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Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 01261312     EISSN : 23563931     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.19106/JMedSci005303202101
Core Subject : Science,
Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience
Journal of the Medical Sciences (JMedSci) or Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran (BIK) is an international, open-access, and double-blind peer-reviewed journal, published by Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia. JMedSci aiming to communicate high-quality articles in the areas of biomedical science from basic to clinical sciences.The journal welcomes papers from original articles, case reports, reviews, and book reviews. All papers published in JMedSci are freely available as downloadable pdf files. The journal began its publication on March 1973 and published quarterly (January, April, July, and October). JMedSci is abstracted and indexed in DOAJ, Crossref, Google Scholar, Sinta, Indonesia One Search. JMedSci is accredited by Directorate of General Higher Education, the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Indonesia
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 2,170 Documents
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Mucosal Immunity: Role of Gut-Associated Lymphoid Tissue (GALT) in IgA Response Marsetyawan HNE Soesatyo Marsetyawan HNE Soesatyo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 25, No 04 (1993)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Imunitas mukosal ditandai dengan adanya sekresi imunoglobulin (Ig)A pada perrnukaan mukosa dan kelenjar sekretorik, dikenal sebagai secretory (s) IgA. Sistem imun mukosal berbeda dengan dan tidak tergantung pada sistem imun sistemik sebab IgA diproduksi oleh sel plasma lokal, berbentuk polimerik, dan kadar sIgA tidak berkaitan dengan kadar lgA monomerik di dalam sirkulasi darah. Secretory (s)IgA berperan melindungi mukosa tubuh terhadap kuman patogen, toksin bakterial, enzim-enzim, dan sejumlah besar antigen asing termasuk antigen protein dari makanan. Selain menggumpalkan bakteri, menetralisasi virus dan toksin, sIgA mampu menghalangi perlekatan mikroorganisme pada pemukaan sel epitel usus, sehingga invasi kuman ke dalam jaringan bisa dicegah. Proses ini dikenal sebagai immune exclusion. Selain itu sIgA tahan terhadap enzim proteolitik yang dihasilkan bakteri Gram (-).Saluran pencemaan sepanjang usus halus dan usus besar mengandung jaringan limfoid yang tersebar di dalam epitel, lamina propria, atau tersusun sebagai agregat seperti lempeng Peyer (Peyer's patch. PP). Jaringan limfoid ini dikenal sebagai gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT). GALT, khususnya PP berfungsi sebagai tempat induksi respon IgA, sedangkan lamina propria sebagai tempat efektor respon imun mukosal. Induksi antigen pada PP akan mengaktifkan sel B yang diprogram untuk menghasilkan IgA atas bantuan T helper (TH), interleukin (IL-4, IL-5 dan IL-6) dan follicular dendrilic cells (FDC). Selanjutnya sel B spesifik bersama TH akan berrnigrasi ke limfonodi mesenterial, ductus thoracicus, sirkulasi darah dan beredar ke selumh tubuh. Akhimya sel B mengalami pemasakan menjadi sel plasma IgA yang slap mensekresi IgA ke perrnukaan mukosa, seperti saluran pemafasan bagian atas, saluran genital, dan saluran pencemaan. IgA juga dicurahkan ke dalam kelenjar-kelenjar sekretorik, seperti lalcrimal, ludah dan kelenjar susu. Peristiwa migrasi sel B dan sel T dari GALT dan kembali (homing) ke jaringan mukosa, balk yang letaknya dekat maupun jauh dari tempat induksi, merupakan dasar dari imunitas mukosal. Konsep ini dikenal sebagai sistem imun mukosal umum.Key Words: mucosal immune system - sIgA - Peyer's patch - M cells - oral immunization:
Number of polymorphonuclear leucocytes in the endocervical discharge smear examination as diagnostic test for chlamydial cervicitis Satiti Retno Pudjiati Satiti Retno Pudjiati
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 29, No 04 (1997)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

