Garuda - Garba Rujukan Digital

Article Per Year (5 Year)

All

Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

bik
Website

Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 01261312 EISSN : 23563931 DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.19106/JMedSci005303202101

Core Subject : Science,

Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience

Journal of the Medical Sciences (JMedSci) or Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran (BIK) is an international, open-access, and double-blind peer-reviewed journal, published by Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia. JMedSci aiming to communicate high-quality articles in the areas of biomedical science from basic to clinical sciences.The journal welcomes papers from original articles, case reports, reviews, and book reviews. All papers published in JMedSci are freely available as downloadable pdf files. The journal began its publication on March 1973 and published quarterly (January, April, July, and October). JMedSci is abstracted and indexed in DOAJ, Crossref, Google Scholar, Sinta, Indonesia One Search. JMedSci is accredited by Directorate of General Higher Education, the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Indonesia

Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)

Articles 2,170 Documents

166 167 168 169 170

Risk of zidovudine-induced anemia on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection patients with different CD4 cell counts Anak Agung Ayu Niti Wedayani; Eti Nurwening Sholikhah; Erna Kristin; Erwin Astha Triyono
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 49, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Anemia is the most common hematologic abnormality in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. This abnormality is associated with HIV infection itself, HIV-related opportunities infections or drug use. Zidovudine (AZT) is the most common cause of anemia in HIV patients. Recent study showed anemia in HIV patients is also associated with CD4 cell counts. Aim of this study was to evaluate the risk of anemia on HIV patients with different CD4 cell counts after AZT-based antiretroviral therapy (ART).This retrospective cohort study was conducted using medical record of HIV patients in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya. Subjects who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria were divided into two group i.e. HIV patients with CD4 cell counts 200-350 cell/mm3 and those with CD4cell counts ≥350 cell/mm3. All available demographics, clinical and laboratory data of subjects before and after AZT-based ART were then recorded and evaluated. Ninety-seven HIV patients (50 male and 47 female) were involved in this study. The result showed that the anemia incidence significantly increased after AZT-based ART (p<0.05), however no significantly different in anemia incidence, mean Hb level reduction and Hb level time reduction were observed between HIV patients with CD4 cell counts 200-350 cell/mm3 and those with CD4cell counts ≥350 cell/mm3(p>0.05). Gender, age, weight and clinical stage were not associated with anemia incidence (p>0.05). In contrast, anemia incidence is associated with Hb level before AZT therapy (p<0.05). In conclusion, the anemia incidence in HIV patients after AZT based ART is not associated with the level of CD4 cell counts, however it is associated with Hb levels before AZT therapy.

Secondary acute myeloblastic leukemia after adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy in breast cancer: A case report Mardiah Suci Hardianti; Johan Kurnianda; Kartika Widayati Taroeno-Hariadi
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 46, No 03 (2014)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

A rising number of long-term survivors and potential long-term outcome related to the treatment isone of the most important issue due to the advances of management in cancer. The development ofsecondary malignancy has been reported in a number of cohorts. We present a case of breast cancerpatient developing acute myeloid leukemia (AML)- M5 within a relatively short interval of two and ahalf years from her primary treatment with adjuvant chemotherapy with 4 cycles of doxorubicin andcyclophosphamide, followed by 4 cycles of three weekly paclitaxel (AC-T) and radiotherapy. Whatcould be attributed to the occurrence of secondary leukemia in this patient will be discussed.

