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Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 01261312     EISSN : 23563931     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.19106/JMedSci005303202101
Core Subject : Science,
Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience
Journal of the Medical Sciences (JMedSci) or Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran (BIK) is an international, open-access, and double-blind peer-reviewed journal, published by Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia. JMedSci aiming to communicate high-quality articles in the areas of biomedical science from basic to clinical sciences.The journal welcomes papers from original articles, case reports, reviews, and book reviews. All papers published in JMedSci are freely available as downloadable pdf files. The journal began its publication on March 1973 and published quarterly (January, April, July, and October). JMedSci is abstracted and indexed in DOAJ, Crossref, Google Scholar, Sinta, Indonesia One Search. JMedSci is accredited by Directorate of General Higher Education, the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Indonesia
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 2,170 Documents
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Association between atopy and allergic contact dermatitis in Dr. Sardjito General Hospital Yogyakarta Hardyanto Soebono, Fitria Retno Danarti
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 45, No 02 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (521.829 KB) | DOI: 10.19106/JMedScie004502201305

Abstract

Association between atopy and development of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) remains controversial. T cell disfunctions in a patient with atopy complicate the process of nickel sensitization. On the other, the decrease of the skin barrier function and overexpression of Langerhans cells in the patient facilitate the sensitization.  This study aimed to evaluate the association between atopy and incidence of nickel ACD. A case-control study was carried out in Allergic and Immunology Sub Department of Dermato-Venereology Policlinic, Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, involving 54 nickel ACD patients as case group and 74 healthy subjects as control group. All subjects underwent prick test allergens i.e. house dust, dust mite, cockroach, mixed fungi, nuts and egg white. The skin reaction was considered as a positive result if a wheal diameter of at least 3 mm larger than the negative control or a minimum of half of the positive control. The relationship between atopy and the nickel ACD incidence was analyzed using Chi-Square test with confidence interval (CI) of 95%. A significant association between atopy and the nickel ACD incidence was observed in this study. Subjects with atopy to  ≥1 allergen had risk of nickel ACD 3.74 higher than subjects without atopy (odds ratio/OR=3.74; 95%CI = 1.64-8.53).  Furtheremore, subjects with atopy to  ≥2 allergens had risk of nickel ACD 3.74 higher than subjects without atopy (OR=2.08; 95%CI = 1.01-4.29). In conclusion, atopy is a risk factor of nickel ACD. Key words: atopy - allergic contact dermatitis - nickel allergy – prick test – allergen
Cranial unifocal langerhans cell histiocytosis in a female child: a difficult case with S-100 and CD1a immunonegativity Soeripto, J Bras, Hanggoro Tri Rinonce Sagiri Mangunsudirdjo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 43, No 02 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

A 13-years old female child was carried to Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta by her mother with chiefcomplaint of a mass on her forehead. Since eight months prior to her visiting, she had a mass on her forehead whichbecame larger slowly without tenderness and had no fever. Clinical examination revealed a well circumscribedmass, 3 cm in diameter, fixed, with rubbery consistency. The skull X-ray revealed a punch out lesion in frontal bone.The head CT scanning revealed a destruction of frontal bone. Clinical diagnosis of dermoid cyst was determined,excision and curettage was performed. Gross examination showed 2.5 cc fragmented tissue, brownish yellow, withrubbery consistency. A diagnosis of benign histiocytosis (Langerhans cell histiocytosis or non-Langerhans cellhistiocytosis) of frontal bone was determined based on morphological and immunohistochemical examination. Theaim of this presented article was to report a rare case of cranial unifocal Langerhans cell histiocytosis in a femalechild with S-100 and CD1a immunonegativity, and to discuss how to determine its diagnosis based on literaturereview.Key words: Langerhans cell histiocytosis - juvenile xanthogranuloma – reticulohistiocytoma - eosinophilic granuloma– S100 – CD1a
Expression of receptor advanced glycosilation end product (RAGE) and active caspase-3 of the streptozotocin-induced chronic diabetes mellitus Sprague Dawley rats’ sperm with soybean (Glycin max) powder suspension treatment Sri Kadarsih Soejono, Mustofa Dicky Moch Rizal
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 45, No 01 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (13374.651 KB) | DOI: 10.19106/JMedScie004501201301

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) affects all the process of spermatogenesis. Chronic hyperglycemia in DM increases the expression of receptor for advanced glycosilation end products (RAGE) that is responsible for the activation of signal production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and caspase 3. Active caspase 3 plays an important role in cell apoptosis. Soybean (Glycin max) is reported to have antihyperglycemic and antiadvanced glycosilation end products (antiAGE) and antioxidants activities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of soybean powder suspension on the expression of RAGE and active caspase 3 of diabetic rats’ sperm. This was an experimental study with post test only control group design using 30 male Sprague Dawley rats, aged 11-12 weeks old and weighed 200-250g. The rats were divided into five groups with six rats in each group. Group 1 was non diabetic rats and  Group 2 was diabetic rats that were given aquadest. Group 3-5 were diabetic rats that were given a soybean powder suspension at dose of 400; 800 and 1600 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day, respectively. Diabetic rats were made by induction of a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) at a dose of 60 mg/kg BW. Soybean powder suspension was ingested for four weeks after 14 days STZ induction. Blood glucose levels were monitored before and three days after STZ induction and four weeks after suspension ingestion. The expression of RAGE and active caspase-3 were analyzed using immunohistochemistry method four weeks after suspension ingestion. The results showed that soybean powder suspension ingestion significantly decreased blood glucose level of diabetic rats toward normality (p<0.05). However, the expression of RAGE and active caspase-3 in diabetic rats’ sperm were not significantly lower than those after suspension ingestion. In conclusion, soybean powder suspension does not significantly affect the expression of RAGE and active caspase-3 in diabetic rats’ sperm.
