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Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)
Core Subject : Science,
Journal of the Medical Sciences (JMedSci) or Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran (BIK) is an international, open-access, and double-blind peer-reviewed journal, published by Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia. JMedSci aiming to communicate high-quality articles in the areas of biomedical science from basic to clinical sciences.The journal welcomes papers from original articles, case reports, reviews, and book reviews. All papers published in JMedSci are freely available as downloadable pdf files. The journal began its publication on March 1973 and published quarterly (January, April, July, and October). JMedSci is abstracted and indexed in DOAJ, Crossref, Google Scholar, Sinta, Indonesia One Search. JMedSci is accredited by Directorate of General Higher Education, the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Indonesia
Articles 2,170 Documents
Mortality and morbidity patterns in measles cases admitted to the hospitals in Yogyakarta Djauhar Ismail Djauhar Ismail
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 29, No 02 (1997)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

The case fatality rate of measles cases admitted to the hospitals in Indonesia in the period of 1973 -1989 varied from as high as 26.1% in Medan to 2.4% in Bali, with an average of 10.9% in all hospitals. In Indonesia, according to the National Household Health Survey 1985 , the province of Yogyakarta had the lowest of infant mortality and was ranked high for the coverage of measles immunization and also the medical facilities in this are is relatively easy to acces. The purpose of this study was to obtain the case fatality rates and the clinical characteristics of measles cases admitted to the hospitals in the province of Yogyakarta in the period of 1984 to 1990, leading to a comparison with data from other hospitals in Indonesia. This study comprised, a retrospective study during the period of 1984 - 1987 involving 5 hospitals in Yogyakarta municipality, and a prospective study during the period of 1988 - 1990 carried out in 9 hospitals in the province of Yogyakarta. The results showed that the percentage of under-five children suffering from measles admitted to the hospitals in the period 1984 - 1987 was higher compared to under-five children hospitalized in the period of 1988 - 1990 (60% versus 36%). Therefore, it can be concluded that there was a shift in the distribution of measles cases to older children. This was probably due to the coverage of measles immunization in Yogyakarta which was higher as compared with other places. Since younger children were already protected by immunization, a relatively more older cases were found in Yogyakarta. The case fatality rate of 0.4% (2 out of 472 cases) during the period of 1984 -1987 and 0.8% (3 out of 386 cases) during the period of 1988-1990 in Yogyakarta were much lower as compared with the data reported from other hospitals in Indonesia. Several factors such as the general health condition of the province of Yogyakarta, as well as the frequency and types of complications of the diseases and the nutritional status of the measles patients may explain the different mortality of measles patients in Yogyakarta compared that in other places in Indonesia.Key words : measles - morbidity - mortality - case fatality rate - immunization
The Role of Cervical Erosion on Vaginal Colonization of Candida sp. Study on the Intrauterine Contraceptive Device Users in Puskesmas Depok I Sleman Erni Setyawati, Fajar Waskito Satiti Retno Pudjiati
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 41, No 02 (2009)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Background: Candida sp is an opportunistic pathogenic yeast causing clinical diseases such as vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) under certain circumstances. Availability of erythrocytes in the vagina, as in cervical erosion, creates an ideal niche for yeast possessing erythrocyte-binding surface receptors to enhance colonization of Candida sp. Objective: To compare the number of vaginal Candida sp colonies among IUD users with and without cervical erosion. Methods: It was a cross-sectional study involving 45 IUD users. Subjects were classified into cervical erosion group and without cervical erosion group, who underwent vaginal lavage to obtain vaginal fluid samples. Candida sp were grown by inoculating 0.1 ml of vaginal fluid samples into CEA culture media and incubated at 25°C-30°C for 48 hours. Candida sp would grow as round and smooth colonies in blackish-brown color. The numbers of colonies (cfu/ml) in each CEA disk were measured manually, and multiplicated with the factors of dilution. Data were numeric variables, and analyzed with Student's t-test. Results: Average number of Candida sp colonies in the group with cervical erosion was 154.25:t 102.61 cfulml, while that in the group without cervical erosion was 47.00:t 39.08 cfulml. Conclusion: Average number of Candida sp colonies in IUD users with cervical erosion was significantly higher than in IUD users without cervical erosion (p < 0.05). Key words: cervical erosion - Candida sp - VVC - yeast possessing erythrocyte-binding receptors -IUD
Mendelisme dalam Oftalmogenetika Hartono Hartono
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 20, No 04 (1988)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Mendelian disorders are genetic diseases caused by a mutant gene or a pair of mutant genes, either dominant or recessive, located in the autosomal or sex-chromosomes.The exact location of several genes in the chromosomes has been established by various rnethods. According to The Edinburgh Conference 1979 the location of 260 genes in the chromosomes has been identified.Based on the nature of the mutant genes (dominant or recessive) and the location of the mutant genes (in the autosomes or sex-chromosomes), Mendelian disorders may be transmitted by:a.autosomal dominant,b.autosomal recessive,c.X-linked dominant,d.X-linked recessive, ande. Y-linked mode of inheritance.Retinoblastoma, macular corneal dystrophies and color blindness are the examples of Mendelian disorders in ophthalmogenetics transmitted by autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive and X-linked recessive mode of inheritance respectively. In addition, a list of other Mendelian disorders affecting the eye have been presented.Key Words: Mendelian disorders - mutant genes - gene location - sex-linked mutant ophthalmogenetics
Penatalaksanaan perdarahan rudapaksa bilik-mata-depan Maryono Sumarmo Maryono Sumarmo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 10, No 01 (1978)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Keyword : perdarahan rudapaksa bilik mata depan
Study of medical report on justice examination result at Dr. Sardjito Hospital Beta Ahlam Gizela Beta Ahlam Gizela
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 36, No 2 (2004)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Background: Every human violation or crime case, in which there is human as a victim needs medical proofing, namely the Medical Report for justice or Visum et Repertum in Indonesia. We also have an obligation in keeping medical confidentiality in medical practice. It is therefore, necessary to study relevance regulation of examination and disclosing medical confidentiality for justice.Objectives: The purpose of this study is to analyse management of Visum et Repertum of life person at Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta.Methods: Visum et Repertum of life person at Medical Record Department of Sardjito Hospital was reviewed. The MEG protocol for examination and reporting from International Amnesty used as a standard. Results: The study shows that management of Visum et Repertum of life person at Sardjito Hospital was administratively inappropiate. There were some discrepancies between regulation and practice. There is no agreement between each doctors in managing cases. Generally, Visum et Repertum was accepted in content, but for the future an improvement is needed as International Amnesty.Conclusions: Management of life person cases for Visum et Repertum at Sardjito Hospital do not international standard.Key words: visum et repertum - living person - medical confidentiality - informed consent
Child sexual abuse: clinical and psychological perspectives Etty Indriati Etty Indriati
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 33, No 02 (2001)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

