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Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 01261312     EISSN : 23563931     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.19106/JMedSci005303202101
Core Subject : Science,
Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience
Journal of the Medical Sciences (JMedSci) or Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran (BIK) is an international, open-access, and double-blind peer-reviewed journal, published by Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia. JMedSci aiming to communicate high-quality articles in the areas of biomedical science from basic to clinical sciences.The journal welcomes papers from original articles, case reports, reviews, and book reviews. All papers published in JMedSci are freely available as downloadable pdf files. The journal began its publication on March 1973 and published quarterly (January, April, July, and October). JMedSci is abstracted and indexed in DOAJ, Crossref, Google Scholar, Sinta, Indonesia One Search. JMedSci is accredited by Directorate of General Higher Education, the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Indonesia
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 2,170 Documents
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CERUMEN I.B. Agung I.B. Agung
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 8, No 04 (1976)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

kata kunci: cerumen
Computer tomography scanning of Homo Erectus crania Ngandong 7 from Java: Internal structure, paleopathology and post-mortem history Antoine Balzeau Antoine Balzeau
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 35, No 3 (2003)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Background: Computer Tomography scanning has recently been a tool for diagnosis of normal anatomy and pathology in medical sciences. The CT method has also been applied in ancient human skeletal remains and yield good results for researching the morphology, pathology, and postfossilization bone alteration. Paleoanthropological evidences exhibit that biological remains sometimes are fossilised, thus enabling the pursuit of scientific inquiries in regard to anatomy and biology of ancient humans.Aim of study: to know the morphology and anatomy of the crania including the internal structures that is not feasible' in external bone study, such air pneumatisation, the shape of frontal sinuses, and thickness of the external table, diploe, or the internal table. This study also aims to know the mineralization distribution as a result of fossilization.Material and Method: The material in this study was a fossil crania of Ngandong 7 that belongs to the latest representation of the Homo erectus from Ngandong, East Java, Indonesia. Ng 7 is from the Late Pleistocene period dated about 27,000 to 100,000 years ago. The CT scan was conducted in the QuinzeVingts hospital, Paris, in January 2001. The method used is by applying a medical CT-based data in order to extract the maximum information concerning mineralization, internal cranial features, osseous distribution and disease. An adapted acquisition and analysis protocols are developed from the CT scan.Results: Mineralization of Ng 7 occurred during fossilization, causing the diploe to be thickened than normally in antemortem and prefosilization periods. Because of post-mortem transformation of the individual structures, many slices of CT scans were necessary. The internal structures showed ovoid shape of frontal sinuses, and well developed pneumatisation of the mastoid region. Cracks were detected as a result of postfosilization compressions. Lesions appeared on CT scan just posterior to the bregma in the form of eroded external table. This caused diffuse boundary between external table, diploe, and internal table due to homogenous mineralizationConclusion: It is concluded that the Ngandong 7 Homo erectus shares internal morphological similarities with other Ngandong and Sambungmacan fossils and presents lesions that might have caused by pathology during the life of the individual. The post-mortem history of this fossil appears to be composed of at least two distinct stages with osseous loss and fluvial transport, followed by taphonomic and diagenetic processes.Key words: Ngandong, Homo erectus, computer tomography, paleopathology, post-mortem history
The roles of forensic anthropology in fetal death investigation Etty Indriati Etty Indriati
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 31, No 03 (1999)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Physical anthropologist who has a training in forensic anthropology may be requested to give an expertestimony. In case of discovery of fetal remains, forensic scientist should understand on what main principles of medicolegal examination the evidences are based. In relation with fetal skeletal remains several investigations should be emphasized, i.e. the origin of the skeleton, the maturity compared with gestational age, the prematurity, whether the fetus is viable at birth, is the case an abortion one, the furnish data indicating the possible cause of death, and the time elapased between the interment and the discovery.The aim of this paper is to discuss the role of forensic anthropology in fetal death investigation and to present case studies of fetal death. The methods used in this study are those by various experts, to determine the age of fetuses. The material of the case study is an unknown fetal remain from Java-Indonesia sent by the law enforcement agency. The study was carried out in the Laboratory of Bioanthropology and Paleoanthropology Faculty of Medicine in July 1990. The result shows the Ohtsuki's method proved to be the most appropriate in this case, probably due to the similarity in body size between the Japanese and Indonesian. The result also shows that fetal age identification is extremely sensitive to measurement error. An error of 2 mm. Can lead to 3 months difference in fetal age, therefore, a caliper with 0.005 mm. accuracy is suggested. The conclusion drawn from this study is that physical anthropology is a necessary part of forensic investigation.Key Words: fetal remains investigation - Java origin - fetal age - identification method - forensic anthropology
Isolation and characterization of spore-forming bacilli pathogenic for mosquito larvae in Java Sugeng Juwono Mardihusodo Sugeng Juwono Mardihusodo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 23, No 01 (1991)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

