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INDONESIA
AL KAUNIYAH
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta
ISSN : 19783736     EISSN : 25026720     DOI : 10.15408/kauniyah
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Materials Science & Nanotechnology
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi (p-ISSN: 1978-3736, e-ISSN: 2502-6720) is an Open Access Journal published by Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta, and established since 2007. Since 2016 Al-Kauniyah has established a collaboration with the Association of Lecturer in Biology and Biology Education throughout the State Islamic Higher University (PTKIN) in Indonesia. Until 2015, Al-Kauniyah covered environmental biology solely, but since 2016 the journal has been extended to cover the entire field of biological science (bioscience). By publishing biannually, on April and October, Al-Kauniyah is intended to communicate original researches and current issues on the subject of biology. Since volume 9 issue 1 April 2016, Al-Kauniyah had been changes the layout. This journal warmly welcomes contributions from scholars of related disciplines. Manuscripts can be submitted to AL-KAUNIYAH
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Articles 460 Documents
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Potensi Kulit Buah Jengkol Sebagai Bioinsektisida Terhadap Rayap (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) Menggunakan Metode Baiting Fahrudin, Fahri; Dasumiati, Dasumiati; Angraini, Isty; Hamida, Fathin
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol. 18 No. 2 (2025): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v18i2.44952

Abstract

Bioinsektisida merupakan bahan hayati pengendali organisme pengganggu yang berpotensi menjadi hama, di antaranya rayap. Bahan hayati yang berpotensi sebagai bioinsektisida adalah kulit buah jengkol. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan konsentrasi optimal dari ekstrak kulit buah jengkol sebagai bioinsektisida rayap. Skrining fitokimia ekstrak kulit buah jengkol dilakukan secara kualitatif. Mahoni dan jati belanda dijadikan sebagai kayu uji yang direndam ekstrak kulit buah jengkol (konsentrasi 0; 2; 4; dan 6%) selama 24 jam. Kedua jenis kayu diuji pada rayap menggunakan metode pengumpanan (Baiting) dengan tiga kali ulangan. Parameter yang diamati adalah mortalitas rayap, penurunan berat kayu uji, dan nilai retensi ekstrak. Data dianalisis Anova (95%) dengan uji lanjut DMRT menggunakan SPSS 25. Ekstrak terbukti mengandung alkaloid, fenol, flavonoid, saponin, tanin, dan terpenoid yang berpotensi sebagai racun pencernaan pada rayap. Mortalitas rayap di setiap perlakuan (2; 4; dan 6%) berbeda nyata (P <0,05) dengan perlakuan 0% pada semua kayu uji serta dapat meningkatkan keawetan kayu. Penurunan berat kayu terendah pada perlakuan 6% dan tergolong pada kelas awet I. Ekstrak kulit buah jengkol (6%) mampu meningkatkan kelas awet kayu mahoni dan jati belanda terhadap serangan rayap.
Aplikasi Ekstrak Jahe dan Lengkuas Merah sebagai Fungisida Alami Tanaman Jeruk Nurkanti, Mia; Gurnita
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol. 19 No. 1 (2026): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v19i1.45743

