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Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 01261312     EISSN : 23563931     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.19106/JMedSci005303202101
Core Subject : Science,
Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience
Journal of the Medical Sciences (JMedSci) or Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran (BIK) is an international, open-access, and double-blind peer-reviewed journal, published by Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia. JMedSci aiming to communicate high-quality articles in the areas of biomedical science from basic to clinical sciences.The journal welcomes papers from original articles, case reports, reviews, and book reviews. All papers published in JMedSci are freely available as downloadable pdf files. The journal began its publication on March 1973 and published quarterly (January, April, July, and October). JMedSci is abstracted and indexed in DOAJ, Crossref, Google Scholar, Sinta, Indonesia One Search. JMedSci is accredited by Directorate of General Higher Education, the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Indonesia
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 2,170 Documents
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Expression of receptor advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and histological picture of pancreatic -cells of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats after yellow soybean powder suspension (Glycine max) administration Sri Kadarsih Soejono, Dominggos Gonsalves Sri Lestari Sulistyo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 44, No 02 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (9405.961 KB) | DOI: 10.19106/jms.2014/001

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a multisystemic disease characterized by hyperglycemia due to defects ininsulin secretion and action, or both. Hyperglycemia is the most important factor in the onsetand progress of diabetic complications. Hyperglycemia increases the expression of receptor foradvanced glycosylation end products (RAGE) which leads to pancreatic -cells damage. Yellowsoybean (Glycine max) is reported to contain isoflavones which have various biological propertiesincluding antidiabetes. Dietary soybean can prevent the progression of diabetic complications.This study was conducted to investigate the effects of yellow soybean powder suspension onexpression of RAGE and pancreatic -cells damage of diabetic rats. Thirty streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic Sprague Dawley male rats aged 11-12 weeks with body weight 200-250 g wereused in this study. The rats were divided into 5 groups with 6 rats in each group. Group 1 wasnon diabetic rats. Group 2 was diabetic rats without treatment. Group 3-5 were given yellowsoybean powder suspension of 400, 800 and 1600 mg/kg BW for four weeks, respectively. Atthe end of the experiment, pancreases tissues were removed for examination of RAGE expressionand pancreatic -cells. The results showed that yellow soybean powder suspension ingestionsignifantly decreased blood glucose level of diabetic rats toward normality (p<0.05). Moreover,the percentage of RAGE expression on Group 3 (50.01±2.75%) and Group 2 (53.03±4.02%)were not significantly different (p>0.05). Meanwhile, the percentage of RAGE expression onGroup 4 (42.43±4.08%) and Group 5 (40.62±3.42%) were significantly lower than Group 2(p<0.05). The percentage of pancreatic -cells on Group 2 (10.04±1.56%) was not significantlydifferent compared to Group 3 (8.61±0.81%) (p>0.05), whereas the percentage of pancreatic-cells in Group 4 (16.78±7.79%) and in Group 5 (22.03±11.51%) were significantly higherthan Group 2 (p<0.05). In conclusion, yellow soybean powder suspension can decrease RAGEexpression and prevent pancreatic -cells damage on STZ-induced diabetic rats.Keywords: pancreatic cells - Langerhans islets - streptozotocine - diabetic rats - soybeans
Penile granuloma caused by liquid silicone injection Ishandono Dachlan, Ishandono Dachlan
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 39, No 01 (2007)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Various alloplastic injectable implants have been developed for soft tissue augmentation withoutsurgery. Silicone is a polymer from a family of chemically related organo-silicone compounds that mayexist in any state from a fluid to a solid. Injectable liquid silicone has been used for various cosmetictreatments, mainly for soft tissue augmentation, for example lip, cheek, breast, buttock, and penile. Liquidsilicone has been implicated in variety of adverse inflammatory reactions, sometimes resulting in tissuedestruction.We describe an adverse granulomatous reaction after the injection of liquid silicone for penile augmentation.Penile granuloma can occur as an adverse effect of penile enlargement with the injection of high viscositysolution, like silicone (siliconoma), paraffin (paraffinoma), vaseline or mineral oil. Penile granuloma is arare case which needs an accurate management.We found 30-years old man that occurs 5 weeks after non medical injection of liquid silicone. Surgicalmanagement was done with an excision of the granuloma and round incision on the upper penile, exceptthe urethral part. There were no complications following the treatment. Histopathology examination showedthe appearance of silicone-like foreign body granuloma and fibrosis of the preputium. It is concluded that Injection liquid silicone for penile augmentation could cause adverse granulomatous. Surgical management can be done with an excision of the granuloma.Keywords: liquid silicone, penile granuloma, surgical excision.
