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Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 01261312     EISSN : 23563931     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.19106/JMedSci005303202101
Core Subject : Science,
Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience
Journal of the Medical Sciences (JMedSci) or Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran (BIK) is an international, open-access, and double-blind peer-reviewed journal, published by Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia. JMedSci aiming to communicate high-quality articles in the areas of biomedical science from basic to clinical sciences.The journal welcomes papers from original articles, case reports, reviews, and book reviews. All papers published in JMedSci are freely available as downloadable pdf files. The journal began its publication on March 1973 and published quarterly (January, April, July, and October). JMedSci is abstracted and indexed in DOAJ, Crossref, Google Scholar, Sinta, Indonesia One Search. JMedSci is accredited by Directorate of General Higher Education, the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Indonesia
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 2,170 Documents
 128   129   130   131   132 
Pengaruh penutupan arteri renalis terhadap kadar ion-ion Na, K, Ca dan jumlah eritrosit, trombosit serta hematokrit pada anjing Bambang Soejatno Bambang Soejatno
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 28, No 03 (1996)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

The effect of renal artery occlusion on the blood concentrations of sodium, potassium and calcium as well as on the amount of red blood cells, blood platelets and hematocrite were studied in dogs. Twenty dogs, both sexes, were 'used in this experiment. The dogs were anesthetized with ketalar and chloralose. The systemic blood pressure was continously monitored during the experiment. The experiment was done under normal systemic blood, left renal artery occlusion,, and on both renal arteries occlusion. The dogs were divided into four groups according to both sexes and body weight. The results showed that during the occlusion of renal artery the blood pressure increased (6.27 - 18.28%). The increase of systemic blood pressure was followed by the increase of the amount of red blood cells, blood platelets and hematocrite. The serum electrolytes concentration of sodium of both increased or decreased. The concentration of potasium and calcium decreased and increased respectively. The concentrations of sodium, potassium and calcium in the urine decreased during the occlusion of the renal artery.Key Words: renal artery occlusion - erythrocytes - blood platelets - urine electrocytes - blood electrolytes
The use of bacteriophage therapy for curing the Escherichia coli 0157 infection in mice Hera Nirwati, Susi Iravati, Mova Aria, Ida Ayu Putu Metha Restu, Rio Rendy
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 40, No 03 (2008)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Background: Diarrhea is still a problem in public health, especially in developing country such as Indonesia. Escherichia coli 0157:H7 {Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC)} is one of the important strains as the etiology of bloody diarrhea with sistemic complications such as hemolytic uremic syndrome and hemorrhagic colitis. The increase in the discovery of E. coli 0157:H7 resistance to antibiotic is a worldwide problem that must be solved. Bacteriophage application can be a promising alternative therapy. In addition, bacteriophage can also be used as diagnostic tool for bacterial identification and as biocontrol agent in bacterial water pollution.ObJective: The aim of this study was to isolate and identify a specific bacteriophage using a specific strain of E. coli 0157 and use this bacteriophage to cure the E. coli 0157 infection in mice.Methods: E. coli was isolated and identified from faecal samples of diarrheal patients from many Primary Health Centers in Yogyakarta, using McConkey Agar and biochemical media. E. coli 0157 was determined using sorbitol McConkey Agar and agglutination test. Toxins of these strains were detected using hemolysis assay method. Bacteriophage was isolated using one of E. coli 0157 strain (E. coli K-151) from river water of Kali Mambu. The therapeutic effect of this bacteriophage was studied using eighteen threemonth-old male mice of Swiss strain. They were classified randomly into three groups (6 groups). Mice in group A and B were infected with 0.5 ml of 108 CFU of E. coli suspension orally. Only mice in group A were treated with bacteriophage 1.10"pfu/mL, while those in group B were not treated, and group C was used as control.Results: Three strains of E. coli 0157 (K-151, K-840 and K-854) were isolated among 70 E. coli isolates. Bacteriophage K-151 was isolated from the river water. Average cure duration in the group who was given phage K-151 therapy was 34.17 hours, and average cure duration in the group that was not given phage K-151 therapy was 72.7 hours. The mortality rate of group A was 0%, while in group B was 17%. Conclusion: Bacteriophage is effective as alternative therapy against E. coli infection in mice.Keywords: E. coli 0157 - bacteriophage - hemolysis assay - diarrhea
Patogenesis Diabetes Mellitus Tidak Bergantung Insulin (Non-/fain/in Dependent Diabetes Mellitus) Ahmad H. Asdie Ahmad H. Asdie
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 21, No 03 (1989)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

