IPTEK The Journal of Engineering
IPTEK The Journal of Engineering (E-ISSN: 2337-8557) is an academic journal on the issued related to engineering and technology. IPTEK The Journal of Engineering published first time in August 2014. From 2014-2018 (Volume 1-4) IPTEK The Journal of Engineering publish three issues (numbers) annually (April, August, and December). Since 2019 published annually in April and August. It is open to all scientist, researchers, education practitioners, and other scholars. Therefore this journal welcomes various topics in different engineering disciplines. Our target is to reach all universities, research centers and institutes in the globe. Call for Papers IPTEK The Journal of Engineering is an open-access journal, which means that visitors all over the world could read, download, cite, and distribute papers published in this journal for free. We adopt a peer-review model, which insured fast publishing and convenient submission. In addition to peer-reviewed original research papers, the Editorial Board welcomes original research reports, state-of-the-art reviews and communications in the broadly defined field of engineering science and technology. Theses, dissertations, research papers, and reviews are all acceptable for publication. All topics should relevant to the issues faced by industries, governments, and communities. The broad-based topics may be covered by the following knowledge areas: Computer Engineering and Information Systems (Telematics, Algorithms and Programming, Network Based Computing, Smart Computing and Vision, Intelligent Information Management, Computer Architecture and Networking, Applied Modeling and Computing, Graphics Interaction and Games, Software engineering, Information Technology Infrastructure and Security, Information Systems Management, Data Engineering and Business Intelligence, Data Acquisition and Information Dissemination, Enterprise System, and Smart Cities and Cyber Security) Civil Infrastructure Engineering (Hydrotechnics and Surveying, Construction Implementation Management, Building Materials and Structures, and Transportation and Geotechnics) Mechanical Engineering (Energy Convertion, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Mechanical Design, and Manufacture) Electrical Engineering Automation (Cyber Physical, Automation, and Industrial Robots, Programmable Logic Controller and Control System, Antennas and Propagation, Instrumentation, Measurement and Power System Identification, Multimedia Telecommunications Network, Multimedia Communication, Electric Energy Conversion, Electric Power System Simulation, High voltage, System and Cybernetics, Microelectronics and Embedded Systems, Biocybernetics, Instrumentation and Biomedical Signal Processing, Multimedia Computing and Machine Intelligence, and Digital Signal Processing) Chemical Engineering (Applied Chemistry, Biochemical and Bioprocess, Advance Functional Materials and Analysis, Thermodynamic, Chemical Reaction, Material and Nanocomposite, Bioenergy, Wastewater Treatment, Process Integration, Fluid Mechanic, and Sustainable Industrial Systems) Instrumentation Engineering (Control Instrumentation, Measurement Instrumentation, Photonic Engineering, Vibration and Acoustics, and Embedded Systems and Physical Cyber) Business Statistics (Business Analytic, and Quality and Productivity Engineering) And physical, chemical, biological, and environmental sciences that are directly related to engineering.