Abstract

Jahe (Zingiber officinale) dan lengkuas (Alpinia galanga) merupakan tanaman biofarmaka yang dikenal memiliki berbagai manfaat termasuk aktivitas antijamur. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan efektivitas ekstrak jahe (Zingiber officinale) dan lengkuas merah (Alpinia purpurata K. Schum) sebagai pestisida alami dalam menghambat pertumbuhan jamur patogen pada tanaman jeruk. Ekstrak kedua tanaman tersebut mengandung senyawa aktif seperti gingerol, shogaol, galangin, dan flavonoid yang diketahui memiliki sifat antijamur. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan meliputi ekstraksi bahan aktif jahe dan lengkuas merah serta pengujian aktivitas fungisidanya terhadap pertumbuhan jamur menggunakan metode difusi agar. Parameter yang diukur adalah diameter zona hambat sebagai indikator efektivitas masing-masing ekstrak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak jahe dan lengkuas merah memiliki kemampuan menghambat pertumbuhan jamur patogen, dengan tingkat efektivitas yang bervariasi tergantung konsentrasi ekstrak. Lengkuas merah menunjukkan aktivitas antijamur yang lebih signifikan dibandingkan jahe pada konsentrasi tertentu. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa jahe dan lengkuas merah berpotensi menjadi pestisida alami yang ramah lingkungan, lengkuas merah mempunyai efektivitas yang lebih tinggi dalam mengendalikan jamur patogen. Ekstrak lengkuas menunjukkan zona hambat yang lebih besar dibandingkan jahe, mengindikasikan potensi yang lebih kuat dalam mengendalikan infeksi jamur pada tanaman. Dengan demikian, penggunaan jahe dan lengkuas sebagai pestisida alami dapat menjadi alternatif ramah lingkungan dalam pengendalian penyakit tanaman.
In Silico Insights Into Bioactive Compounds of Wild Sumatran Turmeric (Curcuma sumatrana, Zingiberaceae) as Potent Antioxidant Candidates Petrovsky, Ivan; Santoso, Putra; Fadil, Muhammad Syukri
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol. 19 No. 1 (2026): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v19i1.46136

Abstract

Oxidative stress, characterized by an imbalance between reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defenses, contributes to various diseases. Natural products, particularly plant-derived compounds, offer promising therapeutic avenues due to their antioxidant potential. This study investigates the antioxidant properties of wild Sumatran turmeric (Curcuma sumatrana), an endemic Zingiberaceae species from Sumatra, through in silico computational analyses of its rhizome’s bioactive compounds. Twenty-two compounds were evaluated for drug-likeness using Lipinski’s Rule of Five, revealing 21 compounds (95%) as orally bioavailable. Predictive bioactivity via PASS Online identified six compounds with moderate antioxidant activity (Pa >0.3). Molecular docking against antioxidant enzymes (GPx, SOD, CAT) and the Keap1-Nrf2 complex demonstrated significant binding affinities. Notably, 9,10-Epoxy-12-octadecenoate exhibited superior binding to SOD (-5.75 kcal/mol), GPx (-6.42 kcal/mol), and Keap1-Nrf2 (-8.39 kcal/mol), outperforming native ligands. Abietic acid and N-Octylgallate also showed strong interactions with Keap1-Nrf2, suggesting activation of antioxidant response pathways. The results highlight C. sumatrana’s potential to modulate enzymatic antioxidants and Nrf2 signalling. The findings underscore the species’ role as a source of bioactive compounds with drug-like properties, advocating further exploration of its phytochemicals for mitigating oxidative stress-related pathologies while highlighting C. sumatrana as a viable candidate for developing natural therapeutics targeting redox imbalance.
COVER AL-KAUNIYAH: JURNAL BIOLOGI VOL. 18 NO. 2 OKTOBER 2025 oktober, cover
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol. 18 No. 2 (2025): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v18i2.46194

Abstract

INDEX AL-KAUNIYAH: JURNAL BIOLOGI VOL. 18 NO. 2 OKTOBER 2025 oktober, index
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol. 18 No. 2 (2025): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v18i2.46196

Abstract

In Vivo Testing of Pseudozyma hubeiensis to Control Aspergillus flavus in Nutmeg Seeds (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) Rahayuningsih, Sri; Hidayah, Mudrikah Nurul; Susilowati, Dwi Ningsih; Supriadi; Suryadi, Yadi; Rismayani; Radiastuti, Nani
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol. 19 No. 1 (2026): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v19i1.46462

