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Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 01261312     EISSN : 23563931     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.19106/JMedSci005303202101
Core Subject : Science,
Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience
Journal of the Medical Sciences (JMedSci) or Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran (BIK) is an international, open-access, and double-blind peer-reviewed journal, published by Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia. JMedSci aiming to communicate high-quality articles in the areas of biomedical science from basic to clinical sciences.The journal welcomes papers from original articles, case reports, reviews, and book reviews. All papers published in JMedSci are freely available as downloadable pdf files. The journal began its publication on March 1973 and published quarterly (January, April, July, and October). JMedSci is abstracted and indexed in DOAJ, Crossref, Google Scholar, Sinta, Indonesia One Search. JMedSci is accredited by Directorate of General Higher Education, the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Indonesia
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 2,170 Documents
 88   89   90   91   92 
Comparison of the effectiveness between 2% and 4% nicotinamide gel in reducing melanin index Lisa Murtisari Lisa Murtisari
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 37, No 03 (2005)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Background: Nicotinamide is a safe agent inhibiting melanosome transfer in vitro therefore it can reduce skin pigmentation. Two percent nicotinamide cream combined with sunscreen as a lightening agent in-creases skin lightness in vivo. Measurement of skin colour changes can be performed by mexameter to measure melanin index (MI).Objective: This study was aimed to compare the effectiveness of 2% and 4% nicotinamide gel as a lightening agent in reducing MI.Materials and Methods: This study was a double blind, randomized controlled trial involving 54 subjects. Two percent or 4% nicotinamide gel was applied on extensor right or left lower arm in each subject. MI was measured at week 0 and the end of week 1, 3, 5 and 7. MI in the evaluation weeks was compared to MI at week 0 in the 2% and 4% nicotinamide gel groups and was analyzed using paired-t test. MI decrease in the evaluation weeks between 2% and 4% nicotinamide gel groups were analyzed using independent t test. All statistical tests used a 5% and CI 95%.Result: Statistical analysis in the 2% nicotinamide gel group showed significant decrease in MI until week 7. However, in the 4% nicotinamide gel group there were significant MI decrease in the week 5 and 7. Statistical analysis showed significant decreased MI between 2% and 4% nicotinamide gel groups at week 1, 3, 5, 7.Conclusion: It was concluded that 4% nicotinamide gel had higher effectiveness compared to 2% in reducing MI as lightening agent.Key words: nicotinamide gel, melanin index, skin colour, lightening agent
Effects of ferro sulphate and carbon tetrachloride in liver of rat Ngadikun Ngadikun Ngadikun
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 42, No 01 (2010)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Ferro sulphate (FeSO4) overload and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) are chemical hepatocarcinogen. Ferro sulphatedisrupts the redox balance of the cell and generates chronic oxidative stress by which modulates signaling networksrelated to malignant transformation. Meanwhile CCl4 induces hepatic damage in lipid peroxidation and decreasesactivities of antioxidant enzymes and generation of free radicals. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect ofa pause of chemical hepatocarcinogen induced in Rattus norvegicus rats. Twomonths old adultmaleRattus norvegicusrats weighing around 110–191 g were used. The ratswere divided into three groups. In group I (n=3), no-treatmentcontrol; in group II (n=3), rats were fed 3.5%FeSO4 in the diet together with 0.1 ml/ kgBWCCl4 administered bygavage per os 5 days a week for 3 weeks. However, in group III (n=3), rats were administered by chemicalhepatocarcinogen like group I then continued with no-treatment for 2 weeks (a pause of 2 weeks was inserted).Body weight were determined per week. At the end of the experiment, rats were fasted overnight, and then 3.0 mlof blood was drawn from the rats from the vena orbitalis in EDTA-tube and then sacrificed. Liver and body weight ofrats were determined for each group. Plasma was prepared to biochemical estimation of different parameters liketotal protein (TP), non-functional plasma enzymes: aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase(ALT), and gamma glutamyl transferase (GT) by biochemical test kits in SYNCHRON CX® System(s). The livertissuewas used for histological and immunohistochemical assessment. All datawere analyzedwith one-way ANOVA,p<0.05 for the statistical comparison of groups in Matrix Laboratory (MATLAB) programs in MicrosoftWindowsXP.According to the research results of the body weight on treated group gained significantly less body weight thancontrol group (p= 0.00). Liver weight at the end of the experiment were significantly decreased in treated groupcompared to control (p=0.00); but Liver/ Body weight ratio were significantly increased in treated group comparedto control (p=0.00). The blood plasma were significant differences in the values of TP and GT (p = 0.00 and0.00), but the values of AST, ALT, and ratio of AST to ALT were not significant differences (p=0.62, 0.67, and0.26 respectively). Histopathological studies of the liver section of treated group showed the damage of the livercells. In the group of a pause of chemical hepatocarcinogen induced in rats were no major morphological changeswere observed compared to group that administered for 3 weeks, except for decreased steatosis level. An overalldecrease in vacuoles at the group of a pause suggested a changemetabolismand toxin depletion over time. Furthermore,p53 immunohistochemistry on 9 cases revealed no p53 mutations or protein overexpression. It was concluded thatp-53 mutation was not detected in Rattus norvegicus rats that induced hepatocarcinogenic agent FeSO4 3.5%andCCl4 0.1 ml/ kg BW for 3 weeks and hepatic injury still encountered in a pause of chemical hepatocarcinogeninduced showed that the recovery was not complete.Key words: pause of chemical hepatocarcinogen induced - Rattus norvegicus - liver tissue - total protein - nonfunctionalplasma enzymes
Tumor muco - epidermoid Mukardiman (alm.) Mukardiman (alm.)