The use of chemical insecticides for controlling mosquito vector of diseases has resulted in a lot of negative impacts. The objective of this study was to search for spore-forming bacilli effective as larvicides for prospective production and being determined as one of the alternatives in the vector control strategies.The bacilli were tried to be isolated from mosquito larvae, soil and water of various mosquito larval habitats surveyed in several areas of Yogyakarta Special Territory, Central Java and EastJava. A number of 549 isolates was obtained from 203 total samples collected. Tests of pathogenicity of all isolates against early fourth stage larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus mosquito revealed the existence of 4 positive bacilli, namely B. pumilus, B. eereus and two new strains of B. sphaericus.Key Wards: spore-forming bacilli -entomopathogens - B. pumilus B. cereus - B. sphaericus
Analysis of haplotype associated with mutation in a-thalassemia Sunarto Sunarto
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 27, No 03 (1995)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

B-thalassemia is mainly caused by point mutation of B-gene. There are more than 130 mutations, while only a little more than 20 haplotypes in B-gene. Many types of mutation are assosiated with one haplotype. On the other hand, one type of mutation may be associated with more than one chromosome haplotypes. The association of mutation and haplotype raises many questions. An analysis of haplotype has proved to be very useful to discover many aspects of thalassemia. The occurrence of certain mutation in a population might be predicted from the common haplotype of the population. Haplotype has been used to answer the question whether a certain mutation has multiple or single origin; for example the multiple origin of BE-gene in Cambodian population and the single origin of codon 39(CAG -+TAG) are associated with nine different haplotypes in Sardinia. It is suggested that haplotype probably influences the manifestation of thalassemia resulting in thalassemia intermedia.Key words : thalassemia - haplotype - point mutation - recombination - phenotype
Comparison of the Diagnostic Test of Leukocyte Count, Percentage of Neurtrophyl, and C-Reactive protein (CRP) in Adult Patients With Simple and Complicated Acute Appendicitis Imam Sofii Agus Barmawi Ishandono Dachlan
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 39, No 01 (2007)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Background: acute appendicitis is one of the acute abdomen conditions that needs an emergency surgical procedure to prevent severe complication. If the perforation is present, the complications are general peritonitis, abscess and postoperative complication such as fistula and operative wound infection. Late diagnosis can increase the mortality and morbidity. There are about 11.2%-30% cases with intestinal perforation caused by late diagnosis. The leukocyte count, percentage of neutrophyl and C-reactive protein (CRP) are valuable informations to diagnose the perforation and nonperforation acute appendicitis in adult patients.Method: a prospective cross sectional study was held on diagnostic test from patient's database for acute appendicitis cases in Digestive Surgery Subdivision of Dr Sardjito Hospital from December 2005 until October 2006. The data was classified as simple and complicated acute appendicitis based on the histopathology result. Eighty two were found for both groups which fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The diagnostic test Le. sensitivity, specificity, Positive Predictive Value (PPV), Negative Predictive Value (NPV), Likelihood Ratio (LR +), Likelihood Ratio (LR-I, accuracy and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) with area under the curve (AUC) were analyzed for the leukocyte count, neutrophyl, and C-reactive protein (CRP) in each group with histopathology result as a gold standard.Result: the leukocyte count, neutrophyl and C-reactive protein (CRP) had respectively sensitivity of: 70,07%; 74,54%; 89,09%; specificity 70,37%; 70,37%; 81,48%; Positive Predictive Value (PPV): 82,97%; 83,67%; 90,74%; Negative Predictive Value (NPV) 54,28%; 57,57%; 78,57%; Likelihood Ratio (LR+) 2,36%; 2,51 %; 4,56%, Likelihood Ratio (LR-) 0,42%; 0,22%; 0,13%, area under the curve (AUC) 0,797; 0,744; 0,891, and accuracy 70,73%; 73,17%, 86,56%.Conclusion: C-reactive protein (CRP) was a better diagnostic test to differ simple from complicated acute appendicitis in adult patient compared to leukocyte count and neutrophy!.Key words: simple and complicated acute appendicitis, leukocyte cout, neutrophyl, C- reactive protein
Vitamin B12 dan Anemia Megaloblastik Harjani Harjani
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 13, No 03 (1981)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Vitamin B12 is an essential factor for DNA synthesis, and it is also needed in the reaction for the production of lipoprotein in myelin sheaths of the nerve system.It is known that vitamin B12 deficiency causes.among others disturbances in the nucleus formation and leads to megaloblastic anemias, with or without disturbances of the peripheral nerve system. Disturbances in the nucleus formation affect cells of tissues which have a relatively rapid turnover such as hemopoiedc precursors in the bone marrow and the mucosal epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract.As the importance of the role of the vitamin in the formation and the development of cells and as the deficiency of the vitamin may initiate a vicious circle which aggravates more and more the deficiency and the defect of the gastrointestinal mucosa, it is very important to cut the circle with, for example, a high dose of parentera I vitamin B12 with sufficient quantity and quality of food.Key Words: gastric intrinsic factor - methylcobalamin - hydroxocobalamin megaloblastic - anemia - vitamin B12
Urticaria: An Every day Experience to all Practitioners Soedarmadi Soedarmadi
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 7, No 01 (1975)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