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<![CDATA[Site-Specific Seismic Hazard Assessment and Ground Motion Selection for Nonlinear Time History Analysis ]]>
<![CDATA[Safiraa, Faradina]]>;
<![CDATA[Tajunissa, Yuyun]]>;
<![CDATA[Darmawan, Muhammad Sigit]]>;
<![CDATA[Wahyudi, Hendra]]>
<![CDATA[ IPTEK The Journal of Engineering Vol 11, No 3 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ]]>
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DOI: 10.12962/j23378557.v11i3.a23085
<![CDATA[This journal aims to study a comprehensive methodology involving Deterministic Seismic Hazard Analysis (DSHA), site-specific ground motion selection, spectral matching, and nonlinear dynamic analysis on Beribis Kendeng Waleri Fault. Seven strong ground motion records were selected from the PEER NGA-West2 database and spectrally matched to the target response spectrum derived from DSHA parameters. Local site effects were incorporated through a site response analysis using detailed subsurface soil data, which classified the site as Class E (very soft soil). The resulting surface-level acceleration time histories were used in nonlinear time history analysis to assess structural performance.]]>
<![CDATA[DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF ELECTRICAL SISTEMS FOR BREAD DOUGH DEVELOPMENT PROOFER TECHNOLOGYS BASED ON MICROCONTROLLER WITH PID CONTROL FOR DONUT DOUGH ]]>
<![CDATA[Silviana W, Ika]]>;
<![CDATA[Hakim, Muhammad Syaiful]]>;
<![CDATA[Sampurno, Bambang]]>;
<![CDATA[Nurhadi, Hendro]]>;
<![CDATA[Mashuri, Mashuri]]>
<![CDATA[ IPTEK The Journal of Engineering Vol 11, No 3 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ]]>
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DOI: 10.12962/j23378557.v11i3.a23047
<![CDATA[The proofing process is an essential step in bread-making, where the dough is allowed to rest for the gas content to develop and form a soft structure. However, many small-scale bread producers still rely on manual methods for proofing, leading to unstable temperature and humidity levels and longer production times. This study focuses on developing an electrical system for a bread proofer that can stabilize temperature and humidity during the proofing process. The system includes an Arduino Mega microcontroller with a DHT22 sensor for real-time temperature and humidity detection, an I2C LCD for monitoring, and a potentiometer for setting the desired temperature and humidity values. To achieve stability, a PID control system is used. The results show that the system can stabilize at a temperature of 40.10oC and humidity at 80-90RH for approximately 38.4 minutes. This electrical system offers an effective solution for optimizing the proofing process in bread production.]]>
<![CDATA[Integrated Process Design and Economic Evaluation of Waste-to-Biomaterial Conversion: Hydroxyapatite Production from Blue Crab Shells using Aspen Plus ]]>
<![CDATA[Nugroho, Aldi Nugroho]]>;
<![CDATA[Gumelar, Tobing]]>;
<![CDATA[Aska, Silma Elvaretta]]>;
<![CDATA[Rizqiyah, Vita Fatichah]]>;
<![CDATA[Kamilah, Villia Lidzati]]>;
<![CDATA[Rosanti, Maharani Sugito]]>;
<![CDATA[Venanto, Dimas Gilang]]>;
<![CDATA[Ma'mun, Ummu Zahroh]]>;
<![CDATA[Ramadhan, Haykal Nur Fajri]]>;
<![CDATA[Ningrum, Eva Oktavia]]>
<![CDATA[ IPTEK The Journal of Engineering Vol 11, No 3 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ]]>
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DOI: 10.12962/j23378557.v11i3.a23060
<![CDATA[The demand for bone transplant materials is rising in Indonesia. A biogenic calcium supply for hydroxyapatite (HAp), the primary inorganic component of human bone, is provided by blue crab shells, which are produced contain 53.70–78 weight percent CaCO₃. A steady-state method for producing HAp from crab shells is developed and assessed in this study, utilizing Aspen Plus V14 in conjunction with the Aspen Process Economic Analyzer. The simulated flowsheet comprises solid–liquid separation, drying/sintering, CaO storage, CaO hydration, HAp precipitation with H₃PO₄. The global thermodynamic model chosen is the SOLIDS property approach, and stoichiometric reactions with Arrhenius-type power-law kinetics are used to simulate HAp production. In the simulation, 150.246 kg·h⁻¹ HAp, or roughly 1451.81 t·year⁻¹, is predicted for a design base of 46.48 kg·h⁻¹ CaO. A 20-year equipment lifetime, 8000 operating hours annually, a 20% rate of return, and zero-cost shells are assumed in the economic study. This results in a total capital cost of USD 1.94 million and an annual operating cost of USD 1.31 million. The findings offer a quantifiable starting point for evaluating the technical viability of waste-to-HAp systems and directing additional experimental validation, life-cycle analysis, and process improvement.]]>
