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Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 01261312     EISSN : 23563931     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.19106/JMedSci005303202101
Core Subject : Science,
Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience
Journal of the Medical Sciences (JMedSci) or Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran (BIK) is an international, open-access, and double-blind peer-reviewed journal, published by Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia. JMedSci aiming to communicate high-quality articles in the areas of biomedical science from basic to clinical sciences.The journal welcomes papers from original articles, case reports, reviews, and book reviews. All papers published in JMedSci are freely available as downloadable pdf files. The journal began its publication on March 1973 and published quarterly (January, April, July, and October). JMedSci is abstracted and indexed in DOAJ, Crossref, Google Scholar, Sinta, Indonesia One Search. JMedSci is accredited by Directorate of General Higher Education, the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Indonesia
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 2,170 Documents
 104   105   106   107   108 
Characterization of antigens of hookworm larvae (Ancylostoma spp.) Sri Sumarni Sri Sumarni
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 24, No 04 (1992)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Cutaneous larva migrans (CLM) is caused by animal hookworm larvae in man. The conventional diagnosis and treatment of CLM will injure the skin of the patients, and the results are not satisfying. Therefore it should be necessary to do the serological test to diagnose CLM.The antigens were prepared by extracting the hookworm larvae in CTAB detergent, and injected into Balb/C mice. Characterization of antigens were done, quantitatively (by spectrophotonieter) and qualitatively (by SDS PAGE electrophoresis).The results showed that the titre rate of hookworm larvae antigens was 145 ug/ml. The antigens consist of 4 protein fractions with molecular weight of 25 KD, 55 KD, 66 KD and above 66 KD. Those antigents apparently generated high immune response in immunized miceKey Words; Ancylostoma spp. - CTAB detergent - SDS PAGE electrophoresis - immunology - parasitology
Herpes simplex virus infection. The roles of T4ymphocytes in host responses M. Cholis M. Cholis
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 28, No 04 (1996)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

T-lymphocytes are the most important component of the immune response to control recurrent infections. T-Iumphocytes of CD4+ and CD8 + recognize a variety of viral proteins and produce lymphokines with antiviral and immunomodulatory effects. Both CD4+ and CIDER- bearing T-cells can kill HSV infected host cells. The relation between specific T-cells responses and severity of HSV disease have not been consistently detected. Interaction between T-cells responses and HSV and host cells result in a dynamic state of latency. HSV has evolved special mechanisms for evasion of host immunity. Reactivation can result in recurrences with the implication of transmission and/or disease. Molecular definition of T-cell responses for HSV may lead to immunological intervention to prevent HSV disease. Impaired T-cell immunity should be considered as a risk factor for severe infections.Key words: herpes simplex - T-cell role - latency - immunocompromised - vaccine
The effectiveness of rectal and oral paracetamol in decreasing fever in children Gama AF Isnaeni Djauhar Ismail Sasmito Nugroho
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 40, No 04 (2008)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Background: The common treatment to reduce fever is administration of paracetamol orally. However, oral route is sometimes not possible due to some problems, such as vomiting, irritability, unconsciousness, and convulsion and therefore, paracetamol should be administered rectally.Objectives: To know the effectiveness of rectal compared to oral administration of paracetamol in febrile children.Methods: This study was a parallel randomized, double-blind, controlled trial, comparing the effectiveness of rectal paracetamol to oral paracetamol. The study subjects were children with fever. Consecutive sampling was used to collect samples, and block randomization was used for random allocation. The study was conducted from November 1, 2006 to April 30, 2008. The body temperature was measured just before taking the drug (to), and was monitored after 30 minutes (t1), 60 minutes (t2), 90 minutes (t3), 120 minutes (t4), 150 minutes (t5), and 180 minutes (t6). Inferential statistic tests used were chi square, t-test and Mann Whitney U test.Results: A total of 176 subjects eligible for the study were randomly assigned to receive either paracetamol 12.5 mg/kgBW rectally (88 subjects) or paracetamol 12.5 mg/kgBW orally (88 subjects). There were 6 subjects who were drop-out and 1 subject failed from rectal group, and 6 subjects were drop-out and 2 subjects failed from oral group. Paracetamol average dose for each group was 12.5 mg/kgBW. The proportion of the decrease in body temperature to 38°C in the first 30 minutes was significantly higher ??? in oral group. The change in body temperature from initial body temperature between oral and rectal routes after 30 minutes was significantly different (to-t1: p=0.003), but later the decrease was notstatistically different (to-t2: p = 0.471, to-t3: p = 0.488, to-t4: p =0.824, to-t5: p = 0.790, to-t6: p = 0.493): the differences between two periods of measurement were not significant (t1-t2: p=0.073, t2t3: p=0.791, t3-t4: p=0,171, t4-t5: p=0.199, t5-t6: p=0.426), except from to-t1 (p=0.005).Conclusion: Rectal paracetamol 12.5 mg/kgBW had a higher effectiveness compared with oral paracetamol to reduce fever in children.Key words: fever - rectal paracetamol - oral paracetamol - effectiveness
Diabetes Mellitus dan Sulfonilurea Ahmad H. Asdie Ahmad H. Asdie
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 21, No 01 (1989)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Diabetes mellitus characterized by increased blood glucose level (hyperglycemia) is currently recognized to be a heterogenous disorder. Although there has been general acceptance of the classification adopted by WHO Expert Committee on Diabetes Mellitus in 1980, the WHO Study Group revised the classification in 1985. The most important change from the previous classification is the appearance of malnutrition-related diabetes mellitus as a major subclass, ranking with IDDM (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus) or type I diabetes mellitus and NIDDM (non-insulin- dependent diabetes mellitus) or type II diabetes mellitus.Sulfonylurea orally administered hypoglycemic agents have been used in the treatment of NIDDM for more than 30 years. Despite this fact, the mechanism responsible for hypoglycemic action of sulfonylurea agents remains controversial. Sulfonylureas are now generally thought to act by improving both the ability of pancreatic islets to secrete insulin and the response of tissues to insulin. There are two kinds of sulfonylureas, so-called first•generation sulfonylureas (tolbutamide and chlorpropamide) and second-generation sulfonylureas (glybenclamide, glyclazide, glypizide, and glyquidone), now available in Indonesia. The indications, contraindications, and guidelines for the use of these agents, as well as their mechanisms of action and the differences among them, are reviewed in this article.Key Words: classification of diabetes mellitus - sulfonylureas - hyperglycemia - malnutrition -- insulin
Gangguan gizi di poliklinik mata Rumah Sakit Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Gunawan Gunawan
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 9, No 02 (1977)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