Physical comparison between Rampasasa Pygmy and Yogyakarta children of Indonesia Neni Trilusiana Rahmawati; Janatin Hastuti; Rusyad Adi Suriyanto
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 47, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

ABSTRACTIn growth studies, somatotyping allows one to characterize changes in physique during growth in order to monitor growth patterns and to better understand variations in adult physique. Information on the physique of children with short stature is limited In Indonesia the study of somatotype for Pygmy children had never been done. The aims of this study were to compare the physiques of Rampasasa Pygmy and Yogyakarta children and to evaluate factors that might lead to variability in physiques. The sample consisted of 61 Rampasasa Pygmy (32 boys and 29 girls) and 319 Javanese children in Yogyakarta (173 boys and 146 girls) aged 8–13 years. Height, weight, biepicondylar breadths of the humerus and femur, calf and upper arm circumferences, and skinfolds (at triceps, subscapula, calf, and supraspine) were measured on each subject. We used somatotyped by the Heath-Carter method. The results showed that the Pygmy children were shorter, lighter, and less endomorphic than the Yogyakarta children. Our findings suggest that the observed differences between Rampasasa Pygmy and Yogyakarta children could be related mainly to environment background in the two areas.

Bacterionomics and vironomics in carcinogenesis Pratiwi Sudarmono
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 48, No 4 (2016): SUPPLEMENT
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Virus and bacteria are microbes which are very common cause human infection. Most of the bacterial infection can be eradicated by antibiotics and infection symptoms disappear. But for virus infection, once infected, the virus will persistently stay in the host, even undergo not only a lytic cycle but also integrated into host genome. Nowadays, at least 6 virus type are consistently related to human cancer, such as EBV,HPV,HTLV,HBV,HCV,HKSV, and the new one Merkel Virus (MCV). Although not every infected people will get cancer, but around 20% of the whole cancer in human are caused by viral oncogene.Class one oncogenic bacterial is Helicobacter pylori. Infection with this bacteria can cause persistent gastro duodenal inflammation which cause some alteration in gastric cell growth into transformation. Expression of Cag gene and Vac gene and some expression of OMP protein usually link to gastric cancer.Molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis for every virus which cause infection is a very complex , which include several processes caused by cell transformation. Besides, other host and environmental factors are also play a significant role in cancer development. Some scientist put a Hallmark analysis as a model to quickly summarize what pathobiology process will happen and what gene or protein caused the process. The Hallmark analysis comprise of several process which may happen simultaneously because some of the Hallmark is caused by the same protein. The Hallmark consists of various virus strategies in oncogenesis such as promoting angiogenesis, avoiding immune destruction, genome instability and mutation, deregulating cellular energetic, resisting cell death, sustaining proliferative signaling, evading growth suppressors, enabling cellular immortality, promoting inflammation and activation metastasis. For example, infection by HPV, will cause low grade dysplasia which can continue to invasive cervical cancer. After host cell transformation, in the long control region genes, E6 and E7 protein will cause several strategies in oncogenesis including resisting cell death and evading growth suppressors. HBV infection will end without any serious liver damage, but after cell transformation, almost all Hallmark strategies of viral oncogenesis are happening step by step in line with the severity of liver cell damage.As the onset of cancer development after infection can last years, there are an opportunity to design either vaccine or genetic therapy to minimalize further risk of cancer in human

Indonesian medicinal plants as sources of secondary metabolites for pharmaceutical industry Eti Nurwening Sholikhah
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 48, No 4 (2016)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Medicinal plants are widely used in traditional medicine in both underdeveloped anddeveloping countries in the word until now. Some secondary metabolites isolated frommedicinal plants have been developed as modern drugs. New antimalarial artemisinin isan example of modern medicine that developed from Artemisia annua L, a plant usedin China since 4,000 years ago. Indonesia is endowed with a rich natural resource.The biodiversity comprises thousands plant species. Therefore, Indonesian flora andfauna are a remarkable opportunity for the development of secondary metabolites forpharmaceutical industry. The Indonesian National Agency for Drug and Food Control,Republic of Indonesia (Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan, Republik Indonesia = BPOMRI) classifies traditional medicine into three classes, namely jamu (Indonesian indigenoustraditional medicine), standardized herbal medicine and phytopharmaca based on itsscientific evidences. The BPOM also determined 9 medicinal plants for focusing researchfor drug development. This paper discusses some secondary metabolites and theirpharmacological activities of the following 9 selected Indonesian medicinal plants namelyPiper retrofractum Vahl, Andrographis paniculata Ness, Curcuma xanthorrhiza, Psidiumguajava L, Syzigium polyanthi, Morinda citrifolia, Guazuma ulmifolia Lamk, Zingiberofficinale, and Curcuma domestica collected from various publications. Furthermore,several modern drugs derived from medicinal plants are also discussed.