Comparison of serum aminotransferase between gas and gasless laparoscopy cholecystectomy Agus Barmawi, Imam Sofii Hendro Wartatmo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 42, No 01 (2010)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Carbondioxide (CO2) insufflations in laparoscopy with gas will increase intraabdominal pressure that influences thehemodynamic, lungs, and kidneys. One of important hemodynamic changes is temporary reduction of hepatic bloodflowbecause of pneumoperitoneum. Pressure caused by pneumoperitoneumcan influence ischemia degree of hepaticcell and cause hepatic enzymes increase. Enzyme that includes in hepatic enzyme is aminotransferase,which consistsof: transaminase (AST) or glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase serum and alanine transaminase (ALT) or glutamicpyruvic transaminase serum. Laparoscopy method by lifting abdomen wall (gasless laparoscopy) without CO2insufflations can decrease the damaging effects of high intraabdominal pressure. This research was an experimentalresearch with single blind randomized clinical trial (RCT) plan, with observation of symptomatic cholelithiasis patientswho underwent cholecystectomy laparoscopic cholecystectomy with gas or CO2 (pneumoperitoneum) or withoutgas (gasless). Hepatic function tests were then held at 24 hours and 72 hours after operation. Research subjectswere symptomatic cholelithiasis patients who fulfilled inclusion and exclusion criteria. Samples needed were 24people in each group. The independent variable was patients with symptomatic cholelithiasis who underwentcholecystectomy laparoscoped with gas compared to those being cholecystectomy laparoscoped without gas. Thedependent variable was aminotransferase enzyme value before operation, and 24, 72 hours postoperation. The datawere analyzed using Kolmogorov Smirnov, independent t-test, pair t-test, and MannWhitney test. It was obtained21 cases for men (43.75%), 27 cases for women (56.25%). The average age of the group laparoscopy with gaswas 47.16±10.76 years old and the group laparoscopy without gas was 45.3±11.48 years old (p>0,05). Theaverage values of AST and ALT 24 hours postoperation of the group laparoscopy without gas were 21.9±7.6 U/L(increase 24%) and 26.3±5.2 U/L (increase 46%) compared to 65.8±18.4 U/L (increase 206%) and 62.8±14.3U/L (increase 280%) in the group laparoscopy with gas (p< 0,05). The average values of AST and ALT 72 hourspostoperation of the group laparoscopywithout gaswere 24.7±8.3 U/L (increase 33%) and 28.9±7.3 U/L (increase17%) compared to 71,5±28,6 U/L (increase 250%) and 75.8±16.9 U/L (increase 360%) in the group laparoscopywith gas (p< 0,05). In conclusion, there were significantly increases of serum aminotransferase values (AST andALT) in cholecystectomy laparoscopy with gas compared to in cholecystectomy laparoscopy without gas.Key words: cholecystectomy laparoscopy – pneumoperitoneum - gasless – serum aminotransferase
Active compounds isolated from red betel (Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav) leaves active against Streptococcus mutans through its inhibition effect on glucosyltransferase activity Mustofa, Rima Erviana Setyo Purwono
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 43, No 02 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Dental caries is a major problem of dental health in Indonesia. Streptococcus mutans is a bacteria that can causecaries. In this recent time, the agents used to eliminate the caries is less effective due to S. mutans resistance tothose agents. Moreover, the agents may produce side effects after 10 years of consumption.Therefore, effort tofind alternative agents against dental caries is needed. Red betel (Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav) is a promising naturalmaterial to treat dental caries. The P. crocatum Ruiz & Pav leaves contain secondary metabolites such as essentialoil, flavonoid, alkaloid, and phenolic compounds that active against S. mutans involved in caries formation. Thisstudy aimed to evaluate the activity of secondary metabolites isolated from red betel leaves against S. mutans andits inhibition effect on the glucosyltransferase (GTF) activity. The growth inhibition test of S. mutans was carriedout with liquid dilution test and diffusion test. Cultures of S. mutans were treated with essential oil, alkaloid,flavonoid, phenolic compounds isolated from P. crocatum Ruiz & Pav in various concentration and incubated at 37OCin anaerob condition. Povidone iodine was used as positive control and aquadest as negative control. The inhibitiontest of GTF activity was performed by measuring the levels of formed fructose that was analyzed by Somogyinelsonmethod. The data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA with a 95% confidence