This article reviews the clinical and psychological effects of children who suffer sexual abuse. Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a forced sexual behavior toward a child, either from the opposite or same sex. The types of child sexual abuse include exhibitionism, vouyerism, kissing, fondling, fellatio and cunnilingus, sexual intercourse, and pornography. The psychological effects of child sexual abuse often last a long time, in the form of anger, anxiety, nightmares, insecure, confused, scared, sad, and behavioral change from good to bad. The clinical effects of child sexual abuse ranges from bleeding in the genital and anus, fissure on anus, enlargement of vaginal and anal openings, and thinning/damaged of the hymen in the vagina. The Indonesian law no. 290 mentions that sexual offender or perpetrator is to be jailed for at most 7 years. It is hoped this review can be used as a general reference for clinicians in obstetrics and gynecology as well as pediatrics, in diagnosing child sexual abuse. This diagnosis is important for helping the abused child to recover and as medical records for law enforcement.Keywords: child sexual abuse, clinical effects, psychological effects
Association ofIgpertension with diabetes mellitus Ahmad H. Asdie Ahmad H. Asdie
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 24, No 01 (1992)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

The clinical impression of association between hypertension and diabetes mellitus has not been consistently confirmed by epidemiological studies. The variety of methodological problems in this area of research includes the choice of appropriate patients and control group, the measurement techniques used, and consideration of many possible confounding variables.Hypertension in diabetes mellitus patients contributes substantially to the increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and should be actively treated as accurately as diabetes mellitus itself. The first therapeuticstep is reduction of overweight, saltintake, and stopsmoking; the omission of interfering drugs and adequate education. Prescription of diuretic drugs or alternatively of calcium antagonists, vasodilators of hydralazin or prazosin. The adds of minoxidil or cap topril to the previousdrugsshouldonlybe taken after evaluation of the overall situation. It should be kept in mind that all anti-hypertensive agents have disadvantages, some of them serious, when used for diabetic patients Key Words: diabetes mellitus - hypertension - cardiovascular mortality - anti-hypertensive treatment - overweight
Formazan ring method: a simple test for screening of glucoce-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) deficiency in the neonates Purnomo Suryantoro Purnomo Suryantoro
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 28, No 02 (1996)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, is an x-linked inherited disease which is responsible for episodic hemolytic anemia. The incidence correlates with the malarial epidemic in many area like Mediterranean, Africa and Asia including South East Asia.This paper reports a simple, cheap, traumatic, and reliable method screening test called formazan ring developed by Nishiyama. Among 145 new-born infants in this report the low enzyme activity was as high as 9(6.2%) Including 2(1.4%) G-6-PD deficiency.Key words: glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency - x-linked inherited disease - formazan ring test - neonatal screening
Diagnostic test of mammography in a palpable mass of the breast Rosalia Sri Sulistijawati Henry Kusumo Husodoputro Bambang Udji Djoko Rianto
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 40, No 02 (2008)
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Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in Indonesia after cervical cancer. The diagnosis of breast cancer is based on triple diagnostics, clinical diagnostic, mammograph, and fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB). Mammograph is a non-invasive radiologic imaging to demonstrate microcalcification as an early sign of breast cancer.Objective: The aim of this study was to measure the validity of mammograph in a palpable mass of the breast.Methods: Study design for this study was a diagnostic test that compared mammograph with histopatology result as the gold standard. Study was performed between March 2006 and September 2007 in Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta. There were 79 palpable masses of the breast that were included as the subjects of this study. They were mammographed and examined histopatologically. Descriptive analysis with McNemar non parametric test with 2x2 table was performed by a computer software program to calculate sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), positivelikelihood ratio (positive LR) and negative likelihood ratio (negative LR). .Results: Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, positive LR and negative LR of mammograph in diagnosing a breast palpable mass were 87.18%,87.50%,87.18%,87,50%,7, and 0.146, respectively Conclusion: Mammograph had a high validity in diagnosing breast palpable masses.Key words: breast palpable mass - mammograph - diagnostic test - validity.
Reduction of aspirin bioavailability by cimetidine R.H.Yudono R.H.Yudono
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 16, No 04 (1984)
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Abstract

The effect of cimetidine on the oral bioavailability of aspirin has been investigated in seven healthy adult volunteers. The estimation of bioavailability was performed by calculating the amount of the total salicylate recovered in the 72 hour urinary sample following an oral aspirin dose of 500 mg, first during control and second after pretreatment with oral cimetidine (RlUlcedin) 400 mg single dose given one hour prior to the administration of aspirin.The bioavailability of aspirin after cimetidine (36.5% ± SEM 4,2%) was significantly (paired. t-test, P

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