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Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 01261312 EISSN : 23563931 DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.19106/JMedSci005303202101

Core Subject : Science,

Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience

Journal of the Medical Sciences (JMedSci) or Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran (BIK) is an international, open-access, and double-blind peer-reviewed journal, published by Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia. JMedSci aiming to communicate high-quality articles in the areas of biomedical science from basic to clinical sciences.The journal welcomes papers from original articles, case reports, reviews, and book reviews. All papers published in JMedSci are freely available as downloadable pdf files. The journal began its publication on March 1973 and published quarterly (January, April, July, and October). JMedSci is abstracted and indexed in DOAJ, Crossref, Google Scholar, Sinta, Indonesia One Search. JMedSci is accredited by Directorate of General Higher Education, the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Indonesia

Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)

Articles 2,170 Documents

165 166 167 168 169

The effects of duration of mesenteric artery ligation to the ratio of TNF-α/IL-10 in a rat model of acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) Adeodatus Yuda Handaya; Vicky S. Budipramana
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 49, No 4 (2017)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

The mortality rate of acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) is high due to the delay in diagnosis.Determination of potent biomarker for early AMI is the key in reducing the mortality. As aproinflammatory cytokine, the level of TNF-α might be affected during the ischemia andreperfusion, with the prediction duration of 60-120 min. High TNF-α level may stimulatethe upregulation of IL-10 as an inhibitor of TNF-α. This provides a new opportunity forearly diagnosis of AMI by measuring the ratio between those two cytokines. The purposeof this study was to investigate the effect of duration of the mesenteric artery to theratio of TNF-α/IL-10 in a AMI rat model. This was an experimental study using Wistarrat. We performed mesenteric artery in 28 male rats to produce an AMI model, withligation duration of 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. At the end of ligation,blood samples were taken for measurement of TNF-α and IL-10 level using ELISA. For themicroscopic examination of tissue necrosis, intestinal organ samples were taken and madeinto paraffin blocks and stained using Haematoxylin-Eosin. TNF-α increased in minute 120compared to other treatment groups (p<0.05). IL-10 increased in minute 180 comparedto control group (p<0.05). Microscopic examination showed that the duration of ligationaffects the structure and morphology of intestinal mucosa characterized by discolorationof organs along with increasing the ligation duration. Ligation of the superior mesentericartery was found to be significantly increased the TNF-α level and to be compensated byincreasing IL-10. It is assumed that when the IL-10 level, that has protective effect as aninhibitor, higher than TNF-α level as a proinflammatory cytokine on duration 150 minutes,it means no more inflammatory or cells is dead. Therefore TNF-α/IL-10 ratio can be usedas a biomarker candidate of prognosic factor management of AMI.

The role of transporters on drug therapy . Ngatidjan
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 47, No 01 (2015)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

ABSTRACTPharmacodynamical studies showed that most drugs elicit their effects by acting on 3 kinds of protein molecules known as receptors, enzymes or transporters. Although their detail properties had not been explained for decades the roles of transporters in drug kinetics and dynamics has been well understood, even have been applied in the therapy. Transporters are classified into 2 major classes, the solute carriers (SLC) and ATP-binding cassette (ABC) families. SLC transporters do not possess ATP binding site property as those of ABC transporters. SLC transporters consist of 3 SLC subfamilies i.e. organic cation transporters (OCTs), organic anion transporters (OATs) and organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs). In contrast, ABC transporters require ATP hydrolysis to transport substrate across cell membrane. Human ABC-transporters consist of ABCA1- 13, ABCB1-11, ABCC1-12, ABCD1-4, ABCE1, ABCF1-3 and ABCG1-8 subfamily. Although the originally funtion of transporter is to transport specific physiological substrate such as nutrient, hormone, cytokines, neurotransmitters and other physiological subtances across cell membrane the specificity is not restricted to each substrate. Drugs and other xenobiotics which have structural similarity to the physiological substrates are recognized and transported by the related transporters. The competition of them on transporters therefore may lead to the occurence of drug-drug interactions (DDI) or drugphysiological substrate interaction in the drug-kinetics phase. Many transporters located in the liver, intestinal and renal epithelial cell membranes involve in the transport of endogenous substance or xenobiotics including drugs play important roles as protective barrier. Since transporters also serve as the targets of drug action it is understood that transporters play important role in the pathogenesis of diseases as well as in the drug therapy of diseases.

