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Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 01261312     EISSN : 23563931     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.19106/JMedSci005303202101
Core Subject : Science,
Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience
Journal of the Medical Sciences (JMedSci) or Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran (BIK) is an international, open-access, and double-blind peer-reviewed journal, published by Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia. JMedSci aiming to communicate high-quality articles in the areas of biomedical science from basic to clinical sciences.The journal welcomes papers from original articles, case reports, reviews, and book reviews. All papers published in JMedSci are freely available as downloadable pdf files. The journal began its publication on March 1973 and published quarterly (January, April, July, and October). JMedSci is abstracted and indexed in DOAJ, Crossref, Google Scholar, Sinta, Indonesia One Search. JMedSci is accredited by Directorate of General Higher Education, the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Indonesia
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 2,170 Documents
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PERKEMBANGAN POPULASI MANUSIA DITINJAU DARI SUDUT BIOLOGI SOSIAL T. Jacob T. Jacob
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 8, No 03 (1976)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

kata kunci: populasi manusia- biologi sosial
Pattern of secondary sexual development of elementary school female students in Yogyakarta Municipality Anik Puryatni Anik Puryatni
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 34, No 04 (2002)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Background: Adolescence is a part of the growth cycle, characterized by significant changes in physical, cognitive and psychosocial aspects. Improvement in nutritional status and the influence of sexual hormons in the adolescent period cause an acceleration in maturation and the emerging of secondary sexual characteristics.Objective: To examine the beginning of secondary sexual development in female students of elementary school in Yogyakarta Municipality, and the correlation of nutritional status and secondary sexual development.Design: Cross sectional.Materials and methods: Subjects consist of 250 female students, through proportional population multi stage random sampling from all elementary school students in Yogyakarta. The age of menarche and the secondary sexual characteristics were determined using standardized questionaire. Nutritional status was determined based on z-score of body weight to age, body height to age, and body mass index (BMI). Results: The average age of the beginning of mammary enlargement was 11.35 years, and the start of pubic hair growth happened at 11.12 years of age. A larger proportion of the students (70.4%) had not experienced menarche yet, and the average age of menarche was 11.16 (± 0.95) years old. Most of the students had good nutritional status (88%) and normal body height (90%) based on the z-score, and can be categorized as normal based on the BMI (58%). Mammary growth was faster in students with better nutritional status based on body weight/age (p=0.0001), on body height/age (p =0.0002), and based on BMI (p=0.0005). The same result was observed on pubic hair growth of students with better nutritional status: p =0.043 based on body weight/age, and p =0.038 based on body height/age. The age of menarche of students with better nutritional status was younger (p =0.015) based on body weight/age, p=0.033 based on body height/age, and p<0.0001 based on BMI; 15.2% students had never received information concerning sexual development, the source of information mostly were parents, school-mates, books or magazines, and the role played by the teachers was still minimal.Conclusion: The average of mammary growth is 1135 years old, and the average age of pubic hair growth was 11.12 years old. And menarche nutritional status has positive influence on the secondarysexual development. Key words: female secondary sexual development, menarche, nutritional status
Forensic Odontoiogy as one of identification methods for unknown victim body Sara Afari Gadro Sara Afari Gadro
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 31, No 03 (1999)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Various etiologies, especially those are severe in quality, can result in an unidentified victim. In certain conditions, such as in a severe combusted, destructed or fragmented victim, or a skleton as the remmant of a victim forensic odontology has a very essentil role. The teeth are suitable identification materials due to their extreme individual characteristics and their resistance againts many destructing agents. The most important characteristics of the teeth to be used in forensic odontology are among others the anatomical structure, the occlusion, the eruption, the morphology, wear and tear. Antemortem data of the victim's teeth is imperative in applicating forensic odontology for victim identification at individual level. If no antemortem teeth data is available, postmortem reconstruction may direct the investigation eventhough not up to individual level. The establishment of dental record is, therefore, very important for people who have life threatehing risk.Key words : teeth - forensic odontology - unknown victim body - identification method - dental record
Physical aspects of a nuclear explosion Budi Santosa Budi Santosa
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 22, No 03 (1990)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