The association of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2922126 within ghrelin and growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1a (GHSR1a) gene with insulin resistance in obese female adolescents in Yogyakarta Special Region Madarina Julia, Cut Gina Inggriyani Rina Susilowati
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 44, No 02 (2012)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Previous study reported that among 79 obese female adolescents in Yogyakarta Special Region, 44 (55.7%) of them have insulin resistance. However, no significant differences on dietary habits and physical activity between the obese female who have insulin resistance and thosewho are insulin sensitive were observed. Therefore, it was thought that genetic factors are involved in the occurrence of insulin resistance. Ghrelin and growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR) genes have been associated with the insulin signaling pathway with implicationsin insulin resistance. The study aimed to analyze the association between SNP (single nucleotid polymorphism) rs2922126 in GHSR1a gene with insulin resistance in obese female adolescents in Yogyakarta Special Region. Seventy eight obese female adolescents who were selected in theprevious study were involved in this study. Secondary data including name of subjects, age, body height, body weight, BMI (body mass index), fasting glucose level, fasting insulin level, waist circumference and HOMA-IR index were obtained from previous study. Polymerase Chai Reaction (PCR) and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) methods were used to the genotype analysis of SNP rs2922126. Chi-square test was used to calculate odds ratio on genotype and allele of SNP rs2922126 GHSR1a gene in insulin resistance and insulin sensitive groups. The results showed that A/A genotype individuals in SNP rs2922126 had higher risk to develop insulin resistance, compared to A/T and T/T genotypes individuals (OR: 2.03; 95%CI: 0.54-7.57). However, it was not significantly different (p>0.05). Individuals with A/A genotype and A allele carriers at SNP rs2922126 tended to have a higher value of BMI, fasting glucose level, fasting insulin level, HOMA-IR, and waist circumference compared to other carriers, althoughit was not significant (p>0.05). It can be concluded that SNP rs2922126 in GHSR1a gene is not associated with insulin resistance in obese female adolescents in Yogyakarta Special Region.Keywords: GHSR1a gene - SNP rs2922126 - insulin resistance - female - obese
Assessment of maximal urinary flow rate (Qmax) of urethral stricture patients three weeks post internal urethrotomy Sachse in Dr. Sardjito General Hospital Yogyakarta Ishandono Dachlan, Juni Ariston Tambunan Prawito Singodimedjo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 44, No 02 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Urethral stricture is a common urologic problem in developing countries including Indonesia dueto its high prevalence. Internal urethrotomy is still the gold standard to return patients to a stateof normal voiding. To evaluate the outcome of the internal urethrotomy, uroflowmetry assessmentcan be conducted with its principal variable of maximal urinary flow rate (Qmax). Since 1985, inDr. Sardjito General Hospital Yogyakarta, the internal urethrotomy has been used as the maintreatment modality to manage the urethral stricture. However, its outcome has not beenevaluated. The aim of this study was to evaluate Qmax of urethral stricture patients postinternal urethrotomy Sachse in Dr. Sardjito General Hospital. This was a cross-sectional studyperformed starting from November 2009 to April 2010. The Qmax was assessed using theuroflowmeter three weeks after internal urethrotomy. The length and the locations of the patients’stricture, as well as its correlation with Qmax were also measured and evaluated. Among 24patients selected, 13 patients who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria were involved inthis study. The mean of the Qmax of patients was 22.3±6.7 mL/s.The mean of Qmax ofpatients who had the length of urethral stricture of d” 2 cm (14.8±3.8 mL/s) was significantlyhigher than patients who had length of à 2 cm (6.4±2.6 mL/s) (p=0.03), whereas patients whohad the location of urethral stricture on anterior (12.4±5.4 mL/s) were not significantly differentcompared to patients who had those on posterior (8.5±4.9 mL/s) (p=0.398). In conclusion, themajority of patients returned to a state of normal urinary tract function post internal urethrotomy.The Qmax of urethral stricture patients after internal urethrotomy are influenced by the lengthof the stricture but not by its location.Keywords: urethral stricture - urethrography - Sachse - uroflowmetry - Qmax