The chlamydial servicitis is the most prevalent sexually transmitted disease among child-bearing age women and usually asymtomatic in nature, so it is difficult to be diagnosed early and to be eradicated. The laboratory methods for supporting its clinical diagnosis, whether in vitro cultivation or automatic technique, are not only complicated but also expensive. The simplest laboratory testing, especially for primary clinical service with !imitated in laboratory equipment, is achieved by counting the total number of polymorphonuclear leucocytes of endoservical exudate. Unfortunately, the cut off point varied from one country to another. In Indonesia, this cut off point has not determined yet. The purpose of this study was to develop simple and efficient diagnostic test for diagnosing chlamydial cervicitis, by searching the cut off point of a number of polymorphonuclear leucocytes in the endocervical discharge smear examination stained with Gram. The subjects of this study were female sex workers; 44 were from the Clinic of Griya Lentera PKBI Yogyakarta and 36 were from Sanggrahan Resosialisation Yogyakarta. Gynecologic examination, laboratory examination with Gram staining and C. trachomatis antigen detection using Test Pack Chlamydia were done on all subjects. The results indicated that the cut off point of the number of polymorphonuclear leucocyte in diagnosing chlamydial cervicitis is 10 with 60 % sensitivity, 76.67 % specificity, 81 % PPV (positive predictive value) and 53.49 % NPV (negative predictive value).Key words: chlamydial cervicitis - Gram's stain - polymorphonuclear leucocyte - test pack chlamydia -female sex workers.
The effect of metformin on proliferation and glucose uptake in keloid fibroblast culture Nur Dwita Larasati, Sunardi Radiono Yohanes Widodo Wirohadidjojo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 41, No 04 (2009)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Background: Metformin as an antihyperglycemic agent has a potential effect in increasing type I collagen synthesis and decreasing MMP, so that it has a potential to be an antiaging agent. One of aging failure processes is the development of keloids. Keloids are formed due to hyperproliferation of fibroblasts, an increase of collagen synthesis, particularly type I and III, and a decrease in MMP-1 and MMP-2. Fibroblast proliferation process and collagen synthesis need glucose uptake. The study on metformin ability to aggravate or stimulate the formation of keloid has never been conducted before. Objective: The aim of this study was to know the difference of proliferation and glucose uptake between keloid fibroblasts given metformin and without metformin. Method: A simple experiment was conducted using 3rdpassage keloid fibroblasts culture. Keloid fibroblasts were divided into 2 groups, the first group was treated with metformin in the dose of 100 pg/mL, 200 pg/mL, 300 pg/ mL, 400 pg/mL, and control. Keloid fibroblasts proliferation in the first group was measured using spectrophotometer with MTT assay, and glucose uptake of keloid fibroblast in the other group was measured using glucometer. The difference in proliferation and glucose uptake of keloid fibroblast was analyzed using one-way anova. Result: The result of this study showed that the average keloid fibroblast proliferation in the metformin treatment groups was not increased compared to that in control group. Meanwhile, the average keloid fibroblast glucose consumption in metformin treatment group significantlyincreased, at the dose of 300 ig/mL (p =0.044) and 400 I!g/mL (p = 0.0081. Conclusion: Metformin could not increase keloid fibroblasts proliferation, but it could increase glucose uptake of keloid fibroblasts.
Systematic review: better or (otherwise) misleading for clinical decision? Muhammad Bayu Sasongko Hardyanto Soebono
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 42, No 01 (2010)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Systematic review is a method to combine multiple sources of evidence through an explicit and reproducible way ofliterature search and critical appraisal of the quality of included studies, with or without mathematical methods tosynthesis these information. Since this method was first introduced more than centuries ago, systematic review hasbeen increasingly popular and widely used particularly in the area of medicine. Systematic review is often veryuseful to physicians to help supporting the clinical decision making and significantly reducing their time to seek forappropriate evidence. However, despite its reproducible and systematic steps to substantially minimize the presenceof biases, physicians should still be aware that systematic review is not completely biases resistant. Inclusion ofpoor quality studies, heterogeneity, and publication or other reporting biases are commonly evident in systematicreview that may hinder the quality of the conclusion. This review summarizes the core principals of systematicreview and its potential biases, and discusses when the systematic review is useful or needing careful attention.Key words: treatment-scientific evidence- meta-analysis- critical appraisal-outcomes
Kematian maternal di bagian kebedanan fakultas kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada H. Prastowo Mardjikoen H. Prastowo Mardjikoen
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 5, No 01 (1973)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

keywords: maternal mortality rate, perinatal mortality rate, kebidanan
Pentingnya Kedokteran Ekologis Anonim Anonim
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 25, No 01 (1993)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Kata Kunci: Kedokteran - Ekologi
Gadjah Mada stroke algorithm. Clinical strategy for distinguishing intracerebral haemorrhage from acute ischemic or infarction stroke Rusdi Lamsudin Rusdi Lamsudin
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 29, No 01 (1997)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