key words: urticaria
Agreement between ultrasonography and histopatologic findings in diagnosing retinoblastoma Fitria Natliani
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 43, No 01 (2011)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Retinoblastoma is a rare eye tumor of childhood that represents the most common intraocular malignancy ofinfancy and childhood. Diagnosis of retinoblastoma are based on ophthalmological examination and imaging, includingultrasonography (USG). In a typical case of retinoblastoma, it will provide a nearly pathognomonic picture withcottage-cheese calcification, with density higher than the sclera and high internal reflectivity in USG findings.Histopathologic examination is a gold standard formalignany cases and Flexner-Wintersteiner cells is a pathognomonicsign. The aim of this study is to determine the value of an agreement test comparing USG as a preoperativediagnostic tool with histopatologic examination in diagnosing retinoblastoma. This study was an observationalagreement test. All of the patients with clinically suspected intraocular lession were examined with USG followedby surgery and histopathologic examination in Eye Clinic of Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta. The result of USGexaminationswas interpreted by one eye oncologist and the histopathologic readingwas performed by one anatomicalpathologist. Data were analyzed to determine the agreement value. Thirty three eyes, 21 eyes were retinoblastomasuspected and 12 eyes were non-retinoblastoma suspected based on USG examination), were observed in thisstudy. One eye (3.03%) was false positive case and 1 was false negative case. The Kappa value of agreement testwas 0.87. In conclusion, ultrasonography of the eye as a pre-operative diagnostic tool had an excellent agreementcompared with histopathological examination as a gold standard in retinoblastoma.Key words: eye-retina-intraocular malignancy-diagnosis-Kappa value
Syringomyelia and its treatment - A case report Siti Musfiroh Siti Musfiroh
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 30, No 03 (1998)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Syringomyelia is a chronic progressive degenerative disorder of the spinal cord, characterized clinically by brachial amyotrophy and segmental sensory loss of dissociated type. Pathologically shows cavitation in the central parts of the spinal cord, usually at the cervical region but extending upward into medulla oblongata and pons or downward into the thoracic or even the lumbar segments. This disorder doesn't product weakness of the limb. The early symptom, was weighty and stiffness of the neck, and painful of the right arm. After four years her right shoulder was pain too and there was anesthesia, with Magnetic Resonance Imaging we knew that she had syringomelia in the carvical area. She became exellent outcome after shunting. Conclusion : the case was the shoulder arm syndrom case with segmental anesthesia which was becoming worst, it should be suspecious of syringomelia and it must be treated by establishing shunt.key word : syringomyelia - brachial amyotrophy - anesthesia - magnetic resonance imaging.

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