Effectiveness of Pyridoxin in Reducing Symptoms of Anxiety Pre Menstrual Syndrome in Adolescent Siti Nurunniyah; Eva Nurinda
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 50, No 1 (2018): SUPPLEMENT
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Pre Menstrual Syndrome (PMS) affects women’s quality of life, social and economic performance. The other study discovered that 23- 31 % of reproductive aged women experience PMS to a degree that affects their daily acivity Symptoms of Pre Menstrual Syndrome (PMS) are divided into 4 types, namely type A for Anxiety (Anxiety), type C for Craving (Hungry), type D for Depression and Type H for Hyperhydration (Liquid Stockpiling). Type A is commonly unrecognnized in indonesia. Symptoms of type A consist of anxiety, irritability, labilty and nerves tense. So it is important to know how to reduce the symptoms This study aims to determine the effectiveness of pyridoxin in reducing symptoms of Pre Menstrual Syndrome (PMS) and type of symptoms that can be most resolved. There is an effect of using pyridoxine to reduce PMS. It is known from the significance value of t-test that is 0.000. The type of PMS with the highest symptom reduction is in PMS Type A (Anxiety), because pyridoxine can increase stability estrogen and progesterone activity. Anxiety Pre Menstrual Syndrome probably caused by unstable hormone.

DIPEPTIDYL PEPTIDASE 4 (DPP-4) INHIBITORS FOR THE TREATMENT OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS Erna Kristin
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 48, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

ABSTRACT Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease which caused around 1.5 million deaths in 2012. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) accounts for 90% of DM worldwide. The prevalence of T2DM is increasing due to obesity. Clinical guidelines recommend the use of metformin as the first-line treatment, followed by the addition of 1 or 2 oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs), such as sulphonylurea (SU), an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, or thiazolidinediones (TZDs). Recently, newer agents such as dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors have been added to those treatment algorithms. The DPP-4 inhibitor is a class of OAD that inhibits the DPP-4 enzyme. Sitagliptin, saxagliptin, vildagliptin and linagliptin are DPP-4 inhibitors available for the treatment of T2DM in Indonesia and many other countries. The DPP-4 inhibitors have similar glycemic efficacy. However, they produce a moderate improvement in glycated hemoglobin (A1C). There are limited numbers of head-to-head trials of DPP-4 inhibitors. In addition, there are no data on the long-term DPP-4 inhibitors use safety (more than two years), mortality, diabetic complications, or health-related quality of life. Although DPP-inhibitors are not used as initial treatment for a majority of patients with T2DM, DPP-4 inhibitors can be used as add-on therapy in T2DM patients who are intolerant to, have contraindications for, or uncontrolled with the use of metformin, SU, or TZDs. The exact role of DPP-4 inhibitors among several other agents to manage T2DM is not clear. There are only a small number of long-term studies on DPP-4 inhibitors assessing the glycemic decrease efficacy, important clinical outcomes (cardiovascular events, mortality), or safety. In patients with chronic renal failure considered to use DPP-4 inhibitors, linagliptin can be recommended. There are inadequate data to assess the effect of DPP-4 inhibitors on the occurrence of acute pancreatitis. Overall, DPP-4 inhibitors are well-tolerated.