Abstract

Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) is a high-value spice commodity from Indonesia, often contamination with aflatoxin-producing Aspergillus flavus. Previous research has identified two epiphytic yeast isolates from nutmeg plants, namely DP1341a and DP1342, both of which were identified as Pseudozyma hubeiensis and showed antagonistic potential against A. flavus. This study is a follow- up study that aims to test the antagonistic activity of both isolates against A. flavus in vivo on nutmeg seeds. The research was conducted experimentally through several stages, namely testing the compatibility of isolates on Yeast Malt Agar (YMA) media, determining the optimum fermentation time, and applying liquid culture and fermentation filtrate to 120 nutmeg seeds. Results showed that the consortium of isolates DP1341a and DP1342 did not increase the inhibitory power results compared to single cultures with optimum fermentation times of 10 and 14 days, respectively. In vivo applications show that treatment with DP1342 isolate (KC-DP1342) and consortium in liquid culture provides the highest level of resistance to A. flavus infection, namely 38.67% and 28.00%. The findings suggest that P. hubeiensis DP1342 has potential as a biological control agent in controlling A. flavus on nutmeg seeds, although further formulation and optimization are needed.
Habitat Characteristics of Wreathed Hornbill (Rhyticeros undulatus Shaw, 1881) in Sokokembang Forest, Central Java, Indonesia Wijayanti, Fahma; Apriani, Eka; Fitriana, Narti; Fajarini, Ulfah
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol. 19 No. 1 (2026): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v19i1.46463

Abstract

Wreathed hornbill is a bird species that  can be a bio-indicator and has a role in forest regeneration.  This study aimed to estimate the population density of the wreathed hornbill and to identify its habitat characteristics. Bird populations were counted using the Variable Circular Plot (VCP) method. Habitat characteristics were then assessed by measuring environmental factors and analyzing vegetation within 20 × 20 m plots established at foraging, roosting, and nesting sites. Data analysis involved determining individual density, distribution pattern, conducting vegetation analysis, and performing a Principal Component Analysis (PCA).  Wreathed hornbill that was found are 20 ± 1.2 individuals. The population density is 7.047 individuals/km2 and has a clustered distribution pattern. The habitat of the wreathed hornbill is characterized by a vegetation composition consisting of 14 species from 8 families. Types of trees with the highest INP were Ficus mbulu (Ficus annulata) (INP 54%), Ficus krandan (Ficus sp1) (INP 46%), and Ficus bulu so (Ficus globosa) (INP 32%). There are 9 types of foraging trees, 10 species of roasting trees, and 1 nesting tree species used by the wreated hornbill. Based on PCA, wind speed and light intensity are environmental factors that have a correlation with the population density of the wreated hornbill in Sokokembang Forest.
Identification of Bioactive Compounds in Cassia Alata Using GC-MS and Their Potential Against Microorganisms That Cause Skin Infections Khairiah, Ardian; Agustin, Olivia; Dasumiati
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol. 19 No. 1 (2026): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v19i1.46482

Abstract

Cassia alata is widely used in traditional medicine for treating skin infections, yet its antifungal properties and chemical constituents remain underexplored. This study aimed to identify bioactive compounds in C. alata leaves and evaluate their antioxidant and antimicrobial potential. Phytochemical analysis was performed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Antioxidant activity was assessed using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. Antimicrobial efficacy was tested against Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, Malassezia furfur, and Trichophyton rubrum at extract concentrations of 6; 9; 12; and 15%. GC-MS analysis revealed six major peaks, with myo-inositol identified as the dominant compound. The extract exhibited weak antioxidant activity, with an IC₅₀ value of 174.9 ppm. However, significant antifungal activity was observed, particularly against M. furfur and T. rubrum, with the most effective inhibitory concentrations at 12% and 15%, respectively. Despite its modest antioxidant effect, C. alata leaf extract demonstrates promising antifungal potential, especially against common fungal pathogens associated with skin infections. These findings support the traditional use of C. alata and highlight its potential as a natural antifungal agent.
Genetic Diversity of Mahseer (Tor spp.) in Jambi: A DNA Barcoding Approach for Conservation Nazifa, Boti Iffa; Sulistiono; Mashar, Ali; Sukmono, Tedjo
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol. 19 No. 1 (2026): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v19i1.46562