interval.The results showedthat essential oil and alkaloid had lowest MIC (Minimal Inhibitory Concentration) compared with the other activecompounds (5000 μg/mL) but higher than povione iodine as positive control (2500 μg/mL). The essential oil exhibitedsimilar inhibition zone diameter compared with povidone iodine, either at low or high concentration (p>0.05). Theessential oil had similar inhibition activity to the glucosyltransferase compared with povidone iodine (p>0.05). Inconclusion, the essential oil of red betel leaves had the strongest activity against the S. mutans growth through itsinhibition effect on GTF activity.Key words : red betel (P. crocatum Ruiz & Pav) – antibacterial - S. mutans – essential oil - glucosyltransferase
Collagen synthesis on ultraviolet A irradiated human skin fibroblast treated with insulin Yohanes Widodo Wirohadidjojo, Febrina Rismauli Panggabean Satiti Retno Pudjiati
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 43, No 01 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation from the sun can stimulate premature skin aging because UV irradiation inhibits collagensynthesis, promotes collagen degradation and inhibits fibroblast proliferation. Insulin is capable to stimulate fibroblastgenes collagen expression, DNA synthesis, and collagen synthesis. The effect of insulin in reducing collagen synthesisamong repeated-UVA irradiation on human skin fibroblast has never been studied. This study aims to investigate theeffect of insulin in collagen synthesis among repeated-UVA irradiation on normal human skin fibroblast. To asses thecollagen synthesis collagen degradation, collagen deposition and fibroblast proliferationweremeasured. Experimentalstudy was performed among passage 3 of fibroblast which was isolated from a circumcised skin of a 6-year-old boy.Fibroblasts were irradiated with 3 repeated exposurewith total cumulative dose 9000 mJ/cm2 and treated withinsulin 0.5; 1; 2 μg/mL and placebo. Cellswere then incubated for 48 hours, collagen degradation, collagen depositionand fibroblast proliferation were read colorimetric by using Spectroscopy 550 nm. The effect of insulin 0.5; 1 and2 ìg/mL in collagen synthesis among repeated-UVA irradiation on normal human skin fibroblast with cumulative dose9000 mJ/cm2 was not capable to reduce collagen degradation, nor capable to increase collagen and fibroblastproliferation. Insulin dose 0,5 μg/ml-2 μg/ml among repeated-UVA irradiation on normal human skin fibroblast wasnot capable to increase collagen synthesis.Key words: photoaging-DNA synthesis-proliferasion-aging process-gene expression
Candida albicans biofilm: formation and antifungal agents resistance Wibawa, Tri
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 44, No 02 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Candida sp are the most common fungal pathogens causing fatal health care associated infections.Among the genus of Candida, Candida albicans is the most frequent species isolated frompatients. The notorious C. albicans infection is the ability of this dimorphic fungus to formbiofilm. Biofilm has been pointed as a dynamic phenotypic switching in bacteria and fungi,which may result in higher morbidity and mortality in human beings. This review addresses thebasic explanation of biofilm formation which is characterized by the antifungal agents resistance.The factors that influence C. albicans biofim formation and antifungal agents resistance arediscussed.Key words: Candida sp – antifungal – resistance – biofilm - pathogenecity
Onset of menarche: differences between urban and rural community in Tangerang District, Banten Province, Indonesia Suryono Yudha Patria, Dewi Darmawati Sunartini Hapsara
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 44, No 02 (2012)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

The transition of physical and sexual maturation in becoming an adult occurs in adolescenceperiod. This transition runs in parallel with the development of cognitive, emotional, socialcultural and adaptation ability. Girls sexual maturity is marked by first menstruation (menarche)which is the most important phase of reproductive development. The relationship betweenmenarche and growth rate of body height is very close. The menarche occurs when the growthrate of the body height begins to decline. Many factors influence the onset of menarche i.e.physical activity, nutritional intake, socio economic and environmental conditions and availabilityof medical services. These factors vary between rural and urban area. Girls in urban area tend tohave modest life style compared with their counterpart in rural area. The purpose of this studywas to compare the onset of menarche of girls in urban and rural area, and to identify factorsthat influence the onset of