This article describes the principles of nuclear power, the nature of the atomic bomb and its impact on the environment, including the climate and the resulting nuclear winter.The author also points out the effects of nuclear radiation to the living organisms, both immediate and delayed. In conclusion he emphasizes the importance of immediate cessation of nuclear tests, in the atmosphere, on the surface, submarine as well as underground, because otherwise kis bound to increase radioactivityin the environ men t which endangers future generations, even in countries which are not involved in nuclear testing.Key Words: nuclear explosion-nuclear physics- nuclear winter -radioactive fall-out-medical effects of nuclear war
Correlation between plasma zinc (Zn) level and nutritional status of children under five years Dedy Koesnadi Dedy Koesnadi
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 27, No 02 (1995)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

The aim of this study is to determine Zn plasma level of under five year old children (age 12-48 months) in various nutritional status according to NCEIS - WHO (1983).There were 130 under-five-year old children involved in this study. The subjects were recruited from 10 Posyandu. Clinical data such as general health, weight/age (W/A), height/age (H/A), and clinical history as well as food behaviour were collected from Posyandu. Blood sampling for determination of Zn plasma level, total protein, albumin, hemoglobin, leucocyte count, hematocrit, IgM and IgG level were collected at Puskesmas.The food consumption consisted of 16 different kind of vegetables, 10 from animals, and 3 from fruits. The interviews were done by nutritionists from Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta. Zn plasma level determination was done by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS), Hitachi polarized. Blood examination was done at the Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Gadjah Mada University/Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta.The results of the study showed that the nutritional status of the children, age 12-48 months was as follows: According to W/A nutrient index 60.3% good, 35.6% moderate, 4.1% poor, and none was bad. According to H/A nutrient index 73.0% good, 19.1% moderate, 6.4% poor, and 1.5% bad. By w/h nutrient index 71.9% good, and 28,1% poor. According to Percentile Index those were lower than Percentile 3 are W/A 41.3%, H/A 57.7%, and W/H 15% between (3-5) percentile W/A 14.2%, H/A 7.1%, and W/H 12.9%, between (5-10) percentile W/A 19.0%, H/A 7.1%, and W/H 12.9%.The mean Zn plasma level was 43.4 (SD=30.4) mcg/dL, mean Zn consumption per day was 5.2 mg. According to the health indicator 1989 under-five-year old children with good nutrient status were 53.9%. By this study according to W/A index, 60.3% was good, H/A index, 73.0%, and by W/H index, 71.9% was good.There was an increasing correlation of coefficient, r in fail nutritional status categories (r=0.134) according to W/A, r = 0.197, according to H/A, and r = 1.000 according to H/W index in the poor category, but no correlation at all between good and moderate nutritional status categories.Key words : plasma zinc level - nutritional status category - children under five year - Zn dietary consumption.
Efficacy of ketamine gargle 40 mg and benzydamine HCl 0.075% in reducing post intubation sore throat Eko Bambang Subekti MuhdarAbubakar Djayanti Sari
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 44, No 02 (2012)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Sore throat is a frequent complication in postoperative patients under general anesthesia whichis performed with endotracheal tube intubation. This effect occurs because of mucosal irritationand damage and airways inflammation due to a lubricant gel on laryngoscopy or an emphasis ofendotracheal tube cuff. This study was conducted to compare the efficacy of ketamine 40 mggargle with benzydamine HCl 0.075% gargle in reducing post intubation of sore throat prior tothe insertion of endotracheal tube. A prospective randomized double blind controlled clinicaltrial enrolled patients aged 18-50 years with physical status of ASA I and II whounderwent elective surgery with general anesthesia in Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta.Subjects were divided into 2 groups. 50 patients of group A were given 30 mL ketamine gargle40 mg and 51 patients of group B were given 30mL benzydamine HCl gargle 0.075%. The sorethroat was measured whenever the patients were fully awake, 2 hours and 4 hours post-extubationwith Canbay score (no pain, mild pain, moderate pain and severe pain). There was a significantdifference (p<0.01) in sore throat incidence of both groups especially at fully awake and 2hours post-extubation; 20% in group A versus 66.7% in group B at fully awake and 16% ingroup A versus 58,8% in group B at 2 hours of post-extubation. However, there was not anysignificant difference in sore throat incidence of both groups at 4 hours post-extubation(p=0.394). In conclusion, giving ketamine gargle 40 mg 5 minutes before intubation is moreefficient in reducing sore throat after endotracheal tube-general anesthesia compared withbenzydamine HCl 0.075% at fully awake and 2 hours post-extubation.Keywords : endotracheal tube - sore throat - ketamine gargle - benzydamine HCl gargle
Cytogenetic examination Risanto Siswosudarmo Risanto Siswosudarmo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 13, No 02 (1981)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Cytogenetic examination on six normal persons, four men and two women, was carried out using a technique proposed by Dutrillaux with slight modification. Five drops of blood were taken from a peripheral vessel and was incubated on a PHA (phytohemarglutinine)-containing medium at 37°C for about 72 hours. Cell division was blocked by adding colchicine solution, an antimitotic agent, into this medium. A mixture of distilled water, magnesium chloride, hyaluronidase, and goat serum was used as hypotonic shock solution. Two out of these six examinations showed good results. The possibility of using this technique to examine some clinical syndromes, such as Down, Turner, and Klinefelter syndromes, as well as 13 and 18 trisomies, has also been discussed.Key Words: cytogenetics - chromosome - blood culture - colchicine - hypotonic shock solution
Kapsula akteri dan Fungsinya Koesnijo Koesnijo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 6, No 04 (1974)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