THE EXPRESSION OF Hsa-miR-21-5p AS MINIMAL INVASIVE MARKER TO ADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY IN BREAST CANCER PATIENTS Dewi Safitri Tanjung; MS. Fitria; AI. Kartika; D. Rakhmina; SL. Anwar; R. Oktriani; . Irianiwati; SM. Harjana; T. Aryandono
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 48, No 4 (2016): SUPPLEMENT
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

AbstractBreast cancer remains the leading cause of death among women, and there is a need to develop minimally invasive marker. In our previous study based on clinicopathologic in pre-chemotherapy patients showed miR-21 was upregulated 1.32 times higher at advanced stage compared with early stage. Therefore the matched patients for post-chemotherapy samples were used. The aim of this research is to examine the expression of miR-21 as potential marker to adjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients. The samples were taken by using cross sectional method with total 39 blood plasma samples from breast cancer patients in adjuvant chemotherapy and 12 healthy control samples. Plasma was obtained from blood samples and then RNA isolated were performed. Total RNA was reverse transcribed using cDNA synthesis. The expression of miR-21 was then analyzed using specific primer for miR-21 and miR-16 as the reference gene. Livak Method was used to calculate the expression level in each group. The result showed that there is significant downregulated expression of miR-21 in postchemotherapy 2.61 fold compared with pre-chemotherapy (p<0.05). The expression of miR-21 upregulated 2.2 folds (p<0.05) in pre-chemotherapy compared with healthy control, while in post-chemotherapy compared with healthy control, the expression of miR-21 was 0.8 fold (p<0.05). In conclusion, Hsa-miR-21-5p can be used as marker for adjuvant chemotherapy response in breast cancer because there is significant different expression between prechemotherapy, post-chemotherapy and healthy control. The continuation research in the near future for detecting the expression of tumor suppressor protein regulated by miR-21 is needed.Keywords: breast cancer, adjuvant chemotherapy, miR-21, minimal invasive marker

Efficacy of pethidine 0.1 and 0.2 mg/kg body weight as an adjuvant of intrathecal bupivacaine 0.5% 10 mg in preventing shivering Nur Hesti Kusumasari; IG Ngurah Rai Artika; Djayanti Sari
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 45, No 04 (2013)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Shivering related with spinal anesthesia commonly occurs in patients. It is not only uncomfortablefor the patients, but also related to some complication. The efficacy of pethidine in the preventionof shivering is well known. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of intrathecalpethidine 0.1 mg/kg body weight (BW) and 0.2 mg/kg BW as shivering-prevention drug afterspinal anesthesia. This was a randomized, double-blind controlled trial study involving 196subjects between the age 18-40 years with ASA physical status I-II, gestional age 37-42 weeks,BW of 40-70 kg or Body Mass Index (BMI) <30 kg/m2, body height >145 cm who underwent acaesarean delivery section with spinal anesthesia based of World Health Organization (WHO)procedure in cesarean delivery in Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta and affiliated hospital.Subjects were divided into two groups with 98 subjects of each group. Group A was given anhyperbaric 0.5% bupivacaine 10 mg and pethidine 0.1 mg/kg BW, and Group B was given anhyperbaric 0.5% bupivacaine 10 mg and pethidine 0.2 mg/kg BW in the same volume (2.5 mL).The seubjects were observed for the incidence and severity of shivering and side effects ofpehtidine. The results showed that the incidence of shivering in Group A (35.70%) was significantlygreater than in Group B (22.44%) (p<0.05). However, the onzet an duration of shivering werenot significantly different in both groups (p>0.05). Moreover, the incidence of nausea andvomiting in Group A (8.33%) was significantly lower than Group B (22.45%). In conclusion,pethidine 0.2 mg/kg BW is more effective to preven shivering than pethidine 0.1 mg/kg BWalthough the incidence of its side effects is more higher.

