dan Evaluasi Konservasi Sumber Daya Mineral di Daerah Bukit Sunur, Kabupaten Bengkulu Utara Provinsi Bengkulu. Kolokium Hasil Kegiatan Inventarisasi Sumber Daya Mineral – DIM, TA. 2003 (in Indonesian).Hakim N, MY Nyakpa, AM Lubis, SG Nugroho, MR. Saul, M A  Diha, G B  Hong and H H  Bailey. 1986. Dasar–Dasar Ilmu Tanah. Penerbit Universitas Lampung, Lampung (in Indonesian).Juhaeti N, N Hidayati, F Syarif and S Hidayat. 2009. Uji potensi tumbuhan akumulator merkuri untuk fitoremediasi lingkungan tercemar akibat kegiatan penambangan emas tanpa izin (PETI) di Kampung Leuwi Bolang, Desa Bantar Karet, Kecamatan Nanggung, Bogor. Berita Biologi 9: 529-538 (in Indonesian).Kasno A. 2009. Peranan Bahan Organik terhadap Kesuburan Tanah. Informasi Ringkas Bank Pengetahuan Padi Indonesia. Balai Penelitian Tanah, Bogor (in Indonesian).Mokhtaruddin A M and M Norhayati. 1995. Modification of Soil Structure of Sand Tailings: I. Preliminary Study on the Effect of Organic Amandment and Iron on Soil Aggregation. Pertanka J Trop Agric Sci 18: 85-88.Mustikarini E D, T Lestari, U Widyastuti and Suharsono. 2010. Konsentrasi Pb, Cu, dan Sn pada buah aksesi nenas lokal Bangka yang dibudidayakan di lahan pasca penambangan timah Bangka. Prosiding Seminar Naional, Masyarakat Konservasi Tanah dan Air Indonesia: pp. 293-301, Jambi (in Indonesian).Purwantari ND. 2007. Reklamasi area tailing di pertambangan dengan tanaman pakan ternak, mungkinkah?. Wartazoa  17: 101-108 (in Indonesian).Pusat Penelitian Tanah.  1983. Term of Refernce Type-A Proyek Penelitian Pertanian menunjang Transmigrasi (P3MT). Departemen Pertanian. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian. Bogor (in Indonesian). Rahyunah W. 2011. Pengaruh pemberian kompos untuk tanaman caisim (Brassica juncea L.) sebagai rotasi tanaman setelah padi pada sistem pertanian terapung di lahan rawa lebak. Skripsi pada Jurusan Tanah. Fakultas Pertanian. Universitas Sriwijaya, Indralaya (unpublihed, in Indonesian).Risza R. 1995. Budidaya Kelapa Sawit. AAK. Kanisius. Yogyakarta (in Indonesian).Saptiningsih E. 2007. Peningkatan produktivitas tanah pasir untuk pertumbuhan tanaman kedelai dengan inokulasi mikorhiza dan rhizobium. BIOMA 9: 58–61 (in Indonesian).Setyorini D and RW Ladiyani. 2005. Cara Cepat Menguji Status Hara dan Kemasaman Tanah. Balai Penelitian Tanah. Bogor (in Indonesian).Sinar Tani. 2008. Teknologi Pencetakan Sawah Dan Pengelolaan Sawah Pada Lahan Tambang Timah. Available at http://www.sinartani.com/iptek/teknologi-pencetakan-sawah-dan-pengelolaan-sawah-pada-lahan-tambang-timah-1274070248.htm (diakses tanggal 25-4-2011) (in Indonesian).Sitorus SRP and LN Badri. 2008. Karakteristik tanah dan vegetasi lahan terdegradasi pasca penambangan timah serta teknik rehabilitasi untuk keperluan revegetasi. Prosiding Semiloka Nasional Strategi Penanggulangan Krisis Sumber Daya Lahan Untuk Ketahanan Pangan dan Energi, pp. 140-150 (in Indonesian).Sitorus SRP, E Kusumastuti and  N Badri. 2005. Karakteristik dan teknik rehabilitasi lahan pasca penambangan timah di pulau Bangka dan Singkep. J Tanah dan Iklim 27: 57-73 (in Indonesian)Sopian  A. 2009. Respon tanaman karet pada lahan pasca tambang batubara terhadap bahan amelioran berupa pupuk NPK dan kapur dolomit. J Agrifor 7(1): 1-7 (in Indonesian).Sudaryono. 2009. Tingkat kesuburan tanah ultisol pada lahan pertambangan batubara Sangatta, Kalimantan Timur. J Teknik Lingkungan 10: 337- 346 (in Indonesian).Suwandi. 2009. Menakar kebutuhan hara tanaman dalam pengembangan inovasi budidaya sayuran berkelanjutan. Pengembang Inovasi Pert 2: 131-147 (in Indonesian).Syarif F, N Hidayati and T Juhaeti. 2009. Tumbuhan Berdaun Lebar Berpotensi Akumulator. Tumbuhan Akumulator untuk Fitoremediasi Lingkungan Tercemar Merkuri dan Sianida Penambangan Emas. LIPI press, Jakarta (in Indonesian).Yani M. 2005. Reklamasi lahan bekas pertambangan dengan penanaman jarak pagar (Jatropha  curcas Linn). Pusat Penelitian Surfaktan dan Bioenergi. LPPM – IPB, Bogor (in Indonesian).Ye ZH, WS Shu, ZQ Zhang, CY Lan and MH Wong. 2002. Evaluation of Major Constraint to Revegatation of Lead/Zinc Mine Tailings Using Bioassay Techniques. Chemosphere 47: 1103-1111. 

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