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INDONESIA
AL KAUNIYAH
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta
ISSN : 19783736     EISSN : 25026720     DOI : 10.15408/kauniyah
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Materials Science & Nanotechnology
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi (p-ISSN: 1978-3736, e-ISSN: 2502-6720) is an Open Access Journal published by Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta, and established since 2007. Since 2016 Al-Kauniyah has established a collaboration with the Association of Lecturer in Biology and Biology Education throughout the State Islamic Higher University (PTKIN) in Indonesia. Until 2015, Al-Kauniyah covered environmental biology solely, but since 2016 the journal has been extended to cover the entire field of biological science (bioscience). By publishing biannually, on April and October, Al-Kauniyah is intended to communicate original researches and current issues on the subject of biology. Since volume 9 issue 1 April 2016, Al-Kauniyah had been changes the layout. This journal warmly welcomes contributions from scholars of related disciplines. Manuscripts can be submitted to AL-KAUNIYAH
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 481 Documents
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Effect of Gamma Irradiation on Microbial Quality and Physicochemical Attributes of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Indra Mustika Pratama; Ashri Mukti Benita; Aldi Mujiyanto; Bani Fadhilah Akbar; Sumi Hudiyono; Irawan Sugoro
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol. 19 No. 2 (2026): AL-KAUNIYAH: JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v19i2.46518

Abstract

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is a widely consumed freshwater fish commodity that is highly susceptible to microbial spoilage, leading to rapid quality deterioration and a short shelf life. Gamma irradiation is a promising preservation technology to address this issue. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of gamma irradiation in reducing microbial contamination and maintaining the physicochemical quality of fresh tilapia. Samples were irradiated at a dose of 3 kGy (dose rate 1 kGy/h) in combination with vacuum packaging and refrigeration. Microbiological analyses included total plate count, Salmonella–Shigella, and total mold and yeast, while physicochemical parameters comprised pH, ash, fat, protein, water activity (aw), total volatile base nitrogen (TVB-N), trimethylamine (TMA-N), and color (L*, a*, b*), using non-irradiated samples as controls. The results showed that irradiation reduced total bacteria and Salmonella–Shigella by approximately 2 log cycles and eliminated molds and yeasts without significant changes (P >0.05) in physicochemical parameters compared to control samples. These findings indicate that gamma irradiation at 3 kGy is effective in improving microbial safety while preserving the physicochemical quality of fresh tilapia.
Effects of Different Sawdust, Corn Cob, and Rice Husk Substrate Compositions on The Growth And Yield of White Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) Asep Ginanjar Arip; Anna Fitri Hindriana; Zaenal Abidin
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol. 19 No. 2 (2026): AL-KAUNIYAH: JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v19i2.46824

Abstract

White oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) is an edible mushroom widely cultivated due to its nutritional and economic value. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different substrate compositions of sawdust, corn cobs, and rice husks on the growth and yield of white oyster mushrooms. The experiment was conducted using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four treatments and five replications, resulting in 20 experimental units. Growth parameters observed included stipe length, pileus diameter, fruiting body mass, and the number of fruiting bodies. The results showed that substrate composition significantly affected mushroom growth and productivity. The K2 treatment, consisting of 30% sawdust, 40% corn cobs, and 30% rice husks, produced the best performance in all observed parameters. The higher proportion of corn cobs in the substrate likely provided favorable conditions for mushroom development and yield. In conclusion, a substrate composed of 30% sawdust, 40% corn cobs, and 30% rice husks is recommended for the cultivation of white oyster mushrooms because it promotes optimal growth and productivity.
Community Structure of Microalgae in Urban Small Lakes (Babakan, Kenanga, and Puspa) Under Anthropogenic Noise Variation: Implications for Biofuel Raw Material Rubiantin Mesha Nauli Tambunan; Nining Betawati Prihantini; Santoso Soekirno; Nasruddin
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol. 19 No. 2 (2026): AL-KAUNIYAH: JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v19i2.47095

Abstract

The global energy transition relies on renewable solutions such as microalgae. However, the diversity of microalgae in urban freshwaters, especially how anthropogenic noise affects them, remains unexplored. Our study explores three small lakes in Greater Jakarta—Babakan (South Jakarta), Puspa, and Kenanga (Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java)—that are becoming more exposed to anthropogenic noise, an evolving stressor with uncertain ecological effects on microalgae. Microalgae were identified from water samples collected from Babakan, Kenanga, and Puspa lakes, which had sound levels of -69.37 dB, -81.49 dB, and -99.43 dB, respectively. The results show that Kenanga Small Lake has the highest diversity (H' 2.44), while Puspa Small Lake has the highest dominance (D = 0.16) and evenness (E = 0.88). The "silent" Puspa Lake has the highest lipid percentage, which was 51.66%. While all environmental factors are interconnected to affect microalgal community structure and lipid percentage, these data point to a possible link between lower noise levels and better lipid yields, implying that indigenous microalgae from calmer urban contexts could be a feasible source of sustainable biofuel production.
Comparable Antifungal Activity of Binahong (Anredera cordifolia) Leaf and Stem Ethanol Extracts Against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Isolated from Anthracnose-infected Curly Red Chili Iis Rohayati; Nur Imaniati Sumantri; Junaidi; Megga Ratnasari Pikoli
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol. 19 No. 2 (2026): AL-KAUNIYAH: JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v19i2.48752