The relationship between soldier’s body readiness level and the anxiousness tendency of students in the flyer academy of the Indonesian Air Force Army Adisutjipto Airbase Yogyakarta . Wahyudi; Cecep Sugeng Kristanto; Sumarni DW
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 45, No 03 (2013)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Training the Indonesian Air Force flyers takes a lot of time and fund. The cramped trainingschedule, demand of discipline and achievement, and intense stress from the fear of dying fromplane accidents give the flyer students an even bigger stress that could potentially lead toanxiousness. In the selection of flyer candidates in the field, the most important aspect to benoticed is the body readiness of the candidates, whereas the mental health is frequently leftunchecked. There was a case in a training session where a flyer student experienced a badmental and academic achievement that, after being traced, resulted from poor mental healthtest, although the military body readiness test was good. It left the country with a loss fromhaving to discharge the student. The aim of this study was to identify the relationship betweenthe military body readiness level and the anxiousness tendency of a flyer apprentice. This was anobservational study with cross-sectional design. The research subjects was the flyer students ofthe Indonesian National Air Force Army in Adisutjipto Airbase Yogyakarta. The sample was takenfrom all of the subjects which fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The measurement ofthe anxiousness used the TMAS (Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale), whereas the military bodyreadiness value was taken directly in the field test. Moreover, psychological stress was alsomeasured using Instrument of Psychosocial Stressor Assessment (IPSP). The results were analyzedusing Chi-Square test and multiple regression analysis. It was found that there was no significantlyrelationship between the military body readiness value and the anxiousness tendency of theflyer student in the flyer academy of the Indonesian National Air Force Army in AdisutjiptoAirbase Yogyakarta (p>0,05). The psychological stress factor has a role in creating the anxiousnesstendency of the flyer students.

The effect of hemofilter, preoperative and intraoperative methylprednisolone on complications after open heart surgery . Supomo; Teguh Aryandono; Marsetyawan Soesatyo; Paulus Sudiharto
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 49, No 4 (2017)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Complications after open heart surgery may threaten patient’s survival rate. Theintraoperative methylprednisolone administration alone shows controversial resultson open heart surgery complications. Similarly, the intraoperative and preoperativemethylprednisolone administration as well as the use of hemofilter in open heart surgeryis still controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of hemofilter, preoperativeand intraoperative methylprednisolone administration on complications following openheart surgery. This was a Prospective Randomized Open-Blinded Evaluation (PROBE)experimental study. Ninety-five patients who had open heart surgery in Dr. SardjitoGeneral Hospital, Yogyakarta, and Integrated Cardiac Care of Dr. Cipto MangunkusumoGeneral Hospital, Jakarta within the period of December 2011 to May 2012 wereinvolved in this study. The patients were divided into two groups i.e. group A, 48 patientsreceived methylprednisolone 15mg/kg intraoperatively, methylprednisolone 5mg/kgpreoperatively, and hemofilter, while group B, 47 patients received methylprednisolone15mg/kg intraoperatively alone. From the total 95 patients, we found 26 (27.4%)patients experienced complications i.e. 19 in group B (40.4%) and 7 in group A(14.6%). The differences of the complications were statistically significant (p<0.05;OR=3.97; 95%CI=1.476-10.71). Complications risk decreased by 63.9% in the groupA compared to the group B with the hazard ratio of 3.2. In conclusion, the application ofhemofilter, preoperative and intraoperative methylprednisolone might decrease the risk ofcomplications after open heart surgery.