Effectiveness of subconjunctival mitomycin-C compared with subconjunctival triamcinolon acetonide on the recurrence of progresive primary pterygium which underwent Mc Reynolds method Angela Nurini Agni, Donny W Chandra Agus Supartoto,
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 39, No 04 (2007)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Background: The main problem in the management of pterygium is how to diminish the recurrence rateafter surgical treatment. Mitomycin-C an antineoplastic, antifibrotic has been used to prevent recurrencerate of pterygium after excision, however, it correlated with some complications. Subconjunctivaladministration before excision has been proposed to avoid them.Objective: To know the effectivity of subconjunctival of mitomycin-C to decrease the recurrence rate ofprogresive primary pterigyum after Mc Reynold method compared with subconjunctival triamcinolonacetonide.Materials and methods: Randomized clinical trial of 41 progresive primary pterygium in Dr Sardjito Hospitaland Dr Yap Eye Hospital. They were randomly assigned to receive subconjunctival 0.1 ml triamcinolonacetonide or 0.1 ml mitomycin-C and underwent pterygium excision one week later using Mc Reynoldmethod. The follow up period was 6 months to detect any recurrence and complication of the drugsResults: The recurrence rate after subconjunctival mitomycin-C and triamcinolon acetonide was 4.7% and25%, respectively, however the different was not statistically significant (p=0.67). There were nostatistical difference in conjunctival hiperemia, lacrimation and granulation. Blepharospasm was significantlydifferent in seven days. The pain after injection and after excision was statistically different between twotwo groups.Conclusion: The recurrence rate of progressive primary pterygium in triamcinolon acetonide group washigher than mitomycin-C group but there was no statistical difference.Key words : Progressive primary pterygium – mitomycin-C – triamcinolon acetonide – Mc Reynold method
The diagnostic value of fine needle aspiration biopsy and ultrasonography on thyroid nodule in Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta Ishandono Dachlan, Wicaksono Probowoso
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 44, No 02 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

As the prevalence of thyroid cancer increases, a diagnostic method that can identify malignancy that warrants further surgical treatment is needed. Fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) and ultrasonography (USG) are preoperative test for diagnosing thyroid tumor. This research aimed to calculate the diagnostic value of FNAB and USG on thyroid nodule patients in Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta. This was a diagnostic test study using a retrospective designusing data from medical records of patients with thyroid nodules from January 2006 to December 2010. The diagnositic value of FNAB and USG including sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and accuracy were calculated and compared with histopathological examination as the gold standard. Ninety medical records data of patients consisting of 71 females and 19 males who were diagnosed thyroid nodule with FNAB or USG before surgery were evaluated in this study. The results of FNAB of 90 patients were as follows: 54 (60.0%) benign, 6 (6.7%) malignant, and 30 (33.3%) follicular neoplasm. Meanwhile, the results USG of 90 patients were as follows: 38 (42.2%) benign, 15 (16.7%) malignant and 37 (41.1%) non determined. The diagnostic value of FNAB was described as follows: sensitivity of50.0%, specificity of 100%, PPV of 100%, NPV of 50.0% and an accuracy of 60.0%, whereas the diagnostic value of USG was described as follows: sensitivity of 81.8%, specificity of87.5%, PPV 60%, NPV 94.5% and accuracy of 50.0%. In conclusion, the diagnostic value of FNAB and USG in stablishing diagnosis of thyroid nodule is still low. The FNAB has higher accuracy compared to USG for diagnosing thyroid nodules.Keywords: diagnostic value - fine needle aspiration - ultrasonography - thyroid nodule - histopathological examination