The Influence of Long-term Diabetes Mellitus on Pain Response in Mice: In Vivo Models of Painful Diabetic Neuropathy (PDN) Fifteen Aprila Fajrin; R Susilowati; A Nurrochmad; AE Nugroho
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 49, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

ABSTRACTPainful diabetic neuropathy (PDN) is a complication of long-term Diabetes Mellitus (DM) characterized by hyperalgesia and allodynia. In streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice, higher dose of STZ and lengthen hiperglycemic condition results in better model of PDN. However, higher dose of STZ tend to induce mortality. Evaluate the doses of STZ that caused PDN with less mortality rate and the timing of pain behavior development in mice model of PDN. Balb/c mice were divided into non-diabetic and STZ-induced diabetic group. The doses of STZ were started from 180 mg/kg i.p. Serum glucose levels were measured 7 days after induction. Mice with glucose levels ≥ 200 mg/dl were considered as diabetic. Pain behaviour was determined by four method i.e. hot plate, tail flick test, von Frey fillament and Randall Selitto,measured on week-0 (baseline), 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5. Data were presented as mean±SEM. The mean differences between weeks were evaluated by One-Way ANOVA and the mean differences between two groups by independent t-test. STZ doses 180 mg/kg, 150 mg/kg and 120 mg/kg caused 100% death and STZ 90 mg/kg failed to induce diabetic condition. STZ 110 mg/kg resulted in 0% mortality while it induced diabetes in 100% mice. Latency time toward thermal stimulus decreased to 5.8 s at 1st week after the mice become diabetes (p<0.05) and it was continued decrease until 4th week. The same result was also showed in tail flick test and Randal Selitto. The pain sensitivity determined by von Frey filament decreased to 1.37 g at week 1 (p<0.05) and continued decrease until 5th week. Optimum dose of STZ to induce PDN was 110 mg/kg. Pain behaviour of diabetic group was observed at 1st week after diabetic and continued until 4th week.Keywords: PDN, hot plate, tail flick test, von Frey fillament, Randall Selitto

The effect of active compound isolated from the leaves of kembang bulan [Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsley) A. Gray] on cell cycle and angiogenesis of WiDr cell line Hajid Rahmadianto Mardihusodo; Mae Sri Hartati Wahyuningsih; Indwiani Astuti
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 45, No 03 (2013)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Colorectal cancer is the tenth most common form of malignant tumor of hospital inpatients inIndonesia. Advance approaches in anticancer development is discovery molecular-targeted drugs.Molecular targets for anticancer drug have been identified including genes associated with cellcycle control and angiogenesis. Previously, an active and selective compound against WiDr fromTithonia diversifolia (Hemsley) A. has been isolated. The aim of this study was to evaluate theeffect of the isolated active compound fromT. diversifolia on the WiDr cell cycle and angiogenesis.Isolation of the active compound was performed by preparative thin layer chromatography (TLC)method. WiDr cell cycle was analyzed by flowcytometry using propidium iodide (PI).Antiangiogenesis effect was evaluated by immunocytochemistry method using anti-human VEGFmonoclonal antibody. The results showed that the effect of the isolated active compound onthe WiDr cell cycle depended on the concentration and the incubation time periods. Atconcentration of 4 μg/mL, it inhibited the WiDr cell cycle SubG1 phase after 36 and 48 hoursincubation and G1 phase after 72 hours incubation. While at concentration of 8 μg/mL, it clearlyinhibited the WiDr cell cycle G1 phase after 36, 48 and 72 hours incubation. Furthermore, theisolated active compound at concentration of 4 μg/mL significantly inhibited the VEGF expressionuntil 47.38% compared to control. In conclusion, the isolated active compound fromT. diversifoliainhibited cell cycle and angiogenesis of WiDr cell.

