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INDONESIA
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)
Core Subject : Science,
Journal of the Medical Sciences (JMedSci) or Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran (BIK) is an international, open-access, and double-blind peer-reviewed journal, published by Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia. JMedSci aiming to communicate high-quality articles in the areas of biomedical science from basic to clinical sciences.The journal welcomes papers from original articles, case reports, reviews, and book reviews. All papers published in JMedSci are freely available as downloadable pdf files. The journal began its publication on March 1973 and published quarterly (January, April, July, and October). JMedSci is abstracted and indexed in DOAJ, Crossref, Google Scholar, Sinta, Indonesia One Search. JMedSci is accredited by Directorate of General Higher Education, the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Indonesia
Articles 2,170 Documents
Renoprotective effects of ACE inhibitors on the progression of diabetic kidney disease Mochammad Sja'bani Mochammad Sja'bani
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 27, No 01 (1995)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Functional and structural abnormalities in diabetic kidney disease lead to intraglomerular hypertension and albuminuria. Systemic hypertension and genetically inherited defect on autoregulation in preglomerular arterioles will enhance kidney injury in those patients. ACE inhibitors could reduce albuminuria In patients with diabetic nephropathy and animal models. Hemodynamic improvement manifested by the reduction of albuminuria by ACE inhibitors is only seen in the experimental studies. However, recent studies have shown that ACE inhibitors, especially captopril, could give protective effects on kidneys in insulin-dependent diabetics with nephropathy. Captopril also reduces the risk of death, dialysis, and kidney transplantation in those patients.Key words: diabetes mellitus -- kidney disease -- ACE inhibitors -- albuminuria -- kidney preservation
Neuroprotective effect of vitamin D3 toward apoptosis induced by ethanol in CA1 pyramidal cells of rat hippocampus Junaedy Yunus Djoko Prakosa Dwi Cahyani Ratna Sari
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 44, No 01 (2012)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

As an antioxidant, Vitamin D3 can protect neurons from damage caused by oxidative stress.Ethanol is known to have neurotoxic effects by inducing an increase in oxidative stress. One ofthe brain regions that is most sensitive to neurotoxic effects induced by ethanol is hippocampus,especially its CA1 region. This study was aimed to determine the neuroprotective effects ofvitamin D3 in preventing the apoptosis in CA1 hippocampal pyramidal cells induced by ethanol.Fifteen male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) were randomly divided into three groups. The controlgroup was given daily normal saline solution intraperitoneally. The ethanol group was given20% ethanol solution at a dose of 3 g/kg BW/day intraperitoneally. The vitamin D3 group wasgiven vitamin D3 1 μg/kg BW/day in 20% ethanol solution at a dose of 3 g/kg BW/dayintraperitoneally. After 30 days, the rats were sacrificed, their brains were perfused with PBSfollowed by fixative and the hippocampus was dissected for histological preparations.Immunohistochemical staining for caspase was performed. Percentage of apoptotic CA1hippocampal pyramidal cells was calculated. The results showed there was no significant difference(p> 0.05) on the total number of pyramidal cells between the control group (20.52 ± 1.31), theethanol group (19.02 ± 1.60), and the vitamin D3 group (21. 06 ± 0.70) per field of view.However there was a significant increase (p<0.05) in the percentage of apoptotic CA1hippocampal pyramidal cells in in the ethanol group (16.09 ± 0.67%) compared to the controlgroup (10.60 ± 0.95%). Vitamin D3 significantly (p<0.05) prevented an increase in the percentageof apoptotic CA1 hippocampal pyramidal cells in the vitamin D3 group (10.82 ± 0.64%). Inconclusion, vitamin D3 had a neuroprotective effect to prevent an increase in apoptosis in CA1hippocampal pyramidal cells to the neurotoxic effects induced by ethanol.
Survai Aedes Aegypti L. (Diptera: Cu I. Pengukuran Index Breteaulicidae) Di Yogyakarta Sugeng Juwono Sugeng Juwono
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 6, No 03 (1974)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Keyword : Aedes Aegypti
Breast fibrocystic change and Page's classification Ahmad Ghozali Ahmad Ghozali
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 26, No 01 (1994)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Fibrocystic change is a benign breast lesion commonly found in women. In the past this lesion was regarded as having a high potential malignancy. By using Page's classification, Dupont and Page histologically proof that most of fibrocystic lesions (69,7%) have equal risk for malignancy with normal women population. Only 4% of the benign breast lesion have high risk to become breast carcinoma.The study of Dupont and Page has changed the terminology and point of view regarding malignant potency of the fibrocystic lesion of the breast. In the future pathologists are recommended to apply Page's classification in order to treat the patient with fibrocystic lesion more properly.Key words: fibrocystic change-carcinoma in situ of the breast-Page's classification-a typical hyperplasia-breast cancer
Quality of life epilepsy in childhood: Comparison between well-controlled epilepsy and non epilepsy Fita Wirastuti Suryono Yudha Patria Soeroyo Machfudz
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 43, No 02 (2011)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Quality of life is an important parameter in assessing the efficacy of medical interventions. Chronic diseases such asepilepsy, have a significant impact on quality of life. Childhood epilepsy is often associated with low achievement inschool, physical limitations, and disturbed social functions. The purpose of this study was to compare the quality oflife of well-controlled epileptic children with non epileptic children. This research was conducted with cross-sectionalstudy design with respondents aged 5-18 years old. All respondents were well-controlled epileptic and non epilepticchildren who were admitted to the Pediatric Polyclinic of Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia in theperiod of March until June 2010. Measurement of quality of life was conducted by filling out the questionnairePediatrics Quality of Life (PedsQL) that directly obtained from the children who were accompanied by their parent.Lower total score of PedsQL showed better quality of life. The results showed that mean total score of PedsQL onwell-controlled epileptic children (38.31±1.6) was higher than non epileptic children (8.84±0.90). Prevalence ratioof controlled epileptic children was 2.69 (95% CI: 2.01-3.58). In conclusion, well-controlled epileptic children hadlower quality of life than non epileptic children. The factors that affect quality of life of well-controlled epilepticchildren were duration of suffering from epilepsy and age at diagnosis of epilepsy.Key words: quality of life – well-controlled epileptic children - PedsQL – physical function – emotional functionsocialfunction
Hemoglobin M-Saskatoon clarified at molecular level by DNA sequencing of the 13-globin gene Purnomo Suryantoro Purnomo Suryantoro
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 30, No 01 (1998)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