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 5, No 02 (1973)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Nama tumor muco- epidermoid pertamakali dipergunakan oleh Stewart, Foote dan Becker dalam tahun 1945, meskipun sebelum itu telah dikenal gambaran khas tumor ini, misalnya oleh Masson clan. Berger dalain1924' dan- each tie daft Tribedi tahun 1939 dan lain-lain, tapi mereka ini lierntia tidak mein.beri keterangan tentang kelakuan dan ,prognosenya..
TACE and Continuous Intraarterial Infusion Chemotherapy in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Arif Faisal Arif Faisal
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 25, No 02 (1993)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Penelitian ini mengemukakan dua cars terapi pada karsinoma hepatoselular lanjut seria membandingkan hasil yang dicapai pada 20 pasien. Berdasarkan respon tumor masing-masing setelah terapi, temyata kemoterapi dengan infus berkelanjutan menunjukkan hasil yang lebih balk dan lebih efektif. Akan tetapi cars pengobatan itu juga menyebabkan efek samping yang lebih berat.Kedua cars terapi di alas memberikan angka ketahanan hidup (survival rate) 70% untuk 6 bulan dan 40% untuk 1 tahun. Sebagian besar pasien dalam penelitian ini mengalami gangguan fungsi hepar yang berat dan stadium penyakit sangat berperan terhadap hasil terapi.Key Words : hepatocellular carcinoma transcatheter arterial chemoembolizati on infusion chemotherapy anticancer drugs angiography
The Relation between Epstein-Barr Virus and Hodgkin's Disease: lmmuno-histo- pathological Analysis of EBV LMP-1 expression) C. Murtono C. Murtono
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 29, No 01 (1997)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

EBV-LMP-1 is one of the proteins formed in the B lymphocytes and that has an oncogenic property and expressed by Sternberg Reeds cells. Detection of EBV LMP-1 is a reliable method to determine the presence of EBV in Hodgkin's disease. There were geographical distributions of Hodgkin's disease based on its histological classification. This study determined the correlation between EBV and Hodgkin's disease based on its histological subtype in Yogyakarta. Eighteen formaldehyde fixed in paraffin wax embedded specimen of Hodgkin's disease were investigated for their EBV-LMP-1 expression by immunohistochemistry reaction with cocktail CS 1-4 (DAKO) as monoclonal antibody and Mayer's Hematoxillin as counterstain. For negative control LMP-1 monoclonal antibody was omitted. EBV LMP-1 expression was detected in 9/18 (50%) of Hodgkin's disease cases. The frequency of Hodgkin's disease subtypes is as follows LP (lymphocytic predominance) 11.11%, NS (nodular sclerosis) 11.11%, MC (mixed cellularity) 22.22% and LD (lymphocytic depletion) 55.55%. The median age of the patients is 52.5 years with mean 52.3 year and SD 9.15 year. LMP-1 positivity was detected in 0/2 (0%) for LP subtype, 1/2 (50%) for NS, 2/4 (50%) for MC, and 6/10 for LD (60%). Based on EBV LMP-1 expression in the Sternberg Reed cells, it corroborated a significant role for EBV on the oncogenesis of Hodgkin's disease in Yogyakarta especially for LD subtypeKey Words : Hodgkin's disease - histological classification - latent membrane protein-1 (LMP-1) -immunohistochemistry - oncogenesis.