<![CDATA[Modification of Paving Block Molding Machine with the Addition of an Automatic Control System Based on a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) ]]>
<![CDATA[Safitri, Laksita Aji]]>;
<![CDATA[Darmawan, Andri]]>;
<![CDATA[Sampurno, Bambang]]>;
<![CDATA[Mashuri, Mashuri]]>
<![CDATA[ IPTEK The Journal of Engineering Vol 11, No 3 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ]]>
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DOI: 10.12962/j23378557.v11i3.a23052
<![CDATA[Company X is a paving block molding machine fabrication company in Surabaya. However, the machine still has some shortcomings because it is still conventional or manually operated. Some of these shortcomings, such as being still prone to human error and being less consistent when operating, can affect the results of the amount of production. From this phenomenon, automation is very important in the industrial world. Therefore, by referring to previous phenomenon, through this research, an automatic control system is made on paving block molding machine using PLC. The results showed that PLC succeeded in developing a system that works automatically on the machine. Then, the ladder diagram used several instructions, including interlock, timer, counter, and set reset according to how the machine works. Then, the PLC-based automatic control system has a shorter cycle time than the original manual machine. Cycle time has decreased by 15.4%. From this decrease in cycle time, if simulated related to production capacity, an automatic control system can increase production per hour by 300 pcs more than the manually operated machine.]]>
<![CDATA[Surface Characteristics Comparison of Machining Waste Using Powder Metallurgy Method ]]>
<![CDATA[Widianti, Ika Silviana]]>;
<![CDATA[Raharjo, Yoga Kartiko]]>;
<![CDATA[Safa'at, Ahmat]]>;
<![CDATA[Suhariyanto, Suhariyanto]]>;
<![CDATA[Nugroho, Giri]]>
<![CDATA[ IPTEK The Journal of Engineering Vol 11, No 3 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ]]>
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DOI: 10.12962/j23378557.v11i3.a23206
<![CDATA[Machining processes generate metal waste in the form of fine powder that is often not reused efficiently. This study explores the potential reuse of metal machining waste powder through powder metallurgy, focusing on how sintering temperature affects mechanical properties and microstructure. Metal powder from ST60 steel machining was compacted and sintered at 1100°C, 1150°C, and 1200°C. The specimens were then compared to original ST60 steel. XRF analysis confirmed that iron was the dominant element in the waste powder. Microstructural analysis showed the presence of ferrite and pearlite in all specimens, with higher sintering temperatures increasing the ferrite content. In terms of mechanical performance, ST60 steel showed the highest hardness (80.6 HRB) and compressive strength (156.157 N/mm²). Among the specimens, the one sintered at 1100°C had the highest hardness (65.1 HRB) and compressive strength (73.293 N/mm²), closest to ST60 steel. The lowest surface roughness (7.058 Ra) was observed in the 1200°C specimen, approaching ST60’s value (2.003 Ra). These findings indicate that reused machining waste powder can be processed into useful products, especially for low-load applications, with optimal properties achieved at 1100°C sintering temperature.]]>
<![CDATA[Synergistic Temperature Effect on the Acid Corrosion Inhibition of API 5L Grade B Steel Using Eichhornia crassipes Leaf Extract ]]>
<![CDATA[Safitri, Laksita Aji]]>;
<![CDATA[Kuswanto, Yusuf Tanto]]>;
<![CDATA[Husodo, Nur]]>;
<![CDATA[Widiyono, Eddy]]>;
<![CDATA[Subiyanto, Hari]]>;
<![CDATA[Kusnadi, Dimitra Meidina]]>
<![CDATA[ IPTEK The Journal of Engineering Vol 11, No 3 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ]]>
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DOI: 10.12962/j23378557.v11i3.a23162