DNA sequencing of the 0-globin gene was done and clarify the Hemoglobin M-Saskatoon at molecular level.A boy was detected to suffer from 13-thalassemia since three year old. At four years of age, he underwent splenectomy due to severe splenomegaly. At 10 years of age blood sample was withdrawn and enzymatic sequencing of blood lympocyte DNA showed a mutation at Codon 63 (CAT->TAT). Therefore, hemoglobin M-Saskatoon was diagnosed. This mutation was also found in his mother detected by using NLA Ill restriction enzyme which digests the wild type of DNA at the CATG/region. This is the first report to demonstrate sequencing technique identifying hemoglobin M instead of using the biophysical examination of the blood oxygen binding affinity.Key words: /3-thalassemia - hemoglobin M - Saskatoon - DNA sequencing - endonuclease restriction enzyme
Peace and the medical profession R. Soewasono R. Soewasono
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 18, No 02 (1986)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

This article described how nuclear weapons could pose a threat to the health and life of people. An all out nuclear war would destroy world civilization, and human existence itself would be imperiled. There could be no adequate medical response to a nuclear war; the only cure is prevention. Furthermore, this article pinpointed that all physicians should be aware of their responsibilities to give aid not just to the sick but to the billions of well living human beings who comprise the human species. The easiest way to shoulder this responsibility is by working to prevent nuclear war, because of their ethical commitment to protect the life and health of humankind. Finally, the teaching about nuclear weapons and nuclear war in medical schools is proposed. Key Words: peace - nuclear war - protection of humankind - medical profession - peace—oriented education
Soft Lens Soemarsono Soemarsono
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 12, No 01 (1980)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