Abstract

Genetic-based management is a critical approach to maintain the sustainability of mahseer fish (Tor tambra and T. tambroides), which are facing threats from habitat degradation and overfishing in Jambi Province. This study aims to analyze the genetic diversity and population structure of mahseer using the COI gene markers. A total of 18 specimens were collected from six locations in the Jambi rivers (June-August 2024). DNA sequencing results showed 98.51–99.85% similarity to the references T. tambra and T. tambroides in GenBank. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed the grouping of this species, with a bootstrap value of 100% and closeness to the species Barbonymus gonionotus and Hampala macrolepidota. There were 11 haplotypes with the highest diversity at stations 3 and 6 (Hd= 0.90000), while moderate genetic differentiation (Fst= 0.109–0.141) was found between station 2 and other locations, indicating isolation due to habitat fragmentation. Water quality parameters (dissolved oxygen 6.3–7.1 mg/L, pH 7.0–7.3, current velocity 0.2–0.4 m/s) support habitat suitability, but anthropogenic activities potentially threaten genetic connectivity. These findings underscore the need for genetic data-driven conservation strategies, such as restocking of highly diverse populations and protection of critical habitats. Further research is needed to monitor long-term genetic dynamics.
Aktivitas Antimikroba Bakteri Endofit Daun Pegagan (Centella asiatica L.) Terhadap Propionibacterium acnes Vernando, Riki; Mahyarudin, Mahyarudin; Rialita, Ambar
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol. 16 No. 1 (2023): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v16i1.20276

Abstract

 AbstrakTingginya angka kejadian jerawat dan meningkatnya resistensi terhadap antimikroba memerlukan alternatif pengobatan yang berasal dari bahan alam. Beberapa studi menunjukkan bahwa bakteri endofit tertentu memproduksi senyawa bioaktif yang memiliki efek bagi kesehatan, terutama bakteri endofit yang diisolasi dari tumbuhan obat. Pegagan (Centella asiatica L.) merupakan tumbuhan obat yang mempunyai banyak manfaat seperti untuk mengobati masalah kulit, menyembuhkan luka, serta menjadi agen antimikroba. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antimikroba isolat bakteri endofit daun pegagan terhadap Propionibacterium acnes. Pengujian aktivitas antimikroba dilakukan dengan metode difusi cakram melalui pengukuran diameter zona hambat. Bakteri endofit yang didapat dari penelitian sebelumnya dikarakterisasi berdasarkan ciri-ciri dari morfologi koloni, morfologi sel, dan aktivitas biokimia. Sembilan belas isolat bakteri endofit memiliki aktivitas antimikroba terhadap Propionibacterium acnes, ditandai dengan terbentuknya zona hambat berdiameter antara 11,46–25,34 mm. Dua isolat yang memiliki kemampuan aktivitas antimikroba yang paling besar, yaitu isolat nomor 3 dan 17 dengan hasil identifikasi termasuk ke dalam genus Aeromicrobium. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa bakteri endofit dari daun pegagan (Centella asiatica (L.) berpotensi sebagai antimikroba terhadap bakteri P. acnes.AbstractThe high prevalence of acne cases and the increasing resistance to antimicrobials requires alternative treatments that originate from natural ingredients. Several studies have shown that certain endophytic bacteria produce bioactive compounds that benefits human health, especially those whom isolated from medicinal plants. Gotu kola or pegagan (Centella asiatica L.) is one of medicinal plant that has many benefits such as treating skin problems, healing wounds, and also known for an antibacterial agent. The aim of the study was to determine the antimicrobial activity of the endophytic bacterial isolates of pegagan against Propionibacterium acnes. The antimicrobial activity test were carried out using the disc diffusion method by measuring the diameter of the inhibition zone within isolate. Endophytic bacteria obtained from previous studies were characterized based on the characteristics of colony morphology, cell morphology and biochemical activity. 19 isolates of endophytic bacteria showed antimicrobial activity against P. acnes, indicated by the formation of inhibition zones ranging from 11.46 to 25.34 mm. Two isolates that had the greatest antibacterial activity, namely isolates number 3 and 17 were identified and belongs to the genus Aeromicrobium. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that endophytic bacteria from pegagan (Centella asiatica L.) leaves has potential as an antibacterial agent against Propionibacterium acnes bacteria.

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