The effect of a formulation containing honey, black cumin, propolis and royal jelly on blood glucose level and pancreatic -cells of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats Setyo Purwono,Sitarina Widyarini,Mustofa, Sunyoto, Umi Mahmudah, Sindu Oktivasari,Eti Nurwening Shol
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 44, No 02 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

A formulation containing 40% of honey, 30% of black cumin, 20% of propolis and 10% of royaljelly has been available in the market for the treatment of diabetes. Although each content ofthe formulation is proven to possess antioxidant and antihyperglycemic activities, its combinationeffect has not been evaluated yet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of thisformulation on blood glucose level and pancreatic -cells of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabeticrats. Thirty six male Wistar rats (Rattus novergicus) aged 11 weeks with body weight 100-150 gwere used in this study. The rats were divided into 6 groups with 6 rats in each group. Group 1was non diabetic rats that were given aquadest. Group 2 was diabetic rats that were givenaquadest. Group 3 was diabetic rats that were given metformin at dose of 45 mg/kg BW. Group4-6 were diabetic rats that were given formulation tested at dose of 3, 6 and 12 mL/kg BW,respectively. All rats were induced by intraperitoneal injection of STZ at 60 mg/kg BW anddiabetic rats were then orally administered the formulation tested or metformin twice daily for14 days. Blood glucose level was monitored on day 10 and 17 after STZ induction. Rats weresacrificed and pancreas samples were taken for histopathological examination. The results showedthat the blood glucose level decreased significantly after seven days of treatment with metforminor fomulation tested and continued after 14 days of treatment. The blood glucose level ofdiabetic rats after 14 days of treatment returned to the normal level. The vacuolization of thepancreatic -cells of diabetic rats treated with metformin or with formulation tested were lowerthan untreated diabetic rats but still higher than non diabetic rats. In conclusion, the formulationtested has antihyperglicemic and protective effect on -cells damage in diabetic rats.Keywords: diabetic rats - honey - black cumin - propolis - royal jelly - antihyperglicemic
The effect of cyperus rotundus root ethanol extract on the epithelization in the healing process on skin excision wound Harijadi, Ch. Tri Nuryana E. Suryadi
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 39, No 04 (2007)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Ch. Tri Nuryana, E. Suryadi & Harijadi - The Influence of Ethanol Extract of Purple Nutsedge (Cyperusrotundus) on Epithelization of Skin Wound Healing ProcessBackground: If skin is wounded, epithelial cells will migrate to the wound area in order to keep homeostatic.Epithelization consists of mitotic and proliferation of epithelial cells. Rhizome of purple nutsedge (Cyperusrotundus) contains cyperene, flavonoid, ²-sitosterol dan ascorbic acid that can accelerate epithelization inwound healing process and has been used in traditional medicine.Objective: To investigate the influence of ethanol extract of Purple Nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) inepithelization of wound healing process.Methods: Fourty five Balb/c male mice 8-10 weeks old, 25-35 g weight, were excised punch biopsy onback 0.5 cm right and left of columna vertebralis, 2.5 cm in cutis from the ear area. The mice weredivided into 5 groups. Negative control group was treated with vehicle of extract, positive control groupwas treated by gel containing placenta extract 1% & neomycin sulfate 0.5% and the others were treatedwith C. rotundus 1%, 2%, and 4% in concentration. Each of the groups was divided into 3 subgroups.Each of the subgroups composed of 3 mice based on the period of termination, i.e.: 3rd, 7th and 12th dayafter wounded. Histological evaluation was done to investigate the thickness of epithelial layer.Results: The data were analyzed by Two-way Anova and the results showed that there was a significantdifference (p<0.05) in every decapitation period, groups, and interaction between decapitation period andgroups. The results of LSD test showed that there was a significant difference (p<0.05) in the thicknessof epithelial layer between negative control and C. rotundus groups.Conclusion: Cyperus rotundus extract accelerates epithelization process of wound healing in mice.Key words: Wound healing - Cyperus rotundus - epithelization - mice