I have presented the use of soft lenses which has a wider range when compared with that of the usual spectacles. There are some complications but we can prevent them by supervising their use.The result of the use of soft lens during three :.ears was presented. No serious complications were met. The soft lens is relatively expensive because the material is imported. Patients desiring contact lenses must exactly know the problems.Key Words: soft lens - contact lens - refraction anomaly - aphakia - erosio corneae
Effect of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agent on Sprague-Dawley rat's liver glutathione S-transferases activity Sudibyo Martono Sudibyo Martono
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 37, No 03 (2005)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Background: Glutathion S-transferase (GST) is a group of multifunction isoenzymes playing a role as katalisator in releasing inflammatory mediators prostaglandin and leukotrien. Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAID) such as pentagamavunon-0 (Pgv-0), piroxicam, and mefenamic acid have antiinflammatory effect. Aim of study: The study was to know the effect of pentagamavunon-0 (Pgv-0), piroxicam and mefenamic acid on GST.Materials and methods: The effects of non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAID.) piroxicam, mefenamic acid, and pentagamavunon-0 (Pgv-O) in vitro on mu and pi classes of Sprague-Dawley rat's liver glutathione S-transferases (GST)-activity was studied. GST-activities was measured spectrophotometrically on the conjugation reaction between glutathione (GSH) and 1,2-dichloro-4-nitrobenzene (for representing the mu class of GST) or etachrynic acid (for representing the pi class of GST). The potency of inhibitory effect was stated as IC50 value (the concentration of inhibitor resulting in 50 % inhibition of GST-activity).Results: The result showed that piroxicam inhibited strongly the mu class of GST-activity with IC60 value of 42.66 mM and inhibited weakly the pi class of GST-activity with IC50 value of 100.79 mM. Mefenamic acid inhibited weakly the mu and pi classes of GST-activity with IC50 values of 107.09 and 275,0 mM (extrapolated), respectively. In this research, Pgv-0 was found to be the strongest inhibitor of the mu class of GST-activity with IC50 value of 3.91 mM and did not inhibit the pi class of rat's liver GST-activity.Conclusions: Based on the results, it can be concluded that the three NSAIDs studied, all showed the inhibitory effects of mu class of GST-activity in decreasing order of Pgv-0, piroxicam, and mefenamic acid. Three of them did not or very weakly inhibited the pi class of rat's liver GST-activity.Key words: NSAIDs - glutathione S-transferase - pentagamavunon-0 - 1,2-dikloro-4-nitrobenzene - etachrynic acid. 
The risk factors of urinary tract infection among elementary school students in Sleman District, Yogyakarta Special Region Arya Agustino Purba Pungky Ardhani Suryana Yudha Patria, Tonny Sadjimin
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 44, No 02 (2012)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the second commonest acterial infection in Indonesian children after respiratory tract infection. In order to establish early diagnosis of UTI, it is important to recognize the risk factors of UTI in children. The aim of this study was to evaluate the associationbetween circumcision, personal hygiene, environmental sanitation, nutritional status, parents’ educational level, socioeconomic status, constipation, and class attendance with incident of UTI and to determine its prevalence in elementary school students in Depok and Ngaglik SubDistricts, Sleman District, Yogyakarta Special Region. It was a case-control study using stratified random sampling. Controls were matched with case groups based on school grade and gender. An early screening of UTI using dipstick was conducted, and continued with urine culture toconfirm microorganims infection. The association between the risk factors and the incident of UTI was evaluated using a questionnaire for the students or their parents. Prevalence of UTI in elementary school students in Sleman District was 9.96% with pathogenic microorganisms namely Klebsiella (44.1%), Echerichia coli (31.2%), and Pseudomonas (24.7%). Circumcision (OR=8.00; 95%CI=2.115-193.91; p=0.039) was statistically significant as protective factor ofUTI. Furthermore, poor personal hygiene (aOR = 4.314; 95% CI = 2.202-8.451; p = 0.000) and poor environmental sanitation (aOR = 2.481; 95% CI = 1.264-4.872; p = 0.008) were the high risk factors of UTI, whereas lower socioeconomic status and lower educational level of theparents were not significant risk factors of UTI. Other factors i.e. poor/fair nutritional status, constipation and class attendance were not risk factors of UTI. In conclusion, the prevalence of UTI in elementary school students in Sleman District is 9.96%. Circumcision is a protectivefactor of UTI, whereas poor personal hygiene and poor environmental sanitation are proven as risk factors of UTI.Keywords: urinary tract infection - risk factors - protective factor - elementary school students- pathogenic microorganism

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