menarche. This was a cross sectional study involving 220 girlsstudents of elementary school from both urban and rural area in Tangerang District, BantenProvince. The mean onset of menarche of all subjects was 11.46 ± 0.99 years, while the meanonset of menarche of girls who live in rural area (11.87±0.99 years) was significantly slowerthan girls who live in urban area (11.05±0.80 years) (p=0.01). The birth body weight and birthbody length, physical activity and environment condition significantly influenced the onset ofmenarche. The girls who live in urban areas had an earlier predictor factors to achieve for onsetof menarche than those who live in rural areas (OR: 3.34 [95% CI: 1.911 to 5.823] and aOR:2.95 [95% CI: 1.410 - 6.012]).Keywords: menarche - growth spurt - sexual maturity - urban - rural community
Preliminary study on congenital anomaly in DR. Sardjito General Hospital Yogyakarta Romi, M. Mansyur
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 39, No 04 (2007)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Background: Congenital anomalies and genetic diseases tend to increase and dominate hospital admittance,especially in the pediatric wards in developed countries. The spectrum of diseases in regions with lowinfant mortality rate is likely to go with such tendency It is necessary to study congenital anomalies andgenetic diseases at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, locating in a region with much lower infant mortalityrate than that of the national average.Objective: To know the occurrence of congenital anomalies and its pattern among DR. Sardjito GeneralHospital in-patients.Method: An desricptive study was done on secondary data taken from data-base of the Hospital in 1998 –2002 period. All of admittances in that period diagnosed as primary or secondary diagnosis, with Q00 –Q99 congenital malformations, deformations, and chromosomal abnormalities according to InternationalClassisifaction of Diseases (ICD), were included. The pattern of anomaly at the Hospital was compared tothat of different population and period.Results: There were 1968 1070 males and 898 females) admittances with congenital anomalies at Dr.Sardjito General Hospital in 1998 – 2002. The proportion compared to the whole admittance was 2.06%.The most prevalent was Q35 – Q37 cleft lip and cleft palate (21.14%), followed by Q38 – Q45 othercongenital malformations of the digestive system (18.45%), Q20 – Q28 malformations of the circulatorysystem (15.65%), Q50 – Q56 malformations of genital organs (12,55%), Q00 – Q07 malformations ofthe nervous system (11.89%), Q65-Q79: malformations nd deformations of musculoskeletal system(6.40%), Q80-Q89: other congenital malformations (4.06%), Q10-Q18: malformations of eye, ear, faceand neck (3,91%), Q60-Q64: malformations of the urinary system (2.54%), Q90-Q99: Chromosomalanomalies (2,44%), and Q30-Q34: malformations of the respiratory system (0.97%).Conclusion: Congenital anomalies at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital were dominated by cleft lip and palate,and other congenital malformations of the digestive system. The pattern was similar to that of otherregions of Indonesia, and differed from Indian and European populationsKey words: congenital anomalies – genetic diseases – malformations – Dr. Sardjito General Hospital
Multiple mini punch grafts for extensive ulcer: a case report Wirohadidjojo, Yohanes Widodo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 44, No 02 (2012)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Multiple mini punch grafts is the placing of mini size of full thickness skins on to ulcer bed. Theyconsist of epidermal and dermal component composed with hair follicles and other skin appendiceswhere epidermal stem cells are located. The epidermal stem cells are the best source of epidermalcells in reconstruction of skin equivalent that is usually used for replacing classic split thicknessskin graft in recovering extensive ulcer. In this article, the application of multiple mini punchgrafts onto extensive ulcer is reported. A case of extensive ulcer was suffered by a 6-year-oldboy whose left foot is injured in a traffic accident. His toes had already been amputated bysurgeon but a classic skin graft failed to recover the ulcer. Multiple mini punch grafts had beenharvested from his inguinal and buttock skin and they were placed onto his ulcer. Pre and postmini punch grafting photographs were reviewed. After eight weeks, placed multiple mini punchtissues onto large ulcer reveals lateral extensions and more than 90% of epithelialization. Multiplemini punch grafts can be used as a method to cover large ulcer.Key words: mini punch grafts-large ulcer-epithelialization-epidermal-stem cells

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