keywords: kwashiorkor, malnutrisi, defisiensi vitamin A.
Role and psychological dependenci arrangement of opioid by type of reseptor opioid Arif Nurrochmad Arif Nurrochmad
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 36, No 4 (2004)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Opioid receptor can be classified as p., 8, and K-opioid receptor that widely expressed in the CNS. The development of selective receptor agonist and cloning of each receptor have contributed greatly to our increasing knowledge of the neuropharmacological profile of each opioid receptor type. This review focuses on the functional interaction among these opioid receptor types that contribute to opioid dependence especially in psychological dependence. Several lines of evidence provide arguments to support substantial roles for p-opioid receptors and the possible involvement of 8-opioid receptors in the development of physical and psychological dependence on morphine. Many studies have pointed to the mesolimbic dopaminergic system projecting from the ventral tegmental area to the nucleus accumbens as a critical site for the initiation of psychological dependence on opioids. It is important to note as the broad existence of opposing interaction between p/8-, and K-receptors in the central nervous system. The activation of Kopioid receptors leads to the suppression of unpleasant p.- or 8-mediated side effects such as withdrawal and rewarding effect. Considering the functional interaction among opioid receptor types, the co-administration of morphine-like compounds with K-receptor agonists lead suppressing the side effects of p-opioid receptor agonist that benefit for the pain management.Key words: Opioid receptor - receptor types - psychological dependence - morphine
Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis for infantile chronic renal failure (A case report). Pungky AK Pungky AK
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 33, No 04 (2001)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