Optogenetics, A Futuristic Panacea in Genetics Dito Anurogo; Taruna Ikrar
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 48, No 4 (2016): SUPPLEMENT
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

AbstractOptogenetics is the constellation of optics, genetics and bioengineering which unites genetic engineering with optics to notice and manage the function of genetically targeted groups of cells with light, often in the intact animal, via light-sensitive microbial membrane proteins (opsins). Light-sensitive genes specifically including the genetically targeted light-gated channels channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) and halorhodopsin (NpHR) result in intracellular ion flow during optical illumination. Afterward, the neurons encounter a series of changes resulting from membrane depolarization or hyperpolarization. Although the rooted origins of optogenetics is from neuroscience, it can be potentially applied in neuropsychocardioncology (neurology, psychiatry, oncology, and cardiology).This critical review will explicate a comprehensive summary of the roles of optogenetics in the field of neuropsychocardioncology.Optogenetics can be potentially developed as neuroprosthetics and direct NpHR in the management of spastic movement disorders. Optogenetics can control of larynx muscle contraction in vivo, using both transgenic ChR2 expressing mice and viral transduction of muscle.In epilepsy, the efficacy of optogenetics is proved. Pyramidal cells in the cortex were transduced with halorhodopsin, and photoinhibition of the neurons decreased electrical seizure activity. Optogenetic and DREADD technologies are in their early stages, particularly with respect to PD research or therapy.In autism and schizophrenia, behavioral deficits may arise from elevation in the cellular balance of excitation/inhibition (E/I balance) within neuronal microcircuits. This hypothesis was tested by optogenetically elevating the E/I balance in the medial-prefrontal cortex using a step-function opsin (SSFO), together with red-shifted opsins (C1V1). Increased excitation in excitatory pyramidal neurons, lead to social-cognitive dysfunctioning which are similar to those seen in autism. Cortical gamma oscillations are an indicator of enhanced information processing, which is highly affected in schizophrenic patients.Using optogenetic technology, researchers divulge the characterization of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) in Rac1-dependent lamellipodial motility in PC-3 prostate cancer cells. PI3K, acting downstream of Rac1, has an important role in the initiation of lamellipodial extension, which underlies prostate cancer cell invasion and metastasis. As in Parkinson, human cells can be engineered to deliver the excitatory (hM3Dq receptor) and/or the inhibitory (hM4Di receptor) form so that cellular activity may be turned up or down.The optogenetic TCU (tandem-cell-unit) strategy can be valuable in appraising tissue graft integration and cell delivery in the myocardium during cardiac tissue repair procedures. Low-energy pacing strategies can be srutinized by optogenetic investigations. Specifically, optical stimulation can be aimed for strategic structures of the conduction system. Optogenetic studies have already contributed to a better understanding of the neural circuits affected in many disorders. A conceptual and mutual understanding of multidisciplinary approaches and collaboration will enable researchers, clinicians, stakeholders, government develop and apply optogenetics in comprehensive medical services and health care.Keywords: optogenetics, opsins, neuropsychocardioncology, SSFO, DREADD, TCU.

The effects of lactobacillus acidophilus on clinical improvement of common cold in children Eka Sari Astuti; . Sumadiono; Amalia Setyati
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 45, No 01 (2013)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Children contract an average of approximately six colds each year and irrational antibiotic has been prescribed to 60% of cases that potentially cause antibiotic resistency. Some studies in humans have shown that probiotic are effective in reducing the severity of common cold symptoms. The mechanisms of probiotic are attributed to an increase of the innate and acquired immune response. The aim of our study was to investigate whether the consumption of Lactobacillus acidophilus R0052 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011 in dosage of 0.1 x 109 CFU and 1.9 x 109 CFU per day during 7 days influences the severity of symptoms of the common cold in children. This study can be described as a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. 100 children who developed symptoms of the common cold within 24-48 hours before enrollment were included in the study. Patients in the probiotic group (n=50) received probiotic capsules containing 0.1x109 of Lactobacillus acidophilus and 1.9x109 Lactobacillus rhamnosus every day for 7 days. Patients in the placebo group (n=50) received similarly administered capsules that contained Saccharum lactis. Subjective daily symptom scores for cough symptoms, nasal symptoms, pharyngeal symptoms and systemic symptoms were used as main outcome measures. The daily mean symptom score during an episode was not significantly different in the probiotic-treated group than in the control group (p>0.05). There was also a nonsignificant relative risk reduction in the number of improvement from severity symptoms score of common cold in both of groups (unadjusted absolute % reduction 0, P=1). There was no report of adverse events in the probiotic and plasebo group. In conclusion, Lactobacillus acidophilus R005 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011 in the form and dosage studied do not significantly reduce the severity of symptoms of the common cold.