Clinical signs as diagnostic test to assess hypoxemia in children with acute asthma exacerbation Endy Paryanto Prawirohartono, Latifah Hanum Roni Naning
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 44, No 02 (2012)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Asthma attack can cause hypoxemia. One of the methods to detect hypoxemia is by using pulseoximetry. However, this tool is not always available in some health care centres. Therefore, amore rapid and simple diagnostic tool is needed as an alternative method to detect hypoxemia.This study aimed to assess signs and symptoms as diagnostic tools for hypoxemia in childrenwith asthma. This was an analytical observational with cross-sectional design performed inDepartment of Pediatrics, Dr. Sardjito General Hospital/Faculty of Medicine, Universitas GadjahMada, Yogyakarta. The study was started in Februari 2010 until the sample size was sufficient.Seventy seven children with asthma between 0 – 18 years old who were presented to EmergencyDepartment and Respiratory Outpatient Clinic were involvoled in this study. All subjects wereexamined for clinical signs and oxygen saturation as the gold standard. The prevalence ofhypoxemia in children with asthma in this study was 18.2%. The best single clinical predictor ofhypoxemia was tachycardia that yielded a sensitivity of 86% (95%CI: 67 – 100%) and specificityof 59% (95%CI: 49 – 71%), and nasal flaring yielded a sensitivity of 79% and specificity of79%. The combination of 2 clinical signs namely chest wall retraction-nasal flaring increased asensitivity of 79% and specificity of 71%, chest wall retraction-tachycardia increased a sensitivityof 86% and a specificity of 76%, chest wall retraction-tachypnoe increased a sensitivity of 86%and a specificity of 51%, tachycardia-tachypnoea increased a sensitivity of 79% and a specificityof 76%. The combination 3 clinical sign namely chest wall retraction-tachycardia-tachypnoeayielded a sensitivity of 79% and specificity of 79%. In conclusion, chest wall retraction andtachycardia have higher diagnostic score than other clinical signs to assess hypoxemia in childrenwith asthma on acute exacerbation.Keywords: asthma - hypoxemia - clinical signs - children - assessment
Exclusive breastfeeding and risk of atopic dermatitis in high risk infant Sumadiono, Martaviani Budiastuti, Setya Wandita,
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 39, No 04 (2007)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Background: WHO recommends exclusive breast-feeding for 6 months becaase it is highly beneficial. It hasbeen proven by a number of studies to be advantageous in preventing various infectious diseases. However,its role in preventing allergic diseases especially atopic dermatitis in infant remains uncertain until recently.Objective: To find out whether high risk infant who did not receive exclusive breast-feeding would have agreater risk to suffer from atopic dermatitis.Method: We conducted a case-control study. Data were obtained from Pediatric Outpatient Clinics andDermatology and Venerology Outpatient Clinics, Dr. Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta. Case group was highrisk infants with atopic dermatitis, while control group was high risk infants but not having the disease.Statistical analysis used Chi-square and degree of significance was stated as Confidence Interval (CI) of95% for each Odds Ratio (OR). Multivariate analysis was performed by using logistic regression method.Results: The study included 88 subjects with 44 subjects for case and control groupas well Logisticregression showed that not receiving exclusive breast-feeding was statistically significant risk factor toatopic dermatitis in high risk infant {OR 3.72 (95% CI: 1.40-9.90); p 0.01}.Conclusion: High risk infant not receiving exclusive breast-feeding will have greater risk to develop atopicdermatitis.Keywords: exclusive breast-feeding, atopic dermatitis; high risk infants.

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