A two month old male infant with lethargy, vomiting, and loss of body weight was referred to Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan. He had increased levels of BUN and serum creatinine, and severe metabolic acidosis. Ultrasonography exhibited hypoplasia kidney. Treatment with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), recombinant human erythropoietin, and recombinant human growth hormone was started immediately on the admission day. All of his symptoms were disappeared and he grew up well. He was discharged 3 months after admission and he had been treated with the above therapy in Out Patient Clinic. CAPD on CRF patient is the most essential management. CAPD system should be introduced to save infants and children with chronic renal failure in Indonesia.Keywords : chronic renal failure - peritoneal dialysis — infant - hypoplasia kidney - recombinant growth hormone
Physical status and motor performance of junior high school children age of 12-15 years in rural and urban Bantul Yogyakarta Janatin Hastuti
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 39, No 04 (2007)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Background: Physical status and motor performance are influenced by living conditions. Those parametersare believed as factors indicated socioeconomics level of a population which effect on the children growth.Growth is also affected by other factors such as nutrition, genetics, hormone, disease, physical activity,environmental stress, and lifestyle. During growth, children adapt to their environment to achieve optimalfunctional efficiency.Objective: The aim of this research is to investigate physical status and motor performance of junior highschool children age of 12-15 years in Bantul Regency Yogyakarta Province, whether it is differ betweenrural and urban and between boys and girls.Methods: The research was done on 481 junior high school students of 12-15 years old, boys and girls,which consisted of 247 children living in District of Kretek (rural area) and 234 children living in Districtof Bantul (urban area). All subjects were measured on weight, height, upper arm girth, and skinfoldthickness of triceps. Physical status was determined from height, weight, body mass index, and musclearea of upper arm. Motor performance was measured on grip strength (left and right), jumping (standinglong jump method), throwing, and running tasks. Statistical analyses of chi-square, Pearson correlation,and linear regression were performed on data of physical status and motor performance of the children.Results: The results indicate that boys in both areas up to 14 years were lighter than the girls, but heavierat age of 15. However, boys were taller than the girls in all ages instead of rural boys at age of 12-13years. Body mass index and muscle area of upper arm of girls in both areas were greater than of boysexcept urban boys at age of 15 years. Boys appeared better in all motor performance tasks than the girlsas well as in motor performance relative to weight and height. Differences between rural and urban showthat urban children were taller and heavier than those were in rural. Body mass index and muscle area ofupper arms were greater in urban children. Children in urban area were also stronger in grip strength (leftand right). However, rural children were farther in jumping and throwing, and faster in running task..Conclusions: In conclusions, urban children were better in physical status and grips strength, while ruralchildren were better in jumping, throwing, and running performances. Instead of grips strength, motorperformances relative to weight and height of rural children were better than those of urban. Boys havebetter motor performance and motor performance relative to weight and height than girls.Key words: physical status; motor performance; rural and urban children.
Hypophosphatemia in lung disease. Is there any cause and effect relationship ? Barmawi Hisyam Barmawi Hisyam
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 27, No 04 (1995)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Many reports showed that hypophosphatemia is prevalent in patients of lung disease with respiratory failure. Correction for hypophosphatemia may improve respiratory capacity, hence, morbidity and mortality. Serum phosphate levels may reflect intracelluler phosphate pool. A decrease in intracellular phosphate may implicate muscular adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP) and red blood cell 2,3 di-phosphoglycerate (DPG) synthesis. Reduction in respiratory muscle ATP will reduce respiratory since ATP is the the source of energy for muscle contraction. Reduction in red blood cel 2,3 DPG will shift hemoglobin dissociation curve to the left that lead to the disturbance of oxygen extraction by the cells. Hypoxia may be resulted from those processes, therefore, recoils the poor capacity of the respiratory muscle. Underlying primary lung diseases may partly play a role in the genesis of hypophosphatemia. Drugs often used for the disease, such as corticosteroids, xathine identification and treatment of hypophosphatemia in lung disease with or without respiratory failure in order to improve morbidity and mortality of the patients.Keywords : hypophosphatemia - adenosine tri-phosphate - 2,3 di- phosphoglycerate - hypoxia – respiratory- failure 
The relationship between blood pressure and anthropometric measurements of junior high school students in the Municipality of Yogyakarta Wasilah Rochmah Wasilah Rochmah
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 16, No 02 (1984)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

The relationship between blood pressure and body weight, body height, and other anthropometric measurements, i, e,, upper arm circumference and fat thickness, was studied in 280 junior high school students, aged 12-17 years. Blood pressure was measured by using mercury sphygmomanometer; measurements were conducted once in the sitting position, and the subjects were considered to be normal based on the physical diagnostic examination. The results found showed that there are correlations between either systolic or diastolic blood pressure with anthropometric meas• ;urements. Since upper arm circumference indicates the muscle, bone and fat components of the body mass, further study is needed to determine which component has the highest correlation with blood pressure.Key Words: blood pressure - adolescence - anthropometry - nutrition - body mass

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