The efficacy of intense pulsed light and heat energy therapy compared to benzoyl peroxide gel 2.5% in the treatment of mild and moderate acne vulgaris Triasari Oktavriana; Agnes Sri Siswati; Kristiana Etnawati
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 47, No 4 (2015)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

The use of technology-based light therapies such as intense pulsed light and heat energy(IPL) provides an alternative therapy for patients with acne. However, clinical evidenceis required to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the IPL. This study aimed to evaluate theefficacy of IPL compared to benzoyl peroxide (BP) as standard therapies in patients withacne vulgaris. The study was conducted with randomized controlled trial parallel designinvolving patients with mild and moderate acne vulgaris. Acne severity was determined bythe method of Combined Acne Severity Classification (CASC). Statistical analysis usingrepeated measurement analysis of variance was conducted to assess the reduction inlesions and number of P. acnes in each group followed by independent t-test to compareof both groups. A p value <0.05 was considered significant. Sixty-two patients withmild and moderate acne vulgaris were enrolled in this study and treated with IPL (32patients) and with BP gel 2.5% (30 patients). Two patients from the IPL were droppedout. All subjects showed improvement in acne lesions. Reduction of the number ofnon-inflammatory lesions at IPL therapy group was not significantly different than theBP gel 2.5% at week 2 (p=0.705) and 4 (p=0.186). Reduction in the numberof inflammatory lesions in the IPL treatment group was not significantly different than BPgel 2.5% at week 2 (p=0.604) but significantly higher at week 4 (p=0.003). Thereduction of P. acnes colonization in the IPL group was significantly higher than BP gel2.5% group at week 2 (p=0.000) and 4 (p=0.000). In conclusion, the efficacy of IPLin the reduction of the number of inflammatory lesions and the P. acnes colonization isbetter than BP on patients with acne vulgaris.

The relationship between sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) expression and tumor size, Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) expression and histological grading in rat breast carcinoma induced by dimethylbenz()anthracene (DMBA) Novrita Padauleng; Dewajani Purnomosari; Sri Herwiyanti; . Harjadi; . Irianiwati; Sitarina Widyarini
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 45, No 04 (2013)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Controversy regarding the role of SIRT1 in pathology of cancers exists and is still under debate.SIRT1 could act as either a tumor supressor or tumor promotor. This study was conducted toevaluate the relationship between SIRT1 expression and tumor size, Proliferating Cell NuclearAntigen (PCNA) expression and histological grading in rat breast carcinoma induced bydimethylbenz(á)anthracene (DMBA). Thirty female Sprague Dawley rats were randomly allocatedinto three groups with 10 rats in each group. Group 1 as negative control was just fed thestandard food. Group 2 as vehicle control was fed the standard food and corn oil. Group 3 asinduction group was fed the standard food and induced with DMBA at dose of 20 mg/kg bodyweight (BW) in corn oil twice a week for five weeks. All rats were palpated weekly to determinethe appearance, size and location of tumors. Sixteen weeks after DMBA induction rats weresacrified and histological preparations of the breast carcinoma tissue were then processed forSIRT1 and PCNA expression examination as well as histological grading. The result showed thatSIRT1 expression was significantly higher in breast carcinoma tissue compared to normal gland(26.12 vs 0.05; p = 0.004). SIRT1-positive was observed mostly in poor histological gradecarcinomas (56.2%), and it was not observed in good histological grade carcinomas. However,there was no significantly difference between SIRT1 and histological grading (p = 0.097; r =0.285). A significant correlation between SIRT1 expression and the tumor size (p =0.009; r=0.877), as well as PCNA expression (p =0.000; r =0.790) was observed. In conclusion, thereis relationship between SIRT1 expression and tumor size as well as PCNA expression in rat breastcarcinoma induced by DMBA.

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Journal Mail Official jmedscie@ugm.ac.id

Editorial Address https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bik/about/editorialTeam

Location Kab. sleman, Daerah istimewa yogyakarta INDONESIA

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Contact Name
Nurhadiyahya

Contact Email
nurhadiyahya@ugm.ac.id

Phone
+6289672800034

Journal Mail Official
jmedscie@ugm.ac.id

Editorial Address
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bik/about/editorialTeam

Location
Kab. sleman,

Daerah istimewa yogyakarta

INDONESIA