Pulmonary artery vegetation in a pediatric patient with ventricular septal defect: a case report Haryo Aribowo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 49, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Infective endocarditis (IE) is one of the congenital heart disease complications which is frequently seen in ventricular septal defects (VSD). The Duke criteria are the diagnostic criteria for IE. One of the major criteria is evidence of vegetation. In VSD complicated with IE, vegetation is frequently found on the opening of the defect, on the right ventricular side of the opening, on the tricuspid valve, and less frequently it is found on the pulmonary valve. Vegetation found in the lumen of pulmonary artery is rarely reported.Case report: A 6 years old boy was consulted with congenital heart disease. His chief complaint was shortness of breath. He came with unspecific signs and symptoms with a history of frequent hospitalization due to pneumonia and paleness. Chest X-ray showed enlargement of heart chambers. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) revealed moderate size VSD and multiple vegetation on right ventricle outflow tract, pulmonary artery valve, and inside the lumen of main pulmonary artery and right pulmonary artery. The blood culture showed a positive result for S. viridans. He was treated with parenteral antibiotic and operated on later. We successfully performed evacuation of the vegetation and VSD closure.Conclusion: We reported a rare case of pulmonary artery vegetation in a boy with moderate VSD that we treated with combination of parenteral antibiotic followed by successful surgical vegetation evacuation and VSD closure.ABSTRAKPembukaan: Endokarditis infektif merupakan salah satu komplikasi penyakit jantung bawaan yang sering menyertai defek septum ventrikel (VSD). Kriteria Duke merupakan kriteria diagnosis untuk endokarditis infektif. Salah satu kriteria mayor nya adalah bukti adanya vegetasi. Pada VSD dengan komplikasi endokarditis infektif, vegetasi sering ditemukan pada pembukaan dari defek, pada ventrikel kanan, pada katup trikuspid, dan yang paling jarang pada katup pulmonalis. Vegetasi pada arteri pulmonalis jarang dilaporkan.Laporan kasus: Anak laki-laki berusia 6 tahun dikonsultasikan dengan penyakit jantung bawaan. Keluhan utamanya adalah sesak nafas. Pasien datang dengan tanda dan gejala yang tidak khas dengan riwayat rawat inap berulang karena pneumonia dan pucat. X-ray dada menunjukkan pembesaran ruangan-ruangan jantung. Transthoracic echocardiography menunjukkan VSD berukuran sedang dan vegetasi multiple pada right ventricle outflow track, katup pulmonalis, dan didalam lumen arteri pulmonalis komunis dan arteri pulmonalis kanan. Kultur darah positif untuk S. viridans. Pasien menerima antibiotik parenteral dan menjalani pembedahan setelahnya. Kami berhasil melakukan evakuasi vegetasi dan penutupan VSD.Kesimpulan: Kami melaporkan kasus vegetasi arteri pulmonal pada anak laki-laki dengan VSD sedang yang kami terapi dengan kombinasi antibiotik parenteral diikuti dengan pembedahan evakuasi vegetasi dan penutupan VSD.Keywords: pulmonary artery; vegetation; ventricular septal defect; infective endocarditis; surgery