Abstract

Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is one of the pathogens that causes anthracnose in curly red chili (Capsicum annuum L. var. Longum). Anthracnose in red chile is marked characterized by fruit damage and consequently reduced market value. Anredera cordifolia (binahong) contains various bioactive compounds with presumed antifungal activity. Most binahong studies focus on the leaves, whereas this study compared the antifungal activity ethanol extracts from the leaves and stems against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides isolated from anthracnose-infected curly red chili fruits. An experimental method was used by varying extract concentrations in the binahong stem and leaf treatment groups. Fungus from anthracnose-infected fruit was isolated, purified, and identified as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Binahong leaves and stems were extracted with 96% ethanol and tested in two sequential stages at various concentrations, both showing that the highest concentrations exhibited the greatest inhibitory activity with no significant difference between leaf and stem extracts (P >0.05). Therefore, the leaf and stem extracts of binahong have similar biofungicidal potential that increases proportionally with concentration, against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides from curly red chili fruit.
Histological Structure of Broiler Duodenum After Feeding a Combination of Additives Spirulina Flour and Liquid Nanochitosan Nabila Syalist Fitria; Sunarno; Kasiyati; Muhammad Anwar Djaelani
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol. 19 No. 2 (2026): AL-KAUNIYAH: JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v19i2.50154

Abstract

Spirulina is a microalgae rich in protein, fat, carbohydrates, minerals, chlorophyll a, phycocyanin, beta-carotene, linoleic acid, and vitamins. Nanochitosan, a polymer derived from chitin, contains amine and carboxylate groups. Both additives enhance digestion, absorption, and duodenal structure in broilers. This study analyzed the effect of combining spirulina flour and liquid nanochitosan on broiler duodenal histology. A 3 × 2 factorial completely randomized design (CRD) with four replicates was used. The first factor was spirulina flour (0; 3; 6%), and the second was liquid nanochitosan (0 & 5%). Measured variables included duodenal weight, length, villus height, epithelial thickness, muscular layer thickness, and lumen diameter. Data were analyzed using ANOVA at a 5% significance level. Results showed spirulina alone affected duodenal lumen diameter (P <0.05), while nanochitosan alone had no effect on duodenal length, villus height, epithelial thickness, muscular thickness, or lumen diameter (P >0.05). The combination significantly increased duodenal weight (P <0.05) but did not affect other variables. In conclusion, spirulina and nanochitosan improve duodenal weight but do not alter duodenal length, duodenal lumen diameter, villus height, or layer thicknesses.
Application of Eco-enzyme for Hospital Wastewater Treatment at Short Contact Time Lily Surayya Eka Putri; Arina Findo Sari; Cynthia Febri Antika; Cori Amelia Putri
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol. 19 No. 2 (2026): AL-KAUNIYAH: JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v19i2.50196

Abstract

Organic solid waste management has become an important issue due to rapid population growth. Eco-enzyme (EE) is one of the many green technologies needed today to treat organic solid waste. The purpose of this study was to utilize EE to treat hospital wastewater with dilutions of 5, 10, and 15% with a contact time of 30 minutes, thus meeting the established wastewater quality standards (Regulation of the Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup No. 11/2025). The bio-physicochemical characteristics analyzed included BOD, COD, TSS, pH, and Escherichia coli count. The results showed a significant reduction in all bio-physicochemical characteristics and met the applicable quality standards. The effectiveness of pollutant reduction was very significant, reaching 93.67% for BOD, 97.85% for COD, and 89.71% for TSS, with 15% EE treatment. The reduction in E. coli numbers was also very significant, reaching 99.85%. Therefore, because EE products are simple, affordable, and environmentally friendly, they are recommended as biological products for hospital wastewater treatment.
Respon Pertumbuhan Tanaman Pakcoy (Brassica sinensis L.) terhadap Penambahan Asam Humat pada Media Tanam Dasumiati Dasumiati; Nofi Anisatun Rokhmah; Fadya Aldama Chandri Afrista; Ardian Khairiah; Irzal Irda; Adeel Abdulkarim Fadhel Altuhaish
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol. 19 No. 2 (2026): AL-KAUNIYAH: JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v19i2.50206