The paper described a Short review of mechanism of glucose intolerance in most non-innilin dependent diabetics which is now clear that is not caused by defect in insulin secretion.alone. Genetic predisposition, impaired glucose-mediated insulin secretion, excessive basal hepatiC gluciase production (HGP) and cellular resistance to insulin action have been docuthented in NIDDM:The increase in basal HGP is the primary factor responsible for fasting hyperglycemia, where as both insulin resistance in peripheral tissues and relative defective insulin secretion contribute to the impaired glucose disposal following oral or intravenous glucose administration. Both receptor and post-receptor defects contribute to the insulin resistance observed in non-insulin dependent diabetic patients.The heterogeneity' of NIDDM may present as insulin "resistant or insulin sensitive variety:Key Words: NIDDM -- insulin secretion --hepatic glucose produCtion -- insulin resistance type -- insulin sensitive type,
Evolusi ekosistem manusia T. Jacob T. Jacob
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 9, No 01 (1977)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

keywords: antropologi, evolusi, evolusi
Risk factors of constipation in children Dyah Kurniati Dyah Kurniati
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 35, No 4 (2003)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Background: Despite it is not considered as a dangerous situation in children older than 2 years old, but attention is important in young infant. Improper treatment in constipation may contributed to the raise of anxiety, emotionally disorder either for the children or its relatives.Objective: To determine risk factors related to constipation in children.Design and Methods: A case control study was conducted for all of children who were admitted to ambulatory polyclinic and inpatient clinic of Sardjito Hospital during January 2001 - December 2001. A questionnaire was obtained by the researcher or assistant by direct interview to parent or guardian.Results: We enrolled 86 children, consisted of 43 children in constipation group and the43 children as control. There was significant  difference (p  < 0.01) between two groups in the presence of the symp-toms (abdominal pain, pain during defecation, vomit, decrease of appetite and encopresis). More childrenin constipation group and significant difference (p<0.01) when reported having toilet training distur- bance, daily fluid intake, the variety of daily meals (vegetables, fruits) and sweetened foods. Relative risk of having constipation due to toilet training disturbance in constipations group is 0.14 (CI:  0.06 - 0.38).Conclusion: Toilet training disturbance, daily fluid intake, the variability of daily meals and sweetened foods are risk factors of constipation in childhood.Key words: children - constipation - clinical findings- risk factors
The occurence of complication in post punctured vasectomy vs standard method Ishandono Dachlan Ishandono Dachlan
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 31, No 04 (1999)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Background: Punctured Technique of Vasectomy is a simple and refined method of vasectomy. This method was introduced to make fewer complications and to remove the fear of surgical knife.Objective: This study was aimed to assess the ease of procedure, safety, and effectiveness of Punctured Technique of Vasectomy.Methods: A prospective study of 80 acceptors has been done at Dr. Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta from January 1991 up to Jury 1991. These subjects were randomly distributed into two groups, Punctured Method (39) and Standard Method (41). Duration of operation and complication done during operation was recorded. The follow up for complication was recorded in the second week post-operative, and sperm analyses was done in the tenth week post-operative.Results: Duration of Punctured Method (9,7179 ± 2,9731 minutes) was significantly different (p-value =0,0006) compared to that of Standard Method (12,1951 ± 3,2421 minutes). There were two complications during Punctured Method operation compared to six complications during Standard Method operation (RR =1,54; 95%Cl: 0,97 - 2,46). In the second post-operative week, there was no complication in the Punctured Method group, while there was one wound infection in the Standard Method group. Sperm analysis both groups showed no active spermatozoon.Conclusion: Punctured Method is easier than Standard Method, and there was no difference of effectiveness in both methods.Key words: punctured vasectomy - complications - sperm - analysis
Drug use in pregnancy and labor Risanto Siswosudarmo Risanto Siswosudarmo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 23, No 02 (1991)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Drug use in pregnancy should consider two main things, the first is its indication to the mother and the second, the more important, is its potential side-effect to the fetus. The aim of this paper is to review the possibility of side-effects of drugs commonly used during pregnancy, labor and delivery.Side-effects of drugs to the fetus are classified into three catagories namely1. embryotoxic effect,2. teratogenic effect and 3. minor side-effect.Embryotoxic effect is the most severe side-effect causing CO the death of the conceptus which usually terminates in early abortion. Teratogenic effect is an effect that causes major congenital anomalies. This effect happens if certain drugs are taken during the phase of organogenesis, i. e. between the third and the eighth week after conception. The minor side-effect may occur if some potential drugs are taken during the fetal period, i. e. during the phase of cellular hypertrophia or after the second month of pregnancy.Based on the teratogenic property of drugs, they can be classified into three major divisions:1. known teratogens such as thalidomide, anticancer drugs, certain hormones, sodium valproate and isotretionine,2. probable teratogens such as anticonvulsant, tobacco, alcohol, lithium, warfarin, and3. possible teratogens such as barbiturate, sulphonamide, certain an timalarials, oral an ndiabetics, LSD, certain antibiotics and some vaccines.The severity of anomalies in the fetus depends on the type of drugs, dosage, phase of fetal development, and species sensitivity. The general rule is all potential teratogenic drugs should be avoided during pregnancy, especially during the first trimester. Drugswith certain teratogenic effect should absolutely not be used during pregnancy, in spite of its indication.Key Words: drugs - pregnancy - teratogens - embryo toxic effects - congenital malformation
Potency of sunscreen of cinnamat and benzophenon combination in various concentrations Dewi Martini Dewi Martini
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 27, No 03 (1995)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