The Change of Retinal Sensitivity in Diabetic Retinopathy after Photocoagulation Arif Budiman, Hartono, Angela Nurini A Angela Nurini Agni
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 41, No 01 (2009)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Background: Panretinal photocoagulation is used to destroy new blood vessel growth which develops on large areas of retina. Burns that occur would cause scars, that would stop bleeding. Laser has shown benefit in decreasing advance visual loss. Several studies stated that panretinal photocoagulation also decreased the light sensitivity, peripheral visual acuity, and night visual, paracentral scotoma, choroidal neovascularization (rare). submacular fibrosis, and laser injury cycatrical widening, Study on this problem is needed. Objective: To find out the influence of panretinal photocoagulation on retinal sensitivity in diabetic retinopathy patients. Methods: This study used pretest-posttest design. Subjects were diabetic retinopathy patients who visited Ophthalmology Outpatient Clinic Unit Dr. Sardjito Hospital and Dr. Yap Eye Hospital, Yogyakarta from March 2008 to January 2009. All subjects underwent panretinal laser photocoagulation and visual field was examined before treatment and 1 month (4 weeks) after treatment. Data were analyzed descriptively. The difference of retinal sensitivity before and after treatment were analyzed with paired Hest. Result: 19 patients (34 eyes) were included in the study. Average duration of diabetes mellitus in the subjects was 10.44 + 5.26 years. Most (82.4%) subjects had no history of hypertension. The number of laser given to subjects were 826-1850 burns (the average was 1164+218.95). There was improvement in the retinal sensitivity after photocoagulation, although it was statistically insignificant (p > 0.05). There was no significant difference between old and new parameters on visual acuity improvement (p = 0.72 Conclusion: There was no significant change in retinal sensitivity between before and 4 weeks after panretinal photocoagulation in diabetic retinopathy patients. Key words: retinal sensitivity - panretinal photocoagulation - diabetic retinopathy
Pengaruh Gangguan "Circadian" Terhadap Struktur Histologik Testis dan Ovarium Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus) Daryanto Daryanto
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 20, No 03 (1988)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

The effect of the total solar eclipse on the testicular and ovarian tissues of the albino rats has been investigated.Thirty adult male and female albino rats, Lembaga Makanan Rakyat (LMR) strain, were used in this investigation, and consisting of 15 male and 15 female albino rats and divided into three main groups.The first group, consisting of 5 male and 5 female albino rats were used as control group and to be decapitated one hour before the total solar eclipse occurred. The second group, consisting of 5 male and 5 female albino rats were used as a treatment group, which experienced a total solar eclipse and to be decapitated exactly when the eclipse finished. The third group consisting of 5 male and 5 female albino rats were used as a second control group, and to be decapitated one hour after the total solar eclipse finished.The results of this investigation revealed that there is no significant differences in the structure and function of testicular tissues as well as of ovarian tissues of the albino rats.Key Words: circadian rhythm - total solar eclipse - testis - ovarium - photoperiodicity
Pestisida ditinjau dari segi ekologi kedokteran Pramono Achmad Pramono Acmad
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 9, No 04 (1977)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Keywords: pestisida-racun, organis-anorganik, pestisida-aman
Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria with dysphagia. A case report Riadi Wirawan Riadi Wirawan
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 36, No 2 (2004)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

We reported a case of a 32 year old male with diagnosis thalassaemia and dysphagia who had been hospitalized four times at two different private hospitals. The chief complaints were weakness, brownish red discoloration of urine at night until morning and dysphagia. Physical examination revealed hepatosplenomegaly. The laboratory findings were normocytic normochromic anaemia, pancytopenia, reticulocytosis, hyperactive erythropoiesis, decreased NAP score, positive Ham's test and sugar water test. These findings were in accordance with intravascular haemolytic anaemia caused by PNH. Dysphagia in this case is one of clinical manifestation of PNH. We also found disorder of liver function test such as increased transaminase activity and gGT which may be caused by cholestasis, which should be confirmed by USG.Key words : intravascular haemolytic anaemia - dysphagia - haemoglobinuria - cholestatis - pancytolemia
The influence of non-selective and selective-COX-2 NSAIDs post-minor surgery for the turning of the bleeding time. Ishandono Dachlan Ishandono Dachlan
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 33, No 03 (2001)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Background: NSAIDs remain among the most widely prescribed drugs worldwide, including for surgical cases. Their action are primarily by inhibiting cyclo-oxigenase (COX), the key enzyme catalyzing the biosynthesis of prostaglandins (PGs). There are two similar but distinct isoforms of the enzyme - COX-1 and COX-2. One of the effects of COX-1 inhibition (nonselective NSAIDs) is decreasing thromboxanes, which is one of the important factors in thrombocytes aggregation and blood clotting. The optimal thrombocyte aggregation is required in many surgical cases, especially in microsurgery.Objective: The aim of this study is to compare the influence of non-selective and selective-COX-2 NSAIDs in the turning of the bleeding time.Methods: A prospective study of five days using NSAIDs has been done. The subjects were randomly distributed into two groups, non-selective group and selective COX-2 inhibitor group. The bleeding time was measured prior and after five days using of NSAIDs. The result was analyzed with t-test. Results: The mean of the prior bleeding time was 2.85 minutes (non-selective group) and 2.90 minutes (selective-COX-2 Inhibitor group). After five days using of NSAIDs, the bleeding time was increased from 2.85 to 3.15 minutes (non-selective group) and 2.90 to 2.95 minutes (selective COX-2 Inhibitor group). The mean of the bleeding time difference were 0.3 minutes (non-selective group) and 0.05 minutes (selective COX-2 Inhibitor group). T-test analysis showed that bleeding time was increased significantly from 2,85 minutes up to 3.15 minutes (p=0.005) after five days using non-selective NSAIDs, while there was no significant increase of bleeding time, from 2.90 minutes up to 2.95 minutes (p=0.591) after five days using of selective COX-2 inhibitor NSAIDs.Conclusion: Selective COX-2 inhibitor NSAIDs did not increase the bleeding time, while non-selective NSAIDs increased bleeding time after five days usage.Keyword: NSAIDs - selective - COX2 inhibitor - bleeding time - thromboxanes

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