<![CDATA[Corrosion is the deterioration of material properties, particularly metals, due to chemical reactions with the surrounding environment. One of the effective methods to mitigate corrosion is the addition of inhibitors. Organic inhibitors are considered environmentally friendly, cost-effective, and renewable. In this study, an extract of water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) was used as an organic inhibitor. The material tested was API 5L Grade B steel in 1 M HCl solution as the corrosive medium, with testing temperatures of 30 °C, 40 °C, 50 °C, and 60 °C, and inhibitor concentrations ranging from 500 mg to 2500 mg. The corrosion behavior was evaluated using Potentiodynamic Polarization (PDP), Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS), and Weight Loss (WL) methods. The results showed a significant reduction in the corrosion rate of API 5L Grade B steel in 1 M HCl solution when the water hyacinth extract inhibitor was added. In the PDP test, the corrosion rate for the sample without inhibitor reached 107.4 mm/year, while the lowest inhibition efficiency was 1.25% and the highest inhibition efficiency was 97.85%, observed at 50 °C with an inhibitor concentration of 2500 mg. This represents the maximum efficiency among all tested concentrations and temperatures.]]>
<![CDATA[Design of Balance Control System for Quadcopter Drone Using Ziegler-Nichols PID Method ]]>
<![CDATA[Widiyanto, Sinung]]>;
<![CDATA[Taufiqurrohman, Muhammad]]>;
<![CDATA[Suhirwan, Suhirwan]]>
<![CDATA[ IPTEK The Journal of Engineering Vol 11, No 3 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ]]>
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DOI: 10.12962/j23378557.v11i3.a23012
<![CDATA[Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are currently experiencing rapid development for both general and military applications. Among the various types of UAVs, the quadcopter stands out as a multirotor aircraft capable of vertical take-off and landing (VTOL). The primary factors affecting the imbalance of a quadcopter typically include payload weight and wind disturbances. The payload carried by the quadcopter can lead to instability during flight, while wind, as an external factor, significantly affects the aircraft’s stability. Irregular wind direction and speed can shake the quadcopter's body, resulting in unstable flight conditions. Developing a quadcopter that remains stable during flight, selecting an appropriate control method is crucial to achieve the desired balance. One effective approach for controlling brushless motor speed is the Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) control method. Among various PID tuning methods, the Ziegler-Nichols method is considered effective for this application.Based on this study, the control of the roll (ɸ) and pitch (θ) angles of the quadcopter yielded the following PID parameters: Kp = 15, Ki = 0.55, and Kd = 0.13. The results indicate that the quadcopter has not yet achieved perfect stability in flight. This research represents an initial stage in designing a quadcopter balance control system using the Ziegler-Nichols PID tuning method.]]>
<![CDATA[Tensile Performance of Inter-Module Connections for Modular Steel Buildings Using Finite Element Method ]]>
<![CDATA[Shoifah, Umi Arifatus]]>;
<![CDATA[Husin, Nur Ahmad]]>;
<![CDATA[Tajunnisa, Yuyun]]>
<![CDATA[ IPTEK The Journal of Engineering Vol 11, No 3 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ]]>
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DOI: 10.12962/j23378557.v11i3.a23072
<![CDATA[Steel modular construction is an innovative technology that uses prefabricated volumetric module units manufactured in a factory and assembled on site via inter-module connections. However, this system's application in high-rise buildings is limited because the structural performance is strongly influenced by the inter-module connection mechanism. This technology uses a translational spring model to transfer loads between modules through inter-module connections. This approach uses threaded steel rod components, connection plates, shear keys, shear plates, and tie plates. This research aims to determine the maximum tensile capacity of the connection. It also aims to study stress distribution due to tensile forces and failure modes in vertical modular connections. This research uses the finite element method (FEM) to perform numerical analysis by applying monotonic loads. Simulation results indicate that the connection's maximum tensile capacity is 307.48 kN, distributed among two rods with capacities of 153.74 kN each at a displacement of 23.2 mm. The rod undergoes elastic deformation up to Fy = 900 MPa, followed by a plastic phase up to nearly Fu = 1,100 MPa, causing permanent strain and necking. Tensile failure occurred due to plasticity and necking conditions.]]>