Page 168 of 217 | Total Record : 2170

166 167 168 169 170

Filter by Year

1973 2023

Filter By Issues

All Issue Vol 55, No 4 (2023) Vol 55, No 3 (2023) Vol 55, No 2 (2023) Vol 55, No 1 (2023) Vol 54, No 4 (2022) Vol 54, No 3 (2022) Vol 54, No 2 (2022) Vol 54, No 1 (2022) Vol 53, No 4 (2021) Vol 53, No 3 (2021) Vol 53, No 2 (2021) Vol 53, No 1 (2021) Vol 52, No 3 (2020): Special Issue: COVID-19 Vol 52, No 4 (2020) Vol 52, No 3 (2020) Vol 52, No 2 (2020) Vol 52, No 1 (2020) Vol 51, No 4 (2019) Vol 51, No 3 (2019) Vol 51, No 2 (2019) Vol 51, No 1 (2019) Vol 50, No 4 (2018) Vol 50, No 3 (2018) Vol 50, No 2 (2018) Vol 50, No 1 (2018): SUPPLEMENT Vol 50, No 1 (2018) Vol 49, No 4 (2017) Vol 49, No 3 (2017) Vol 49, No 2 (2017) Vol 49, No 1 (2017) Vol 48, No 4 (2016): SUPPLEMENT Vol 48, No 4 (2016) Vol 48, No 3 (2016) Vol 48, No 2 (2016) Vol 48, No 1 (2016) Vol 47, No 01 (2015) Vol 47, No 4 (2015) Vol 47, No 3 (2015) Vol 47, No 2 (2015) Vol 46, No 04 (2014) Vol 46, No 04 (2014) Vol 46, No 03 (2014) Vol 46, No 03 (2014) Vol 46, No 02 (2014) Vol 46, No 02 (2014) Vol 46, No 01 (2014) Vol 46, No 01 (2014) Vol 45, No 04 (2013) Vol 45, No 04 (2013) Vol 45, No 03 (2013) Vol 45, No 03 (2013) Vol 45, No 02 (2013) Vol 45, No 02 (2013) Vol 45, No 01 (2013) Vol 45, No 01 (2013) Vol 44, No 02 (2012) Vol 44, No 02 (2012) Vol 44, No 01 (2012) Vol 44, No 01 (2012) Vol 43, No 02 (2011) Vol 43, No 02 (2011) Vol 43, No 01 (2011) Vol 43, No 01 (2011) Vol 42, No 01 (2010) Vol 42, No 01 (2010) Vol 41, No 04 (2009) Vol 41, No 04 (2009) Vol 41, No 03 (2009) Vol 41, No 03 (2009) Vol 41, No 02 (2009) Vol 41, No 02 (2009) Vol 41, No 01 (2009) Vol 41, No 01 (2009) Vol 40, No 04 (2008) Vol 40, No 04 (2008) Vol 40, No 03 (2008) Vol 40, No 03 (2008) Vol 40, No 02 (2008) Vol 40, No 02 (2008) Vol 40, No 01 (2008) Vol 40, No 01 (2008) Vol 39, No 04 (2007) Vol 39, No 04 (2007) Vol 39, No 03 (2007) Vol 39, No 03 (2007) Vol 39, No 02 (2007) Vol 39, No 02 (2007) Vol 39, No 01 (2007) Vol 39, No 01 (2007) Vol 38, No 04 (2006) Vol 38, No 01 (2006) Vol 37, No 04 (2005) Vol 37, No 04 (2005) Vol 37, No 03 (2005) Vol 37, No 03 (2005) Vol 37, No 02 (2005) Vol 37, No 02 (2005) Vol 37, No 01 (2005) Vol 37, No 01 (2005) Vol 36, No 4 (2004) Vol 36, No 4 (2004) Vol 36, No 3 (2004) Vol 36, No 3 (2004) Vol 36, No 2 (2004) Vol 36, No 2 (2004) Vol 36, No 1 (2004) Vol 36, No 1 (2004) Vol 35, No 4 (2003) Vol 35, No 4 (2003) Vol 35, No 3 (2003) Vol 35, No 3 (2003) Vol 35, No 2 (2003) Vol 35, No 2 (2003) Vol 34, No 04 (2002) Vol 34, No 04 (2002) Vol 34, No 03 (2002) Vol 34, No 03 (2002) Vol 34, No 02 (2002) Vol 34, No 02 (2002) Vol 34, No 01 (2002) Vol 34, No 01 (2002) Vol 33, No 04 (2001) Vol 33, No 04 (2001) Vol 33, No 03 (2001) Vol 33, No 03 (2001) Vol 33, No 02 (2001) Vol 33, No 02 (2001) Vol 31, No 04 (1999) Vol 31, No 04 (1999) Vol 31, No 03 (1999) Vol 31, No 03 (1999) Vol 31, No 02 (1999) Vol 31, No 02 (1999) Vol 31, No 01 (1999) Vol 31, No 01 (1999) Vol 30, No 03 (1998) Vol 30, No 03 (1998) Vol 30, No 02 (1998) Vol 30, No 02 (1998) Vol 30, No 01 (1998) Vol 30, No 01 (1998) Vol 29, No 04 (1997) Vol 29, No 04 (1997) Vol 29, No 03 (1997) Vol 29, No 03 (1997) Vol 29, No 02 (1997) Vol 29, No 02 (1997) Vol 29, No 01 (1997) Vol 29, No 01 (1997) Vol 28, No 04 (1996) Vol 28, No 04 (1996) Vol 28, No 03 (1996) Vol 28, No 03 (1996) Vol 28, No 02 (1996) Vol 28, No 02 (1996) Vol 28, No 01 (1996) Vol 28, No 01 (1996) Vol 27, No 04 (1995) Vol 27, No 04 (1995) Vol 27, No 03 (1995) Vol 27, No 03 (1995) Vol 27, No 02 (1995) Vol 27, No 02 (1995) Vol 27, No 01 (1995) Vol 27, No 01 (1995) Vol 26, No 03 (1994) Vol 26, No 03 (1994) Vol 26, No 02 (1994) Vol 26, No 02 (1994) Vol 26, No 01 (1994) Vol 26, No 01 (1994) Vol 25, No 04 (1993) Vol 25, No 04 (1993) Vol 25, No 03 (1993) Vol 25, No 03 (1993) Vol 25, No 02 (1993) Vol 25, No 02 (1993) Vol 25, No 01 (1993) Vol 25, No 01 (1993) Vol 24, No 04 (1992) Vol 24, No 04 (1992) Vol 24, No 03 (1992) Vol 24, No 03 (1992) Vol 24, No 02 (1992) Vol 24, No 02 (1992) Vol 24, No 01 (1992) Vol 24, No 01 (1992) Vol 23, No 04 (1991) Vol 23, No 04 (1991) Vol 23, No 03 (1991) Vol 23, No 03 (1991) Vol 23, No 02 (1991) Vol 23, No 02 (1991) Vol 23, No 01 (1991) Vol 23, No 01 (1991) Vol 22, No 04 (1990) Vol 22, No 04 (1990) Vol 22, No 03 (1990) Vol 22, No 03 (1990) Vol 22, No 02 (1990) Vol 22, No 02 (1990) Vol 22, No 01 (1990) Vol 22, No 01 (1990) Vol 21, No 04 (1989) Vol 21, No 04 (1989) Vol 21, No 03 (1989) Vol 21, No 03 (1989) Vol 21, No 02 (1989) Vol 21, No 02 (1989) Vol 21, No 01 (1989) Vol 21, No 01 (1989) Vol 20, No 04 (1988) Vol 20, No 04 (1988) Vol 20, No 03 (1988) Vol 20, No 03 (1988) Vol 20, No 02 (1988) Vol 20, No 02 (1988) Vol 20, No 01 (1988) Vol 20, No 01 (1988) Vol 19, No 04 (1987) Vol 19, No 04 (1987) Vol 19, No 03 (1987) Vol 19, No 03 (1987) Vol 19, No 02 (1987) Vol 19, No 02 (1987) Vol 19, No 01 (1987) Vol 19, No 01 (1987) Vol 18, No 04 (1986) Vol 18, No 04 (1986) Vol 18, No 03 (1986) Vol 18, No 03 (1986) Vol 18, No 02 (1986) Vol 18, No 02 (1986) Vol 18, No 01 (1986) Vol 18, No 01 (1986) Vol 17, No 03 (1985) Vol 17, No 03 (1985) Vol 17, No 02 (1985) Vol 17, No 02 (1985) Vol 17, No 01 (1985) Vol 17, No 01 (1985) Vol 16, No 04 (1984) Vol 16, No 04 (1984) Vol 16, No 02 (1984) Vol 16, No 02 (1984) Vol 16, No 01 (1984) Vol 16, No 01 (1984) Vol 15, No 03 (1983) Vol 15, No 03 (1983) Vol 15, No 02 (1983) Vol 15, No 02 (1983) Vol 13, No 04 (1981) Vol 13, No 04 (1981) Vol 13, No 03 (1981) Vol 13, No 03 (1981) Vol 13, No 02 (1981) Vol 13, No 02 (1981) Vol 13, No 01 (1981) Vol 13, No 01 (1981) Vol 12, No 04 (1980) Vol 12, No 04 (1980) Vol 12, No 03 (1980) Vol 12, No 03 (1980) Vol 12, No 02 (1980) Vol 12, No 02 (1980) Vol 12, No 01 (1980) Vol 12, No 01 (1980) Vol 10, No 04 (1978) Vol 10, No 04 (1978) Vol 10, No 03 (1978) Vol 10, No 03 (1978) Vol 10, No 02 (1978) Vol 10, No 02 (1978) Vol 10, No 01 (1978) Vol 10, No 01 (1978) Vol 9, No 04 (1977) Vol 9, No 04 (1977) Vol 9, No 03 (1977) Vol 9, No 03 (1977) Vol 9, No 02 (1977) Vol 9, No 02 (1977) Vol 9, No 01 (1977) Vol 9, No 01 (1977) Vol 8, No 04 (1976) Vol 8, No 04 (1976) Vol 8, No 03 (1976) Vol 8, No 03 (1976) Vol 8, No 02 (1976) Vol 8, No 02 (1976) Vol 8, No 01 (1976) Vol 8, No 01 (1976) Vol 7, No 04 (1975) Vol 7, No 04 (1975) Vol 7, No 03 (1975) Vol 7, No 03 (1975) Vol 7, No 02 (1975) Vol 7, No 02 (1975) Vol 7, No 01 (1975) Vol 7, No 01 (1975) Vol 6, No 04 (1974) Vol 6, No 04 (1974) Vol 6, No 03 (1974) Vol 6, No 03 (1974) Vol 6, No 02 (1974) Vol 6, No 02 (1974) Vol 6, No 01 (1974) Vol 6, No 01 (1974) Vol 5, No 04 (1973) Vol 5, No 04 (1973) Vol 5, No 03 (1973) Vol 5, No 03 (1973) Vol 5, No 02 (1973) Vol 5, No 02 (1973) Vol 5, No 01 (1973) Vol 5, No 01 (1973) More Issue

Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name
Nurhadiyahya

Contact Email
nurhadiyahya@ugm.ac.id

Phone
+6289672800034

Journal Mail Official
jmedscie@ugm.ac.id

Editorial Address
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bik/about/editorialTeam

Location
Kab. sleman,

Daerah istimewa yogyakarta

INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name Nurhadiyahya

Contact Email nurhadiyahya@ugm.ac.id

Phone +6289672800034

Journal Mail Official jmedscie@ugm.ac.id

Editorial Address https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bik/about/editorialTeam

Location Kab. sleman, Daerah istimewa yogyakarta INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Contact Name
Nurhadiyahya

Contact Email
nurhadiyahya@ugm.ac.id

Phone
+6289672800034

Journal Mail Official
jmedscie@ugm.ac.id

Editorial Address
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bik/about/editorialTeam

Location
Kab. sleman,

Daerah istimewa yogyakarta

INDONESIA