A Gadjah Mada Stroke Algorithm (GMSA) as a clinical strategy to distinguish intracerebral haemorrhage from acute ischaemic or infarction stroke after the onset of stroke has been developed and validated (internal validity) in 229 stroke patients. An observational-prospective study design was conducted to validate GMSA (external validity) from 350 acute stroke patients in Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta from 1st December 1992 to 30th June 1996. The scope of the study are as follows: (1) validity of multiple-parallel test against CT-Scan to define intracerebral haemorrhagic stroke diagnosis, (2) significance of correlation between 8 group-variables of GMSA and intracerebral haemorrhagic stroke diagnosis, and (3) the validity of every group-variable to define intracerebral haemorrhagic stroke. This study showed that the GMSA as a clinical strategy have a high validity (external validity) to distinguish intracerebral haemorrhagic stroke from acute ischaemic or infarction stroke.Key words : Gadjah Mada stroke algorithm - diagnostic test - intracerebral haemorrhagic stroke -acute ischaemic stroke - infarction stroke
The influence of endometriosis peritoneal fluid on the development of mouse embryo in in vitro pre-implantation O. Wahyu, Djaswadi Dasuki Hasto Wardoyo, Ita Fauziah
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 41, No 01 (2009)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Background: Endometriosis was associated with various immunologic changes detected both in the endometrial eutopic and blood edge sample. Some researchers reported that women with endometriosis have an increased amount of peritoneum fluid. Endometrial environment and peritoneal fluid diffusing to the ovarial tube may affect sperm-ovum interaction, initial phase of embryonic development and reduce endometrial receptability. The correlation between endometriosis and early in vitro embryonic development has been reported in some studies showing controversial results; therefore it is necessary to carry out researches to clarify the influence of endometriosis on the early embryonic development. Objective: to identify the influence of peritoneal fluid of infertile women with endometriosis and normal peritoneum fluid of fertile women on the development of mouse embryo in in-vitro pre-implantation. Methods: Prospective, randomized controlled trial subjects are 2 cells of the Swiss albino strain embryos super-ovulating procedure on mouse, 2 embryonic cells resulted from in-vivo fertilization were taken out and in-vitro culture was done with the exposure of 10% or 2.5% cell-free supernatant peritoneum fluid of infertile women with endometriosis and 10% or 2.5% cell-free supernatant peritoneum fluid of normal fertile women as the control. The blastocyst growth was observed in the 72 hour culture and hatching blastocyst culture in 96 hours. Results: An amount of 231 embryos of 2 cells was obtained. After 72 hours, there were 103 blastocyst cultures in both groups. Blastocyst development rate (BDR) culture with to endometriosis peritoneum fluid exposure was lower compared with the normal peritoneum fluid exposure (32.2% vs 56.9%, RR 0.5, 95% CI: 0.42-0.77). Hatching rate (HRI of blastocyst culture with endometriosis peritoneum fluid was lower than that of normal peritoneum fluid (35.1 % vs 92.4%, RR 0.38, 95%CI: 0.24-0.59). The exposure to 10% endometriosis peritoneum fluid lowered BDR significantly compared with the normal peritoneum fluid, 7.7% vs 43.9% (RR 0.18,95% CI: 0.07-0.42); while the exposure to 2.5 % BDR was significantly different, (64% vs 74%, RR 0.87,95% CI: 0.66-1.13). Exposure to 10% compared to 2.5% normal endometriosis peritoneum fluid showed significantly decreased BDR (p 0.05). There was a significant interaction between type of peritoneum fluid (endometriosis vs normal) and the concentration of peritoneum fluid (10% vs 2.5%1 in decreasing BDR (RR 0.17,95% CI: 0.04-0.65). Conclusion: Exposure to endometriosis peritoneum fluid lowered the blastocyst development rate and hatching rate as compared with that to normal peritoneum fluid on the development of the in- vitro mouse embryo model. Key words: embryonic development - peritoneum fluid - endometriosis
Peran Adrenoseptor B-Prasinaptik dalam Patofisiologi Hipertensi Ngatijan Ngatijan
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 20, No 02 (1988)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

The pathophysiological concept of hypertension is still in debate since many factors are involved in the development of the disease. Stress plays a role in the pathophysiology of hypertension through its effect on adrenaline secretion and sympathetic tone.In the development of adrenoceptor concept some studies showed that presynaptic P.adrenoceptors are of (32 subtype. Since the evidence for noradrenaline activating presynaptic 13-adrenoceptors is mostly negative, the question arises whether presynaptic 13-adrenoceptors have a physiological activator. Many studies showed that adrenaline is suggested to be the putative activator through its role as cotransmitter.Since there was correlation between stress; and the increase in the concentration of plasma adrenaline and blood pressure, it is suggested that presynaptic fl-adrenoceptor has an important role in the development of hypertension.Key Words: adrenaline — cotransrnitter — hypertension — presynaptic B— adrenoceptors — sympathetic transmission
Myasthenia Gravis : Laporan Kasus Budi Tjahyono S.B Budi Tjahyono S.B
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 9, No 03 (1977)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Keywords: myasthenia gravis, myoneural junction, penyakit otot

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