- Kapsula adalah alat pelindung bakteri terhadap pengaruh luar yang merugikan dirinya, dan berakibat bersifat virulen.- Bakteri dalam kapsula bersifat aktif dan dapat berkembang biak, sedangkan dengan spora bakteri bersifat pasif saja.- Bakteri yang semula dianggap apathogen, kemungkinan penyebabnya dapat dicari pada adanya kapsula.- Kapsula juga dapat menimbulkan pembagian dalam type-type dari suatu jenis bakteri.
Relation between -carotene and ferritin upon malondialdehyde in Javanese male smoker Naomi Yoshuantari Ahmad Hamim Sadewa Sunarti
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 43, No 01 (2011)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Smoking of cigarette can cause additional free radicals. Oxidative damage is resulted from the accumulation of freeradicals in the body. Malondialdehyde (MDA) is the end product of free radicals, a marker of oxidative damage. -carotene is pro-vitamin A, an antioxidant known to quench singlet oxygen. Ferritin is thought to release excessiveiron in smokers, thereby increasing the oxidative stress. The aim of the study is to evaluate the relation between -carotene and ferritin toward MDA level in Javanese smokers. This study was carried out in a case-control, crosssectional design nested with cluster sampling. Participants were Javanese smokers and non-smokers in Purworejodistrict, Central Java. Samples and data were obtained secondarily. The results were analyzed using independentsamples t-test and linear regression. The results showed that there was very weak negative correlation between -carotene with MDA (R square=0.013; p value=0.320) and very weak positive correlation between ferritin withMDA (R square=0.043; p value=0.067). There was no statistically significant relation of -carotene with MDA.Ferritin level was marginally influential upon MDA level as the marker of lipid peroxidation between smokers andnon-smokers. Aging apparently became the confounding variable by influencing the lipid peroxidation more efficientlythan smoking itself (p = 0.013). In conclusion, there was no significant relation between -carotene and ferritinwith MDA in smokers.Key words : smoking – cigarette – β-carotene – ferritin – malondialdehyde
Comparison of tracheal intubation conditions after 45 seconds, 60 seconds rocuronium and succinylcholine treatments in elective surgery Muhdar Abubakar Muhdar Abubakar
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 30, No 02 (1998)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

The tracheal intubating conditions of rocuronium and succinylcholine under balanced anasthesik with midazolam, fentanyl, penthotal, nitrous oxide, oxigen and halothane were studied in 38 patients undergoing elective surgery. Patients were given either 0.6 mg/kg rocuronium or 1 mg/kg succinylcholine intravenously. forty five seconds after the administralon of rocuronium, or 60 seconds after the administration of rocuronium or succinylcholine, the trachea was intubated and the intubating conditions were scored by blinded assessor'. Intubating conditions were the same between the rocuronium and succinylcholine group. (p = 0.18) The hemodynamic effect were the same among the three groups. The result showed that all patients with 0.6 mg/kg rocuronium could be Intubated within 45 seconds as well as 60 seconds; however, those intubated within 60 seconds were similar to those with 1 mg/kg sucdnylcholin.Key words: intubating conditions - rocuronium - succinylcholine - tracheal intubation - hemodynamic effect

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