Abstract

Pakcoy (Brassica sinensis L.) merupakan tanaman sayur yang memiliki nilai gizi tinggi dan banyak diminati masyarakat, namun produktivitasnya tidak stabil pada tiga tahun terakhir. Salah satu kunci untuk memaksimalkan produktivitas pakcoy adalah meningkatkan efisiensi penyerapan hara media tanam oleh tanaman, seperti dengan melakukan penambahan asam humat pada media tanam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh dosis asam humat yang dapat memaksimalkan pertumbuhan pakcoy. Penelitian dilakukan dengan Rancangan Acak Kelompok yang terdiri dari lima perlakuan berupa dosis asam humat (0; 0,5; 1; 1,5; dan 2 g asam humat per polybag). Penambahan asam humat pada media tanam dilakukan pada saat pindah tanam. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa penambahan asam humat berbagai dosis berpengaruh nyata terhadap semua parameter pertumbuhan. Hasil terbaik ditunjukkan oleh dosis 0,5 dan 1 g asam humat per polybag. Dosis 0,5 g asam humat per polybag meningkatkan jumlah daun, luas daun dan laju tumbuh relatif (LTR). Dosis 1 g asam humat per polybag meningkatkan tinggi tanaman, berat basah dan berat kering tanaman, laju asimilasi bersih (LAB) dan indeks luas daun (ILD). Dosis asam humat yang meningkatkan produktivitas tanaman pakcoy adalah 1 g per polybag (3 kg).
Stakeholder Interactions in Plastic Waste Management along The Ciliwung Riverbanks in DKI Jakarta Ferry Fauzi Fauzi; Widiatmaka; M Ekayani; I Firmansyah; M. R Cordova
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol. 19 No. 2 (2026): AL-KAUNIYAH: JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v19i2.50332

Abstract

Plastic waste management represents a sustainable development challenge, particularly in urban riverbank areas such as the Ciliwung River in DKI Jakarta. Plastic waste management along riverbanks involves multiple actors with diverse roles, including government institutions, local communities, community organizations, universities, the private sector, and non-governmental organizations. This study aims to develop an actor-based model of plastic waste management along the Ciliwung riverbanks in DKI Jakarta using the MACTOR method. Actor identification was conducted through a literature review and interviews with key informants. The results indicate that the Balai Besar Wilayah Sungai Ciliwung Cisadane, universities, and the private sector function as dominant actors influencing policy directions in waste management. Local government agencies, technical implementation units, community organizations, and residents serve as key relay actors in policy implementation, while the informal sector represents dependent stakeholders with tangible contributions but limited involvement in decision-making processes. All actors support efforts to reduce the volume of plastic waste along the Ciliwung Riverbanks, accompanied by improvements in river water quality and reductions in public health risks.
Molecular Detection of Sus scrofa DNA Using IGF2 Gene Primers as Proof of Concept for Sybr Green-based Qualitative Real-time PCR Raden Rara Bhintarti Suryohastari; Muhammad Saltes Albiansyah; Rizky Intan Novianti; Siti Hajar Hijriyah
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol. 19 No. 2 (2026): AL-KAUNIYAH: JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v19i2.50408

Abstract

Detection of porcine (Sus scrofa) DNA is essential for halal meat authentication and requires highly specific and reproducible molecular assays. This study evaluated insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) gene primers as a proof of concept for qualitative detection using SYBR Green-based real-time PCR. The IGF2 locus was selected due to its interspecies sequence divergence and reported specificity to Sus scrofa. Qualitative analysis included Sus scrofa DNA, Bos taurus DNA as a non-target control, and a no-template control (NTC). Conventional PCR identified 58 °C as the optimal annealing temperature. In real-time PCR, Sus scrofa DNA was consistently detected with a mean cycle threshold (Ct) of 29.22 ± 0.11 and a low coefficient of variation (CV) of 0.38% across three technical replicates, indicating high intra-assay precision. Melting curve analysis yielded a single, well-defined peak with a melting temperature (Tm) of 80 °C, supporting the amplicon's specificity. These findings supported the development of feasible IGF2 primers for the qualitative detection of Sus scrofa DNA using real-time PCR with shorter amplicons, which served as a foundation for further validation of the qPCR assay.
Accumulation of Plastic Debris Trapped in the Riparian Vegetation of the Bedog River, Indonesia, Based on the Complexity of the Plant Structure Inggita Utami; Nobuaki Tanaka
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol. 19 No. 2 (2026): AL-KAUNIYAH: JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v19i2.51071

Abstract

Plastic accumulation not only degrades water quality but also impacts riparian vegetation. Vegetation plays a key role in trapping plastic debris; however, the influence of plant structure and environmental factors on this process remains poorly understood. This study evaluates the trapping capacity of riparian vegetation along the Bedog River, Yogyakarta, and identifies the key factors controlling plastic accumulation. A riparian target map was first developed using satellite and drone imagery to classify land use and land cover. Trapping capacity was estimated based on vegetation structural parameters and validated through field surveys conducted across 20 plots, 3 m² each, distributed along the upstream-to-downstream gradient during both the dry and wet seasons. Plastic cover per unit area and environmental variables were analyzed using statistical approaches. The results show that bamboo exhibits the highest trapping capacity and plastic accumulation, followed by grass and arboreal vegetation, highlighting the importance of structural density and rigidity. Plastic cover was significantly higher during the dry season, indicating that riparian zones act as temporary storage under low-flow conditions. Environmental factors further influenced accumulation, with higher retention observed in low-elevation and low-slope areas, while flow velocity showed seasonal effects. These findings emphasize that vegetation structure and hydrodynamic conditions govern plastic trapping, positioning riparian zones as critical targets for plastic pollution management in tropical river systems.

Page 48 of 49 | Total Record : 481

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