This study was aimed at determining the effect of dilution of active ingredients of chemical sunscreen consisting of octyl-methoxy cinnamate and benzophenon-3 on its potency, in terms of SPF (sun-protection factor) and APF (UV-A protection factor).Factors of sun & UV-A protection factor had been tested in the Laboratory of Photobiology, Department of Dermato-Venereology Dr. Sardjito General Hospital Yogyakarta, involving 45 people who were voluntarily participating in the study of sun-protection Factor and 22 people in the study of UV-A protection factor.The results showed that there was a significant correlation between APF of the chemical sunscreen and dilution of the active ingredients, but unseen for SPF. No differences in the potency of cream and lotion sunscreens. Based on this study, it is recommended that all concentration of these sunscreens can be used by Indonesians.Key words : cinnamate - benzophenon - sunscreen - sun protection factor - UV-A protection factor 
Effect of C677T Mutation in Methiylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Gene and Blood Folate on Hypertension Risk Sunarti Ahmad Husain Asdie Mohammad Hakimi, Abdul Salam M Sofro
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 39, No 02 (2007)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Background: The prevalence of hypertension risk factor varies among race or ethnic groups. The varied prevalence is associated with culture or genetic differences or interaction between genetic and environment or nutrition factorsObjective: The aim of this study was to identify relationship between polymorphism of C677T in MTHFR gene and folate status towards the risk of hypertension among Javanese population.Methods: This study was case-control nested, in "Surveillance of Non-Communicable Diseases" in Purworejo, Central Java. The subjects were men with essential hypertension and 20-60 years old that had normal value of urine creatinine, blood glucose, cholesterol and triacylglycerol. They didn't take antihypertension drugs. The analysis of C677T polymorphism in MTHFR gene was done according to Frosst et al. (1995) method. The blood folate level was determined by Delfia-Folate Kit (PerkinElmer). The methods of Pfeiffer et al. (1999) was used to identify plasma total homocysteine level.Results: Odds ratio for subjects with CT genotype was 1.36 ICI: 95%:0.50;3.70); folate deficiency was 1.40 ICI: 95%:0.57;3.451; and both CT genotype and folate deficiency was 2.30 (CI: 95%:0.45;15.001. Homocysteine level of the cases with both folate deficiency and CT genotype was 45.28 .:!:. 30.39; and only folate deficiency was 17.94.:!:. 12.77; whereas in the control with both folate deficiency and CT genotype was 21.44.:!:. 10.71 and only folate deficiency was 11.79.:!:. 5.28.Conclusions: The effect of folate deficiency to homocysteine level and hypertension risk was slighly stronger than the genetic effect of C677T in MTHFR gene. In subjects with normal folate level, the CT genotype did not influence homocysteine level.Kata kunci:polymorphism, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, folate, hypertension
Clinical experience with Clonidine in the treatment of hypertension Ahmad H. Asdie Ahmad H. Asdie
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 13, No 04 (1981)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

In this article we reported our experience with Clonidine in treating hypertensive patients in the Department of Internal Medicine, Gadjah Mada University Hospital, Pugeran, Yogyakarta. 25 patients suffering from severe or moderate hypertension of 13 females and 10 males were included in the study. The treatment began with a small dose of 0.075 mg bid. This dose if necessary was increased every 3-7 days. In some patients diuretics were added.Side effects and effect of treatment on the blood pressure are described and discussed.Key Words: hypertension - clooidine - diuretics - renal failure - antihypertensive drugs

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